A method, device and storage medium for detecting fan blade status

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wind power generation detection technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and computer storage medium for detecting the status of a wind turbine blade. The wind turbine blade status detection method of the present invention uses a vibration sensor installed inside a wind turbine blade to obtain vibration data, fully utilizes zero drift information, and can be used to replace other position sensors. The vibration signal after removing the base characteristic signal is used to perform order and modal changes of the wind turbine blade, etc., to make a judgment on the health of the wind turbine blade, thereby improving the accuracy of wind turbine blade status detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation detection, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and computer storage medium for detecting the status of wind turbine blades. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine generator set includes a wind rotor and a generator; the wind rotor contains blades, a hub, and reinforcements; it has the functions of generating electricity by rotating the blades under wind power and rotating the generator head. The blades are one of the important components of a wind turbine that converts wind energy into mechanical energy, and are the basis for obtaining a higher wind energy utilization coefficient and economic benefits. The state of the blades directly affects the performance and power generation efficiency of the whole machine. Since the blades operate in the natural environment for a long time, the external climate will have a great impact on the operation of the blades, especially typhoons, thunderstorms, ice and snow, sandstorms and other severe weather conditions that may cause damage to the blades at any time and even cause the collapse of the wind turbine generator set. This requires monitoring the health status of the blades. In order to monitor the health status of the blades quickly and timely, the prior art has introduced CN112324629A - a wind turbine blade early damage monitoring system and method based on vibration and sound, which mentions the practical method of vibration sensors. Since the vibration sensor is required to be installed in a fixed position, if it is installed on a rotating base such as a wind turbine blade, it will bring additional information to the vibration data. This information is called base information. However, the vibration signal processing in the prior art does not involve the extraction of the blade position, that is, the base characteristic signal, which leads to inaccurate status detection of the wind turbine blade. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of inaccurate state detection of fan blades in the prior art.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting the status of fan blades, comprising:

[0005] Obtain vibration signals of fan blades;

[0006] Extracting a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal;

[0007] removing the base characteristic signal from the vibration signal to obtain a processed vibration signal;

[0008] Performing image measurement analysis based on the base characteristic signal, and performing order and vibration mode analysis based on the processed vibration signal;

[0009] The fan blade status detection result is obtained based on the analysis results.

[0010] Preferably, extracting a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal comprises:

[0011] Determine a sliding window size I, and gradually move the sliding window with a preset step size to intercept vibration data in the vibration signal, and obtain K vibration data samples containing I vibration data;

[0012] Removing a preset number of larger vibration data and a preset number of smaller vibration data from the kk∈1...K vibration data samples, and taking an average of the remaining vibration data to obtain a kth base signal feature;

[0013] The K base signal features are concatenated to obtain the target base signal features.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding window size is the ratio of the product of the sampling rate and the period of each blade corresponding to the maximum speed to an equal fraction.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding window size is an odd number.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the remaining vibration data is an odd number.

[0017] Preferably, the image analysis according to the substrate characteristic signal comprises:

[0018] Extracting blade information from the substrate characteristic signal;

[0019] extracting data of a plurality of blade rotation cycles from the blade information;

[0020] The data points of each blade rotation cycle are divided into multiple groups, and the first data point of each group is subjected to arc cosine transformation to obtain multiple groups of blade angle positions.

[0021] Preferably, performing order and vibration mode analysis according to the processed vibration signal comprises:

[0022] The plurality of sets of blade angle positions are introduced into the processed vibration signal to perform vibration modal analysis.

[0023] The present invention also provides a fan blade state detection device, comprising:

[0024] A vibration signal acquisition module is used to obtain vibration signals of fan blades;

[0025] A base characteristic signal extraction module, used for extracting base characteristic signals from the vibration signal;

[0026] A vibration signal processing module, used for removing the base characteristic signal in the vibration signal to obtain a processed vibration signal;

[0027] A signal analysis module, used for performing image analysis based on the base characteristic signal, and performing order and vibration mode analysis based on the processed vibration signal;

[0028] The status detection module is used to obtain the fan blade status detection result according to the analysis result.

[0029] The present invention also provides a fan blade state detection device, comprising:

[0030] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0031] A processor is used to implement the above-mentioned steps of a method for detecting the status of fan blades when executing the computer program.

[0032] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for detecting the status of a fan blade are implemented.

[0033] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0034] The wind turbine blade status detection method described in the present invention utilizes a vibration sensor installed inside a wind turbine blade to obtain vibration data, fully utilizes zero drift information, and can be used to replace other position sensors. The vibration signal after removing the base characteristic signal is used to perform order and modal changes of the wind turbine blade, etc., to make judgments on the health of the wind turbine blade, thereby improving the accuracy of wind turbine blade status detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0036] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for detecting the status of a fan blade provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fan blade vibration data acquisition system;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the analysis structure;

[0039] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a fan blade status detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The core of the present invention is to provide a method, device, equipment and computer storage medium for detecting the status of wind turbine blades, which effectively improves the accuracy of wind turbine blade status detection.

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a fan blade status detection method provided by the present invention; the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0043] S101: Acquire vibration signals of fan blades;

[0044] S102: extracting a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal;

[0045] S103: removing the base characteristic signal in the vibration signal to obtain a processed vibration signal;

[0046] S104: performing image measurement analysis according to the base characteristic signal, and performing order and vibration mode analysis according to the processed vibration signal;

[0047] S105: Obtain fan blade status detection results based on the analysis results.

[0048] The wind turbine blade status detection method described in the present invention utilizes a vibration sensor installed inside a wind turbine blade to obtain vibration data, fully utilizes zero drift information, and can be used to replace other position sensors. The vibration signal after removing the base characteristic signal is used to perform order and modal changes of the wind turbine blade, etc., to make judgments on the health of the wind turbine blade, thereby improving the accuracy of wind turbine blade status detection.

[0049] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment describes step S101 in detail:

[0050] The fan blade vibration data acquisition system is used to obtain the vibration signal of the fan blade, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fan blade vibration data acquisition system includes:

[0051] A plurality of vibration sensors are respectively installed on a plurality of blades of the fan;

[0052] The wheel hub collector is connected to the plurality of vibration sensors via the CAN bus respectively;

[0053] The equipment on-site box has a power module inside, which is connected to the variable pitch and the hub collector respectively;

[0054] A switch in the cabin control cabinet is wirelessly connected to the hub collector;

[0055] The tower bottom control cabinet switch is connected to the cabin control cabinet switch via optical fiber.

[0056] The vibration sensor data is transmitted wirelessly from the hub collector to the cabin control cabinet switch, and then transmitted to the tower bottom control cabinet switch through the optical fiber tower, and then enters the Internet.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the number of vibration collection channels of the multiple vibration sensors includes an X-axis, a Y-axis and a Z-axis, wherein the Z-axis is perpendicular to the ground, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to a virtual plane formed by multiple wind blades.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the installation method of the plurality of vibration sensors includes welding, magnetic attraction and gluing, specifically:

[0059] Weld the base of the vibration sensor to the fan blade via a flange, or

[0060] Use a magnet to attach the base of the vibration sensor to the fan blade, or

[0061] Use glue / tape / double-sided tape to glue the base of the vibration sensor to the fan blade.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the installation positions of the multiple vibration sensors are the tip portions of the windward surface at a preset distance from the root of the fan blade, specifically:

[0063] A sensor is installed on each blade, and the sensor is located at the "∠" tip of the windward side 7 to 8 meters away from the root of the blade.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the CAN bus is fixed by cable ties and cable ties.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the bracket of the equipment local box is fixed to a reserved metal plate with holes in the hub by screws, specifically:

[0066] Use a reserved metal plate with holes in the hub to fix the bracket with screws to install the equipment on-site box. The box is used to install the collection equipment, power module and other collection equipment. The power is drawn from the variable pitch and converted to 24V used by the collector through the power module. The distance is about 3-4 meters. The variable pitch angle is 0, and the blades are placed horizontally.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, the vibration frequency range of the multiple vibration sensors is 0.1Hz~1600Hz; the power supply mode of the multiple vibration sensors is DC 12V~24V; the waterproof level of the multiple vibration sensors is IP66; and the explosion-proof level of the multiple vibration sensors is Exd IIC T6.

[0068] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment describes step S102 in detail:

[0069] Determine the sliding window size I, and gradually move the sliding window with a preset step size (in one embodiment, the preset step size is one sampling point) to intercept the vibration data in the vibration signal, and obtain K vibration data samples VD=(vd(1), vd(2), ..., vd(I)) containing I vibration data; the sliding window size is the ratio of the product of the sampling rate and the period of each blade corresponding to the maximum speed to the equal fraction. In one embodiment, I=sampling rate*period of each blade corresponding to the maximum speed / equal fraction, (equal fraction=60).

[0070] The central idea of ​​BFD for extracting basis information is to replace the current data with the sample mean of the current data and the I data before and after it, so as to reduce the influence of gross errors in the data sample on the experimental analysis, thereby achieving the effect of noise reduction:

[0071] Remove a preset number of larger vibration data and a preset number of smaller vibration data from the kk∈1...K vibration data samples, and average the remaining vibration data to obtain the kth base signal feature; in one embodiment, remove the larger value I*5% and the smaller value I*5%. And ensure that the remaining number I L For odd numbers:

[0072]

[0073] BFD(i)=vd'(i)

[0074] The K base signal features are concatenated to obtain the target base signal feature:

[0075] BFD=(BFD(1),BFD(2),…,BFD(K)).

[0076] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment describes step S104 in detail:

[0077] The image analysis according to the basement characteristic signal comprises:

[0078] The blade information is extracted from the base characteristic signal BFD; BFD is a gradually changing cosine curve, and the gradual change is caused by the change of speed.

[0079] Extract data of multiple blade rotation cycles from the blade information; obtain data of one cycle, starting from the maximum value and ending with the minimum value. Each cycle represents one rotation of the blade. The number of data points per cycle is N.

[0080] The data points of each blade rotation cycle are divided into multiple groups, and the first data point of each group is subjected to arccosine transformation to obtain multiple groups of blade angle positions. In one embodiment, the data points are divided into Z = 360*10 groups, Group = (Group(1), Group(2), ..., Group(Z)), and the number of points in each group is number = N / (360*10). The first point of each group, Group(i)[1], 1 <= i <= Z, is subjected to arccosine transformation, arccos(Group(i)[1]), to obtain the angle position of the group.

[0081] The performing order and vibration mode analysis according to the processed vibration signal comprises:

[0082] The above angle position information is introduced into the processed vibration signal p-VD and divided into Z=360*10 groups. Each group has a position label. p-VD can be further used for other modal analysis, because modal analysis requires the position information of the blade.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the analysis structure.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a fan blade state detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; the specific device may include:

[0085] A vibration signal acquisition module 100 is used to acquire vibration signals of fan blades;

[0086] A base characteristic signal extraction module 200 is used to extract a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal;

[0087] A vibration signal processing module 300, used to remove the base characteristic signal in the vibration signal to obtain a processed vibration signal;

[0088] A signal analysis module 400, for performing image analysis based on the base characteristic signal, and performing order and vibration mode analysis based on the processed vibration signal;

[0089] The state detection module 500 is used to obtain the wind turbine blade state detection result according to the analysis result.

[0090] The fan blade state detection device of the present embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned fan blade state detection method. Therefore, the specific implementation method of the fan blade state detection device can be seen in the embodiment part of the aforementioned fan blade state detection method. For example, the vibration signal acquisition module 100, the base characteristic signal extraction module 200, the vibration signal processing module 300, the signal analysis module 400, and the state detection module 500 are respectively used to implement steps S101, S102, S103, S104 and S105 in the aforementioned fan blade state detection method. Therefore, its specific implementation method can refer to the description of the corresponding various parts of the embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] A specific embodiment of the present invention further provides a fan blade status detection device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for implementing the steps of the above-mentioned fan blade status detection method when executing the computer program.

[0092] A specific embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for detecting the status of a fan blade are implemented.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0094] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0095] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0096] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0097] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the status of a fan blade, characterized in that: include: Obtain vibration signals of fan blades; Extracting a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal; removing the base characteristic signal from the vibration signal to obtain a processed vibration signal; Performing image measurement analysis based on the base characteristic signal, and performing order and vibration mode analysis based on the processed vibration signal; Obtain the fan blade status detection result according to the analysis result; Extracting a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal includes: Determine a sliding window size I, and gradually move the sliding window with a preset step length to intercept vibration data in the vibration signal, and obtain K vibration data samples containing I vibration data, wherein the preset step length is one sampling point; Removing a preset number of larger vibration data and a preset number of smaller vibration data from the kth vibration data sample, and taking an average of the remaining vibration data to obtain a kth base signal feature, where k∈1...K; splicing K basis signal features to obtain a target basis signal feature, and using the target basis signal feature as the basis feature signal; Performing image analysis according to the basement characteristic signal includes: Extracting blade information from the substrate characteristic signal; extracting data of a plurality of blade rotation cycles from the blade information; The data points of each blade rotation cycle are divided into multiple groups, and the first data point of each group is subjected to arc cosine transformation to obtain multiple groups of blade angle positions.

2. The method for detecting the status of a fan blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding window size is the ratio of the product of the sampling rate and the period of each blade corresponding to the maximum speed to the equal fraction.

3. The method for detecting the status of a fan blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding window size is an odd number.

4. The method for detecting the status of a fan blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the remaining vibration data is an odd number.

5. The method for detecting the status of a fan blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performing order and vibration mode analysis according to the processed vibration signal comprises: The plurality of sets of blade angle positions are introduced into the processed vibration signal to perform vibration modal analysis.

6. A fan blade state detection device, characterized in that: include: A vibration signal acquisition module is used to obtain vibration signals of fan blades; A base characteristic signal extraction module, used for extracting base characteristic signals from the vibration signal; A vibration signal processing module, used for removing the base characteristic signal in the vibration signal to obtain a processed vibration signal; A signal analysis module, used for performing image analysis based on the base characteristic signal, and performing order and vibration mode analysis based on the processed vibration signal; A state detection module is used to obtain a wind turbine blade state detection result according to the analysis result; Extracting a base characteristic signal from the vibration signal includes: Determine a sliding window size I, and gradually move the sliding window with a preset step length to intercept vibration data in the vibration signal, and obtain K vibration data samples containing I vibration data, wherein the preset step length is one sampling point; Removing a preset number of larger vibration data and a preset number of smaller vibration data from the kth vibration data sample, and taking an average of the remaining vibration data to obtain a kth base signal feature, where k∈1...K; splicing K basis signal features to obtain a target basis signal feature, and using the target basis signal feature as the basis feature signal; Performing image analysis according to the basement characteristic signal includes: Extracting blade information from the substrate characteristic signal; extracting data of a plurality of blade rotation cycles from the blade information; The data points of each blade rotation cycle are divided into multiple groups, and the first data point of each group is subjected to arc cosine transformation to obtain multiple groups of blade angle positions.

7. A fan blade status detection device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor is used to implement the steps of a fan blade status detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a method for detecting the status of a wind turbine blade are implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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