A fire extinguishing composition, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a fire extinguishing composition, a preparation method and an application thereof. The fire extinguishing composition includes a fire extinguishing agent, a surfactant and a fluorinated liquid. The fire extinguishing agent is perfluoromethylcyclohexanone, and the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition is not less than 55 wt%. The surfactant is a fluorinated surfactant. The molecular structural formula of the fluorinated liquid satisfies General Formula I: wherein, R1 is selected from at least one of methyl and ethyl; R2 is selected from at least one of a fluorine group and a fluorine-containing carbon group. The fire extinguishing composition has good fire extinguishing performance and high retention rate at room temperature storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fire extinguishing agents, and specifically relates to a fire extinguishing composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Among various disasters, fire is one of the main disasters that most frequently and commonly threaten public safety and social development. The hazards of fire not only manifest in the destruction of property and casualties, but also in the destruction of civilized achievements, the impact on social stability, and the damage to the ecological environment. Therefore, preventing fires and extinguishing fires in a timely manner are still important themes that cannot be ignored in modern times.

[0003] Perfluorohexanone is currently a highly efficient and environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent used in the fire protection field. It is a colorless, odorless, and transparent liquid at room temperature, with a boiling point of only 49.2 °C, which makes it easy to vaporize. After being released in a fire extinguishing device, it quickly turns into a gas. Perfluorohexanone has a low fire extinguishing concentration, high fire extinguishing efficiency, a large safety margin, is green and environmentally friendly, and leaves no residue after release, causing no harm to humans and the environment. It has been registered for use as a gaseous fire extinguishing medium in the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, Japan, South Korea and other places. However, due to its low boiling point, perfluorohexanone is prone to loss during storage and cannot be stored for a long time before actual fire extinguishing, resulting in the inability to achieve the expected fire extinguishing effect.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to seek a fire extinguishing composition that uses perfluorohexanone and has good fire extinguishing performance and a high retention rate at room temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof, which have good fire extinguishing performance and a high retention rate at room temperature.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire extinguishing composition, comprising a fire extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing agent being perfluorohexanone, and the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition being not less than 55 wt%; a surfactant, the surfactant being a fluorosurfactant; and a fluorinated liquid, the molecular structural formula of the fluorinated liquid satisfying General Formula I: wherein, R1 is selected from at least one of methyl and ethyl; R2 is selected from at least one of a fluorine group and a fluorinated carbon group.

[0007] First of all, the present solution selects green and environmentally friendly perfluoromethylcyclohexanone as the fire extinguishing agent. The boiling point of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone is only 49.2 °C, which makes it easy to vaporize in a high-temperature environment. After being released in the fire extinguishing device, it quickly turns into a gas. Perfluoromethylcyclohexanone has a low fire extinguishing concentration, high fire extinguishing efficiency, a large safety margin, is green and environmentally friendly, and leaves no residue after release, causing no harm to humans and the environment. However, perfluoromethylcyclohexanone is prone to volatilization at room temperature, resulting in the possible loss of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone in the fire extinguishing tape before a fire occurs. Therefore, the present invention uses a specific fluorinated liquid, surfactant and perfluoromethylcyclohexanone to prepare a fire extinguishing composition, which can make the prepared fire extinguishing composition have a higher boiling point and excellent fire extinguishing performance at the same time. Compared with the fire extinguishing agent using only perfluoromethylcyclohexanone as the fire extinguishing component, the fire extinguishing composition has a higher boiling point, a higher retention rate at room temperature storage, and better fire extinguishing performance. Among them, the surfactant used in the present invention can reduce the surface tension between the fire extinguishing agent and the fluorinated liquid, increase the compatibility between the fire extinguishing agent and the fluorinated liquid, thereby further improving the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing composition, increasing the azeotropic boiling point of the fire extinguishing composition, and increasing the retention rate of the fire extinguishing composition at room temperature storage. Secondly, perfluoromethylcyclohexanone is the most basic fire extinguishing component in the fire extinguishing composition. When the proportion of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone in the fire extinguishing composition is not less than 55 wt%, the fire extinguishing composition still has a good fire extinguishing effect after storage, and ensures that the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone in the fire extinguishing composition can reach the minimum fire extinguishing concentration.

[0008] Preferably, the fluorocarbon group contains no more than 3 carbon atoms.

[0009] Preferably, by mass, the fire extinguishing agent: surfactant: fluorinated liquid = 2 - 3: 0.2 - 0.3: 1. When the composition ratio of the fire extinguishing composition meets the above conditions, the fire extinguishing composition has excellent fire extinguishing performance at the same time. When extinguishing flames of the same fire intensity, the above fire extinguishing composition requires a shorter fire extinguishing time, and further reduces the temperature of the high-temperature fire source, reducing the probability of the fire source reigniting.

[0010] Preferably, the fluorinated liquid includes at least one of perfluorobutyl methyl ether, perfluorobutyl ethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5 - decafluoro - 3 - methoxy - 4 - (trifluoromethyl) - pentane, 3 - ethoxy - 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6 - dodecafluoro - 2 - trifluoromethyl - hexane. When using the above compounds as the fluorinated liquid to prepare the fire extinguishing composition, the fluorinated liquid and perfluoromethylcyclohexanone have similar polarities and good compatibility. The fire extinguishing composition prepared therefrom has a higher azeotropic boiling point, can quickly vaporize in a high-temperature environment, cool down and extinguish the high-temperature fire source, thereby enhancing the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing composition and reducing the mixing loss of the fire extinguishing composition in the room temperature storage state. And the above fluorinated liquids are all commercially available products.

[0011] Preferably, the fluorinated liquid comprises perfluorobutyl ethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane, and 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane. Through long-term experiments and tests by the inventors, it has been found that compared with the fire extinguishing composition prepared by using only a single compound as the fluorinated liquid, the fire extinguishing composition prepared by using the above three compounds in combination as the fluorinated liquid has better fire extinguishing performance.

[0012] Preferably, in the fluorinated liquid, by mass, perfluorobutyl ethyl ether: 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane: 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane = 3 - 4:1:1. When the selected fluorinated liquid meets the above conditions, the fire extinguishing composition prepared by blending the fluorinated liquid with perfluorohexanone and a surfactant has a higher azeotropic point, is suitable for cooling and extinguishing a thermally runaway lithium battery, and the fire extinguishing temperature of the fire extinguishing composition matches the temperature of the thermally runaway lithium battery. Due to the high azeotropic point of the fire extinguishing composition, it will not vaporize and extinguish at the working temperature of the lithium battery, but when the lithium battery catches fire, the fire extinguishing composition can quickly extinguish the fire, reduce the possibility of the lithium battery catching fire and exploding, and prevent the spread of fire.

[0013] Preferably, the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium perfluorooctanoate, sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and a copolymer of perfluoroalkylsulfinylaminoacrylate polyalkylacrylate. The above surfactants can reduce the surface tension between the fire extinguishing agent and the fluorinated liquid, provide a good miscible environment for the fluorinated liquid and perfluorohexanone, thereby improving the vaporization rate and storage stability of the fire extinguishing composition. Moreover, the above surfactants are all commercially available products.

[0014] Preferably, the surfactant comprises sodium perfluorooctanoate and a copolymer of perfluoroalkylsulfinylaminoacrylate polyalkylacrylate, and by mass, sodium perfluorooctanoate: copolymer of perfluoroalkylsulfinylaminoacrylate polyalkylacrylate = 1.5 - 2.5:1.

[0015] Preferably, the surfactant comprises sodium perfluorooctanoate, sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, and perfluorohexylethyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and by mass, sodium perfluorooctanoate, sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether = 1.5 - 2.5:1:1.

[0016] The inventor found that when the surfactants of the above two formulations are selected, it is easier to mix the surfactant, the fire extinguishing agent and the fluorinated liquid evenly, and the prepared fire extinguishing composition has better fire extinguishing performance, achieving better cooling and fire extinguishing effects.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above fire extinguishing composition, comprising the following steps: mixing the fire extinguishing agent, the surfactant and the fluorinated liquid evenly to obtain the fire extinguishing composition. The preparation process of this preparation method is simple and the operation is convenient, and it has good economic benefits.

[0018] Preferably, the mixing temperature of the fire extinguishing agent, the surfactant and the fluorinated liquid is 2-10°C. During the process of mixing and stirring the raw materials, stirring heat and mixing heat will be generated. Also, due to the low boiling points of the raw materials constituting the fire extinguishing composition, low-temperature stirring and mixing are required. If the system temperature is too high during the mixing process, it is easy to cause volatilization loss of the raw materials constituting the fire extinguishing composition. Since the loss rates of the various raw materials are different during the mixing process, the ratio of the fire extinguishing agent: fluorinated liquid: surfactant in the prepared fire extinguishing composition does not match the feeding ratio, which easily affects the overall stability and fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing composition. If the reaction system temperature during the mixing process is too low, the mixing rate of each material will decrease, and the energy consumption will increase.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the application of the above fire extinguishing composition in the safety prevention and control of thermal runaway of power batteries. This fire extinguishing composition can minimize fire losses, and can also avoid secondary damage to the burning object during the fire extinguishing process. And, through actual tests, this fire extinguishing composition can be used in harsh environments of high temperature and high humidity. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The fire extinguishing composition prepared in this example comprises 70 parts of fire extinguishing agent, 6 parts of surfactant, 30 parts of fluorinated liquid and 14 parts of deionized water. Then, calculated by mass, the ratio of fire extinguishing agent: surfactant: fluorinated liquid = 2.33:0.2:1.

[0023] The fire extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone. The surfactant is a copolymer of sodium perfluorooctanoate and perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate polyalkene acrylate, and by mass, sodium perfluorooctanoate: copolymer of perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate polyalkene acrylate = 2:1. Among them, the CAS number of the copolymer of perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate polyalkene acrylate is 1017237-78-3, and the copolymer of perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate polyalkene acrylate is preferably a fluorosurfactant product with the brand name FC-4430.

[0024] The fluorinated liquid is selected from perfluorobutyl ethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane, 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane, and by mass, perfluorobutyl ethyl ether: 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane: 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane = 4:1:1. Among them, the CAS number of perfluorobutyl ethyl ether is 163702-06-5, and the chemical structural formula is The CAS number of 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane is 132182-92-4, and the chemical structural formula is Moreover, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane is preferably a product with the brand name Novec TM 7300 electronic fluorinated liquid; the CAS number of 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane is 297730-93-9, and the chemical structural formula is Moreover, 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane is preferably a product with the brand name Novec TM 7500 electronic fluorinated liquid.

[0025] The fire extinguishing composition is prepared by the following steps:

[0026] Ultrasonically vibrate the fire extinguishing agent, surfactant, fluorinated liquid, and deionized water at a temperature of 5°C. After mixing evenly, stir at a rate of 600 r / min at a temperature of 5°C to obtain the fire extinguishing composition.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of fluorinated liquid is changed, and perfluorobutyl ethyl ether of equal mass is used instead of the fluorinated liquid used in Example 1. Equivalently, only perfluorobutyl ethyl ether is used as the fluorinated liquid. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of fluorinated liquid is changed, and perfluorobutyl methyl ether of equal mass is used instead of the fluorinated liquid used in Example 1. Equivalently, only perfluorobutyl methyl ether is used as the fluorinated liquid. Among them, the CAS number of perfluorobutyl methyl ether is 163702 - 08 - 7, and the chemical structural formula is The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of fluorinated liquid is changed, and 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5 - decafluoro - 3 - methoxy - 4 - (trifluoromethyl) - pentane of equal mass is used instead of the fluorinated liquid used in Example 1. Equivalently, only 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5 - decafluoro - 3 - methoxy - 4 - (trifluoromethyl) - pentane is used as the fluorinated liquid. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0033] Example 5

[0034] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of fluorinated liquid is changed, and 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5 - decafluoro - 3 - methoxy - 4 - (trifluoromethyl) - pentane of equal mass is used instead of 3 - ethoxy - 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6 - dodecafluoro - 2 - trifluoromethyl - hexane used in Example 1. Equivalently, perfluorobutyl ethyl ether and 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5 - decafluoro - 3 - methoxy - 4 - (trifluoromethyl) - pentane are used as the fluorinated liquid. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0035] Example 6

[0036] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in the selected fluorinated liquid, by mass, perfluorobutyl ethyl ether: 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane:: 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane = 3:1:1. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0037] Example 7

[0038] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, the fire extinguishing agent, surfactant, and fluorinated liquid are mixed evenly at a temperature of 25 °C to obtain the fire extinguishing composition. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0039] Example 8

[0040] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of surfactant is changed, and sodium perfluorooctanoate of equal mass is used instead of the copolymer of perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate and polyalkene acrylate used in Example 1. Equivalently, sodium perfluorooctanoate is used as the surfactant. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0041] Example 9

[0042] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of surfactant is changed, and the copolymer of perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate and polyalkene acrylate of equal mass is used instead of sodium perfluorooctanoate used in Example 1. Equivalently, the copolymer of perfluoroalkane sulfonamido acrylate and polyalkene acrylate is used as the surfactant. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0043] Example 10

[0044] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the type of surfactant is changed, and sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate is selected as the surfactant. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1, especially the dosage of the surfactant in this example is also the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] Example 11

[0046] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 lies in that: the types of surfactants are changed, and sodium perfluorooctanoate, sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, and polyoxyethylene ether of perfluorohexyl ethanol are used as surfactants, and by mass calculation, sodium perfluorooctanoate:sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate:polyoxyethylene ether of perfluorohexyl ethanol = 2:1:1. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1, especially the dosage of the surfactant in this example is also the same as that in Example 1. Among them, the polyoxyethylene ether of perfluorohexyl ethanol is preferably a fluorinated surfactant product with the brand number FS-3100.

[0047] Example 12

[0048] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 lies in that: during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, the mass ratio of fire extinguishing agent:surfactant:fluorinated liquid = 2:0.3:1, that is, the fire extinguishing composition includes 60 parts of fire extinguishing agent, 9 parts of surfactant, 30 parts of fluorinated liquid, and 10 parts of deionized water. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] Example 13

[0050] This example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this example and Example 1 lies in that: during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, the mass ratio of fire extinguishing agent:surfactant:fluorinated liquid = 3:0.2:1, that is, the fire extinguishing composition includes 66 parts of fire extinguishing agent, 4.4 parts of surfactant, 22 parts of fluorinated liquid, and 14 parts of deionized water. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] This comparative example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 lies in that: during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, the addition of the surfactant is omitted. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] This comparative example prepares a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 lies in that: the type of fluorinated liquid is changed, and ethyl nonafluorobutyl ether of equal mass is used instead of the fluorinated liquid used in Example 1. Among them, the CAS number of ethyl nonafluorobutyl ether is 163702-05-4, and the chemical structural formula is The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] This comparative example prepared a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: changing the type of fluorinated liquid, and using heptafluoroisopropyl ethyl ether of equal mass to replace the fluorinated liquid used in Example 1. Among them, the CAS number of heptafluoroisopropyl ethyl ether is 22137-14-0, and the chemical structural formula is The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] This comparative example prepared a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: changing the type of fluorinated liquid, and using 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro-2-trifluoromethylpropane of equal mass to replace the fluorinated liquid used in Example 1. Among them, the CAS number of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro-2-trifluoromethylpropane is 354-92-7, and the chemical structural formula is The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 5

[0060] This comparative example provided a fire extinguishing agent, which is perfluoropentanone, and the mass fraction of the fire extinguishing agent provided in this comparative example is strictly the same as that of the fire extinguishing composition provided in Example 1..

[0061] Comparative Example 6

[0062] This comparative example prepared a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, the addition of the fire extinguishing agent was omitted. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 7

[0064] This comparative example prepared a fire extinguishing composition with reference to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, hexafluoropropylene dimer of equal mass was used to replace the perfluoropentanone used in Example 1. Equivalently, hexafluoropropylene dimer was used as the fire extinguishing agent. The remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 8

[0066] This comparative example prepared a fire extinguishing composition by referring to the method provided in Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that during the preparation of the fire extinguishing composition, the content of deionized water was increased. The fire extinguishing composition prepared in this comparative example includes 70 parts of fire extinguishing agent, 6 parts of surfactant, 30 parts of fluorinated liquid, and 54 parts of deionized water. Correspondingly, the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition is 43.75 wt%. The other raw material ratios and preparation methods are strictly the same as those in Example 1.

[0067] Test Example 1

[0068] Test objects: The fire extinguishing compositions prepared in Examples 1 - 13 and Comparative Examples 1 - 8.

[0069] Test items and test methods:

[0070] (1) Boiling point: Refer to "General Method for Determining the Boiling Point of Chemical Reagents - GB / T 616 - 2006" to record the boiling points of each test object.

[0071] (2) Fire extinguishing effect: Fill each test object into a spray bottle, puncture soft - package batteries (3.7V) with different battery energies (9.75 W·h, 18.5 W·h) until they smoke, ignite the batteries, and when the batteries are burning stably, use the spray bottle to extinguish the battery flames. Stop spraying when the batteries stop burning, and record the fire extinguishing time.

[0072] (3) Double 85 test for power batteries: Wrap each test object with a polymer film and conduct an aging test on the wrapped test objects under the conditions of a temperature of 85°C and a humidity of 85% for 1000 hours. Test the fire extinguishing effect of the aged test objects and record the anti - aging performance. Anti - aging performance = fire extinguishing time before aging / fire extinguishing time after aging. If the anti - aging performance is not less than 50%, it can be regarded as passing the double 85 test for power batteries.

[0073] Test results: The composition types and preparation conditions of each test object are shown in Table 1, the information of the fluorinated liquid used in each test object is shown in Tables 2 and 3, and the test results are shown in Table 4.

[0074] Table 1. Types of fire extinguishing agents and surfactants in each test object

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Note: In Table 1, "○" in the column of "sodium perfluorooctanoate" indicates that the surfactant used in the test object contains sodium perfluorooctanoate, and " / " indicates that the surfactant used in the test object does not contain sodium perfluorooctanoate, and so on. Among them, the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition in Examples 1 to 13 is not less than 55 wt%, and the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition in Comparative Example 8 is 43.75 wt%.

[0078] Table 2. Types of fluorinated liquids used in each test object

[0079]

[0080] Note: In Table 2, "C7H3F 13 O" refers to 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane; "C9H5F 15 O" refers to 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane; "C4F 10 " refers to 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoroisopropyl trifluoromethyl ether. And the meanings of "○" and " / " are the same as those in Table 1.

[0081] Table 3. Material structural formulas and CAS numbers of each fluorinated liquid

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Table 4. Test performances of each test object

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Result analysis:

[0088] The fire extinguishing compositions provided in Examples 1 to 13 were compared with the fire extinguishing materials provided in Comparative Examples 1 to 8 in terms of the test performance shown in Table 4. It was found that the fire extinguishing compositions corresponding to Examples 1 to 13 had a high boiling point, good fire extinguishing performance, and could pass the double 85 test for power batteries. Among them, the difference between the fire extinguishing compositions provided in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 was the type of fluorinated liquid used. The structural formulas of the specific materials used are shown in Tables 2 and 3. By comparing the test performances corresponding to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4, it was found that compared with the fire extinguishing materials of Comparative Examples 2 to 4, the fire extinguishing compositions of Examples 1 to 6 had both higher normal temperature storage stability and better fire extinguishing performance. This shows that using a compound conforming to General Formula I: as the fluorinated liquid can improve the boiling point and fire extinguishing performance of perfluoropentanone, making the fire extinguishing composition have a higher boiling point, higher normal temperature storage stability, and good fire extinguishing performance. Among them, the fire extinguishing compositions of Example 1 and Examples 7 to 13 can all pass the double 85 test for power batteries, indicating that using perfluorobutyl ethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane, 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane as the fluorinated liquid can further improve the storage stability and high temperature resistance of the fire extinguishing composition.

[0089] Comparing the test data of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6 in Table 4, it was found that compared with Comparative Example 5 that only used pure perfluoropentanone and Comparative Example 6 that only used a fluorinated liquid and a surfactant, the fire extinguishing composition provided by Example 1 had better fire extinguishing performance and storage stability. This shows that when perfluoropentanone, the fluorinated liquid, and the surfactant act alone, they also have certain fire extinguishing performance. However, when perfluoropentanone is blended with the fluorinated liquid and the surfactant, the resulting fire extinguishing composition has both better fire extinguishing performance and a higher boiling point, which proves the existence of a synergistic relationship between perfluoropentanone, the fluorinated liquid, and the surfactant.

[0090] Furthermore, comparing the test data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it was found that compared with the fire extinguishing material provided by Comparative Example 1 that did not contain a surfactant, the fire extinguishing composition of Example 1 had a higher boiling point. This shows that the surfactant can reduce the surface tension between perfluoropentanone and the fluorinated liquid, increase the compatibility between perfluoropentanone and the fluorinated liquid, thereby further improving the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing composition and increasing the azeotropic boiling point of the fire extinguishing composition, and increasing the normal temperature storage retention rate of the fire extinguishing composition. And it was verified that when the surfactant was blended with the fluorine compound, a lower surface tension could be obtained, making the compatibility between perfluoropentanone and the fluorinated liquid increase, and thus the resulting fire extinguishing composition had a higher boiling point.

[0091] Comparing the test data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 7, it can be clearly seen that although the azeotropic points of the fire extinguishing compositions prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 7 are similar, the fire extinguishing performance corresponding to Example 1 is good, while the fire extinguishing material of Comparative Example 7 has poor fire extinguishing performance and it is difficult to extinguish open flames. This shows that only from the aspects of boiling point and fire extinguishing performance, compared with the improvement effect on other fluorine-containing fire extinguishing agents, the surfactant and fluorinated liquid adopted in this solution have a better improvement effect on perfluoropentanone.

[0092] Comparing the test data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 8, it can be seen that as the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition increases, the fire extinguishing time required to completely extinguish the flame becomes shorter, indicating that the fire extinguishing agent is one of the important components determining the fire extinguishing performance in the fire extinguishing composition, and when the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition is not less than 55 wt%, the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing composition is better.

[0093] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing composition, characterized in that, including a fire extinguishing agent, which is perfluoromethyl isopropyl ketone, and the proportion of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing composition is not less than 55 wt%; a surfactant, which is a fluorosurfactant, and the surfactant includes at least one of sodium perfluorooctanoate, sodium perfluorononeneoxybenzenesulfonate, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and FC-4430; a fluorinated liquid, which is perfluorobutyl ethyl ether with CAS number 163702-06-5, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane, and 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane. In the fluorinated liquid, by mass, the perfluorobutyl ethyl ether: the 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane: the 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-hexane = 4:1:

1.

2. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein By mass, the fire extinguishing agent: the surfactant: the fluorinated liquid = 2 - 3:0.2 - 0.3:

1.

3. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein The surfactant includes the sodium perfluorooctanoate and the FC-4430, and by mass, the sodium perfluorooctanoate: the FC-4430 = 1.5 - 2.5:

1.

4. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein, The surfactant includes the sodium perfluorooctanoate, the sodium perfluorononeneoxybenzenesulfonate, and the perfluorohexylethyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and by mass, the sodium perfluorooctanoate, the sodium perfluorononeneoxybenzenesulfonate, the perfluorohexylethyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether = 1.5 - 2.5:1:

1.

5. A method for preparing the fire extinguishing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, including the following steps: mixing the fire extinguishing agent, the surfactant, and the fluorinated liquid evenly to obtain the fire extinguishing composition.

6. The application of the fire extinguishing composition according to any one of claims 1 to |4 in the safety prevention and control of thermal runaway of power batteries.

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