A solid hydrogen storage bottle for hydrogen energy vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of solid-state hydrogen storage bottles for hydrogen energy vehicles and hydrogen-electric hybrid energy two-wheel vehicles, belongs to hydrogen energy vehicle technical field.The application is composed of multiple components solid-state hydrogen storage bottles for hydrogen energy vehicles, the hydrogen storage unit is used as the direct contact container of hydrogen storage alloy, copper foil is used for spacing, multistage hydrogen storage material leakage prevention device is arranged in main tank body, and hydrogen alarm and shock absorbing device are provided;It can reduce the manufacturing cycle of equipment, save the limited space inside solid-state hydrogen storage tank, also increase the structural stability between hydrogen storage units, greatly improve the contact area with hydrogen storage alloy, improve the heat exchange performance of solid-state hydrogen storage bottles for hydrogen energy vehicles, ensure that solid-state hydrogen storage bottles for hydrogen energy vehicles can be used for a long time;Solve the problems of poor tank safety, poor heat exchange performance, uneven distribution of hydrogen storage alloy in the tank and other problems in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen energy vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient secondary energy source, has always attracted much attention. If it can be better utilized as an energy carrier in modern renewable energy systems, it will solve the intermittent problems of wind and solar power. Currently, there are three main practical hydrogen storage methods: high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, and solid-state hydrogen storage based on hydrogen storage alloys. Compared to the first two methods, solid-state hydrogen storage has advantages such as high hydrogen density, low pressure, good safety, and high hydrogen purity, making it an important direction for future hydrogen energy storage and transportation technology development.

[0004] Currently, most two-wheeled vehicles are powered by batteries. These batteries are primarily lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries. Lead-acid batteries can withstand about 400 charge-discharge cycles and have a lifespan of around two years. Lithium-ion batteries outperform lead-acid batteries, exceeding 500 charge-discharge cycles and having a lifespan of 4-5 years. Depending on battery size, the driving range can be approximately 30-90 kilometers. Researchers are actively developing high-energy-density batteries.

[0005] Hydrogen-powered two-wheelers, as the name suggests, use hydrogen as an energy source. Through a chemical reaction, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy, which is then converted into mechanical energy to propel the vehicle forward, thus utilizing hydrogen. The biggest advantage is that it reacts with oxygen in the air, producing only water vapor as a byproduct, making it truly pollution-free and effectively reducing the environmental pollution caused by traditional gasoline vehicles.

[0006] Despite the many advantages of low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage technology, the low hydrogen charging and discharging rate of the hydrogen storage alloy material during the charging and discharging process means that the hydrogen supply process cannot be continuous and sustained, and thus cannot meet people's daily life and production needs.

[0007] Currently, the use of solid hydrogen storage cylinders in hydrogen-powered vehicles and hydrogen-powered two-wheelers mainly presents the following problems:

[0008] 1. Ensure the safety of solid hydrogen storage tanks during use. Frequent incidents of hydrogen balloons spontaneously combusting and exploding have led to widespread fear of hydrogen. While solid hydrogen storage tanks offer significant advantages in safety and convenience compared to high-pressure storage methods, ensuring the tanks remain leak-proof during storage, transportation, loading, unloading, maintenance, or in the event of uncontrollable incidents remains a primary concern.

[0009] 2. Improve the overall performance of solid-state hydrogen vehicles. Currently, on-board hydrogen storage tanks are developing towards faster response times, lower pressure, larger capacity, and lighter weight. From the perspective of existing technology, energy storage devices used in hydrogen-powered vehicles mostly employ high-pressure storage and transportation methods. Solid-state metal hydrogen storage methods cannot be widely applied to mobile devices because hydrogen is affected by chemical reactions during utilization. Although hydrogen storage alloys themselves have rapid hydrogen absorption / desorption rates, the generation of thermal effects places high demands on the rapid heat transfer of the hydrogen storage tank. How to manage heat is an issue that cannot be ignored in the design of hydrogen storage tanks. Furthermore, most mature hydrogen storage alloys are alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, which have high density, making them unsuitable for large-scale use in vehicles. Large capacity also cannot meet the requirements for lightweight design. How to balance and allocate the appropriate amount of hydrogen is also an important issue.

[0010] 3. Reduce the cost of manufacturing solid hydrogen tanks and hydrogen-powered two-wheelers. Existing solid hydrogen storage tanks have a relatively complex design structure, and hydrogen-powered two-wheelers are more expensive than traditional fuel vehicles and battery-powered vehicles, which is not conducive to large-scale production.

[0011] 4. Continuous and stable hydrogen supply improves the stability of the energy supply system. Hydrogen storage materials cannot internally overcome their own hydrogen supply flow limitations, leading to intermittent energy supply. This results in a significant reduction in the driving range of hydrogen-powered vehicles per trip.

[0012] To address the aforementioned issues, CN213177651U discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage tank. This tank improves its overall performance by incorporating multiple hydrogen storage bed components, a gas delivery pipe, a filter, valves, and a flexible wrapping layer between these components. This addresses the heat exchange problem to some extent, accelerates hydrogen filling and discharging efficiency, and extends the service life of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank. However, its drawbacks include: (1) complex manufacturing processes that hinder large-scale production; and (2) while increasing the tank's capacity, the overall mass of the tank is relatively large, making it unsuitable for use in mobile devices.

[0013] CN102242861A discloses a hydrogen storage alloy tank, which is equipped with a tubular heat exchanger to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the system. The hydrogen storage alloy powder is filled in a porous or fibrous structure to avoid caking and stress concentration caused by alloy powder agglomeration. Although the method uses an annular porous mass transfer module, the porous or fibrous structure used is not effective in improving the heat transfer performance of the hydrogen storage material bed, and the heat exchanger is complicated, making it difficult to fill the annular porous mass transfer module evenly.

[0014] CN112009614A discloses a hydrogen-powered two-wheeler, specifically employing a low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage and supply system to provide assistance to the hydrogen-powered vehicle. Each vehicle uses hydrogen for assistance or power, enabling green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly travel. Its shortcomings are: firstly, the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage and supply system requires additional heating, sacrificing overall vehicle performance; secondly, the hydrogen-powered two-wheeler is equipped with a 200W low-power fuel cell, whose performance is too low to meet the needs of everyday life, and it cannot independently drive the vehicle during use, offering no significant advantage compared to existing battery-powered vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0015] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a solid hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen-powered vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler, thereby solving the problems of poor tank safety, poor heat exchange performance, uneven distribution of hydrogen storage alloy in the tank leading to local stress concentration, and low hydrogen storage capacity in practical applications of solid hydrogen storage tanks. By combining the advantages of hydrogen-powered vehicles and electric vehicles, a safe and efficient energy supply system for hydrogen-electric hybrid vehicles can be achieved.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0017] A solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles includes a main tank and a gas delivery pipe. The main tank has an inner liner inside, and a shock-absorbing device is provided on the circumferential side of the main tank. The inner liner has multiple hydrogen storage units inside, and a fixing plate is vertically installed at both ends of the inner liner along the height direction. The fixing plate is located outside the inner liner, and an opening is provided on the circumferential side of the inner liner.

[0018] The hydrogen storage unit includes a copper mesh for wrapping hydrogen storage material, and copper foil is provided at both ends of the copper mesh along its length, the copper foil being used to separate adjacent hydrogen storage units;

[0019] One end of the gas guide pipe is connected to the hydrogen storage unit, and the other end of the gas guide pipe passes through the main tank and is connected to the hydrogen charging and discharging unit.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solutions, the shock absorption device uses elasticity to alleviate the bumps and vibrations of the solid hydrogen storage tank during the operation of hydrogen-powered vehicles, reducing the wear and tear of the solid hydrogen storage tank during use and ensuring that the solid hydrogen storage tank can be used for a long time. The hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit is packed in bulk, with the total volume of the packing being 60-80%. The remaining volume ensures that the hydrogen storage material has room to expand during hydrogen absorption. The hydrogen storage unit is then separated by copper foil, forming a good structural support inside the inner liner to prevent uneven material distribution from causing excessive local stress. The solid hydrogen storage material is one of Ti-Mn-based AB2 type or rare earth-based AB5 type hydrogen storage materials or their composition, which has a high hydrogen storage capacity, suitable hydrogen filling and discharging temperature, and is safe and controllable.

[0021] Furthermore, the hydrogen charging / discharging unit includes a tank head, a hydrogen charging / discharging interface, and a protective cover;

[0022] One end of the hydrogen charging / discharging interface passes through the main tank and connects to the other end of the gas guide pipe. The other end of the hydrogen charging / discharging interface is provided with a tank valve. The tank end cap is provided at the connection between the hydrogen charging / discharging interface and the main tank. The protective cover is provided on the main tank and surrounds the tank end cap, the hydrogen charging / discharging interface and the tank valve.

[0023] The protective cover has through holes for pipes.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the through holes in the pipeline are used to facilitate the connection of the tank and the hydrogen fuel cell through the pipeline. The main tank is fixed to the protective cover and the tank head to ensure that the tank has good airtightness.

[0025] Preferably, a hydrogen alarm is installed inside the protective cover.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions, it can be ensured that any gas leaks in the solid hydrogen storage tank can be detected in a timely manner during use.

[0027] Preferably, a leak-proof mesh is provided at the connection between the gas guide pipe and the hydrogen charging / discharging interface, and the leak-proof mesh surrounds the connection between the gas guide pipe and the hydrogen charging / discharging interface.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple layers of leak-proof mesh (copper mesh) are superimposed at the connection between the gas guide pipe and the hydrogen charging / discharging interface to form a secondary filtration system for the solid hydrogen storage tank, preventing material leakage.

[0029] Furthermore, the air guide tube has multiple air guide openings on its circumferential side, and the air guide openings are evenly distributed along the length of the air guide tube.

[0030] A leak-proof mesh is provided on the circumferential side of the air guide tube, and the leak-proof mesh covers the air guide opening.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas guide tube is wrapped with a leak-proof mesh (2000-10000 mesh copper mesh) to ensure that the hydrogen storage alloy, which exists in powder form, will not leak during the hydrogen release process.

[0032] Furthermore, the number of openings is multiple, and the openings are evenly distributed along the height direction of the inner liner;

[0033] The inner liner is also provided with a plurality of air guide grooves on its circumferential side, and the air guide grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner liner.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydrogen storage alloy inside the tank is ensured to be in full contact with hydrogen, thereby improving the hydrogen filling and discharging performance.

[0035] This invention also provides a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle based on the aforementioned solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles, including a frame, a hydrogen storage and supply unit, a control unit, and an electricity storage and power generation unit; the frame is provided with a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber being located below the pedals of the frame, and the second chamber being located below the seat of the frame, and the first chamber and the second chamber are connected.

[0036] The hydrogen storage and supply unit is located in the first chamber, and the energy storage and power generation unit and the control unit are located in the second chamber.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solutions, a hydrogen-electric hybrid drive mode that combines fuel cell stack power generation with battery power supply is used to leverage the advantages of both hydrogen-powered vehicles and electric vehicles, thereby improving the performance of two-wheeled vehicles.

[0038] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage and supply unit includes a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, a hydrogen supply valve, a pressure reducing valve, and a heat exchange box. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is disposed inside the heat exchange box, the hydrogen supply valve is disposed in the solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and the pressure reducing valve is connected to the hydrogen supply valve.

[0039] The heat exchange box has a heat exchange opening on one side along its length and a waste heat inlet on one side along its width.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solutions, the solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles uses quick-connect fittings to facilitate cylinder replacement; during operation, hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell through the hydrogen supply valve and the pressure reducing valve; when the hydrogen is depleted, it is refilled by cylinder replacement or online hydrogen refilling; the waste heat of the fuel cell stack is reused to supply the hydrogen storage and supply unit to meet the heat absorption and release requirements, which reduces heat emissions and eliminates the need for an external heating environment.

[0041] Furthermore, the energy storage and power generation unit includes a fuel cell stack, an intake solenoid valve, an exhaust solenoid valve, an inverter, a battery, and a fuel cell fan.

[0042] The fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the intake solenoid valve, and the intake solenoid valve is electrically connected to the pressure reducing valve; the fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the exhaust solenoid valve and the inverter respectively; the battery is electrically connected to the inverter; and the inverter is electrically connected to the fuel cell fan.

[0043] Furthermore, the control unit includes a fuel stack controller, a motor controller, and a motor;

[0044] The fuel cell stack controller is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack, the battery, and the motor controller, respectively, and the motor controller is electrically connected to the motor.

[0045] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0046] 1. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles provided by this invention can simultaneously process multiple components such as the main tank and inner liner, and then assemble them, which greatly reduces the problem of long cycle in conventional tank manufacturing methods. It has a simple structure and reduces costs, making it suitable for large-scale production.

[0047] 2. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles provided by this invention uses the hydrogen storage unit as a direct contact container with the hydrogen storage alloy and adopts copper foil spacing. Compared with conventional partition and wrapping technologies, the thickness is reduced, saving the limited space inside the main tank. It also increases the structural stability between the hydrogen storage units and greatly increases the contact area with the hydrogen storage alloy, thereby improving the heat exchange performance of the solid hydrogen storage tank.

[0048] 3. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles provided by this invention features a multi-stage leak-proof device for hydrogen storage materials inside the main tank. Furthermore, the tank thickness meets pressure standards far exceeding the working pressure, making it suitable for various hydrogen storage materials. While ensuring safety, it also aims for a larger hydrogen storage capacity and is equipped with a hydrogen alarm and shock absorption device to guarantee the long-term use of the solid hydrogen storage tank.

[0049] 4. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle provided by this invention can efficiently fill and release hydrogen through the optimized internal design of the hydrogen fuel cell for hydrogen vehicles. It also has a highly efficient self-thermal management structure to achieve rapid heat exchange and adopts a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage method to achieve safe hydrogen storage and supply, realizing green and low-carbon travel. It also has the advantages of convenient tank replacement.

[0050] 5. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle provided by the present invention adopts an L-shaped connection of the first chamber and the second chamber, which are rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise. The first chamber is located below the pedal of the frame, and the second chamber is located below the seat of the frame. The first chamber and the second chamber are connected. The fuel cell stack is located at the bottom of the second chamber. The waste heat blown out by the fan when the fuel cell stack generates electricity is used to supply the hydrogen storage unit in the first chamber to release hydrogen. The waste heat from the reaction of the fuel cell stack is recovered and reused to supply the hydrogen storage system to meet the heat absorption needs of hydrogen release, thereby reducing heat emissions and achieving high energy utilization.

[0051] 6. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle provided by this invention adopts a mode in which the fuel cell stack generates electricity and the battery stores electricity to drive the motor. The control system coordinates the two power generation modules to achieve efficient utilization of the hydrogen storage system, transfers the inherent problems of the hydrogen storage alloy material to existing feasible technologies for solution, and significantly increases the amount of hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage alloy material in actual use. It has the advantages of long driving range and sufficient flow supply. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner liner provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a side view schematic diagram of the hydrogen storage unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the power system of the hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen storage and supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage and power generation unit and the control unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the time versus hydrogen release pressure, instantaneous flow rate, and cumulative flow rate curves of a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle provided in this embodiment of the invention, equipped with a hydrogen energy vehicle solid hydrogen storage cylinder containing a TiMn2-based hydrogen storage alloy and a 12Ah, 48V lithium battery as the power source.

[0061] In the diagram: 1-1, Main tank; 1-2, Gas duct; 1-3, Inner liner; 1-4, Protective cover; 1-5, Tank valve; 1-6, Hydrogen alarm; 1-7, Hydrogen filling / discharging interface; 1-8, Tank end cap; 1-9, First fixing plate; 1-10, Hydrogen storage unit; 1-11, Second fixing plate; 1-12, Shock absorption device; 1-13, Thread; 1-14, Gas duct opening; 1-15, Copper mesh; 1-16, Opening; 1-17, Gas duct groove; 1-18, Copper foil; 1-19. 2-1 Hydrogen storage material; 2-2 Hydrogen storage and supply unit; 2-3 Electricity storage and power generation unit; 2-4 Control unit; 2-5 Hydrogen solid cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles; 2-6 Hydrogen supply valve; 2-7 Pressure reducing valve; 2-8 Heat exchange box; 2-9 Heat exchange opening; 2-10 Waste heat inlet; 2-11 Fuel cell stack; 2-12 Intake solenoid valve; 2-13 Exhaust solenoid valve; 2-14 Inverter; 2-15 Battery; 2-16 Fuel cell stack controller.

[0062] The distances or dimensions between parts have been exaggerated to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only. Detailed Implementation

[0063] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] As described in the background section, the low hydrogen charging and discharging rate of hydrogen storage alloy materials in the prior art results in an unsustainable hydrogen supply process, which cannot meet the needs of people's daily life and production. In order to solve the above technical problems, this invention proposes a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles.

[0066] like Figures 1-4 As shown in this embodiment, a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is described. This solid hydrogen storage cylinder includes a main tank 1-1, with a tank end cap 1-8 welded to the outside of the main tank 1-1. A protective cover 1-4 is installed on the outside of the main tank 1-1. A shock-absorbing device 1-12 is fixed to the outer wall of the main tank 1-1 using a stainless steel clamp. The tank end cap 1-8 is connected to a tank valve 1-5 and a hydrogen filling / discharging interface 1-7 via threads 1-13. The main tank 1-1 is fixed to the protective cover 1-4 and the tank end cap 1-8 by welding, ensuring good airtightness of the tank. The tank valve 1-5 allows for better control of individual solid hydrogen storage tanks when there are many tanks for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The hydrogen filling / discharging interface 1-7 uses a quick-connect connector, enabling rapid connection and hydrogen supply between the solid hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

[0067] The main tank 1-1 is equipped with a gas guide pipe 1-2, an inner liner 1-3, a first fixing plate 1-9, and a second fixing plate 1-11. The first fixing plate 1-9 is vertically installed at one end of the inner liner 1-3 along the height direction, and the second fixing plate 1-11 is installed at the other end of the inner liner 1-3 along the height direction. The gas guide pipe 1-2 has regular gas guide openings 1-14 on its body. The gas guide pipe 1-2 is wrapped with multiple layers of copper mesh 1-15. The gas guide pipe 1-2 is connected to the first fixing plate 1-9 and the second fixing plate 1-11 by threads 1-13. The first fixing plate 1-9 and the second fixing plate 1-11 are welded and fixed to the inner liner 1-3. The gas guide pipe 1-2, the first fixing plate 1-9, the second fixing plate 1-11, and the inner liner 1-3 are welded together and integrally formed. The hydrogen storage material 1-19 is wrapped inside and separated from the tank body to facilitate subsequent processing and integration. The inner liner 1-3 has regularly distributed openings 1-16 and gas guide grooves 1-17. The inner liner 1-3 contains multiple hydrogen storage units 1-10. The inner wall of the inner liner 1-3 is surrounded by multiple layers of copper mesh 1-15. The multiple hydrogen storage units 1-10 are separated by copper foil 1-18. The hydrogen storage unit 1-10 is composed of multiple layers of copper mesh 1-15 wrapped with copper foil 1-18 at both ends. The hydrogen storage unit 1-10 is filled with uniform hydrogen storage material 1-19.

[0068] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, during the actual hydrogen filling process of the solid hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen-powered vehicles, hydrogen gas can quickly enter the tank through the gas guide 1-2, opening 1-16, and gas guide groove 1-17, making full contact with the hydrogen storage alloy and providing strong support for the hydrogen absorption of the storage alloy. The tank interior is equipped with multiple hydrogen storage units 1-10. Both the hydrogen storage units 1-10 and the spacer copper foil 1-18 are made of highly thermally conductive materials, greatly increasing the contact area with the hydrogen storage alloy and thus significantly improving the heat exchange performance of the solid hydrogen storage tank. In summary, the internal structure of the solid hydrogen storage tank comprehensively improves its hydrogen absorption performance.

[0069] Combination Figure 1 As shown, when a solid hydrogen storage tank is installed in a hydrogen-electric hybrid vehicle, considering the complex actual working conditions, the solid hydrogen storage tank may experience dangerous shaking when the vehicle is traveling on bumpy roads or during rapid acceleration and braking. Therefore, a fixed shock-absorbing device 1-12 is installed on the outer wall of the solid hydrogen storage tank to effectively reduce mechanical collisions between the tank and the vehicle body, thus extending the tank's lifespan. Simultaneously, hydrogen alarms 1-6 are installed at valves 1-5 on the tank to continuously monitor for leaks, ensuring the safety of the hydrogen-powered vehicle during operation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the solid hydrogen storage material used is Ti-Mn based AB2 type hydrogen storage material, which has a high hydrogen storage capacity, suitable hydrogen charging and discharging temperature, and is safe and controllable. The pressure bearing standard of the main tank 1-1 is a maximum pressure of 10MPa and a working pressure of 2-5MPa. The main tank 1-1 is made of stainless steel and meets the above pressure bearing standards. The airtightness standard of the main tank 1-1 is that the hydrogen concentration within 5cm around the tank is 0.1-10LEL, ensuring the tank's impact and corrosion resistance.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Combination Figures 5-8 Based on the aforementioned solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles, this embodiment of the invention also provides a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle includes a frame and a hydrogen storage and supply unit 2-1, an energy storage and power generation unit 2-2, and a control unit 2-3 mounted on the frame. The frame is equipped with a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber is located below the footrest of the frame, and the second chamber is located below the seat of the frame. The first chamber and the second chamber are connected to form an L-shaped structure that rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise. The hydrogen storage and supply unit 2-1 is installed in the first chamber, and the energy storage and power generation unit 2-2 and the control unit 2-3 are installed in the second chamber. The control unit 2-3 is located above the energy storage and power generation unit 2-2.

[0073] The hydrogen storage and supply unit 2-1 includes a solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2-4 for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, a hydrogen supply valve 2-5, a pressure reducing valve 2-6, and a heat exchange chamber 2-7. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2-4 is installed inside the heat exchange chamber 2-7, and the hydrogen supply valve 2-5 is installed inside the solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2-4. Multiple heat exchange openings 2-8 are provided on one side of the heat exchange chamber 2-7 along its length, and the other side of the heat exchange chamber 2-7 is open. A waste heat inlet 2-9 is provided on one side of the heat exchange chamber 2-7 along its width. The energy storage and power generation unit 2-2 includes a fuel cell stack 2-10, an intake solenoid valve 2-11, an exhaust solenoid valve 2-12, an inverter 2-13, a battery 2-14, and a fuel cell fan 2-15. The fuel cell stack 2-10 is installed at the bottom of the second chamber. The control unit 2-3 includes a fuel cell stack controller 2-16, a motor controller, and a motor.

[0074] Specifically, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected in an L-shape, with the contact point being the air outlet of the fuel cell fan 2-15 and the waste heat inlet 2-9 of the heat exchange box 2-7. Specifically, the fuel cell fan 2-15 and the heat exchange box 2-7 are connected through heat exchange pipelines.

[0075] The hydrogen solid cylinder 2-4 for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is connected to the hydrogen supply valve 2-5 via a quick-connect fitting. The hydrogen supply valve 2-5 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 2-6. The pressure reducing valve 2-6 is connected to the intake solenoid valve 2-11. The intake solenoid valve 2-11 is connected to the fuel cell stack 2-10. The fuel cell stack 2-10 is connected to the exhaust solenoid valve 2-12, the inverter 2-13, and the fuel cell stack controller 2-16. The inverter 2-13 is connected to the fuel cell fan 2-15 and the battery 2-14. The fuel cell stack controller 2-16 is connected to the battery 2-14, the CAN bus, and the motor controller. The motor controller is connected to the motor.

[0076] In this embodiment, the storage battery 2-14 is an energy storage and power supply device mainly composed of lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries, the fuel cell stack 2-10 is an air-cooled hydrogen proton fuel cell stack with a power of 450-800w; the vehicle frame is made of aluminum alloy.

[0077] For example, in combination Figure 8 The graph shows the time versus hydrogen release pressure, instantaneous flow rate, and cumulative flow rate curves of a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle equipped with two 1.5L hydrogen energy vehicle solid hydrogen storage cylinders 2-4, a 600W hydrogen fuel cell stack 2-10, and a 12Ah, 48V lithium battery.

[0078] Combination Figure 8 According to the information provided, hydrogen released from the solid hydrogen storage tank 2-4 of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle enters the fuel cell stack 2-10 at an instantaneous flow rate of 8 L / min through the pressure reducing valve 2-6. The fuel cell stack 2-10 generates electricity to power the motor and charge the lithium battery. As the hydrogen release continues, the residual heat from the fuel cell stack 2-10 gradually enters the heat exchange chamber 2-7, and the internal pressure of the tank slowly decreases until the fuel cell stack 2-10 stops working. At this point, the control system automatically changes mode, and the lithium battery powers the operation, allowing time for the tank to recover its temperature. The tank exchanges heat with the environment, and the pressure gradually rises. After the set lithium battery operating time, hydrogen is supplied again using the fuel cell stack 2-10 to power the motor and release the remaining hydrogen from the tank. This cyclical switching between different modes increases the driving range and maximizes the utilization of hydrogen in the tank.

[0079] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that, Based on solid hydrogen storage cylinders for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, including vehicle frame, hydrogen storage and supply unit, control unit and power storage and generation unit; The solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles includes a main tank and a gas delivery pipe. The main tank is equipped with an inner liner, and a shock-absorbing device is provided on the circumferential side of the main tank. The inner liner is equipped with multiple hydrogen storage units. A fixing plate is vertically installed at both ends of the inner liner along the height direction. The fixing plate is located outside the inner liner, and an opening is provided on the circumferential side of the inner liner. The hydrogen storage unit includes a copper mesh for wrapping hydrogen storage material, and copper foil is provided at both ends of the copper mesh along its length. The copper foil is used to separate adjacent hydrogen storage units. One end of the gas guide pipe is connected to the hydrogen storage unit, and the other end of the gas guide pipe passes through the main tank and is connected to the hydrogen filling and discharging unit. The hydrogen charging / discharging unit includes a tank head, a hydrogen charging / discharging interface, and a protective cover; one end of the hydrogen charging / discharging interface passes through the main tank and connects to the other end of the gas guide pipe, and the other end of the hydrogen charging / discharging interface is provided with a tank valve; the tank head is located at the connection between the hydrogen charging / discharging interface and the main tank, the protective cover is located on the main tank, and the protective cover surrounds the tank head, the hydrogen charging / discharging interface, and the tank valve; the protective cover has a pipe through hole; A hydrogen gas alarm is installed inside the protective cover; A leak-proof mesh is provided at the connection between the gas guide pipe and the hydrogen charging / discharging interface, and the leak-proof mesh surrounds the connection between the gas guide pipe and the hydrogen charging / discharging interface. The air guide tube has multiple air guide openings on its circumferential side, and the air guide openings are evenly distributed along the length of the air guide tube; a leak-proof mesh is provided on the circumferential side of the air guide tube, and the leak-proof mesh covers the air guide openings. The frame is provided with a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber is located below the pedals of the frame, and the second chamber is located below the seat of the frame. The first chamber and the second chamber are connected. The hydrogen storage and supply unit is located in the first chamber, and the energy storage and power generation unit and the control unit are located in the second chamber.

2. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage and supply unit includes a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, a hydrogen supply valve, a pressure reducing valve, and a heat exchange box. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is located inside the heat exchange box, the hydrogen supply valve is located in the solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and the pressure reducing valve is connected to the hydrogen supply valve. The heat exchange box has a heat exchange opening on one side along its length and a waste heat inlet on one side along its width.

3. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage and power generation unit includes a fuel cell stack, an intake solenoid valve, an exhaust solenoid valve, an inverter, a battery, and a fuel cell fan. The fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the intake solenoid valve, and the intake solenoid valve is electrically connected to the pressure reducing valve; the fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the exhaust solenoid valve and the inverter respectively; the battery is electrically connected to the inverter; and the inverter is electrically connected to the fuel cell fan.

4. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control unit includes a fuel stack controller, a motor controller, and a motor; The fuel cell stack controller is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack, the battery, and the motor controller, respectively, and the motor controller is electrically connected to the motor.

5. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of openings is multiple, and the openings are evenly distributed along the height direction of the inner liner; The inner liner is also provided with a plurality of air guide grooves on its circumferential side, and the air guide grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner liner.

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