Composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles, preparation method thereof, and particle damper

Abstract

The present invention provides a composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle, a preparation method thereof, and a particle damper, wherein the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle comprises, from the inside to the outside, a foamed ceramic core, a polydopamine modified layer, and a polymer elastic layer, wherein the polydopamine modified layer is coated on the outer surface of the foamed ceramic core, and the polymer elastic layer is coated on the outer surface of the polydopamine modified layer; wherein the polymer elastic layer is obtained by blending and vulcanizing butadiene rubber and eucommia gum as raw materials; based on the total weight of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle as 100%, the content of the foamed ceramic core is 50%-90%, and the content of the polymer elastic layer is 10%-50%. Filling the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle provided by the present invention into the interior of the particle damper can solve the noise pollution problem caused by collision in the vibration reduction process of the traditional particle damper and provide a feasible way for the resource utilization of industrial solid waste such as waste residue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles, a preparation method thereof, and a particle damper, and belongs to the technical field of vibration-damping and damping materials. Background Art

[0002] Because particle damping technology has the characteristics of wide tuning bandwidth, strong environmental adaptability, low cost of vibration reduction structure, and flexible installation and use, it has been gradually applied to the field of structural vibration control in recent years. At present, the particles filled in the particle damper are basically metal materials. Although the collision energy consumption between particles and between the particle wall can achieve a vibration reduction effect, due to the collision between the metal materials with larger rigidity, it will cause great noise pollution during collision. Therefore, relevant research on vibration reduction and noise reduction has gradually appeared. For example, the wall of the device in CN108457395A adopts soft polyurethane foam plastic to increase the collision time between particles and the wall and reduce collision noise, but it is still impossible to prevent the noise generated by collision between particles.

[0003] Solid wastes such as slag and steel slag are waste residues generated during the steelmaking process. The average annual utilization rate of these solid wastes is low and the stock is large. Discarding them at random not only seriously wastes resources, but also occupies valuable land. Slag and steel slag mainly contain components such as SiO2, CaO, MgO, Al2O3, and the Fe contained therein as a variable valence element is prone to redox reactions. Slag and steel slag (collectively referred to as waste residue or solid waste) have the feasibility of preparing foamed ceramics. The porous structure inside the foamed ceramics provides good sound insulation and noise reduction effects. Therefore, applying waste residue to the field of particle damping and vibration reduction provides a feasible way to improve the utilization value of solid waste and realize resource utilization.

[0004] Therefore, providing a new type of composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles, a preparation method thereof, and a particle damper has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies, one object of the present invention is to provide a composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above.

[0007] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a particle damper filled with the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above. Filling a particle damper with the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention can address the noise pollution caused by collisions during vibration reduction in conventional particle dampers and provide a viable resource for the recycling of industrial solid waste, such as slag.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, on the one hand, a composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle, wherein the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle comprises, from the inside to the outside, a foamed ceramic core, a polydopamine modified layer, and a polymer elastic layer, wherein the polydopamine modified layer is coated on the outer surface of the foamed ceramic core, and the polymer elastic layer is coated on the outer surface of the polydopamine modified layer;

[0009] The high molecular polymer elastic layer is obtained by blending and vulcanizing butadiene rubber and eucommia ulmoides gum as raw materials;

[0010] Taking the total weight of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles as 100%, the content of the foamed ceramic core is 50%-90%, and the content of the high molecular polymer elastic layer is 10%-50%.

[0011] As a specific embodiment of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above, the foamed ceramic core contains openings on the surface and closed pores inside.

[0012] As a specific embodiment of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles of the present invention, based on the total weight of the foamed ceramic core being 100%, the SiO2 content in the foamed ceramic core is ≤55%, and the Al2O3 content is ≤14%.

[0013] As a specific embodiment of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above, the thickness of the polydopamine modified layer is 0.01-20 μm.

[0014] As a specific embodiment of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above, in the preparation process of the high molecular weight polymer elastic layer, the amount of butadiene rubber used is 70%-90%, and the rest is eucommia gum, based on the total weight of butadiene rubber and eucommia gum as 100%.

[0015] As a specific embodiment of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above, the blending temperature is 60-65° C., the time is 20-30 min, and the vulcanization temperature is 120-170° C., the time is 30-60 min.

[0016] The composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention include, from the inside to the outside, a foamed ceramic core, a polydopamine modified layer, and a high-molecular polymer elastic layer. The foamed ceramic core is made from waste slag through foaming treatment, and a porous structure is formed inside. When sound waves are incident on the surface of the foamed ceramic, the air in the micropores is vibrated, converting a considerable portion of the sound energy into heat energy, thereby attenuating the sound waves and weakening the reflected sound, thereby achieving the purpose of sound absorption.

[0017] The surface of the foamed ceramic exhibits inorganic properties, while the polymer elastic layer is an organic polymer. Therefore, the present invention uses polydopamine to modify the surface of the foamed ceramic, changing the surface structure of the porous foamed ceramic, reducing its surface inorganic properties, improving the interfacial bonding between the foamed ceramic and the polymer elastic layer, and enhancing the interfacial bonding strength. Furthermore, the open pore structure (i.e., openings) on the foamed ceramic surface also contributes to improved interfacial bonding performance.

[0018] The surface layer of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles is a polymer elastic layer, which is obtained by first blending cis-1,4-dimethyl-1-propene rubber and eucommia ulmoides gum to form a blended rubber, and then vulcanizing the blended rubber. When the amount of eucommia ulmoides gum used is relatively low, cis-1,4-dimethyl-1-propene rubber and eucommia ulmoides gum have excellent compatibility, allowing their molecules to interact with each other and their molecular chains to entangle with each other. The polymer elastic layer has stronger wear resistance than ordinary rubber, which can extend the service life of the particles. Its elastic modulus and stiffness are also much lower than those of traditional metal materials. Therefore, during a collision, under the same impulse conditions, the collision time of the polymer elastic layer is longer, thereby reducing the collision force and effectively reducing the noise generated during the collision. In addition, due to the different elastic moduli of the foamed ceramic core and the polymer elastic layer, different strains will occur when the same stress acts on the interface between the two materials, resulting in relative strain and additional energy consumption, which can effectively change the damping value of the particles.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above, wherein the preparation method comprises:

[0020] Step (1): uniformly mixing waste slag powder and a tempering material with a foaming agent to obtain a mixture; performing compression molding on the mixture to form a green body; and then performing high-temperature sintering on the green body to obtain a foamed ceramic core;

[0021] Step (2): adding dopamine and an oxidant to a Tris buffer solution, heating the solution to polymerize the dopamine to obtain a polydopamine solution, placing the foamed ceramic core in the polydopamine solution to deposit the polydopamine on the foamed ceramic core to form a polydopamine-modified layer, and obtaining a polydopamine-modified foamed ceramic;

[0022] Step (3): Blending butadiene rubber and eucommia gum to obtain a blended rubber, adding the blended rubber to a vulcanizing agent, an organic solvent and a vulcanizing agent and mixing evenly to obtain a slurry; immersing polydopamine-modified foamed ceramics in the slurry and drying the mixture to obtain an impregnated ceramic, and then vulcanizing the impregnated ceramic to obtain the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles.

[0023] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above of the present invention, in step (1), the raw material formula is designed according to the weight content of SiO2 in the raw materials being ≤55%, the weight content of Al2O3 being ≤14%, and the remainder being other components (such as Fe2O3 and CaO, etc.), and waste slag powder and tempering material are selected as raw materials and are uniformly mixed with the foaming agent.

[0024] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, in step (1), the waste slag powder includes slag powder, steel slag powder, etc.

[0025] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (1), the tempering material includes bauxite powder and silica fume;

[0026] Preferably, the specific surface areas of the waste slag powder and bauxite powder are 300-400m 2 / kg.

[0027] When the basic raw material is waste slag powder, and the tempering material includes bauxite powder and silica fume, the silica fume is calculated as SiO2, the bauxite powder is calculated as Al2O3, and the waste slag powder is calculated as SiO2 and Al2O3. The raw material formula is designed according to the weight content of SiO2 in the raw materials being ≤55%, the weight content of Al2O3 being ≤14%, and the rest being other components. Waste slag powder, bauxite powder and silica fume are selected as raw materials and are evenly mixed with the foaming agent.

[0028] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (1), the amount of the foaming agent is 0.4-2%, based on the total weight of the waste residue powder and the tempering material being 100%.

[0029] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, in step (1), the foaming agent includes silicon carbide and / or calcium carbonate.

[0030] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (1), the compression molding pressure is 3-5 MPa. In step (1), a mold having a certain shape can be selected according to the target shape of the foamed ceramic core, and the mixture is poured into the mold having the certain shape to compression mold the mixture into a green body.

[0031] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (1), the high-temperature sintering is sintering at 1190-1300° C. for 0.5-1.5 h; preferably, the heating rate of the high-temperature sintering is 5-10° C. / min.

[0032] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, in step (2), the temperature is raised to 40-55° C. to polymerize dopamine to obtain a polydopamine solution with a concentration of 1-2 mg / mL.

[0033] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, in step (2), the deposition time is 15-24 hours.

[0034] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, step (2) further includes: during the deposition process, adding dopamine and an oxidant to the polydopamine solution every 1-2 hours to ensure that the concentration of polydopamine is 1-2 mg / mL, thereby increasing the deposition rate of the polydopamine modified layer.

[0035] In step (2) of the preparation method described above, the oxidant is used to rapidly induce a polymerization reaction of dopamine to obtain polydopamine. The present invention does not impose specific requirements on the specific substance and amount of the oxidant. The specific substance of the oxidant can be reasonably selected and the amount of the oxidant can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual needs of the on-site operation. For example, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the molar ratio of the oxidant to dopamine is 0.1-0.6:1, and the oxidant includes KMnO4, etc.

[0036] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (3), based on the total weight of 100% of butadiene rubber and eucommia gum, the amount of 100% of butadiene rubber is 70%-90%, and the rest is eucommia gum.

[0037] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, in step (3), the blending temperature is 60-65° C. and the blending time is 20-30 min.

[0038] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, step (3) further includes separately masticating the butadiene rubber and eucommia gum before blending them, wherein the temperature of the roller is 68-72° C. and the time is 20-30 min.

[0039] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (3), an auxiliary agent may be added during the blending process. The auxiliary agent is a conventional auxiliary agent used in the art. The type of auxiliary agent to be used and the specific substance of the auxiliary agent can be reasonably selected according to the actual needs of the on-site operation, and the amount of the auxiliary agent can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual needs of the on-site operation. For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary agent includes a common accelerator, an oxidant, etc.

[0040] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, in step (3), the amounts of the blended rubber, the organic solvent, and the vulcanizing agent are 80-100 parts by weight, 120-150 parts by weight, and 1-5 parts by weight, respectively. The present invention does not make specific requirements on the organic solvent and the vulcanizing agent used in step (3), and they can be reasonably selected according to the actual needs of the on-site operation. For example, in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the organic solvent can be toluene, etc., and the vulcanizing agent can be sulfur, etc.

[0041] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above, step (3) further comprises: repeatedly immersing the impregnated ceramic into the slurry and then drying, wherein the number of repetitions is ≥1;

[0042] Preferably, the immersion time is 20-30 seconds, and the drying is performed at 40-50° C. for 10-15 minutes.

[0043] As a specific embodiment of the above preparation method of the present invention, in step (3), the vulcanization is performed at 120-170° C. for 30-60 minutes.

[0044] As a specific embodiment of the preparation method described above in the present invention, the preparation method further includes step (4): according to the design shape of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles, the surface of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles obtained in step (3) is polished to remove excess burrs to obtain the target product.

[0045] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a particle damper filled with the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles described above.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention include:

[0047] Starting from the source of noise, the surface elastic layer of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention is a polymer elastic layer, which is obtained by first blending butadiene rubber and eucommia gum to obtain a blended rubber, and then vulcanizing the blended rubber. The polymer elastic layer can effectively reduce the collision force during the collision process and prolong the action time of the collision force, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing noise while reducing vibration and improving the service life of the particles; and the coating of the polymer elastic layer is beneficial to protecting the internal foamed ceramic core from damage and avoiding direct collision between ceramics.

[0048] From the perspective of noise absorption, the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention use foamed ceramics as the particle core. When sound is transmitted to the porous structure of the foamed ceramics, the sound energy can be converted into heat energy, etc., causing the sound waves to attenuate, thereby achieving the purpose of sound absorption.

[0049] The middle layer of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention is a polydopamine-modified layer, that is, the surface of the foamed ceramic core is modified using polydopamine, which can reduce the inorganic properties of the foamed ceramic surface and improve the bonding performance between the foamed ceramic core and the high molecular polymer elastic layer, thereby ensuring the good application of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles under collision environment conditions.

[0050] The foamed ceramic core of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention is prepared from waste slag through foaming treatment, so that the present invention also has the advantage of waste resource utilization and provides a new path for the resource utilization of waste slag such as steel slag.

[0051] In addition, compared with traditional single particles, the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided by the present invention can generate additional energy consumption due to the presence of composite interfaces therein, thereby increasing energy consumption pathways. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0054] Description of main figures:

[0055] 1 is a high molecular polymer elastic layer;

[0056] 2 is a polydopamine modified layer;

[0057] 3 is the foamed ceramic core;

[0058] 3-1 is the opening;

[0059] 3-2 is a closed pore. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] It should be noted that the term "comprise" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatus.

[0061] The "range" disclosed in the present invention is given in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit. It can be one or more lower limits, and one or more upper limits respectively. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit. The selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundaries of a particular range. All ranges defined in this way are combinable, i.e., any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, a range of 60-120 and 80-110 is listed for a particular parameter, and it is understood that a range of 60-110 and 80-120 is also expected. In addition, if the minimum range values listed are 1 and 2, and the maximum range values listed are 3, 4, and 5, then the following ranges can all be expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5.

[0062] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "ab" is an abbreviation for any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" indicates that all real numbers between "0-5" are listed in this invention, and "0-5" is merely an abbreviation for these numerical combinations.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and preferred embodiments mentioned in the present invention can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all technical features and preferred features mentioned in the present invention can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0065] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all steps mentioned herein may be performed sequentially or randomly, but are preferably performed sequentially. For example, the method comprising steps (a) and (b) indicates that the method may comprise steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or may comprise steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, the method further comprising step (c) indicates that step (c) may be added to the method in any order, for example, the method may comprise steps (a), (b) and (c), or may comprise steps (a), (c) and (b), or may comprise steps (c), (a) and (b), etc.

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the attached table, drawings and examples. The following embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This embodiment provides a composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle, which is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following specific steps:

[0069] 1. Preparation of foamed ceramic core, i.e. foaming of waste residue:

[0070] (1) Provide raw materials:

[0071] Basic material (steel slag), tempering material (bauxite and silica fume), foaming material (silicon carbide + calcium carbonate);

[0072] (2) Crushing and grinding:

[0073] The steel slag and bauxite were crushed, dried in a drying oven, and then ground into powders with a specific surface area of 400m2 by dry ball milling. 2 / kg, and obtain steel slag powder and bauxite powder, which are dried for later use.

[0074] (3) Raw material mixing:

[0075] The selected steel slag micropowder accounts for 19wt% of SiO2 and 3wt% of Al2O3; the bauxite micropowder accounts for 90wt% of Al2O3; the silica ash accounts for 98wt%; based on the total weight of the raw materials as 100%, it contains 50% steel slag micropowder, 10% bauxite micropowder and 40% silica ash in a mass ratio. At this time, the SiO2 content in the raw materials is 48.7%, and the Al2O3 content is 10.5%. The raw materials and the foaming agent (silicon carbide + calcium carbonate, the mass ratio of the two is 1:1) accounting for 1% of the total weight of the raw materials are poured into a mixing tank at the same time and mixed until the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. The mass ratio of each material in the formula is determined according to the specific chemical composition content of the material.

[0076] (4) Compression molding:

[0077] A certain mass of the mixture is weighed, and a plasticizer (such as water) is added thereto to make it plastic. The mixture is then poured into a spherical mold and molded at a pressure of 4 MPa to form a green body.

[0078] (5) Sintering foaming:

[0079] The green body is placed in a high-temperature furnace for sintering. The furnace is heated at a rate of 10°C / min to 1250°C and kept at this temperature for 1 hour. After sintering, it is cooled to room temperature and taken out to obtain a foamed ceramic core.

[0080] 2. Modification of foamed ceramics:

[0081] (1) Modifying fluid preparation:

[0082] Dopamine and KMnO4 oxidant were slowly added to the Tris buffer solution, and the molar ratio of KMnO4 oxidant to dopamine was 0.4:1. The reaction temperature of the solution was controlled at 50°C, and the system was fully mixed to prepare a polydopamine solution with a concentration of 2 mg / mL, i.e., the modified solution.

[0083] (2) Surface modification:

[0084] The foamed ceramic core is placed in the modification liquid and the container is slowly shaken to allow polydopamine to be deposited on the foamed ceramic core to form a polydopamine modified layer. The deposition time is 20 hours. During the deposition process, dopamine and KMnO4 oxidant are added to the modification liquid every 1.5 hours to ensure the concentration of polydopamine, increase the film deposition rate, prepare modified ceramics, and ensure that the film thickness of the foamed ceramic surface is 1 μm to obtain polydopamine-modified foamed ceramics.

[0085] 3. Elastic layer bonding:

[0086] (1) Preparation of blended rubber:

[0087] The butadiene rubber and eucommia gum are plasticized separately, the roller temperature is controlled at 70°C, and the time is 25 minutes; then they are blended, the butadiene rubber content is 80%, and the rest is eucommia gum, the blending temperature is controlled at 60°C, and the time is 25 minutes. During the blending process, auxiliary agents accounting for 5% of the total weight of the blended rubber are added, and the auxiliary agents include accelerator TMTD, oxidant (zinc oxide) and antioxidant butyl. After the blending is completed, the blended rubber is obtained.

[0088] (2) Preparation of glue:

[0089] 130 parts by weight of toluene solvent was put into a container for preparing the mortar, and then 90 parts by weight of the blended rubber and 3 parts by weight of sulfur were added thereto. The mixture was stirred uniformly with a stirrer at a speed of 75 r / min for 9 hours to prepare the mortar.

[0090] (3) Ceramic dipping:

[0091] The polydopamine-modified foamed ceramic was immersed in the slurry and kept for 25 seconds, then dried in a heated atmosphere at 45°C for 10 minutes, and the dipping process was repeated for a total of 3 times. After the dipping was completed, the impregnated ceramic was obtained.

[0092] (4) Vulcanization drying:

[0093] The impregnated ceramics were placed in a heating furnace, kept at a temperature of 150°C for 45 minutes, and then vulcanized and dried to obtain composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles.

[0094] (5) Surface polishing

[0095] Remove excess burrs and grind into a spherical shape with a diameter of 5mm.

[0096] The cross-sectional view of the composite vibration and noise reduction particles obtained in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, from Figure 1 As can be seen from the figure, the composite vibration and noise reduction particles include, from the inside to the outside, a foamed ceramic (foamed steel slag ceramic) core 3, a polydopamine modified layer 2, and a polymer elastic layer (natural rubber elastic layer) 1. The polydopamine modified layer 2 is coated on the outer surface of the foamed ceramic core 3, and the polymer elastic layer 1 is coated on the outer surface of the polydopamine modified layer 2. The foamed ceramic core 3 contains openings 3-1 on the surface and closed pores 3-2 inside.

[0097] Among them, based on the total weight of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles as 100%, the content of the foamed ceramic core 3 is 70%, the content of the high molecular polymer elastic layer 1 is 30%, and the weight of the polydopamine modified layer 2 is negligible, but its thickness is 1 μm.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] This comparative example provides a composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle. The preparation method thereof differs from that of Example 1 only in the preparation of the ceramic core. The preparation method of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle comprises:

[0100] 1. Preparation of ceramic core:

[0101] (1) Provide raw materials:

[0102] Basic materials (steel slag), tempering materials (bauxite and silica fume).

[0103] (2) Crushing and grinding:

[0104] The steel slag and bauxite were crushed and then dried in a drying oven. The raw materials were ground to a specific surface area of 400m 2 / kg, and obtain steel slag powder and bauxite powder, which are dried for later use.

[0105] (3) Raw material mixing:

[0106] The selected steel slag micropowder accounts for 19wt% of SiO2 and 3wt% of Al2O3; the bauxite micropowder accounts for 90wt% of Al2O3; the silica ash accounts for 98wt%; based on the total weight of the raw materials as 100%, it contains 50% steel slag micropowder, 10% bauxite micropowder and 40% silica ash in a mass ratio. At this time, the SiO2 content in the raw materials is 48.7%, and the Al2O3 content is 10.5%. The raw materials are poured into a mixing tank and mixed until they are evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. The mass ratio of each material in the formula is determined according to the specific chemical composition content of the material.

[0107] (4) Compression molding:

[0108] A certain mass of the mixture is weighed, and a plasticizer (such as water) is added thereto to make it plastic. The mixture is then poured into a spherical mold and molded at a pressure of 4 MPa to form a green body.

[0109] (5) Sintering:

[0110] The green body was placed in a high-temperature furnace for sintering. The temperature of the furnace was raised at a rate of 10°C / min to 1250°C and kept at that temperature for 1 hour. After sintering, it was cooled to room temperature and taken out to obtain a ceramic core.

[0111] 2. Ceramic core modification:

[0112] (1) Modification fluid preparation:

[0113] Dopamine and KMnO4 oxidant were slowly added to the Tris buffer solution, and the molar ratio of KMnO4 oxidant to dopamine was 0.4:1. The reaction temperature of the solution was controlled at 50°C, and the system was fully mixed to prepare a polydopamine solution with a concentration of 2 mg / mL, i.e., the modified solution.

[0114] (2) Surface modification:

[0115] The ceramic core was placed in the modification liquid and the container was slowly shaken to allow polydopamine to be deposited on the ceramic core to form a polydopamine modification layer. The deposition time was 20 hours. During the deposition process, dopamine and KMnO4 oxidant were added to the modification liquid every 1.5 hours to ensure the concentration of polydopamine, increase the film deposition rate, prepare modified ceramics, ensure that the film thickness of the foamed ceramic surface is 1 μm, and obtain a polydopamine-modified ceramic core.

[0116] 3. Elastic layer bonding:

[0117] (1) Preparation of blended rubber:

[0118] The butadiene rubber and eucommia gum are plasticized separately, the roller temperature is controlled at 70°C, and the time is 25 minutes; then they are blended, the butadiene rubber content is 80%, and the rest is eucommia gum, the blending temperature is controlled at 60°C, and the time is 25 minutes. During the blending process, auxiliary agents accounting for 5% of the total weight of the blended rubber are added, and the auxiliary agents include accelerator TMTD, oxidant (zinc oxide) and antioxidant butyl. After the blending is completed, the blended rubber is obtained.

[0119] (2) Preparation of glue:

[0120] 130 parts by weight of toluene solvent was put into a container for preparing the mortar, and then 90 parts by weight of the blended rubber and 3 parts by weight of sulfur were added thereto. The mixture was stirred uniformly with a stirrer at a speed of 75 r / min for 9 hours to prepare the mortar.

[0121] (3) Ceramic dipping:

[0122] The polydopamine-modified ceramic core was immersed in the slurry and kept for 25 seconds, then dried in a heated atmosphere at 45°C for 10 minutes, and the dipping process was repeated for a total of 3 times. After the dipping was completed, the impregnated ceramic was obtained.

[0123] (4) Vulcanization drying:

[0124] The impregnated ceramics were placed in a heating furnace, kept at a temperature of 150°C for 45 minutes, and then vulcanized and dried to obtain composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles.

[0125] (5) Surface polishing

[0126] Remove excess burrs and grind into a spherical shape with a diameter of 5mm.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] This comparative example provides a composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particle. The preparation method thereof differs from that of Example 1 only in the preparation of the modified layer. In Comparative Example 2, the modified layer is omitted, and the ceramic core is directly connected to the elastic layer. The preparation method comprises:

[0129] 1. Preparation of foamed ceramic core, i.e. foaming of waste residue:

[0130] (1) Provide raw materials:

[0131] Basic material (steel slag), tempering material (bauxite and silica fume), foaming material (silicon carbide + calcium carbonate);

[0132] (2) Crushing and grinding:

[0133] The steel slag and bauxite were crushed, dried in a drying oven, and then ground into powders with a specific surface area of 400m2 by dry ball milling. 2 / kg, and obtain steel slag powder and bauxite powder, which are dried for later use.

[0134] (3) Raw material mixing:

[0135] The selected steel slag micropowder accounts for 19wt% of SiO2 and 3wt% of Al2O3; the bauxite micropowder accounts for 90wt% of Al2O3; the silica ash accounts for 98wt%; based on the total weight of the raw materials as 100%, it contains 50% steel slag micropowder, 10% bauxite micropowder and 40% silica ash in a mass ratio. At this time, the SiO2 content in the raw materials is 48.7%, and the Al2O3 content is 10.5%. The raw materials and the foaming agent (silicon carbide + calcium carbonate, the mass ratio of the two is 1:1) accounting for 1% of the total weight of the raw materials are poured into a mixing tank at the same time and mixed until the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. The mass ratio of each material in the formula is determined according to the specific chemical composition content of the material.

[0136] (4) Compression molding:

[0137] A certain mass of the mixture is weighed, and a plasticizer (such as water) is added thereto to make it plastic. The mixture is then poured into a spherical mold and molded at a pressure of 4 MPa to form a green body.

[0138] (5) Sintering foaming:

[0139] The green body is placed in a high-temperature furnace for sintering. The furnace is heated at a rate of 10°C / min to 1250°C and kept at this temperature for 1 hour. After sintering, it is cooled to room temperature and taken out to obtain a foamed ceramic core.

[0140] 2. Elastic layer bonding:

[0141] (1) Preparation of blended rubber:

[0142] The butadiene rubber and eucommia gum are plasticized separately, the roller temperature is controlled at 70°C, and the time is 25 minutes; then they are blended, the butadiene rubber content is 80%, and the rest is eucommia gum, the blending temperature is controlled at 60°C, and the time is 25 minutes. During the blending process, auxiliary agents accounting for 5% of the total weight of the blended rubber are added, and the auxiliary agents include accelerator TMTD, oxidant (zinc oxide) and antioxidant butyl. After the blending is completed, the blended rubber is obtained.

[0143] (2) Preparation of glue:

[0144] 130 parts by weight of toluene solvent was put into a container for preparing the mortar, and then 90 parts by weight of the blended rubber and 3 parts by weight of sulfur were added thereto. The mixture was stirred uniformly with a stirrer at a speed of 75 r / min for 9 hours to prepare the mortar.

[0145] (3) Ceramic dipping:

[0146] The foamed ceramic core was directly immersed in the slurry and kept for 25 seconds, then dried in a heated atmosphere at 45°C for 10 minutes, and the dipping process was repeated for a total of 3 times. After the dipping was completed, the impregnated ceramic was obtained.

[0147] (4) Vulcanization drying:

[0148] The impregnated ceramics were placed in a heating furnace, kept at a temperature of 150°C for 45 minutes, and then vulcanized and dried to obtain composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles.

[0149] (5) Surface polishing

[0150] Remove excess burrs and grind into a spherical shape with a diameter of 5mm.

[0151] After preparation, significant delamination was observed between the polymer elastic layer and the foamed ceramic core, rendering the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles unusable. Comparing the results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 demonstrates that surface modification of the foamed ceramic core using polydopamine in this embodiment of the present invention reduces the inorganic properties of the foamed ceramic surface and improves the bonding between the foamed ceramic core and the polymer elastic layer, thereby ensuring the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles can function effectively in collision environments.

[0152] Test Example 1

[0153] This test example performs performance tests on the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Example 1, the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Comparative Example 1, and conventional steel balls, all of which have a diameter of 5 mm, including the following specific steps:

[0154] The composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Example 1, the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Comparative Example 1, and conventional steel balls were respectively placed in a cantilever beam structure fixed on a vibration test bench, and a vibration frequency of 20 Hz and an acceleration of 3 g were applied to the vibration test bench to measure the vibration reduction effect of the particles and the noise generated under a filling rate of 90%. The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0155] Table 1

[0156] Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Conventional steel balls density <![CDATA[0.9g / cm 3 ]]> <![CDATA[1.4g / cm 3 ]]> <![CDATA[7g / cm 3 ]]> noise 45db 60db 75db Vibration reduction effect 45％-50％ 40％-45％ 50％-55％

[0157] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with conventional steel balls, the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Example 1 of the present invention, i.e., the foamed ceramic composite vibration-damping particles, can significantly reduce noise by about 40%, and can ensure a good vibration-damping effect. At the same time, it can also realize the resource utilization of industrial waste slag. The composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles provided in Comparative Example 1, i.e., the unfoamed ceramic composite vibration-damping particles, can also reduce particle noise, but the effect is not as good as the foamed ceramic composite particles provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0158] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, substitutions of equivalent components, or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of patent protection, should still fall within the scope of this patent. Furthermore, the technical features of this invention may be freely combined with one another, with other technical inventions, and with other technical inventions.

Claims

1. A composite vibration and noise reduction particle, characterized in that: The composite vibration and noise reduction particles comprise, from the inside out, a foamed ceramic core, a polydopamine modified layer, and a high molecular polymer elastic layer, wherein the polydopamine modified layer is coated on the outer surface of the foamed ceramic core, and the high molecular polymer elastic layer is coated on the outer surface of the polydopamine modified layer; The high molecular polymer elastic layer is obtained by blending and vulcanizing butadiene rubber and eucommia ulmoides gum as raw materials; Taking the total weight of the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles as 100%, the content of the foamed ceramic core is 50%-90%, and the content of the high molecular polymer elastic layer is 10%-50%.

2. The composite vibration and noise reduction particle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foamed ceramic core contains openings on the surface and closed pores inside.

3. The composite vibration and noise reduction particle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Taking the total weight of the foamed ceramic core as 100%, the content of SiO2 in the foamed ceramic core is ≤55%, and the content of Al2O3 is ≤14%.

4. The composite vibration and noise reduction particle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the polydopamine modified layer is 0.01-20 μm.

5. The method for preparing the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Step (1): uniformly mixing waste slag powder and a tempering material with a foaming agent to obtain a mixture; performing compression molding on the mixture to form a green body; and then performing high-temperature sintering on the green body to obtain a foamed ceramic core; Step (2): adding dopamine and an oxidant to a Tris buffer solution, heating the solution to polymerize the dopamine to obtain a polydopamine solution, placing the foamed ceramic core in the polydopamine solution to deposit the polydopamine on the foamed ceramic core to form a polydopamine-modified layer, and obtaining a polydopamine-modified foamed ceramic; Step (3): Blending butadiene rubber and eucommia gum to obtain a blended rubber, uniformly mixing the blended rubber, a vulcanizing agent, and an organic solvent to obtain a slurry; immersing polydopamine-modified foamed ceramics in the slurry and drying the slurry to obtain an impregnated ceramic, and then vulcanizing the impregnated ceramic to obtain the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step (1), the raw material formula is designed according to the weight content of SiO2 in the raw materials being ≤55%, the weight content of Al2O3 being ≤14%, and the rest being other components. Waste slag powder and tempering material are selected as raw materials and are uniformly mixed with the foaming agent.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the tempering material includes bauxite powder and silica fume.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the specific surface area of the waste residue powder is 300-400m 2 / kg.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The specific surface area of the bauxite powder is 300-400m 2 / kg.

10. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the amount of the foaming agent is 0.4-2%, based on the total weight of the waste residue powder and the tempering material as 100%.

11. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The foaming agent includes silicon carbide and / or calcium carbonate.

12. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the compression molding pressure is 3-5 MPa.

13. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the high-temperature sintering is sintering at 1190-1300° C. for 0.5-1.5 hours.

14. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that The heating rate of the high temperature sintering is 5-10°C / min.

15. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step (2), the temperature is raised to 40-55° C. to polymerize dopamine to obtain a polydopamine solution with a concentration of 1-2 mg / mL.

16. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 15, characterized in that: In step (2), the deposition time is 15-24 hours.

17. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 15, characterized in that: Step (2) further includes: during the deposition process, adding dopamine and an oxidant to the polydopamine solution every 1-2 hours to ensure the concentration of polydopamine and increase the deposition rate of the polydopamine modified layer.

18. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step (3), Based on the total weight of 100% of the butadiene rubber and eucommia gum, the amount of the butadiene rubber is 70%-90%, and the rest is eucommia gum.

19. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 18, characterized in that: In step (3), the blending temperature is 60-65° C. and the blending time is 20-30 min.

20. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 18, characterized in that: In step (3), the amounts of the blended rubber, the organic solvent and the vulcanizing agent are 80-100 parts by weight, 120-150 parts by weight and 1-5 parts by weight, respectively.

21. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 18, characterized in that: Step (3) further includes: repeatedly immersing the impregnated ceramic into the slurry and then drying it, wherein the number of repetitions is ≥1.

22. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 18, characterized in that: The immersion time is 20-30 seconds, and the drying is performed at 40-50° C. for 10-15 minutes.

23. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 18, characterized in that: In step (3), the vulcanization is performed at 120-170° C. for 30-60 minutes.

24. A particle damper, characterized in that: The interior of the particle damper is filled with the composite vibration-damping and noise-reducing particles according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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