A cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device

Abstract

The application discloses a cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device, and relates to the technical field of laser cladding, to solve the problem of inconvenient adjustment of the powder focus length of the cladding nozzle. The cladding nozzle comprises an outer cylinder with a second conical end, the outer cylinder is sleeved outside an inner cylinder, a powder feeding cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the second conical end is provided with a plurality of slits in communication with the powder feeding cavity. A plurality of powder feeding tubes are in communication with the powder feeding cavity. A plurality of elastic sheets are arranged outside the second conical end and correspond to the positions of the slits. An adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected with the outer cylinder and is sleeved outside the second conical end, the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve abuts against the elastic sheets, and the adjusting sleeve can adjust the angle of the elastic sheets relative to the axial inclination when the adjusting sleeve moves along the laser channel. By rotating the adjusting sleeve, the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve contacts the elastic sheets, the angle of the elastic sheets is changed, the powder in the powder feeding cavity is sprayed from the slits along the direction of the elastic sheets, the powder feeding angle is changed correspondingly, the adjustment of the powder focus length is completed, and the operation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cladding technology, specifically to a cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding refers to a process in which a selected coating material is placed on the surface of a substrate using different feeding methods. This material is then irradiated with a laser, causing both the coating material and a thin layer on the substrate surface to melt simultaneously and solidify rapidly. This results in a surface coating with extremely low dilution and a metallurgical bond with the substrate, significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, and electrical properties of the substrate surface. This achieves surface modification or repair, satisfying specific performance requirements for the material surface while conserving significant amounts of valuable elements. However, because the workpieces being repaired vary in shape and depth, using a coaxial annular powder feeding method for cladding requires replacing and reassembling nozzles with different powder coke lengths. Each nozzle replacement necessitates recalibrating parameters, making the adjustment of the powder coke length of the cladding nozzle quite inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device for conveniently adjusting the powder coke length of the cladding nozzle.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cladding nozzle, comprising:

[0006] The inner cylinder has a first conical end and a laser channel is provided inside, which is used to allow the laser to pass through;

[0007] The outer cylinder has a second conical end and is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. An annular powder feeding cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The second conical end has multiple slits distributed along the circumferential direction. The slits extend along the generatrix of the second conical end and are connected to the powder feeding cavity.

[0008] Multiple powder feeding pipes are installed on the outer cylinder, and the powder feeding end of each powder feeding pipe is connected to the powder feeding chamber;

[0009] Multiple elastic plates are arranged circumferentially on the outside of the second conical end. The positions of the elastic plates and the gaps are set one-to-one. One end of the elastic plate is fixedly connected to the end of the outer cylinder away from the second conical end. The other end of the elastic plate can move closer to and away from the gap along the radial direction of the second conical end.

[0010] The adjusting sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the second conical end. The adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder. The inner wall of the adjusting sleeve abuts against the elastic plate. The adjusting sleeve can adjust the angle of inclination of the elastic plate relative to the axial direction of the laser channel as it moves along the axial direction of the laser channel.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the outer cylinder includes:

[0012] The powder feeding section has a second conical end;

[0013] The cooling section is connected to the end of the powder feeding section away from the second conical end, and is used to cool the powder feeding chamber.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the cooling section is welded to the end of the powder feeding section away from the second conical end;

[0015] Alternatively, the cooling section and the powder feeding section can be integrally molded.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the cooling section is provided with an annular cooling chamber, which is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and is arranged around the powder feeding chamber. The annular cooling chamber is used to inject coolant.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the cooling section includes:

[0018] The shell has an arc-shaped groove on the side away from the powder feeding section;

[0019] A sealing element is provided at the opening of the arc-shaped groove;

[0020] A cover plate is placed on the side of the housing with an arc-shaped groove. The cover plate and the arc-shaped groove form an annular cooling cavity. The cover plate is used to seal the annular cooling cavity through a sealing element.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the coverage area of ​​the elastic sheet is larger than the area of ​​the slit.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the elastic sheet is a strip-shaped sheet or a conical sheet;

[0023] And / or, the gap is triangular or strip-shaped.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the adjusting sleeve is provided with an annular groove, and the cladding nozzle also includes balls. The balls are closely arranged in the annular groove along the circumferential direction of the second conical end. The balls are used to adjust the rolling contact between the adjusting sleeve and the elastic sheet.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cladding nozzle, the outer wall of the adjusting sleeve is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a laser cladding device, comprising: a robotic arm, a laser generator, a laser head, a powder feeding tube, a powder feeding mechanism, and a cladding nozzle, characterized in that the cladding nozzle is a cladding nozzle as described above, the cladding nozzle, the laser generator, and the powder feeding mechanism are all disposed on the robotic arm, the laser generator is connected to the laser head, the laser head is connected to the end of the inner cylinder away from the conical end, and the powder feeding mechanism is connected to the end of the powder feeding tube away from the powder feeding end.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, when using the above technical solution, the operator moves the adjusting sleeve to rotate around the outer cylinder. As the adjusting sleeve moves axially along the outer cylinder toward the outlet end away from the second conical end (i.e., upwards), the contact force between the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve and the elastic plate gradually increases. At this time, the elastic plate is subjected to radial pressure, causing it to contract radially toward the second conical end. The tilt angle of the elastic plate relative to the axial direction of the laser channel increases. The adjustment of the powder feeding angle of the powder feeding tube is completed by rotating the adjusting sleeve. At this time, powder is fed into multiple powder feeding tubes, and the powder is sprayed into the annular powder feeding cavity and transported to multiple... At each gap, influenced by the force of the spray, the powder diffuses outward along the gap. Reaching the elastic plate, it is blocked by the elastic plate and sprayed outward along the inner wall of the elastic plate near the powder feeding cavity towards the outlet. The powder converges at the same point on the extension of the laser channel axis, forming a powder spot. The perpendicular distance between the powder spot and the outlet end of the cladding nozzle along the laser channel axis is the powder coke. When the elastic plate contracts towards the outlet end near the second conical end to contact and adhere to the second conical end of the outer cylinder, the powder feeding angle is larger, the powder coke length is shorter, and the powder spot formed at the same point on the extension of the laser channel axis is smaller. When the adjusting sleeve moves towards the outlet end near the second conical end of the outer cylinder... As the outlet end near the second conical end moves downwards, the contact force between the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve and the elastic plate gradually decreases. At this time, the pressure on the elastic plate gradually decreases, and it expands radially away from the outlet end of the second conical end due to elastic force. The tilt angle of the elastic plate relative to the axial direction of the laser channel decreases. The powder feeding angle of the powder feeding tube is adjusted by rotating the adjusting sleeve. Powder is then fed into multiple powder feeding tubes. The powder is sprayed into the annular powder feeding cavity and transported to multiple slits. Under the influence of the spraying force, the powder diffuses outwards along the slits, reaching the elastic plate, where it is blocked by the elastic plate. The powder is ejected along the inner wall of the elastic sheet near the powder feeding cavity towards the outlet, and converges at the same point on the extension line of the laser channel axis to form a powder spot. When the elastic sheet expands towards the outlet end away from the second conical end, the powder feeding angle is smaller and the powder coke length is longer. The powder spot formed at the same point on the extension line of the laser channel axis is larger. The powder feeding angle of multiple powder feeding tubes can be adjusted synchronously by rotating the adjusting sleeve. Compared with the existing method of replacing and disassembling nozzles with different powder coke lengths to adjust the powder coke length, this application only requires rotating the adjusting sleeve to adjust the powder coke length, without the need for disassembly and replacement, which is convenient for adjustment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cladding nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a cladding nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of a cladding nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of a cladding nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1-Inner cylinder; 11-Laser channel; 2-Outer cylinder; 21-Powder feeding section; 22-Cooling section; 221-Shell; 222-Sealing element; 223-Cover plate; 224-Water inlet; 225-Water outlet; 3-Powder feeding pipe; 31-Powder feeding end; 4-Elastic sheet; 5-Adjusting sleeve; 6-Powder feeding cavity; 7-Gap; 8-Ball; 9-Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problems, solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cladding nozzle, comprising: an inner cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 2, multiple powder feeding pipes 3, multiple elastic plates 4, and an adjusting sleeve 5.

[0041] The inner cylinder 1 has a first conical end and a laser channel 11 is provided inside for the laser to pass through. The outer cylinder 2 has a second conical end and is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder 1, forming an annular powder feeding cavity 6 between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 1. The second conical end has multiple slits 7 distributed along the circumferential direction, extending along the generatrix of the second conical end, and communicating with the powder feeding cavity 6. Multiple powder feeding pipes 3 are provided on the outer cylinder 2, and the powder feeding end 31 of each powder feeding pipe 3 is connected to the powder feeding cavity 6. Multiple elastic sheets 4 are arranged along the circumferential direction. The elastic plate 4 is positioned outside the second conical end, and the positions of the elastic plate 4 and the gap 7 are arranged one-to-one. One end of the elastic plate 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the outer cylinder 2 away from the second conical end. The other end of the elastic plate 4 can move closer to and away from the gap 7 along the radial direction of the second conical end. The adjusting sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outside of the second conical end. The adjusting sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder 2. The inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 5 abuts against the elastic plate 4. The adjusting sleeve 5 can adjust the angle of the elastic plate 4 relative to the axial tilt of the laser channel 11 during the process of moving along the axial direction of the laser channel 11.

[0042] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1As shown, the operator moves the adjusting sleeve 5, causing it to rotate around the outer cylinder 2. When the adjusting sleeve 5 moves along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 2 towards the outlet away from the second conical end (where the smaller end of the second conical end is the outlet), i.e., when moving upwards, the contact force between the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 5 and the elastic plate 4 gradually increases. At this time, the elastic plate 4 is subjected to radial pressure, causing it to contract radially towards the second conical end. The tilt angle of the elastic plate 4 relative to the axial direction of the laser channel 11 increases. The adjustment of the powder feeding angle of the powder feeding tube 3 is completed by rotating the adjusting sleeve 5. At this time, powder is fed into multiple powder feeding tubes 3, and the powder is sprayed into the annular powder feeding cavity 6 and conveyed to multiple slits. At point 7, influenced by the force of the spray, the powder diffuses outward along the gap 7, reaching the elastic plate 4. Blocked by the elastic plate 4, the powder is sprayed outward along the inner wall of the elastic plate 4 near the powder feeding chamber 6 towards the outlet, converging at the same point on the extension line of the laser channel 11 axis, forming a powder spot. The perpendicular distance between the powder spot and the outlet end of the cladding nozzle along the laser channel 11 axis is the powder coke. When the elastic plate 4 contracts towards the outlet near the second conical end until it contacts and adheres to the second conical end of the outer cylinder 2, the powder feeding angle is smaller. At this time, the outlet of the second conical end is smaller, the powder coke length is shorter, and the powder spot formed at the same point on the extension line of the laser channel 11 axis is smaller. When the adjusting sleeve 5 moves along... As the outer cylinder 2 moves axially toward the outlet near the second conical end, i.e. downwards, the contact force between the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 5 and the elastic plate 4 gradually decreases. At this time, the pressure on the elastic plate 4 gradually decreases, and it expands radially away from the outlet of the second conical end due to elastic force. The tilt angle of the elastic plate 4 relative to the axial direction of the laser channel 11 decreases. The powder feeding angle of the powder feeding tube 3 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting sleeve 5. Powder is then fed into multiple powder feeding tubes 3, sprayed into the annular powder feeding cavity 6, and transported to multiple gaps 7. Affected by the spraying force, the powder diffuses outwards along the gaps 7, reaching the elastic plate 4, where it is blocked by the elastic plate 4. The powder is ejected from the inner wall of the elastic sheet 4 near the powder feeding chamber 6 towards the outlet, and converges at the same point on the extension line of the laser channel 11 axis to form a powder spot. When the elastic sheet 4 expands towards the outlet direction away from the second conical end, the powder feeding angle is larger. At this time, the outlet of the second conical end becomes larger, the powder coke length is longer, and the powder spot formed at the same point on the extension line of the laser channel 11 axis is larger. By rotating the adjusting sleeve 5, the powder feeding angle of multiple powder feeding tubes 3 can be adjusted synchronously. Compared with the existing method of replacing and disassembling nozzles with different powder coke lengths to adjust the powder coke length, this application only needs to rotate the adjusting sleeve 5 to adjust the powder coke length, without the need for disassembly and replacement, which is convenient for adjustment operation.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer cylinder 2 includes a powder feeding section 21 and a cooling section 22. The powder feeding section 21 has a second conical end. The cooling section 22 is connected to the end of the powder feeding section 21 away from the second conical end, and the cooling section 22 is used to cool the powder feeding chamber 6.

[0044] During operation, the operator feeds metal powder into the powder feeding pipe 3 and simultaneously connects coolant to the cooling section 22. As the cladding nozzle operates, the coolant is continuously fed into the cooling section 22, forming a coolant circulation. The cooling section 22 comes into contact with the powder feeding chamber 6, physically cooling the powder feeding chamber 6 of the powder feeding section 21 during laser cladding operations, thus improving the powder feeding and cooling effect of the cladding nozzle.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling section 22 and the powder feeding section 21 are integrally formed, which makes it more convenient to manufacture the component structure and reduces the installation process of the cladding nozzle.

[0046] In other embodiments, the cooling section 22 is welded to the end of the powder feeding section 21 away from the second conical end, which ensures the stability of the structure when the cladding nozzle is working and facilitates installation.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in one possible implementation, a pressure plate 9 is provided at the end of the inner cylinder 1 away from the first conical end. One side of the pressure plate 9 contacts the end face of the outer cylinder 2 away from the second conical end. The pressure plate 9 is used to press and fix the cooling part 22, ensuring the sealing of the cooling part 22. The pressure plate 9 and the inner cylinder 1 can be connected by welding, threaded connection or other methods. The fixing method between the pressure plate 9 and the inner cylinder 1 is not specifically limited here. The pressure plate 9 and the inner cylinder 1 are welded together, which reduces the installation process of the cladding nozzle. The pressure plate 9 is threaded to the inner cylinder 1, which allows the placement position of the pressure plate 9 to be adjusted, making it convenient for the installation and disassembly of the pressure plate 9.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling section 22 is provided with an annular cooling cavity, which is provided with an inlet 224 and an outlet 225, and the annular cooling cavity is arranged around the powder feeding cavity 6. The annular cooling cavity is used to inject coolant.

[0049] During operation, the operator introduces coolant into the annular cooling chamber through the inlet 224. Once the annular cooling chamber is full of coolant, it flows out through the outlet 225. During the operation of the cladding nozzle, coolant is continuously introduced into the annular cooling chamber, forming a coolant circulation within the annular cooling chamber. This increases the contact area with the powder feeding chamber 6, physically cooling the powder feeding end 31 of the powder feeding chamber 6 during laser cladding operations, thus improving the powder feeding cooling effect of the cladding nozzle.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling section 22 includes: a housing 221, a seal 222, and a cover plate 223. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the housing 221 away from the powder feeding section 21; the seal 222 is disposed at the opening of the arc-shaped groove; the cover plate 223 covers the side of the housing 221 with the arc-shaped groove, and the cover plate 223 and the arc-shaped groove form an annular cooling cavity. The cover plate 223, through the seal 222, is used to seal the annular cooling cavity.

[0051] During operation, the operator introduces coolant into the annular cooling chamber of the housing 221 through the inlet 224. Once the housing 221 is full of coolant, it flows out through the outlet 225. During the operation of the cladding nozzle, coolant is continuously introduced into the housing 221, forming a coolant circulation within the annular cooling chamber, which increases the contact area between the housing 221 and the powder delivery chamber 6. When blockage occurs in the annular cooling chamber of the housing 221, the operator only needs to open the cover plate 223 and clean and maintain the annular cooling chamber through the arc groove on the housing 221, which facilitates disassembly and installation and improves the flexibility of the cladding nozzle. The end face of the cover plate 223 away from the annular cooling chamber contacts the pressure plate 9. The cover plate 223 and the pressure plate 9 are fixedly connected by fasteners. The pressure plate 9 is used to press and fix the cover plate 223, ensuring the sealing of the cooling section 22.

[0052] As one possible implementation, the cover plate 223 is provided with multiple fasteners, which are used to fix the cover plate 223 and the housing 221 together. The cover plate 223 and the housing 221 can also be fixedly connected by welding or other methods. No specific limitation is made on the connection method between the cover plate 223 and the housing 221. When the cover plate 223 and the housing 221 are fixedly connected by fasteners, 2 to 8 fasteners can be provided. For example, 2, 3, or 8 fasteners can be provided. No specific limit is made on the number of fasteners. The more fasteners, the better the sealing effect of the cooling section 22.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the coverage area of ​​the elastic sheet 4 is larger than the area of ​​the slit 7, which reduces the amount of powder in the powder feeding chamber 6 that splashes out of the slit 7 and moves away from the working area. When the metal powder is sprayed into the powder feeding chamber 6, it overflows from the slit 7 and is blocked by the elastic sheet 4 during its outward diffusion. Since the area of ​​the elastic sheet 4 is larger than the area of ​​the slit 7, it ensures that the elastic sheet 4 can block and guide most of the metal powder that diffuses onto the elastic sheet 4, thereby improving the utilization rate of the powder in the powder feeding chamber 6 and reducing the cost of using the cladding nozzle.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the elastic sheet 4 is a strip-shaped sheet or a cone-shaped sheet. The number of elastic sheets 4, corresponding one-to-one with the positions of the gaps 7, can be 2 to 10. For example, when there are 2 gaps 7, there can be 2 elastic sheets 4; when there are 5 gaps 7, there can be 5 elastic sheets 4; when there are 8 gaps 7, there can be 8 elastic sheets 4. The specific number of elastic sheets 4 is not limited here. The metal powder overflows from the gaps 7 and is blocked by multiple elastic sheets 4, changing its direction of movement, thereby adjusting the powder coke of the cladding nozzle and facilitating operation. The shape of the elastic sheet 4 can be cone-shaped, strip-shaped, or any other shape whose area can cover the gaps 7. The shape of the elastic sheet 4 is not specifically limited here; strip-shaped and cone-shaped sheets can both cover the gaps 7, blocking the metal powder overflowing from the gaps 7 and adjusting the powder feeding angle for convenient operation.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, specifically in this embodiment, the adjusting sleeve 5 has an annular groove inside, and the cladding nozzle also includes balls 8. The balls 8 are closely arranged in the annular groove along the circumferential direction of the second conical end. The balls 8 are used for the rolling contact between the adjusting sleeve 5 and the elastic plate 4. The annular groove of the adjusting sleeve 5 opens radially towards the center of the second conical end. The operator places the balls 8 one by one into the annular groove, so that the inner side of the adjusting sleeve 5 makes rolling contact with the elastic plate 4 through the balls 8, reducing wear between the adjusting sleeve 5 and the elastic plate 4 and extending the service life of the cladding nozzle.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, specifically in this embodiment, the slit 7 is triangular. There are 2 to 10 slits 7 spaced apart along the circumference of the second conical end. For example, the number of slits 7 can be 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, or 10, etc. The number of slits 7 is not specifically limited here. The more slits 7 there are, the more metal powder can overflow from multiple slits 7 and change its direction of movement due to the obstruction of the elastic sheet 4, thus achieving powder coke adjustment of the cladding nozzle and facilitating operation. The slits 7 are triangular, and the width of the slits 7 gradually decreases along the axial direction of the laser channel 11. This results in a larger width of the slits 7 near the powder feeding end 31 of the powder feeding tube 3 within the powder feeding cavity 6, and a smaller width of the slits 7 further away from the powder feeding end 31 of the powder feeding tube 3. This ensures that the metal powder can smoothly overflow from the slits 7 to the elastic sheet 4 to complete the adjustment of the powder feeding angle, improving the reliability of the cladding nozzle structure during operation.

[0057] In other embodiments, the slit 7 can be strip-shaped or other slit 7 shapes that allow metal powder to pass through. The shape of the slit 7 is not specifically limited here. Strip-shaped slits 7 are more convenient in the production and processing process.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the adjusting sleeve 5 is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction between the hand and the adjusting sleeve 5 when the adjusting sleeve 5 is turned, making it easier to operate.

[0059] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a laser cladding device, comprising: a robotic arm, a laser generator, a laser head, a powder feeding pipe 3, a powder feeding mechanism, and a cladding nozzle, characterized in that the cladding nozzle is a cladding nozzle as described above, the cladding nozzle, the laser generator, and the powder feeding mechanism are all disposed on the robotic arm, the laser generator is connected to the laser head, the laser head is connected to the end of the inner cylinder 1 away from the conical end, and the powder feeding mechanism is connected to the end of the powder feeding pipe 3 away from the powder feeding end 31.

[0060] During operation, the laser generator transmits the generated laser to the laser head, which passes through the laser channel 11 of the cladding nozzle. Simultaneously, the powder feeding mechanism feeds metal powder into the powder feeding pipe 3, which then ejects the powder into the powder feeding chamber 6. After being ejected along the powder feeding chamber 6, the powder converges at the same point on the extended axis of the laser channel 11, forming a powder spot. When the operator performs cladding on workpieces of different shapes, it is necessary to change the powder coke of different lengths in the cladding nozzle. At this time, it is only necessary to adjust the cladding nozzle to achieve free adjustment of the powder coke length required by different processes, which improves the efficiency and stability of laser cladding and ensures the quality of laser cladding.

[0061] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cladding nozzle, characterized in that, include: The inner cylinder has a first conical end and a laser channel is provided inside, the laser channel being used to allow a laser to pass through; The outer cylinder has a second conical end, which is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. An annular powder feeding cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The second conical end has a plurality of slits distributed along the circumferential direction. The slits extend along the generatrix of the second conical end and communicate with the powder feeding cavity. Multiple powder feeding pipes are disposed in the outer cylinder, and the powder feeding end of each powder feeding pipe is connected to the powder feeding cavity; Multiple elastic plates are arranged circumferentially on the outside of the second conical end. The positions of the elastic plates and the gaps are arranged one-to-one. One end of each elastic plate is fixedly connected to the end of the outer cylinder away from the second conical end. The other end of each elastic plate can move closer to and away from the gap along the radial direction of the second conical end. An adjusting sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the second conical end. The adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder. The inner wall of the adjusting sleeve abuts against the elastic plate. The adjusting sleeve can adjust the angle of inclination of the elastic plate relative to the axial direction of the laser channel during the movement of the adjusting sleeve along the axial direction of the laser channel.

2. The cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder includes: The powder feeding section has the second conical end; A cooling section is connected to the end of the powder feeding section away from the second conical end, and the cooling section is used to cool the powder feeding chamber.

3. The cladding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling section is welded to the end of the powder feeding section away from the second conical end; Alternatively, the cooling section and the powder feeding section may be integrally formed.

4. The cladding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling section has an annular cooling chamber inside, which has an inlet and an outlet, and is arranged around the powder feeding chamber. The annular cooling chamber is used to inject coolant.

5. The cladding nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling unit includes: The shell has an arc-shaped groove on the side away from the powder feeding part; A sealing element is provided at the opening of the arc-shaped groove; A cover plate is provided on the side of the housing where the arc-shaped groove is provided. The cover plate and the arc-shaped groove form the annular cooling cavity. The cover plate is used to seal the annular cooling cavity through the sealing element.

6. The cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coverage area of ​​the elastic sheet is larger than the area of ​​the gap.

7. The cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic sheet is a strip-shaped sheet or a cone-shaped sheet; And / or, the gap is triangular or strip-shaped.

8. The cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting sleeve has an annular groove inside, and the cladding nozzle also includes balls. The balls are closely arranged in the annular groove along the circumferential direction of the second conical end. The balls are used for the rolling contact between the adjusting sleeve and the elastic sheet.

9. The cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the adjusting sleeve is provided with anti-slip texture.

10. A laser cladding apparatus, comprising: A robotic arm, a laser generator, a laser head, a powder feeding tube, a powder feeding mechanism, and a cladding nozzle, characterized in that the cladding nozzle is a cladding nozzle as described in any one of claims 1-9, the cladding nozzle, the laser generator, and the powder feeding mechanism are all disposed on the robotic arm, the laser generator is connected to the laser head, the laser head is connected to the end of the inner cylinder away from the conical end, and the powder feeding mechanism is connected to the end of the powder feeding tube away from the powder feeding end.

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