A cultivation method for improving the fruiting efficiency of lentinus edodes

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of shiitake mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for improving the fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms, which recombines the aging cultivation species of shiitake mushrooms, reassembles the shiitake mushroom fruiting sticks, adds water retention film during the bagging process, and does not pass through crushing during the re-bagging process, thereby reducing the crushing process, reducing the possibility of stick contamination, and allowing oxygen to fully enter the stick after re-bagging, so as to quickly restore the mycelium. By optimizing the layer height, the concentrated heat caused by mycelium recovery is prevented. Research shows that this fruiting method has a larger fruiting amount and a larger number of budlets, and can produce three to five tides of mushrooms, thereby preventing the waste of sawdust resources.

Description

A cultivation method to improve the fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shiitake mushroom cultivation technology, and in particular to a cultivation method for improving the fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms. Background Technology

[0002] Shiitake mushrooms, also known as winter mushrooms, are delicious and inexpensive, making them a popular edible fungus both domestically and internationally. In recent years, with the development of edible fungi cultivation technology, shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques have also made significant progress. Currently, in bag cultivation, the mycelial growth of shiitake mushrooms is divided into three stages: the early stage mainly focuses on mycelial recovery and inoculation block establishment. During this stage, a certain temperature is maintained to facilitate the germination of the shiitake spawn. About 10 days after inoculation, ventilation is gradually increased. When the mycelium grows to 8-10cm, the outer film is removed to prevent "burning" of the mycelium, and the mushroom logs are simultaneously placed on racks for cultivation, maintaining a 3-4cm interval. When the mycelium has completely covered the bag, aeration is increased by puncturing holes with an aerator. In the middle stage of mycelial growth, the mushroom logs begin to change color; natural ventilation and dryness should be maintained. In the later stage of mycelial growth, the inside of the bag changes color, and 70%-80% of the surface has turned brown. When the bag is elastic to the touch, it is ready to be removed. The outer layer of the bag is cut off with a blade, and the plastic film is removed for cultivation.

[0003] However, during the cultivation process using the above method for mycelial growth, we found that: after the shiitake mushroom spawn is removed from the bag, the discarded spawn is often thrown away and the mushrooms are directly grown. Because there is no water-retaining film, the number of mushrooms produced is small, and basically only one flush can be produced. Moreover, the spawn is also more prone to mold infection when growing mushrooms, which has a serious impact on the mushroom production and yield. At the same time, during the production process of spawn factories, there are many aging spawn that cannot be sold. If they are used for mushroom growth, the number of mushrooms produced is small, and it is wasteful to throw them away. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to improve the method of shiitake mushroom bag cultivation. This method can reduce the infection of shiitake mushroom logs and increase the number of flushes, thereby increasing the yield of shiitake mushrooms.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A cultivation method for improving the fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: After removing the spawn bags from the aged or fresh shiitake mushroom spawn bags, directly place them into the bagging machine for bagging without crushing. The shiitake mushroom spawn is directly loaded into a long shiitake mushroom cultivation stick bag through the bagging machine, and then covered with a water-retaining film to obtain the cultivation stick.

[0008] Step 2: Punch holes directly into the bagged cultivation substrate to obtain perforated cultivation substrate.

[0009] Step 3: Stack the perforated mushroom sticks and control the temperature at 16-22℃ to allow the mycelium to recover. Recovery is complete when the mycelium inside the mushroom sticks turns white.

[0010] Step 4: Place the recovered mushroom logs on the cultivation rack in the mushroom shed for color change. Once the mushroom logs develop nodules and the color change exceeds 2 / 3 of the bag, they can be removed from the bag and the mushrooms can be harvested.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for preparing fresh shiitake mushroom spawn bags in step 1 is as follows: inoculate the original shiitake mushroom spawn into sterilized spawn bags filled with cultivation material and perform routine management. When the mycelium fully grows on the spawn bag, fresh shiitake mushroom spawn bags can be obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the cultivation substrate is formulated with the following components in weight percentage: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum; wherein the sawdust is prepared by mixing poplar sawdust, birch sawdust and oak sawdust in a weight ratio of 4:1-3:4-6.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle size of the wood chips is greater than 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 6, when removing the bags and harvesting the mushrooms, the mushroom logs are sprayed with citric acid at a concentration of 1%-3% for 24 hours.

[0015] Furthermore, the hole diameter in step 4, the drilling step, is 8mm-20mm, and the hole spacing is 4-15cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the stacking method in step 5 is as follows: the distance between the mushroom sticks is 10cm, the upper and lower layers of mushroom sticks are arranged in a "well" shape, and the number of stacked layers is no more than 4.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This application involves re-merging shiitake mushroom spawn and repackaging it into long substrate logs. A water-retaining film is added during the bagging process, and the repackaging process avoids crushing, reducing the possibility of contamination of the substrate logs. After repackaging, the research team punches holes to allow sufficient oxygen to enter the substrate logs, preventing concentrated heat generation caused by mycelial recovery and thus promoting rapid mycelial recovery. Studies have shown that this fruiting method produces a large number of mushroom buds and can produce up to three to five flushes of mushrooms without wasting sawdust resources.

[0019] 2. Through joint research on perforation diameter, substrate formulation, preparation method, and sawdust particle size, the research team discovered a new cultivation method by crushing and mixing spawn bags to form new cultivation sticks. Combining this with research on timing and perforation diameter, and further studying the substrate formulation, the research team derived a highly efficient mushroom-growing method by studying waste bag material, perforation timing, perforation method, and stacking method. This resulted in different mushroom-growing methods, enabling the reuse of waste materials and further protecting the environment. Figure Description

[0020] Figures 1-3 are schematic diagrams of bagging the spawn; Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the spawn being fully covered with mycelium; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of removing the spawn from the bag; and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of packing two bags of spawn into a long bag.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the stacking of long mushroom logs;

[0022] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of drilling at different hole diameters;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the mushroom sticks being cultivated on the culture rack. Detailed Implementation Methods

[0024] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0025] Unless otherwise stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims and abstract) is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] This embodiment describes a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] I. Preparation of Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Spawn:

[0029] 1. Preparation of shiitake mushroom spawn bags: Mix the following ingredients according to the corresponding mass percentages: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum; after mixing, put the mixture into spawn bags and sterilize by steam at 121℃ for 4-8 hours.

[0030] 2. Inoculation: Inoculate the original shiitake mushroom spawn into the sterilized spawn bags from step 1. After inoculation, place the bags in the mushroom house for routine management. When the mycelium has fully grown the spawn bags, the shiitake mushroom spawn can be obtained.

[0031] 2. Repackage the bag to grow bacteria:

[0032] 1. After peeling off the spawn bag from the mycelium-covered spawn bag in step one, put it directly into the bagging machine without crushing it. Simply break the spawn bag through the bagging machine and put it directly into a bag for growing shiitake mushroom cultivation sticks. Cover it with a water-retaining film to obtain the cultivation sticks as shown in Figures 1-3.

[0033] 2. After bagging, punch holes in the long bags and restore them to their original shape;

[0034] 3. After drilling, stack the obtained long mushroom logs in a total of 4 layers, with the bottom and top layers arranged in a "well" shape. During the stacking process, maintain a distance of about 10cm between the mushroom logs and control the temperature at 16-22℃, as shown in Figure 4.

[0035] 4. Once the mycelium has piled up and turned white, it indicates recovery. After recovery, place the mycelium logs on the cultivation rack in the mushroom shed for color change. The distance between the logs should be 10-15cm. When the logs develop nodules and the color change exceeds 2 / 3 of the bag, the mushrooms can be removed from the bag and harvested, as shown in Figure 5.

[0036] When drilling in step 2, the hole diameter can be selected from four specifications: 4mm, 8mm, 20mm, and 35mm, and the hole spacing is 10-15cm; as shown in Figure 5, the hole diameter in Figure A is 4mm, the hole diameter in Figure B is 8mm, the hole diameter in Figure C is 20mm, and the hole diameter in Figure D is 35cm.

[0037] When the mycelium inside the mushroom stick turns white, the mycelium will recover.

[0038] In addition, the following control group is also set up in this embodiment:

[0039] Control group 1: Long mycelium logs without holes;

[0040] Control group 2: The shiitake mushroom spawn prepared in step one was directly removed from the bag and the mushrooms were harvested.

[0041] Control group 3: The mushroom bags inoculated in step 2 of step 1 were perforated (8mm in diameter, 10cm in spacing), and then the bags were removed and the mushrooms were harvested.

[0042] The mycelial recovery, fruiting, degree of inoculation, number of fruiting flushes, and yield of each experimental group and control group were observed and statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 1:

[0043] Table 1. Effects of different experimental groups on the growth of shiitake mushrooms

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 1, (1) in terms of mycelial recovery time: the mycelial recovery speed of the 4mm and 8mm experimental groups with smaller pore sizes is slower, while the mycelial recovery speed of the 20mm and 35mm experimental groups with larger pore sizes is relatively faster due to sufficient ventilation.

[0046] (2) In terms of the duration of fruiting: 8mm experimental group < 20mm experimental group < 35mm experimental group < control group 2 = control group 3 < 4mm experimental group. This may be because the 20mm and 35mm experimental groups had excessive oxygenation in the early stage, resulting in rapid mycelial recovery. However, due to poor support and the inability to inject water in the later stage, the fruiting time was late and the number of flushes was low. The 35mm group could not be thoroughly aerated because the substrate would lose its support, thus resulting in some contamination.

[0047] (3) From the perspective of contamination, the smaller the opening, or the easier it is to be contaminated, indicating that if no opening is made or the opening is too small, the amount of mixed mycelium is large and more branches are produced, so the demand for oxygen is greater and the heat generated by aerobic respiration is large. Therefore, the accumulation will generate a lot of heat and mycelium is prone to hypoxia and death. It is not suitable for mycelium growth, but suitable for the growth of mold and other miscellaneous bacteria, thus leading to more serious contamination of the mushroom stick.

[0048] (4) In terms of the number of fruiting flushes, the 8mm experimental group could complete 5 flushes, while the other experimental groups (4mm, 20mm and 35mm) could only achieve 2 and 3 flushes. This indicates that the hole size must be fully penetrated. The 35mm hole, which cannot be fully penetrated, will cause contamination. In addition, the 20mm and 35mm logs do not have enough support in the later stages, so the number of fruiting flushes is small. If the hole size is too small, it is easy to cause hypoxia and mycelial death, which makes it very easy to be infected by miscellaneous bacteria. The control group 3, which was cultivated without a bag, had fewer fruiting flushes because it did not have a water-retaining film.

[0049] (5) In terms of yield, the 8mm experimental group > the 20mm experimental group > the 35mm experimental group > the 4mm experimental group > the control group 1 > the control group 3 > the control group 2. This is consistent with the state of the shiitake mushroom logs. The average yield per log of the control groups 2 and 3 is significantly lower than that of the other experimental groups (4mm, 8mm, 20mm and 35mm) and the control group 1 because each log is only half the size of the other experimental groups (4mm, 20mm and 35mm). As for the other experimental groups, the experimental groups (4mm, 20mm and 35mm) only produce 2 flushes of mushrooms and the control group 1 only produces 1 flush of mushrooms. Therefore, their yield is far less than that of the 8mm experimental group.

[0050] Therefore, in summary, in the method of mushroom cultivation by drilling holes, it is not always better to have larger hole diameters. The optimal fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms is achieved when the hole diameter is 8mm and the hole spacing is 10-15cm.

[0051] In this embodiment, it was also found that if more than 4 layers are stacked, the temperature will be too high (above 35°C), thereby inhibiting the growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] This embodiment uses aged and deteriorated spawn from a mushroom farm for cultivation, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] I. Selecting aged cultivars:

[0055] Selection criteria for aging and deteriorating spawn: ① Spawn that oozes yellow liquid; ② Spawn that has filled the cultivation bag for more than 2 months; ③ Spawn with primordia bumps on the surface; ④ Spawn with abnormal mycelial condition; ⑤ Spawn that has been exposed to high temperatures. These spawns rejected by spawn manufacturers cannot be used and are difficult to manage for fruiting, generally only producing one flush of mushrooms with few fruiting buds.

[0056] 2. Repackage the bag to grow bacteria:

[0057] 1. After removing the spawn bags from the selected aged and deteriorated spawn bags of the same variety, put them directly into the bagging machine for bagging. Without crushing, simply break the spawn bags through the bagging machine and put them directly into a bag for a long mushroom cultivation stick. Cover it with a water-retaining film to obtain the cultivation stick.

[0058] 2. After bagging, punch holes in the long bags and restore them to their original shape;

[0059] 3. After drilling, stack the obtained long mushroom logs in a total of 4 layers, with the bottom and top layers arranged in a "well" shape. During the stacking process, maintain a distance of about 10cm between the mushroom logs and control the temperature at 16-22℃.

[0060] 4. After the mycelium has piled up and recovered, place the mushroom logs on the cultivation rack in the mushroom shed for color change. The distance between the mushroom logs should be 10-15cm. When the mushroom logs develop nodules and the color change exceeds 2 / 3 of the bag, they can be removed from the bag and the mushrooms can be harvested.

[0061] In step 2, when drilling holes, the hole diameters were selected as follows: 4mm, 8mm, 20mm, and 35mm, with a hole spacing of 10-15cm. The control group was not drilled. The mycelial recovery, fruiting, degree of inoculation, number of fruiting flushes, and yield of each experimental group were observed and statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 2. Effects of different pore sizes on the growth of shiitake mushrooms in wet waste bags.

[0063]

[0064] Table 2 shows that even when using discarded spawn logs for mycelial growth, the combination of perforation and other methods still allows the shiitake mushroom logs to maintain good mycelial growth capacity. Compared with the experimental groups in Table 1, the yield of the aged spawn logs after repackaging was not as high as that of the new spawn logs. However, the overall mycelial growth effect still reached 3 flushes, with the highest yield reaching 900g / log, significantly higher than the control groups 1-3 in Table 1. Moreover, using discarded spawn logs resulted in earlier fruiting. This indicates that the perforation combined with repackaging method of this application can effectively utilize the discarded aged spawn logs from the mushroom farm for re-mycelial growth, improving the utilization rate of discarded spawn logs.

[0065] Example 3:

[0066] This embodiment studies cultivation methods using different sawdust combinations with perforated planting, based on Example 1. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0067] I. Preparation of Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Spawns according to Different Formulas:

[0068] Formula A: 78% sawdust (oak sawdust), 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by weight);

[0069] Formula B: 78% sawdust (birch sawdust), 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by weight);

[0070] Formula C: 78% sawdust (poplar sawdust), 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by weight);

[0071] After mixing, the mixture is placed into mushroom bags and sterilized by insulated steam at a temperature of 121℃ for 4-8 hours.

[0072] 2. Inoculation: Inoculate the original shiitake mushroom spawn into the sterilized spawn bags from step 1. After inoculation, place the bags in the mushroom house for routine management. When the mycelium has fully grown the spawn bags, the shiitake mushroom spawn can be obtained.

[0073] 2. Repackage the bag to grow bacteria:

[0074] 1. After peeling off the spawn bag from the mycelium-covered spawn bag in step one, put it directly into the bagging machine for bagging. Without crushing, simply break the spawn bag through the bagging machine to fill it into spawn sticks.

[0075] 2. After bagging, perform the following operations: punching holes in the long bags (choose either 8mm or 20mm hole diameters, with a hole spacing of 10-15cm) and not punching holes, and then restore the bags.

[0076] 3. After drilling, stack the obtained long mushroom logs in a total of 4 layers, with the bottom and top layers arranged in a "well" shape. During the stacking process, maintain a distance of about 10cm between the mushroom logs and control the temperature at 16-22℃.

[0077] 4. After the mycelium has accumulated and recovered, place the substrate logs on the cultivation racks in the mushroom shed for color change, with a distance of 10-15 cm between the logs. When the logs develop nodules and the color change exceeds 2 / 3 of the bag, they can be removed from the bag and the mushrooms can be harvested. Observe and statistically analyze the mycelium recovery, fruiting, degree of inoculation, number of fruiting flushes, and yield of each experimental group, as shown in Table 3:

[0078] Table 3. Effects of different pore sizes on the growth of shiitake mushrooms from different sawdust samples.

[0079]

[0080] Table 3 shows that different substrate formulations resulted in different fruiting outcomes for shiitake mushrooms. Softer poplar sawdust resulted in fewer fruiting flushes, while harder oak sawdust resulted in more fruiting flushes. In terms of fruiting time, the order was: poplar sawdust < birch sawdust < oak sawdust. This indicates that the softer the wood, the shorter the fruiting time. To increase yield and reduce fruiting time, the research team considered compounding these sawdust types to study their impact on fruiting.

[0081] Example 4:

[0082] This embodiment is based on Example 3 and conducts a compounding experiment of wood chips, as detailed below:

[0083] The shiitake mushroom spawn formula is as follows: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose, and 1% gypsum (by weight). The spawn preparation method is as described in Example 5, with 8mm holes perforated in the substrate bags. Three different mass ratios of sawdust were used to design nine spawn cultivation and fruiting treatment schemes using orthogonal experimental design, as shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0084] Table 4 Factor Levels of Wood Chip Mass Ratio

[0085] Horizontal poplar wood chips, birch wood chips, oak wood chips 121423253436 surface

[0086] Table 5. Fruiting results of orthogonal design with different mass ratios of sawdust.

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 5, the range analysis using yield as an indicator shows that the order of importance of the factors is: poplar sawdust > birch sawdust > oak sawdust, with the optimal condition being a mass ratio of poplar sawdust:birch sawdust:oak sawdust of 4:3:6. Similarly, the range analysis using fruiting time as an indicator shows the same order: poplar sawdust > birch sawdust > oak sawdust, with the optimal condition being a mass ratio of poplar sawdust:birch sawdust:oak sawdust of 4:2:4. Overall, experiments 7-9 showed higher yields than those using only oak sawdust, with significantly reduced fruiting time. Therefore, when these sawdust types are combined with a cultivation model using perforation and long substrate log techniques, and the mass ratio of poplar sawdust:birch sawdust:oak sawdust is 4:1-3:4-6, the fruiting effect of shiitake mushroom spawn is better, with yields reaching over 1103g / log, higher than using only one type of sawdust, and fruiting time below 68 days. Therefore, using the method of this application, the preferred strain formula is: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by mass percentage), wherein the sawdust is prepared by mixing poplar sawdust, birch sawdust and oak sawdust in a mass ratio of 4:1-3:4-6.

[0090] Example 5:

[0091] This embodiment, based on Example 4, studies cultivation methods using different sawdust particle sizes and perforation techniques. In this embodiment, the sawdust used is prepared by mixing poplar sawdust, birch sawdust, and oak sawdust in a mass ratio of 4:3:6. The specific sawdust particle size is prepared according to the following formula for shiitake mushroom cultivation:

[0092] Formula ①: 78% sawdust (1mm < sawdust particle size ≤ 5mm), 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by weight).

[0093] Formula ②: 78% sawdust (5mm < sawdust particle size ≤1cm), 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by weight).

[0094] Formula ③: 78% sawdust (1cm < sawdust particle size ≤2cm), 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (by weight).

[0095] The three cultivation conditions were: 8mm, 20mm, and no holes. Other cultivation conditions were as described in Example 3. The mycelial recovery, fruiting, degree of inoculation, number of fruiting flushes, and yield of each experimental group were observed and statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 6.

[0096] Table 6. Effects of different sawdust particle sizes at 68mm aperture on the growth of shiitake mushrooms.

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] Table 7 shows that different substrate formulations result in different fruiting outcomes for shiitake mushrooms. Smaller particle sizes lead to fewer fruiting flushes, while a larger particle size results in more fruiting flushes and higher yields of high-quality mushrooms. Furthermore, during the formulation screening process, 8mm holes consistently produced more mushrooms than 20mm holes, primarily because 20mm holes dry out more easily, reducing the fruiting area. In this embodiment, to increase fruiting efficiency, it is advisable to select sawdust particles ≤5mm. This reduces the number of fruiting flushes, shortens the fruiting time, and still yields a relatively higher output.

[0100] Example 6:

[0101] The applicant's long-term experiments revealed that adding acid after the mushroom bags are fully colonized with mycelium can stimulate fruiting. Therefore, the fruiting method was optimized as follows:

[0102] I. Preparation of Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Spawn:

[0103] 1. Preparation of shiitake mushroom spawn bags: Mix the following ingredients according to the corresponding mass percentages, namely 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose and 1% gypsum (mass percentage); the sawdust used is prepared by mixing poplar sawdust, birch sawdust and oak sawdust in a mass ratio of 4:3:6; after mixing, put the mixture into spawn bags and sterilize with heat preservation steam at a temperature of 121℃ for 4-8 hours.

[0104] 2. Inoculation: Inoculate the original shiitake mushroom spawn into the sterilized spawn bags from step 1. After inoculation, place the bags in the mushroom house for routine management. When the mycelium has fully grown the spawn bags, the shiitake mushroom spawn can be obtained.

[0105] 2. Repackage the bag to grow bacteria:

[0106] 1. After peeling off the spawn bag from the mycelium-covered spawn bag in step one, put it directly into the bagging machine for bagging. Without crushing, simply break the spawn bag through the bagging machine and connect it directly to a bag for growing shiitake mushroom cultivation sticks. Cover it with a water-retaining film to obtain the cultivation sticks.

[0107] 2. After bagging, punch holes in the long bags and restore them to their original shape;

[0108] 3. After drilling, stack the obtained long mushroom logs in a total of 4 layers, with the bottom and top layers arranged in a "well" shape. During the stacking process, maintain a distance of about 10cm between the mushroom logs and control the temperature at 16-22℃, as shown in Figure 4.

[0109] 4. Once the mycelium has piled up and turned white, it indicates recovery. After recovery, place the mycelium logs on the cultivation racks in the mushroom shed for color change, with a distance of 10-15cm between the logs. When the logs develop nodules and the color change exceeds 2 / 3 of the bag, they can be removed from the bag and the mushrooms can be harvested. When the mushrooms are harvesting, spray the logs with acetic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid at a concentration of 1%-5% for 24 hours.

[0110] When drilling in step 2, select a hole diameter of 8mm and a hole spacing of 10-15cm.

[0111] The control group was directly sprayed with water. The mycelial recovery, fruiting, degree of inoculation, number of fruiting flushes, and yield of each experimental group were observed and statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 7.

[0112] Table 7. Effects of different acid stimuli on fruiting of shiitake mushroom strains.

[0113]

[0114] Table 8 shows that acetic acid and lactic acid did not stimulate the fruiting time or yield of the mushroom logs; on the contrary, they had an inhibitory effect. Acetic acid, in particular, had a very significant inhibitory effect, which became more pronounced and yield decreased with increasing acid concentration. Citric acid, however, had a more significant stimulating effect on fruiting. Compared with the control group, the fruiting time was reduced and the yield increased, indicating that spraying with citric acid can effectively stimulate the fruiting of shiitake mushroom logs. However, the amount of citric acid added should not be too high. When the mass concentration reached 5%, it did not promote the fruiting yield. This shows that acid stimulation has a certain promoting effect on the fruiting of shiitake mushroom spawn, but there are strict limitations on the type and amount of acid added. Excessive addition will affect the pH value of the growing environment and the substrate, thus affecting fruiting. Both the experimental group and the control group, which were treated with water spray with 1% different acid solutions, showed varying degrees of contamination in the mushroom logs. This indicates that when spraying stimulates fruiting, the increased humidity in the air, coupled with a low acid concentration, can cause varying degrees of contamination.

[0115] In summary, this application re-merges the shiitake mushroom spawn and repackages it into long substrate logs. A water-retaining film is added during the bagging process, and the repackaging process avoids crushing, reducing the possibility of contamination. After repackaging, the research team punches holes to allow sufficient oxygen to enter the substrate logs, preventing concentrated heat generation caused by mycelial recovery and thus promoting rapid mycelial recovery. Studies have shown that this fruiting method produces a high number of mushroom buds, yielding up to 3-5 flushes of mushrooms without wasting sawdust resources. Furthermore, this application delves into the formulation and preparation methods of the cultivation substrate, further enhancing the fruiting efficiency and yield of the shiitake mushroom spawn.

[0116] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for improving the fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: After removing the spawn bags from the aged shiitake mushroom cultivation bags, directly place them into a bagging machine without crushing. The shiitake mushroom spawn is directly loaded into a long shiitake mushroom cultivation stick bag through the bagging machine, and a water-retaining film is placed over it to obtain the cultivation stick; Step 2: Punch holes directly into the bagged cultivation sticks to obtain perforated cultivation sticks; Step 3: Stack the perforated sticks and control the temperature at 16-22℃ to allow mycelial recovery. Recovery is complete when the mycelium inside the stick turns white; Step 4: Place the recovered sticks on the cultivation racks in the mushroom shed for color change. When the sticks develop nodules, the color change... When the color exceeds 2 / 3 of the bag, the mushrooms can be removed from the bag and allowed to grow. The cultivation substrate formula of the cultivar consists of the following components by mass percentage: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sucrose, and 1% gypsum. The sawdust is prepared by mixing poplar sawdust, birch sawdust, and oak sawdust in a mass ratio of 4:1-3:4-6. The particle size of the sawdust is greater than 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. The hole diameter in step 2 (drilling) is 8 mm-20 mm, and the hole spacing is 4-15 cm. In step 4 (removing the bag and allowing the mushrooms to grow), the mushroom logs are sprayed with citric acid at a mass concentration of 1%-3% for 24 hours.

2. The cultivation method for improving the fruiting efficiency of shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stacking method in step 3 is as follows: the distance between the mushroom sticks is 10cm, the upper and lower layers of mushroom sticks are arranged in a "well" shape, and the number of stacked layers is no more than 4.

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