A method for rearing of leucophanes orsiphanta

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to a kind of feeding method of sugarcane yellow borer, the feeding method of sugarcane yellow borer, the method includes the following steps: (1) egg hatching, (2) change box, (3) change wild rice, (4) pupate, (5) eclosion and (6) oviposition;The method of the present application is simple, low in cost, the survival rate and the reproduction rate of the yellow borer obtained are high, can provide stable and sufficient insect source for the research of sugarcane yellow borer pest, promote the prevention and control of sugarcane yellow borer.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to a method for raising sugarcane yellow borers. [Background Technology]

[0002] The sugarcane leafminer (Yellow Sugarcane Borer) is a significant stalk-boring pest of sugarcane. During the seedling stage, newly hatched larvae bore into the base of the sugarcane seedlings from below the ground and feed on them. Once they reach the growing point, the heart leaves wither and die, resulting in dead heart seedlings. In the mid-to-late stages of sugarcane growth, after hatching, the larvae feed primarily through the buds or root zone of the sugarcane stalk and burrow into the stalk, causing damage to buds and nodes, severely impacting sugarcane seed production, quality, and yield. In recent years, the sugarcane leafminer population has shown a rapid increase, becoming the dominant species in sugarcane-growing areas such as Guangxi and Yunnan. The damage caused by the leafminer is increasingly serious, posing a significant threat to sugarcane production safety in sugarcane-growing regions, and the leafminer has become a crucial control target in these areas.

[0003] In the process of conducting research and developing control strategies for the sugarcane stem borer, indoor artificial rearing of the borer can provide a stable source of pests at specific times and ages for integrated pest management, such as resistance monitoring and mechanism research, pesticide screening, sex pheromones, transgenic insect-resistant sugarcane, and parasitic wasps. Therefore, the rearing and breeding of the sugarcane stem borer is particularly important and will promote its research and control. However, currently, there are few reports on the artificial rearing of the sugarcane stem borer, and there are no reports of the borer feeding on water chestnuts. [Summary of the Invention]

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for raising sugarcane yellow stem borers. This method is simple to operate, low in cost, and produces yellow stem borers with high survival and reproduction rates. It can provide insects for large-scale experiments and promote the control of sugarcane yellow stem borers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for raising sugarcane yellow twig borers, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Egg hatching: The hatching conditions are 25-27℃. The development period of yellow moth eggs is 5-6 days. On the fourth day after the yellow moth lays eggs, before the eggs hatch, put water chestnut A into a glass bottle containing yellow moth eggs for the newly hatched larvae to burrow in and feed. At the same time, seal the mouth of the glass bottle with paper towels and rubber rings to prevent the newly hatched larvae from escaping.

[0008] (2) Changing the box: After the newly hatched larvae have burrowed into the water chestnut A for 1-2 days, move the water chestnut A into the insect rearing box;

[0009] (3) Change the water bamboo: 7-10 days after changing the box, break the water bamboo A into small pieces and place them in the insect rearing box, and put in fresh water bamboo B so that the larvae in water bamboo A can crawl out to feed. At this time, the larvae are in the 3rd-4th instar. After 1-2 days, take them out and peel them out by hand, and put them into a petri dish with multiple layers of sterile paper towels and water bamboo B, with 10 larvae per dish. Depending on the feeding situation of the larvae, change the water bamboo B and the petri dish every 3-4 days.

[0010] (4) Pupation: After the larvae are 5 years old, place water chestnut B in the culture dish, and put multiple layers of filter paper in the culture dish for them to spin cocoons and pupate;

[0011] (5) Pupa emergence: Take out the pupa and place it in a petri dish lined with a damp gauze to keep it moist. Then place the petri dish in a rearing box with a mesh screen until the pupa emerges as a moth.

[0012] (6) Egg laying: The male and female yellow moths are placed in a glass bottle coated with honey water for mating and egg laying. Fresh sugarcane leaves moistened with wet cotton are placed in the bottle for the yellow moths to lay eggs.

[0013] (7) Repeat steps (1)-(6) after feathering.

[0014] Furthermore, the glass bottles in step (1) are 10-20cm in diameter and 15-20cm in height, and are sterilized in a drying oven at 100℃ before use.

[0015] Furthermore, the insect rearing box in step (2) includes a lid with 150-250 mesh copper mesh ventilation holes. The insect rearing box with mesh in step (4) is the same as that in step (2), that is, the mesh is 150-250 mesh copper mesh.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (6), sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton are placed inside the glass bottle for the yellow rice borer to lay eggs. The glass bottle and sugarcane leaves are replaced daily, and the sugarcane leaves that have been laid with yellow rice borer eggs are moistened with damp cotton.

[0017] Furthermore, the water bamboo A is fresh water bamboo, and the water bamboo A is cut at every 8-10mm thickness, but not cut through, so that larvae can burrow into the water bamboo through the cut to feed.

[0018] Furthermore, the water bamboo B is fresh water bamboo, and the water bamboo B is cut into 9-12mm square pieces, with one worm burrowing into each piece of water bamboo B.

[0019] Furthermore, the multi-layer filter paper in step (4) is processed as follows: fresh sugarcane leaves are crushed into a pulp with a small amount of sugarcane juice, and then the filter paper is soaked layer by layer in the pulp, then taken out and dried for later use.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (6), the honey water is longan honey with a concentration of 12%.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (6), the honey water is applied evenly to the inner wall and bottom of the glass bottle using a small brush.

[0022] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Currently reported methods for artificially raising sugarcane borers include using fresh sugarcane stalk tops sterilized under high pressure to continuously raise the borers for generations, thus replacing artificial feed with natural feed. Compared to synthetic feed, this method can stimulate larval growth and development. However, through actual breeding experiments, the applicant found that fresh sugarcane stalk tops are prone to mold and need frequent replacement. Furthermore, when removing the borers from the sugarcane to replace them with fresh stalk tops, the borers are easily damaged and die, especially small larvae, resulting in a low larval survival rate. Therefore, although natural feed has advantages that artificial feed cannot match, current methods for raising sugarcane borers with natural feed still have shortcomings and urgently need improvement. Based on this, the applicant proposes using water chestnuts for breeding. Firstly, water chestnuts are easy to obtain and have low costs. Secondly, experiments have shown that water chestnut breeding can improve indicators such as hatching rate and larval survival rate. Therefore, this application proposes that water chestnut breeding is superior to sugarcane breeding.

[0024] 2. The method of this application allows the hatching of yellow rice borer eggs to take place in an internal space, eliminating the need for disinfection of the blackheads of the yellow rice borer eggs, reducing costs, avoiding damage to the yellow rice borer eggs during the disinfection process, avoiding insect death caused by disinfection, and improving the survival rate of larvae.

[0025] 3. Experiments have shown that the sugarcane yellow stem borer reared using the method described in this application exhibits high larval survival rates, egg hatching rates, and emergence rates. This indicates that this rearing method fully meets the requirements for indoor rearing of the sugarcane yellow stem borer, with high survival and reproduction rates, and can yield a large number of well-developed test insects in a short period of time.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] This embodiment provides a method for raising sugarcane yellow leafminer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0029] (1) Egg hatching: The hatching conditions are 25℃, and the development period of yellow moth eggs is 5 days. On the fourth day after the yellow moth lays eggs, before the eggs hatch, put water chestnut A into a glass bottle containing yellow moth eggs for the newly hatched larvae to burrow in and feed. At the same time, seal the mouth of the glass bottle with paper towels and rubber rings to prevent the newly hatched larvae from escaping. The glass bottle in step (1) is 10cm in diameter and 15cm in height. It should be sterilized in a drying oven at 100℃ before use.

[0030] (2) Changing the box: After the newly hatched larvae have burrowed into the water chestnut A for 1 day, the water chestnut A is moved into the insect rearing box; the insect rearing box in step (2) includes a lid, and the lid is provided with 150-mesh copper mesh ventilation holes;

[0031] (3) Replace the water bamboo: Seven days after changing the container, break the water bamboo A into small pieces and place them in the insect rearing box, and put in fresh water bamboo B so that the larvae in water bamboo A can crawl out to feed. At this time, the larvae are in the 3rd instar. One day later, take them out and peel the larvae out by hand, and put them into a petri dish lined with multiple layers of sterile paper towels and water bamboo B, with 10 larvae per dish. Depending on the feeding situation of the larvae, replace water bamboo B and petri dish every 3 days. The water bamboo A is fresh water bamboo. The water bamboo A is cut at every 8mm thickness, but not cut through, so that the larvae can crawl into the water bamboo from the cut to feed. The water bamboo B is fresh water bamboo. The water bamboo B is cut into 9mm squares, and one larva is crawled into each piece of water bamboo B.

[0032] (4) Pupation: After the larvae reach the fifth larval stage, place multiple layers of filter paper in a petri dish for them to spin cocoons and pupate. The multiple layers of filter paper are treated as follows: fresh sugarcane leaves are crushed into a pulp with a small amount of sugarcane juice, and then the filter paper is soaked layer by layer in the pulp. After being removed and dried, they are ready for use.

[0033] (5) Pupa emergence: Take out the pupa and place it in a petri dish lined with a damp gauze to keep it moist. Then place the petri dish in a rearing box with a mesh screen until the pupa emerges as a moth.

[0034] (6) Egg laying: The male and female yellow rice moths are placed in a glass bottle coated with honey water for mating and egg laying. Fresh sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton are placed in the bottle for the yellow rice moths to lay eggs. The glass bottle is also filled with sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton for the yellow rice moths to lay eggs. The glass bottle and sugarcane leaves are replaced daily, and the sugarcane leaves that have laid yellow rice moth eggs are moistened with damp cotton. The honey water is 12% longan honey. The honey water is evenly applied to the inner wall and bottom of the glass bottle with a small brush.

[0035] (7) Repeat steps (1)-(6) after feathering.

[0036] Example 2:

[0037] This embodiment provides a method for raising sugarcane yellow leafminer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Egg hatching: The hatching conditions are 26℃, and the development period of yellow moth eggs is 5 days. On the fourth day after the yellow moth lays eggs, before the eggs hatch, put water chestnut A into a glass bottle containing yellow moth eggs for the newly hatched larvae to burrow in and feed. At the same time, seal the mouth of the glass bottle with paper towels and rubber rings to prevent the newly hatched larvae from escaping. The glass bottle in step (1) has a diameter of 15cm and a height of 17cm. It should be sterilized in a drying oven at 100℃ before use.

[0039] (2) Changing the box: After the newly hatched larvae have burrowed into the water chestnut A for 2 days, the water chestnut A is moved into the insect rearing box; the insect rearing box in step (2) includes a lid, and the lid is provided with 200-mesh copper mesh ventilation holes;

[0040] (3) Replace the water bamboo: Eight days after changing the container, break the water bamboo A into small pieces and place them in the insect rearing box, and put in fresh water bamboo B so that the larvae in water bamboo A can crawl out to feed. At this time, the larvae are in the 3rd instar. Two days later, take them out and peel the larvae out by hand, and put them into a petri dish lined with multiple layers of sterile paper towels and water bamboo B, with 10 larvae per dish. Depending on the feeding situation of the larvae, replace water bamboo B and petri dish every 3 days. The water bamboo A is fresh water bamboo. The water bamboo A is cut at every 9mm thickness, but not cut through, so that the larvae can crawl into the water bamboo from the cut to feed. The water bamboo B is fresh water bamboo. The water bamboo B is cut into 10mm squares, and one larva is crawled into each piece of water bamboo B.

[0041] (4) Pupation: After the larvae reach the fifth larval stage, place multiple layers of filter paper in a petri dish for them to spin cocoons and pupate. The multiple layers of filter paper are treated as follows: fresh sugarcane leaves are crushed into a pulp with a small amount of sugarcane juice, and then the filter paper is soaked layer by layer in the pulp. After being removed and dried, they are ready for use.

[0042] (5) Pupa emergence: Take out the pupa and place it in a petri dish lined with a damp gauze to keep it moist. Then place the petri dish in a rearing box with a mesh screen until the pupa emerges as a moth.

[0043] (6) Egg laying: The male and female yellow rice moths are placed in a glass bottle coated with honey water for mating and egg laying. Fresh sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton are placed in the bottle for the yellow rice moths to lay eggs. The glass bottle is also filled with sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton for the yellow rice moths to lay eggs. The glass bottle and sugarcane leaves are replaced daily, and the sugarcane leaves that have laid yellow rice moth eggs are moistened with damp cotton. The honey water is 12% longan honey. The honey water is evenly applied to the inner wall and bottom of the glass bottle with a small brush.

[0044] (7) Repeat steps (1)-(6) after feathering.

[0045] Example 3:

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for raising sugarcane yellow leafminer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0047] (1) Egg hatching: The hatching conditions are 27℃, and the development period of yellow moth eggs is 6 days. On the fourth day after the yellow moth lays eggs, before the eggs hatch, put water chestnut A into a glass bottle containing yellow moth eggs for the newly hatched larvae to burrow in and feed. At the same time, seal the mouth of the glass bottle with paper towels and rubber rings to prevent the newly hatched larvae from escaping. The glass bottle in step (1) is 20cm in diameter and 20cm in height. It should be sterilized in a drying oven at 100℃ before use.

[0048] (2) Changing the box: After the newly hatched larvae have burrowed into the water chestnut A for 2 days, the water chestnut A is moved into the insect rearing box; the insect rearing box in step (2) includes a lid, and the lid is provided with 250-mesh copper mesh ventilation holes;

[0049] (3) Replace the water bamboo: 10 days after changing the container, break the water bamboo A into small pieces and place them in the insect rearing box, and put in fresh water bamboo B so that the larvae in water bamboo A can crawl out to feed. At this time, the larvae are in the 4th instar. After 1-2 days, take them out and peel off the larvae by hand, and put them into a petri dish with multiple layers of sterile paper towels and water bamboo B, with 10 larvae per dish. According to the feeding situation of the larvae, replace water bamboo B and petri dish every 4 days. The water bamboo A is fresh water bamboo. The water bamboo A is cut at every 10mm thickness, but not cut through, so that the larvae can crawl into the water bamboo from the cut to feed. The water bamboo B is fresh water bamboo. The water bamboo B is cut into 12mm squares, and one larva is crawled into each piece of water bamboo B.

[0050] (4) Pupation: After the larvae reach the fifth larval stage, place multiple layers of filter paper in a petri dish for them to spin cocoons and pupate. The multiple layers of filter paper are treated as follows: fresh sugarcane leaves are crushed into a pulp with a small amount of sugarcane juice, and then the filter paper is soaked layer by layer in the pulp. After being removed and dried, they are ready for use.

[0051] (5) Pupa emergence: Take out the pupa and place it in a petri dish lined with a damp gauze to keep it moist. Then place the petri dish in a rearing box with a mesh screen until the pupa emerges as a moth.

[0052] (6) Egg laying: The male and female yellow rice moths are placed in a glass bottle coated with honey water for mating and egg laying. Fresh sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton are placed in the bottle for the yellow rice moths to lay eggs. The glass bottle is also filled with sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton for the yellow rice moths to lay eggs. The glass bottle and sugarcane leaves are replaced daily, and the sugarcane leaves that have laid yellow rice moth eggs are moistened with damp cotton. The honey water is 12% longan honey. The honey water is evenly applied to the inner wall and bottom of the glass bottle with a small brush.

[0053] (7) Repeat steps (1)-(6) after feathering.

[0054] Experimental example:

[0055] To demonstrate the effectiveness of this application, the applicant conducted relevant experiments;

[0056] The experimental insect source was collected from the severely damaged sugarcane area in Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Overwintering mature larvae and pupae of sugarcane borers were collected and brought back indoors for rearing. The larvae were reared in sugarcane in insect rearing boxes. After the sugarcane was reared until they emerged, the male and female moths of the sugarcane borer were used for later use.

[0057] The effects of several feeding methods were compared, and the groups are as follows:

[0058] Group 1: The feeding method described in Example 2;

[0059] Group 2: Do not distinguish between water bamboo A and water bamboo B, other methods are the same as Group 1;

[0060] Group 3: Replace water chestnuts with sugarcane, otherwise the same as Group 1;

[0061] Group 4: Multi-layer filter paper without special treatment; other methods are the same as Group 1.

[0062] Group 5: Place honey water on a cotton ball, and follow the same steps as Group 1.

[0063] The growth of sugarcane borers in the above groups was compared. All groups were reared in the same environment, with all conditions identical except for the differences mentioned. Each group was repeated three times, with 30 insects per replicate. After the second generation, key life parameters for each developmental stage were measured, including egg hatching rate, larval survival rate, emergence rate, and number of eggs laid per female. Average values ​​were then taken.

[0064] The results are shown in Table 1:

[0065] Table 1. Life parameters of sugarcane borers during rearing

[0066] Egg hatching rate / % Larval survival rate / % Feathering rate / % Egg production per female / seed Developmental period / day Group 1 90.5 43.8 90.3 240.2 19.8 Group 2 88.9 32.0 86.8 212.8 21.6 Group 3 87.9 13.4 88.8 231.4 22.9 Group 4 89.9 32.4 87.5 215.5 20.2 Group 5 87.0 40.0 89.2 220.0 20.0

[0067] As shown in Table 1, the sugarcane yellow borer reared using the method described in this application exhibited higher larval survival rate, egg hatching rate, and emergence rate compared to the other two methods. This indicates that this rearing method fully meets the requirements for indoor rearing of sugarcane yellow borers, with high survival and reproduction rates, and can yield a large number of well-developed test insects in a short period.

[0068] The second group, which did not separate water chestnut A and water chestnut B from larvae of different sizes and reared them in different dishes, found that many older larvae could not pupate normally and died, resulting in a low pupation rate. During rearing, it was found that the survival rate of 1st-3rd instar water chestnut larvae was higher, reaching about 80%. However, older larvae consumed more food, produced more feces, and increased humidity, making them more prone to competition, death, and infection among individuals. Water chestnut B larvae were smaller, with 8-10 larvae per dish, resulting in a slightly improved pupation rate. In the third group, water chestnuts were replaced with young sugarcane stalks, and all vital parameters decreased. The survival rate of 1st-3rd instar larvae was only 41%, and it was also found that sugarcane rotted easily and required frequent replacement. In this application, water chestnuts could be replaced based on feeding behavior, whereas sugarcane rearing requires timely replacement to prevent rotting.

[0069] The various embodiments of this invention are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of rearing of the yellow borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker, characterized by, The method includes the following steps: (1) Egg hatching: The hatching conditions are 25-27℃, and the development period of yellow moth eggs is 5-6 days. On the fourth day after the yellow moth lays eggs, before the eggs hatch, put water chestnut A into a glass bottle containing yellow moth eggs for the newly hatched larvae to burrow in and feed. At the same time, seal the mouth of the glass bottle with paper towels and rubber rings to prevent the newly hatched larvae from escaping. (2) Changing the box: After the newly hatched larvae have burrowed into the water chestnut A for 1-2 days, the water chestnut A is moved into the insect rearing box; (3) Change the water bamboo: 7-10 days after changing the box, break the water bamboo A into small pieces and place them in the insect rearing box, and put in fresh water bamboo B so that the larvae in water bamboo A can crawl out to feed. At this time, the larvae are in the 3rd-4th instar. After 1-2 days, take them out and peel them off by hand, and put them into a petri dish with multiple layers of sterile paper towels and water bamboo B, with 10 larvae per dish. Depending on the feeding situation of the larvae, change the water bamboo B and the petri dish every 3-4 days. (4) Pupation: After the larvae have grown to 5 molts, place multiple layers of filter paper in a petri dish for them to spin cocoons and pupate; (5) Pupa emergence: Take out the pupa and place it in a petri dish lined with a damp gauze to keep it moist. Then place the petri dish in a rearing box with a mesh screen until the pupa emerges as a moth. (6) Egg laying: Place the male and female yellow moths in a glass bottle coated with honey water for mating and egg laying. Place fresh sugarcane leaves moistened with wet cotton in the bottle for the yellow moths to lay eggs. (7) Repeat steps (1)-(6) after feathering; The multi-layer filter paper in step (4) is processed as follows: fresh sugarcane leaves are crushed into a pulp with a small amount of sugarcane juice, and then the filter paper is soaked in the pulp layer by layer, taken out and dried for later use; the honey water in step (6) is longan honey with a concentration of 12%; the honey water in step (6) is evenly applied to the inner wall and bottom of the glass bottle with a small brush.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass bottles in step (1) are 10-20cm in diameter and 15-20cm in height, and are sterilized in a drying oven at 100℃ before use.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insect rearing box in step (2) includes a lid with 150-250 mesh copper mesh ventilation holes.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (6), sugarcane leaves moistened with damp cotton are placed in the glass bottle for the yellow rice borer to lay eggs. The glass bottle and sugarcane leaves are replaced daily, and the sugarcane leaves that have been laid with yellow rice borer eggs are moistened with damp cotton.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water bamboo A is fresh water bamboo, and the water bamboo A is cut at every 8-10mm thickness, but not cut through, so that larvae can burrow into the water bamboo through the cut to feed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water bamboo B is fresh water bamboo, which is cut into 9-12mm square pieces, with one worm burrowing into each piece of water bamboo B.