A hanging cultivation method for fruits and vegetables with less labor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for the hanging cultivation of fruits and vegetables for less-manned production, comprising a hanging frame, an adjusting rod, a spring, a rotating shaft, a rotating rod, a hanging rod, a cultivation container, a hook, an irrigation pipe, a container pipe, and an irrigation nozzle. The upper end of the hanging frame is suspended in the air, the middle portion is connected to the adjusting rod, and the bottom portion is connected to the rotating shaft via a screw hole with an internal thread; the middle portion of the adjusting rod is connected to the upper end of the spring, and the lower end of the spring is connected to the rotating shaft; the outer side of the rotating shaft has an external thread that passes through the screw hole at the bottom of the hanging frame and matches the internal thread of the screw hole; the middle portion of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft, and both ends are connected to the hanging rod; the hanging rod is connected to the cultivation container; the hook is located on the hanging rod; the irrigation pipe is located on the ground and is connected to the irrigation nozzle via the container pipe, and the irrigation nozzle is aligned with the cultivation container. The present invention uses the hanging cultivation device for fruits and vegetables to lift the root zone environment of the crop off the ground. By rotating, the leaves or fruits that are blocked inside can be exposed to the outside, facilitating less-manned operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of facility agriculture cultivation, and relates to a hanging cultivation device and method for fruits and vegetables with less-manpower production, providing a new cultivation means for the less-manpower production of fruits and vegetables. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main vegetable crops in facilities, such as cucumbers, tomatoes and other vine plants, cannot grow upward without restraint. In actual production, removing their vines can make them grow better and have a longer fruit-bearing period. However, when removing the vines, a large number of root vines still need to be manually arranged and coiled, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and labor-intensive. At the same time, in order to prevent plant diseases and insect pests, manual or fog machine pesticide treatment is generally used, so that a large amount of droplets are deposited on the outer surface of the plant and the surface of the exposed leaves, which has a good effect, while the leaves hidden inside the plant deposit less droplets, and the effect is relatively poor, resulting in differences in crop growth. On the other hand, the obstruction of the plant leaves makes it more difficult to rely on the picking robot to identify and locate the target when harvesting the fruit, which seriously affects the operating efficiency of the picking robot.

[0003] Through literature search of the prior art, it was found that patent application number 202123145858.1 discloses a cucumber vine dropper suitable for large-span asymmetric insulation greenhouses. Through the cooperation of a driving motor and several vine hanging mechanisms, the height of all vine drop components can be synchronously adjusted during cucumber planting. The setting of the vine drop component can make the vine drop operation more convenient and quick. The vine drop height is fixed each time and can avoid the vine from falling out of the hand, causing the vine to fall completely to the ground. However, the root vine arrangement and coiling process is not involved in the vine drop process; patent application number 202111179032.9 provides a sprayer for agricultural machinery with uniform spraying, which solves the problem that most traditional spraying devices cannot spray pesticides according to the planting width of crops. The spraying width is adjusted, resulting in uneven spraying. However, the uniformity of spraying in the internal area due to obstruction by adjacent plants is not involved; Patent application No. 201910179075.3 discloses a vision-based picking system, including a picking robot, a control system, a visual sensor and a data processing unit. The visual sensor is used to obtain multiple targets to be picked. The data processing unit is used to extract features based on the multiple targets to be picked, identify the fruit area, and record the coordinates of the fruit area. The control system is used to receive the coordinates of the fruit area and drive the picking robot to pick, which can realize fully automatic picking of fruits. However, how to accurately identify fruits that are obscured from each other inside the plant is not involved.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the technical problems existing in the production process of existing facilities, it is urgent to invent a hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device and method for less-manpower production, so as to provide a new cultivation means for less-manpower production of fruits and vegetables. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device and method for less-manned production. The hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device is used to lift the root zone environment of the crop growth off the ground. By rotating the device, the leaves or fruits that are blocked inside can be exposed to the outside, thereby facilitating less-manned operation.

[0006] The present invention provides a hanging cultivation device for fruits and vegetables with low labor costs, comprising a hanging frame, an adjusting rod, a spring, a rotating shaft, a rotating rod, a hanging rod, a cultivation container, a hook, an irrigation pipe, a container pipe and an irrigation nozzle. The upper end of the hanging frame is suspended in the air, the middle part is connected to the adjusting rod, and the bottom is connected to the rotating shaft through a screw hole with an inner thread; the adjusting rod is installed in the middle of the hanging frame, and its position in the middle of the hanging frame can be adjusted up and down, and the middle of the adjusting rod is connected to the upper end of the spring; the upper end of the spring is connected to the adjusting rod, and the lower end is connected to the rotating shaft; the outer side of the rotating shaft has an outer thread, which passes through the screw hole at the bottom of the hanging frame and matches the inner thread of the screw hole, the upper end is connected to the spring, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the rotating rod; the middle of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft, can rotate around its center in the horizontal direction, and both ends are connected to the hanging rod; one end of the hanging rod is connected to the rotating rod, and the other end is connected to the cultivation container; the upper end of the cultivation container The outer edge of the container has a certain inclination angle. On the one hand, it is connected to one end of the hanging rod so that it is off the ground and suspended in the air. On the other hand, it ensures that the water and fertilizer solution sprayed by the irrigation nozzle enters the cultivation container. The hollow interior is used to fill the substrate or soil for plant growth, and there is a round hole at the bottom for ventilation and drainage; the hook is located on the hanging rod and is used to hook the vines of the plant to facilitate spiral growth; the irrigation pipe is located on the ground of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device, connecting multiple container pipes to provide water and fertilizer solution for adjacent cultivation containers; one end of the container pipe is connected to the irrigation pipe, and the other end is in the air and connected to the irrigation nozzle; the irrigation nozzle is connected to the container pipe and aimed at the cultivation container of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device to provide water and fertilizer solution for plant growth.

[0007] The method of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device for less-manpower production of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] ① Spring expansion and contraction adjustment: When the lower end of the spring is connected to the rotating shaft, the outer thread of the rotating shaft interacts with the inner thread of the screw hole at the bottom of the suspension frame under the action of gravity of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device, and the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device can rotate and descend. During the rotation and descent of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device, when the tension of the spring is balanced with the gravity on the lower end, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device stops rotating and descending; in different growth stages of crops, the gravity of crops growing in different stages in the cultivation container can be matched by adjusting the up and down position of the adjustment rod in the suspension frame.

[0009] ②Rotation of the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device:

[0010] (1) Automatic mode: When the plant is irrigated, the cultivation container is irrigated through the irrigation pipe, container pipe and irrigation nozzle. When a certain amount of water is irrigated, the total mass in the cultivation container increases. Under the action of gravity, the outer thread of the rotating shaft interacts with the inner thread of the screw hole of the suspension frame to achieve forward rotation and descent, while the spring stretches. As the water in the cultivation container evaporates and the crop transpires, the total mass in the cultivation container decreases. Under the interaction of the suspension frame, the adjustment rod, the spring and the rotating shaft, the reverse rotation and rise are achieved. During the rotation of the plant, the plant leaves are effectively increased to receive more sunlight.

[0011] (2) Non-automatic method: Rely on manpower or machine to rotate the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device to achieve plant rotation.

[0012] ③ Rotating falling vines:

[0013] Assume that the number of hanging rods is n, and the radius of the bottom of the cylindrical area formed by the hanging rods uniformly connected around the outer edge of the cultivation container is r. In order to facilitate plant growth, the plant vines are spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical area formed by the hanging rods. The length of the plant from the point of emergence to the initial winding around the hanging rods is l0, and the spacing between the vines spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical area is Δh. Then the length of the plant vines between the intersections of adjacent hanging rods is

[0014]

[0015] When the plant vine length l≤l0, the plant vine is not treated;

[0016] When l0<l≤l0+Δl, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device rotates so that the plant vines grow around one of the hanging rods, and a hook is installed at the intersection of the plant vines and the hanging rod;

[0017] When l0+Δl<l≤l0+2Δl, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device rotates, untangling the plant vines wrapped around the hanging rod and winding them around the next hanging rod to grow around it, and installing hooks at the intersections of the plant vines and the hanging rods. The vertical height difference between the intersections of the plant vines and the adjacent hanging rods is Δh / n;

[0018] And so on, until the plant finishes growing.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device of the present invention lifts the substrate bag of the crop growth root environment off the ground, allowing the crop roots to rotate synchronously with the cultivation container, so that the plant leaves around the hanging rod can rotate around it, allowing the leaves blocked inside to receive more light, which is more conducive to growth. At the same time, with the cooperation of manual or machine operation, the plant vines in the growth stage can easily complete the rotation and vine dropping operation.

[0021] 2. The hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device of the present invention utilizes the alternation of irrigation water replenishment, water evaporation, and plant transpiration in the cultivation container during crop growth to change the gravity of the hanging cultivation device. Under the interaction of the suspension frame, adjustment rod, spring, and rotating shaft, the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device can achieve automatic rotation.

[0022] 3. The hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device of the present invention can expose the fruits that are hidden inside to the field of view by rotating the plants during the crop harvesting stage, which is more conducive to the machine vision system of the picking robot to identify and locate the fruit targets, and is of great significance to improving the operating efficiency of the picking robot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device for less-manned production;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral growth of plant vines;

[0026] In the figure: 1, suspension frame 2, adjustment rod 3, spring 4, rotating shaft 5, rotating rod 6, suspension rod 7, cultivation container 8, container outer edge 9, hook 10, irrigation pipe 11, container pipe 12, irrigation nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 2As shown, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device for less-manufactured production includes a hanging frame 1, an adjusting rod 2, a spring 3, a rotating shaft 4, a rotating rod 5, a hanging rod 6, a cultivation container 7, a hook 9, an irrigation pipe 10, a container pipe 11 and an irrigation nozzle 12. The upper end of the suspension bracket 1 is suspended in the air, the middle part is connected to the adjusting rod 2, and the bottom is connected to the rotating shaft 4 through a screw hole with an inner thread; the adjusting rod 2 is installed in the middle of the suspension bracket 1, and can be adjusted up and down at the middle position of the suspension bracket 1, and the middle of the adjusting rod 2 is connected to the upper end of the spring 3; the upper end of the spring 3 is connected to the adjusting rod 2, and the lower end is connected to the rotating shaft 4; the outer side of the rotating shaft 4 has an outer thread, which passes through the screw hole at the bottom of the suspension bracket 1 and matches the inner thread of the screw hole, the upper end is connected to the spring 3, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 5; the middle of the rotating rod 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 4, can rotate around its center in the horizontal direction, and both ends are connected to the suspension rod 6; one end of the suspension rod 6 is connected to the rotating rod 5, and the other end is connected to the cultivation container 7; the upper end of the cultivation container 7 has The outer edge 8 of the container has a certain inclination angle. On the one hand, it is connected to one end of the hanging rod 6 so that it is off the ground and suspended in the air. On the other hand, it ensures that the water and fertilizer solution sprayed by the irrigation nozzle 12 enters the cultivation container 7. The hollow interior is used to fill the substrate or soil for plant growth, and there are round holes at the bottom for ventilation and drainage; the hook 9 is located on the hanging rod 6 and is used to hook the vines of the plant to facilitate spiral growth; the irrigation pipe 10 is located on the ground of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device, connecting multiple container pipes 11 to provide water and fertilizer solution for adjacent cultivation containers 7; one end of the container pipe 11 is connected to the irrigation pipe 10, and the other end is in the air and connected to the irrigation nozzle 12; the irrigation nozzle 12 is connected to the container pipe 11 and aimed at the cultivation container 7 of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device to provide water and fertilizer solution for plant growth.

[0028] The method of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device for less-manpower production of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0029] ① Extension and contraction adjustment of spring 3: When the lower end of spring 3 is connected to rotating shaft 4, the outer wire of rotating shaft 4 interacts with the inner wire of screw hole at the bottom of suspension frame 1 under the action of gravity of the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device, and the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device can rotate and descend. During the process of rotation and descent of the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device, when the tension of spring 3 is balanced with the gravity on the lower end, the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device stops rotating and descending; in different growth stages of crops, by adjusting the upper and lower positions of adjusting rod 2 in suspension frame 1, the gravity of crops growing in cultivation container 7 at different stages can be matched.

[0030] ②Rotation of the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device:

[0031] (1) Automatic mode: When the plant is irrigated, the cultivation container 7 is irrigated through the irrigation pipe 10, the container pipe 11 and the irrigation nozzle 12. When a certain amount of water is irrigated, the total mass in the cultivation container 7 increases. Under the action of gravity, the outer thread of the rotating shaft 4 interacts with the inner thread of the screw hole of the suspension frame 1, realizing forward rotation and descent, while the spring 3 is stretched. As the water in the cultivation container 7 evaporates and the crop transpires, the total mass in the cultivation container 7 decreases. Under the interaction of the suspension frame 1, the adjustment rod 2, the spring 3 and the rotating shaft 4, the cultivation container 7 realizes reverse rotation and ascent. During the rotation of the plant, the plant leaves are effectively increased to receive more sunlight.

[0032] (2) Non-automatic method: Rely on manpower or machine to rotate the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device to achieve plant rotation.

[0033] ③ Rotating falling vines:

[0034] Assume that the number of hanging rods 6 is 2, and the bottom radius of the cylindrical area formed by the hanging rods 6 uniformly connected around the outer edge 8 of the cultivation container 7 is r. In order to facilitate plant growth, the plant vines are spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical area formed by the hanging rods 6. The length of the plant from the point of emergence to the initial winding around the hanging rods 6 is l0, and the spacing between the vines spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical area is Δh. Then the length of the plant vines between the intersections of adjacent hanging rods 6 is

[0035]

[0036] When the plant vine length l≤l0, the plant vine is not treated;

[0037] When l0<l≤l0+Δl, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device rotates, so that the plant vines grow around one of the hanging rods 6, and a hook 9 is installed at the intersection of the plant vines and the hanging rod 6;

[0038] When l0+Δl<l≤l0+2Δl, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device rotates, untangling the plant vines wrapped around the hanging rod 6 and winding them around the next hanging rod 6 to grow around it, and installing a hook 9 at the intersection of the plant vines and the hanging rod 6. The vertical height difference between the intersection of the plant vines and the adjacent lower hanging rod 6 is Δh / 2;

[0039] And so on, until the plant finishes growing.

[0040] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation with less labor, characterized by: The method is applied to a hanging cultivation device for fruits and vegetables in low-manpower production, and the device includes a hanging frame, an adjusting rod, a spring, a rotating shaft, a rotating rod, a hanging rod, a cultivation container, a hook, an irrigation pipe, a container pipe and an irrigation nozzle; the upper end of the hanging frame is suspended in the air, the middle part is connected to the adjusting rod, and the bottom is connected to the rotating shaft through a screw hole with an inner thread; the adjusting rod is installed in the middle of the hanging frame, and its position in the middle of the hanging frame can be adjusted up and down, and the middle of the adjusting rod is connected to the upper end of the spring; the upper end of the spring is connected to the adjusting rod, and the lower end is connected to the rotating shaft; the outer side of the rotating shaft has an outer thread, which passes through the screw hole at the bottom of the hanging frame and matches the inner thread of the screw hole, the upper end is connected to the spring, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the rotating rod; the middle of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft, can rotate around its center in the horizontal direction, and is connected to the hanging rod at both ends. ; One end of the hanging rod is connected to the rotating rod, and the other end is connected to the cultivation container; the upper end of the cultivation container has an outer edge of a container at a certain inclined angle, which is connected to one end of the hanging rod so that it is off the ground and suspended in the air, and on the other hand ensures that the water and fertilizer liquid sprayed by the irrigation sprinkler enters the cultivation container. The hollow interior is used to fill the substrate or soil for plant growth, and there is a circular hole at the bottom for ventilation and drainage; the hook is located on the hanging rod, and is used to hook the vines of the plant to facilitate spiral growth; the irrigation pipe is located on the ground of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device, connecting multiple container pipes to provide water and fertilizer solution to adjacent cultivation containers; one end of the container pipe is connected to the irrigation pipe, and the other end is located in the air and connected to the irrigation sprinkler; the irrigation sprinkler is connected to the container pipe and aimed at the cultivation container of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device to provide water and fertilizer solution for plant growth; The method comprises the following steps: ① Spring expansion and contraction adjustment: When the lower end of the spring is connected to the rotating shaft, the outer thread of the rotating shaft interacts with the inner thread of the screw hole at the bottom of the suspension frame under the action of gravity of the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device, so that the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device can rotate and descend. During the process of rotating and descending, when the tension of the spring is balanced with the gravity on the lower end, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device stops rotating and descending. At different growth stages of crops, the upper and lower positions of the adjustment rod in the suspension frame are adjusted to match the gravity of the crops growing in the cultivation container at different stages. ②Rotation of the hanging fruit and vegetable cultivation device: (1) Automatic mode: When the plant is irrigated, the cultivation container is irrigated through the irrigation pipe, container pipe and irrigation nozzle. When a certain amount of water is irrigated, the total mass in the cultivation container increases. Under the action of gravity, the outer thread of the rotating shaft interacts with the inner thread of the screw hole of the suspension frame to achieve forward rotation and descent, and the spring is stretched at the same time; as the water in the cultivation container evaporates and the crop transpires, the total mass in the cultivation container decreases, and under the interaction of the suspension frame, the adjustment rod, the spring and the rotating shaft, the reverse rotation and rise are achieved; during the rotation of the plant, the plant leaves are effectively increased to receive more sunlight; (2) Non-automatic method: relying on manpower or machine to rotate the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device to achieve plant rotation; ③ Rotating falling vines: Assume that the number of hanging rods is n, and the radius of the bottom of the cylindrical area formed by the hanging rods uniformly connected around the outer edge of the cultivation container is r. In order to facilitate plant growth, the plant vines are spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical area formed by the hanging rods. The length of the plant from the point of emergence to the initial winding around the hanging rods is l0, and the spacing between the vines spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical area is Δh. Then the length of the plant vines between the intersections of adjacent hanging rods is When the plant vine length l≤l0, the plant vine is not treated; When l0<l≤l0+Δl, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device rotates so that the plant vines grow around one of the hanging rods, and a hook is installed at the intersection of the plant vines and the hanging rod; When l0+Δl<l≤l0+2Δl, the fruit and vegetable hanging cultivation device rotates, untangling the plant vines wrapped around the hanging rod and winding them around the next hanging rod to grow around it, and installing hooks at the intersections of the plant vines and the hanging rods. The vertical height difference between the intersections of the plant vines and the adjacent hanging rods is Δh / n; And so on, until the plant finishes growing.

Images