Low-power consumption circuit applied to electronic watch list and implementation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a low-power-consumption circuit applied to an electronic duty roster and an implementation method thereof. The circuit comprises at least a control unit, a switching unit and a display unit. The control unit is connected with the switching unit. The switching unit is connected with the display unit. The switching unit comprises a switching module, a sampling module and a charging module. The switching module is connected with the sampling module. The switching module is connected with the charging module. The sampling module is connected with the charging module in parallel. The application changes the current of the sampling module by changing the high and low levels, realizes the target output of the sampling module, reduces the power consumption of the circuit, and protects the components in the circuit, improves the service life of the product, and reduces resource waste when the high and low levels are dynamically changed. The application can be applied to the technical field of electronic circuits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a low-power circuit for use in electronic duty cards and its implementation method. Background Technology

[0002] In current mainstream circuit designs, the internal resistance of the battery in an electronic duty card increases as the battery level decreases. The Wi-Fi RF circuit of the electronic duty card experiences significant instantaneous current during operation, which can easily pull down the power supply voltage and cause the MCU to reset when the battery is low. Furthermore, the voltage sampling circuit of the electronic duty card has a high quiescent current, resulting in high power consumption. Moreover, the large instantaneous current makes the circuit components susceptible to damage when the electronic duty card is turned on. Therefore, there are still technical problems that need to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide a low-power circuit and its implementation method for use in electronic duty cards.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application includes: a low-power circuit for an electronic duty card, the low-power circuit including at least a control unit, a switching unit, and a display unit; the control unit is connected to the switching unit; the switching unit is connected to the display unit, wherein the switching unit includes: a switching module, a sampling module, and a charging module; the switching module is connected to the sampling module; the switching module is connected to the charging module; the sampling module and the charging module are connected in parallel. This circuit can adjust the output of the control module to dynamically change high and low levels at different times, so that the sampling module reaches the target voltage during the continuous charging and discharging of the charging module. This application changes the current of the sampling module by changing the high and low levels to achieve the target output of the sampling module, which can reduce the power consumption of the circuit. Moreover, due to the presence of the charging module, the circuit current will not change suddenly when the output of the dynamically changing high and low levels changes, which can protect the components in the circuit, improve the product life, and reduce resource waste.

[0006] In addition, the data conversion method based on light-emitting diodes according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0007] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the switching module includes a first switching structure and a second switching structure; the first switching structure is connected to the second switching structure; the first switching structure is connected to the control unit; and the second switching structure is connected to the sampling module. This embodiment uses two switching structures to achieve the cutoff and on / off of the switching unit, enabling the entire circuit to be turned on and off simultaneously while reducing inrush current damage to devices and improving the lifespan of low-power circuits.

[0008] Further, in this embodiment, the first switching structure includes a first switching device and a first voltage regulator; the first switching device includes an N-channel field-effect transistor (FET) or an NPN transistor; when the first switching device is an N-channel FET, the first terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the gate of the N-channel FET; the second terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the source of the N-channel FET; when the first switching device is an NPN transistor, the first terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the base of the NPN transistor; the second terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the emitter of the NPN transistor.

[0009] Further, in this embodiment, the second switching structure includes a second switching device and a second voltage regulator; the second switching device includes a P-channel field-effect transistor (FET) or a PNP transistor; when the second switching device is a P-channel FET, the first terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the gate of the P-channel FET; the second terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the source of the P-channel FET; when the second switching device is a PNP transistor, the first terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the base of the PNP transistor; the second terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the emitter of the PNP transistor.

[0010] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first voltage regulator includes one or more combinations of a resistor, an incandescent lamp, or a tungsten filament lamp. This embodiment uses various combinations of resistive devices to maintain the turn-on voltage of the first switching device at a fixed value, reducing electrical signal interference and providing accuracy in turn-on and turn-off control.

[0011] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the charging module includes one or more electrolytic capacitors; when the charging module includes two or more electrolytic capacitors, any two electrolytic capacitors are connected in series. This embodiment uses one or more electrolytic capacitors to achieve the circuit charging process, avoiding damage to the sampling module's resistor due to excessive instantaneous current when the low-power circuit is turned on or off, thus improving the circuit's lifespan.

[0012] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, the sampling module includes a first resistor and a second resistor; one end of the first resistor is connected to the switching module; the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor; and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0013] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 5:1. By setting the resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor to 5:1, this embodiment enables the output voltage of the sampling module to be acquired by the MCU, thereby achieving feedback control of the MCU.

[0014] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the circuit further includes a voltage regulator unit; the voltage regulator unit is used to stabilize the input voltage to the control unit at a preset voltage. This embodiment, by setting the voltage regulator unit to stabilize the input voltage to the MCU at a certain threshold, allows the MCU to continue operating normally even under conditions of power signal interference, thereby improving circuit stability.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also provides a low-power circuit implementation method, implemented using the aforementioned low-power circuit. The method includes: a control module outputting a high level, a switch module being turned on, causing the charging module to charge and the output voltage of the sampling module to rise; determining that the charging time has reached a first preset threshold, adjusting the control module outputting a low level to cause the charging module to discharge and the output voltage of the sampling module to decrease; determining that the discharge time has reached a second preset threshold, adjusting the control module outputting a high level; returning to the execution steps of determining that the charging time has reached the first preset threshold, adjusting the control module outputting a low level to cause the charging module to discharge and the output voltage of the sampling module to decrease, and determining that the discharge time has reached the second preset threshold, adjusting the control module outputting a high level, until the output voltage of the sampling module is the target voltage.

[0016] The advantages and beneficial effects of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application:

[0017] This application can adjust the output of the control module to dynamically change high and low levels at different times, so that the sampling module can reach the target voltage during the continuous charging and discharging of the charging module. This application changes the current of the sampling module by changing the high and low levels, thereby achieving the target output of the sampling module. This can reduce the power consumption of the circuit. Moreover, due to the presence of the charging module, the circuit current will not change suddenly when the output of the dynamically changing high and low levels is applied, which can protect the components in the circuit, improve the product life and reduce resource waste. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a low-power circuit applied to an electronic duty card in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a switching unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the low-power circuit applied to an electronic duty card in another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the low-power circuit applied to an electronic duty card in another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the low-power circuit applied to an electronic duty card in another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a low-power circuit implementation method in another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the low-power circuit applied to an electronic duty card in another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the electronic duty card function in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the duty card content of an electronic duty card in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the system deployment of the electronic duty card in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates the principles and processes of the low-power circuit and its implementation method applied to an electronic duty card according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a low-power circuit applied to an electronic duty card, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1In this context, the low-power circuit used in the electronic duty card may include, but is not limited to, a control unit 1, a switching unit 2, and a display unit 3. The control unit can be connected to the switching unit; the switching unit can be connected to the display unit. Control unit 1 may include a WIFI module, an MCU, and its peripheral circuitry. The WIFI module can be connected to the MCU module, allowing external systems to control the MCU's output via the WIFI module. The MCU itself has a clock module, which can control the periodic illumination of the display unit. The display unit may include a display driver module and a display screen, where the display screen can be an existing or yet-to-be-developed display screen such as TFT, LCD, or OLED. The structure of the switching unit 2 can be referenced... Figure 2 .exist Figure 2 In this circuit, the switching unit may include a switching module 21, a sampling module 22, and a charging module 23. The switching module 21 can be connected to the sampling module 22; the switching module 21 can also be connected to the charging module 23; the sampling module 22 and the charging module 23 can be connected in parallel. The switching unit 2 can receive high and low voltage levels from the control unit 1. The switching module 21 inside the switching unit 2 can turn itself on and off according to the high and low voltage levels. When the switching module 21 is on or off, the sampling module 22 can sample the voltage of its internal resistance and output the corresponding voltage. Simultaneously, the charging module 23 can charge and discharge according to the high and low voltage levels. The control unit 1 can collect electrical parameters of the circuit based on the voltage output by the sampling module 22.

[0030] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, reference is made to... Figure 3 The switching module may include a first switching structure 211 and a second switching structure 212. The first switching structure 211 can be connected to the second switching structure 212; the first switching structure 211 can be connected to the control unit 1; and the second switching structure 212 can be connected to the sampling module 22. It is understood that the first switching structure 211 can be a device capable of performing a switching function, such as a knife switch or a relay, or it can be a circuit capable of performing a switching function, such as a common-base amplifier circuit of a transistor, a common-gate amplifier circuit of a field-effect transistor, or a common-drain amplifier circuit of a transistor. These circuits all have switching devices and components such as resistors and capacitors. Similarly, the second switching structure 212 can also be a device capable of performing a switching function, such as a knife switch or a relay, or it can be a circuit capable of performing a switching function, such as a common-base amplifier circuit of a transistor, a common-gate amplifier circuit of a field-effect transistor, or a common-drain amplifier circuit of a transistor. These circuits all have switching devices and components such as resistors and capacitors.

[0031] This embodiment uses two switching structures to turn the switching unit off and on, which can reduce the damage of surge current to the device and improve the lifespan of the low-power circuit while turning the entire circuit on and off.

[0032] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, reference is made to... Figure 3 The first switching structure may include a first switching device Q1 and a first voltage regulator R2. The first switching device may include an N-channel field-effect transistor (FET) or an NPN transistor. One end of the first switching structure is connected to ground, and the other end is connected to the second switching structure. When the first switching device is an N-channel FET, the first end of the first voltage regulator is connected to the gate of the N-channel FET; the second end of the first voltage regulator can be connected to the source of the N-channel FET. When the first switching device is an NPN transistor, the first end of the first voltage regulator can be connected to the base of the NPN transistor; the second end of the first voltage regulator can be connected to the emitter of the NPN transistor.

[0033] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, the first voltage regulator may include one or more combinations of a resistor, an incandescent lamp, or a tungsten filament lamp. That is, the first voltage regulator may be a resistor, an incandescent lamp, a tungsten filament lamp, two or more resistors connected in series, two or more resistors connected in parallel, two or more incandescent lamps connected in series, two or more tungsten filament lamps connected in parallel, a combination of a resistor and an incandescent lamp, or a combination of two of the three devices or all three devices used simultaneously, with their connection method being either series or parallel. It is understood that the first voltage regulator may be a resistive device or a resistive load. A resistive load is defined as one where there is no phase difference between the load current and the load voltage compared to the power supply; in other words, a purely resistive load that functions solely through resistive components is called a resistive load. In short, the relationship between the current and voltage of a resistive load conforms to the basic Ohm's law I = U / R. The first voltage regulator is placed between the source and gate of the field-effect transistor (FET), which can stabilize the voltage between the source and gate of the FET, allowing the FET to conduct smoothly and the circuit to start smoothly. The first voltage regulator is placed between the base and emitter of the NPN transistor, which can stabilize the voltage between the base and emitter of the transistor, allowing the transistor to conduct smoothly and the circuit to start smoothly.

[0034] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, reference is made to... Figure 3The second switching structure may include a second switching device U1 and a second voltage regulator R3; the second switching device may include a P-channel field-effect transistor (FET) or a PNP transistor. One end of the second switching structure is connected to the power supply VCC, and the other end is connected to the first switching structure. When the second switching device is a P-channel FET, the first end of the second voltage regulator can be connected to the gate of the P-channel FET; the second end of the second voltage regulator is connected to the drain of the P-channel FET. When the second switching device is a PNP transistor, the first end of the second voltage regulator is connected to the base of the PNP transistor; the second end of the second voltage regulator is connected to the collector of the PNP transistor.

[0035] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, the second voltage regulator may also include one or more combinations of a resistor, an incandescent lamp, or a tungsten filament lamp. That is, the second voltage regulator can also be a resistor, an incandescent lamp, a tungsten filament lamp, two or more resistors connected in series, two or more resistors connected in parallel, two or more incandescent lamps connected in series, two or more tungsten filament lamps connected in parallel, a combination of a resistor and an incandescent lamp, or a combination of two of the three devices, or all three devices used simultaneously. When used simultaneously, their connection method can be series or parallel. It is understood that when the second voltage regulator is connected in parallel between the source and gate of the field-effect transistor (FET), it can stabilize the voltage between the source and gate of the FET, allowing the FET to conduct smoothly and the circuit to start smoothly; when the second voltage regulator is located between the base and emitter of a PNP transistor, it can stabilize the voltage between the base and emitter of the transistor, allowing the transistor to conduct smoothly and the circuit to start smoothly.

[0036] This embodiment uses a variety of combined resistive devices to maintain the turn-on voltage of the first switching device at a fixed value, which can reduce electrical signal interference and provide accuracy in turn-on and turn-off control.

[0037] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, the charging module may include one or more electrolytic capacitors; when the charging module is a single electrolytic capacitor, the positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor is connected to the power supply; when the charging module includes two or more electrolytic capacitors, any two electrolytic capacitors are connected in series; when two electrolytic capacitors are connected in series, the positive terminal of the first electrolytic capacitor can be connected to the power supply, and the negative terminal of the second electrolytic capacitor can be connected to ground; the positive terminal of the second electrolytic capacitor can be connected to the negative terminal of the first electrolytic capacitor. It is understood that when the switching module receives a high-level signal from the control module, the circuit is turned on, and the electrolytic capacitor can be charged and store the charge.

[0038] This embodiment uses one or more electrolytic capacitors to achieve the circuit charging process, avoiding damage to the sampling module resistor caused by excessive instantaneous current when the low-power circuit is turned on or off, thus improving the circuit's lifespan.

[0039] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, reference is made to... Figure 3 The sampling module may include a first resistor R4 and a second resistor R5; one end of the first resistor R4 may be connected to one end of the second switching device of the switching module; the other end of the first resistor R4 may be connected to one end of the second resistor R5; the other end of the second resistor R5 may be connected to ground, wherein the other end of the first resistor R4 serves as the output of the sampling module.

[0040] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, the resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 5:1. With a 5:1 resistance ratio, the output voltage of the sampling module is the voltage division of the second resistor in the circuit. If the switching module is on, the divided voltage can be captured by the MCU inside the control module, and the on / off state of the switching module can be determined based on the divided voltage. For example, when the resistance of the first resistor is 10KΩ, the resistance of the second resistor is 2KΩ. If the switching module is on at this time, the voltage division ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 5:1. If the power supply VCC is 5V, the voltage at the other end of the first resistor is approximately 5 / 6V, which is the voltage output of the sampling module. It is understood that a 5:1 resistance ratio can also be achieved using an adjustable resistor. Specifically, the first resistor can be an adjustable resistor, while the second resistor is a fixed-value resistor. By adjusting the specific resistance value of the first resistor, the resistance ratio between the first and second resistors can be achieved to 5:1. Similarly, the second resistor can be an adjustable resistor, while the first resistor is a fixed resistor. By adjusting the specific resistance value of the second resistor, the resistance ratio between the first and second resistors can be achieved to 5:1. Alternatively, both the first and second resistors can be adjustable resistors, and by simultaneously adjusting the specific resistance values ​​of both, the resistance ratio between the first and second resistors can be achieved to 5:1.

[0041] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, the circuit may further include a voltage regulator unit; the voltage regulator unit may share a ground line with the control unit and the switching unit. The voltage regulator unit can be used to stabilize the input voltage of the input control unit at a preset voltage. The preset voltage may be 3.3V or 5V, and the specific voltage value can be determined according to the model of the MCU used in the control module. For example, refer to... Figure 4The voltage regulator unit may include a voltage regulator chip U2, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4. The VIN pin of the voltage regulator chip U2 can be connected to the power supply, and both the VIN and CE pins of the voltage regulator chip U2 can be connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2. The other end of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to ground. One end of the parallel connection of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 can be connected to the VOUT pin of the voltage regulator chip U2, and the other end can be connected to ground. The VOUT pin can be connected to the power interface J4 of the control module. It can be understood that the second capacitor C2 can act as a filter capacitor, filtering out the AC signal or other interfering signals from the VIN pin of the voltage regulator chip U2, ensuring that the voltage regulator chip U2 receives a interference-free 5V signal. The third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 can also act as filter capacitors, ensuring that the signal at the VOUT pin of the voltage regulator chip U2 is a stable 3.3V DC signal.

[0042] This embodiment stabilizes the input voltage to the MCU to a certain threshold by setting a voltage regulator unit, which allows the MCU to continue to operate normally even when power signal interference exists, thereby improving the stability of the circuit.

[0043] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments of this application, the circuit may further include a rectifier diode. The rectifier diode may be disposed at the output terminal of the switching unit. For example, refer to... Figure 5 ,exist Figure 5 The anode of the rectifier diode can be connected to the anode of the electrolytic capacitor, and the cathode can be connected to the input interface J3 of the display unit. It can be understood that the rectifier diode models can include IN4148, IN4001, IN4007, 70HF80, MRA4003T3G, 1SS355, 6A10, and B5G090L. IN4148 can be mounted as either surface mount or through-hole, and is suitable for high-power rectification. IN4007 or IN4001 can be mounted as through-hole, and is suitable for low-power or low-frequency circuit rectification. 70HF80 can be mounted as a through-hole screw, and is suitable for high-power or high-frequency circuit rectification. MRA4003T3G can be mounted as a surface mount. 1SS355 can also be mounted as a surface mount, and is suitable for high-power circuit rectification. The 6A10 can be installed via through-hole mounting. The 6A10 is suitable for rectification in high-power circuits. The 2DHG can also be installed via through-hole mounting and is suitable for rectification in high-power circuits. The B5G090L can also be installed via through-hole mounting and is suitable for rectification in low-power or ultra-high-frequency circuits.

[0044] In addition, refer to Figure 6 This application also provides a method for implementing a low-power circuit. This method can be implemented using the low-power circuit described above for use in electronic duty cards. The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S101-S104.

[0045] S101, the control module outputs a high level, the switch module is turned on, the charging module is charged and the output voltage of the sampling module rises.

[0046] It is understandable that the control module may include an MCU, and the control module can output a high level by running the MCU's built-in program. The switch module can be configured to be on when the control module outputs a high level and off when the low level is low.

[0047] In some feasible embodiments of this application, the control module outputs a high level after running its stored program. At this time, the switch module is turned on, and the charging module starts charging. Since the sampling module and the charging module are connected in parallel, their output voltage will also gradually increase.

[0048] S102. Determine that the charging time has reached the first preset threshold, adjust the output level of the control module to low level so that the charging module discharges and the output voltage of the sampling module decreases.

[0049] Understandably, the first preset threshold is a time threshold. When the control module outputs a periodic high-low level signal, such as a PWM wave or a square wave, the first time threshold can be the time corresponding to half a cycle of the PWM wave or square wave.

[0050] In some feasible embodiments of this application, after the control module runs the program, it determines that the charging time has reached a first preset threshold and can adjust the output level to low. After the output level is low, the switch module is not turned on, the charging module discharges, and the output voltage of the sampling module decreases.

[0051] S103. Determine that the discharge time has reached the second preset threshold, and adjust the control module output to a high level.

[0052] Understandably, the second preset threshold is a time threshold. When the control module outputs a periodic high-low level signal, such as a PWM wave or a square wave, the second time threshold can be the time corresponding to half a cycle of the PWM wave or square wave.

[0053] In some feasible embodiments of this application, after the control module runs the program, it determines that the discharge time has reached a second preset threshold and can adjust the output level to high. After the output level is high, the switch module is not turned on, the charging module charges, and the output voltage of the sampling module increases.

[0054] It should be noted that because the discharge capacity of an electrolytic capacitor is less than the supply capacity of the power supply, the amount of discharge from the electrolytic capacitor during the time the switching module is off is less than the amount of charge the power supply provides to the electrolytic capacitor during the time the switching module is on. After one charge and discharge cycle, the stored charge in the electrolytic capacitor remains in an increasing state.

[0055] S104. Return to the execution steps to determine that the charging time has reached the first preset threshold, adjust the control module output to a low level to make the charging module discharge and the output voltage of the sampling module decrease, and determine that the discharge time has reached the second preset threshold, adjust the control module output to a high level until the output voltage of the sampling module is the target voltage.

[0056] Understandably, the target voltage can be the maximum voltage achievable by the sampling module connected in parallel with the electrolytic capacitor after the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor reaches its maximum value. The specific value of the maximum voltage can be determined by the resistance ratio of the two resistors connected in series in the sampling module and the specific value of the power supply VCC input to the sampling module. For example, if the voltage of VCC is 12V, and the resistance ratio of the two resistors connected in series is 5KΩ for the first resistor and 1KΩ for the second resistor, the maximum voltage is 12 / (5+1) = 2V.

[0057] In some feasible embodiments of this application, the control module can determine that the charging time has reached a first preset threshold by running an internal program and returning to the execution steps. It then adjusts the control module output to a low level to discharge the charging module and reduce the output voltage of the sampling module. Finally, it determines that the discharge time has reached a second preset threshold and adjusts the control module output to a high level until the output voltage of the sampling module reaches the target voltage. In other words, repeating the charging and discharging process of the electrolytic capacitor constitutes electrolytic capacitor charging until the electrolytic capacitor outputs a fixed maximum voltage. Once the electrolytic capacitor is at a fixed voltage, the output voltage of the sampling module is determined to be the target voltage.

[0058] It should be noted that the control module determines the charging time reaches the first preset threshold by running the internal program and returning to the execution step each time. It then adjusts the control module output to a low level to make the charging module discharge and the output voltage of the sampling module decreases. After determining that the discharge time reaches the second preset threshold and adjusting the control module output to a high level, the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor is increased compared to the voltage of the electrolytic capacitor before the above steps were executed.

[0059] For example, the control module executes the following steps by running an internal program: "determining that the charging time has reached a first preset threshold, adjusting the control module output to a low level to allow the charging module to discharge, and after the output voltage of the sampling module decreases, the voltage of the electrolytic capacitor can drop from the original 4.2V to 3.5V." At this time, the control module executes the following step: "determining that the discharge time has reached a second preset threshold, adjusting the control module output to a high level." After the control module outputs a high level, the electrolytic capacitor can continue to charge from 3.5V. Within the preset first time threshold, its voltage can be charged to 4.9V. Overall, the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor can increase from 4.5V to 4.9V after the above steps.

[0060] Furthermore, this application also provides a control system for an electronic duty card. This system may include the low-power circuit described above for the electronic duty card and a WIFI module. The WIFI module can be connected to the control unit of the low-power circuit.

[0061] The contents of the above low-power circuit embodiments are all applicable to this control system embodiment. The specific functions implemented by this control system embodiment are the same as those of the above low-power circuit embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above low-power circuit embodiments.

[0062] The specific implementation principle of this application is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0063] First, the structure and implementation principle of the low-power circuit of this application will be explained.

[0064] Reference Figure 7 ,exist Figure 7In this circuit, the voltage regulator module has an input VCC of 5V and an output of 3.3V. Port J4 connects to the power supply port of the control module, supplying power to the control module via J4. Port J1 connects to the output port of the control module, which can output high and low levels. Port J3 connects to the display unit, which can be an e-ink screen. Port J2 connects to the control unit. The voltage regulator chip is U2, the second capacitor is C2, the third capacitor is C3, and the fourth capacitor is C4. The first switching device is Q1, an N-channel enhancement-mode MOSFET. The second switching device is MOSFET U1, and Q1 is a P-channel enhancement-mode MOSFET. The first voltage regulator is resistor R2, the second voltage regulator is resistor R3, the first resistor is R4, and the second resistor is R5. The charging module consists of an electrolytic capacitor C1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the end where R4 and U1 are connected, and the cathode of D1 serves as the output of the switching unit, which is connected to the display unit. In this embodiment, Q1 and U1 use field-effect transistors (FETs). Compared to transistors, FETs are voltage-controlled devices that can achieve current and voltage flow and cutoff in a very short time, reducing the switching time of switching devices and making control more precise. Moreover, since FETs are voltage-controlled devices, the resistance between their gate and source is very high. Using FETs can reduce reverse current and surge current damage to circuit components.

[0065] exist Figure 7 The voltage regulator unit may include a voltage regulator chip U2, non-polarized capacitors C2, C3, and C4. The output terminal VOUT of voltage regulator chip U2 is connected to J4, and the input terminals VIN and CE of voltage regulator chip U2 are connected to the power supply VCC. The VSS terminal of U2 is grounded. One end of the parallel connection of non-polarized capacitors C3 and C4 is connected to VOUT, and the other end is grounded. One end of non-polarized capacitor C2 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the VIN and CE terminals. One end of resistor R2 is connected to the control module via J1, and the other end of R2 is grounded. The output terminal of voltage regulator chip U2 can output 3.3V.

[0066] The switch unit may include a power supply VCC, an electrolytic capacitor C1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor U1, and a rectifier diode D1. One end of the resistor R2 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 may be connected to the J1 terminal. The other end of the resistor R2 is grounded. One end of the resistor R3 and the source of the field effect transistor U1 may be connected to the power supply VCC. The drain of the field effect transistor Q1 and the other end of the resistor R3 may be connected to the gate of the field effect transistor U1. The source of the field effect transistor Q1 is grounded. One end of the resistor R4 may be connected to the drain of the field effect transistor U1. The other end of the resistor R4 may be connected to one end of the resistor R5. The other end of the resistor R5 may be grounded. One end of the resistor R5 may be connected to the J2 port as the output of the sampling module. The positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 may be connected to the drain of the field effect transistor U1, and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 may be grounded. The drain of the field effect transistor U1, the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1, and one end of the resistor R4 are connected as the output terminal and connected to the rectifier diode D1. The negative electrode of the rectifier diode D1 is used as the output of the switch unit.

[0067] When the MCU of the control module is in the sleep state, the J1 terminal is in the high-impedance state. At this time, VG = VS of the field effect transistor Q1, and Q1 is in the cut-off state, and the S pole and the D pole are disconnected. VG = VS of the field effect transistor U1, and U1 is in the cut-off state. Similarly, the S pole and the D pole are disconnected, the sampling circuit is not conducting, there is no current in the circuit, there is no voltage across the electrolytic capacitor C1, no leakage current will be generated, and the voltage of the J3 terminal for supplying current to the e-ink screen is zero, and the entire circuit is in a low-power state. When the MCU is in the wake-up state, the MCU outputs a PWM signal. The PWM signal is a signal with a high level for a period of time and a low level for a period of time. The J1 terminal inputs a high level. At this time, VG > VS of Q1, the S pole and the D pole of Q1 are conducting, VG < VS of U1, the S pole and the D pole of U1 are conducting, the electrolytic capacitor is charged, the voltage of J2 is 1 / 6 of Vcc, and 1 / 6 of Vcc is within the conversion range of the MCU. The voltage of J3 is the difference between Vcc and the forward voltage drop of the rectifier diode D1, and this difference can supply power to the ink screen driving circuit. Because the current is large when the voltage of the large capacitor C1 changes, which is likely to affect the circuit, and the switching speed of Q1 and U1 is fast, so in cooperation with the MCU to output a high-frequency PWN signal and charge the large capacitor with a small current. After the charging is completed until the system runs, J1 remains at a high level, and using the bidirectional conduction characteristic of the S pole and the D pole of U1, energy storage filtering is provided for the operation of the RF circuit, reducing the equivalent internal resistance of the battery.

[0068] Secondly, the implementation process of the software and hardware of the electronic duty sign of the present application is described, and this process includes steps 1.1 - 1.7.

[0069] 1.1. Design a low-power circuit and supporting program design

[0070] The electronic duty card uses a battery, and battery-powered scenarios have high requirements for low power consumption. Existing mainstream solutions have the following drawbacks: poor LOD transient response due to low quiescent current, while RF circuits have high requirements for power supply transient response; the battery's internal resistance increases as the charge decreases, and the WIFI RF circuit has a large instantaneous current, which can easily pull down the power supply voltage and cause MCU reset when the battery is low; for these reasons, a large capacitor is needed in the circuit to stabilize the power supply voltage and suppress power ripple, but existing large capacitors are mostly electrolytic capacitors or tantalum capacitors, which have large leakage current and high quiescent current; to measure the battery voltage to estimate the current battery charge, a voltage sampling circuit is needed to ensure the voltage range matches the MCU's built-in ADC range, but the voltage sampling circuit has a high quiescent current; to reduce the power consumption of the large capacitor and battery voltage circuit, a circuit needs to be designed to connect this part of the circuit as needed, but the instantaneous current when the large capacitor is connected is extremely large, which can easily pull down the power supply voltage and cause MCU reset. To solve these problems, a hardware and software integrated solution is designed: the hardware circuit can be referenced... Figure 7 The circuit shown features a PWM capacitor charging scheme designed in the software, using a gradual charging method to reduce power supply surges. The final measured system operates stably even at low power levels, and the overall current is ≤10uA in deep sleep mode.

[0071] 1.2. Generation, Modulo, and Binary Conversion of Display Content

[0072] To reduce hardware computation, lower power consumption, and increase system flexibility, the content displayed on the duty card is rendered, color-separated, binarized, and modulated by the server. The server then sends the generated binary data to the duty card, and the duty card MUC only needs to segment the data and forward it to the e-ink screen via the SPI protocol. The complete process is as follows: the duty card uses the HTTP protocol to request data to be displayed. After receiving the request and passing authentication, the server calls the corresponding image generation method based on the identifier in the request, extracts the corresponding data from the database, and generates an image. After generating the image, it is divided into black and white and red and white parts. Then, it performs fixed-threshold binarization on each part and converts it line by line into binary data. The black and white and red and white data are then merged, control bits are added, and the data is sent directly to the electronic duty card in binary form.

[0073] 1.3 Displaying data acquisition and error retries

[0074] Reference Figure 8When the duty card connects to Wi-Fi and HTTP, connection failures or data loss may occur due to signal strength, interference, or other reasons. If the Wi-Fi connection fails or drops, it will re-initiate a certain number of reconnections. If a reconnection fails, an error message will be displayed, and the card will enter sleep mode, waiting for the next attempt. Similarly, if an HTTP request times out or data transmission times out, a certain number of retransmission and reconnection requests will be initiated. If this fails, the corresponding error message will be displayed, and the card will enter sleep mode. After receiving the data, the duty card extracts the control bits to determine if the system's Wi-Fi and other configurations need updating, and retrieves the sleep time. Then, it separates the binary data of the black-and-white and red-and-white display content and sends it to the e-ink screen using the SPI protocol via control and data commands.

[0075] 1.4 System hibernation and wake-up

[0076] After completing the normal content display or the display of abnormal error messages, the system will set a timer to wake up. The timer duration is a value calculated in seconds from the server based on the time interval between the current time and the next update. Afterward, the MCU will shut down power to peripherals and enter deep sleep mode.

[0077] 1.5 Editing and Importing Duty Information

[0078] When importing duty information from the front-end web interface, xlsx or xls format can be used. Each sheet corresponds to one duty card, with the sheet name and the name of the duty card corresponding. The table must have fields for year, month, day, name, and phone number. When importing duplicate content, the later imported information will overwrite the original information.

[0079] 1.6 Editing and Displaying Custom Content

[0080] When a duty sign has custom content set, that content will be displayed first. The custom content can be edited online using a web-based rich text editor. After editing, specify the duty sign to be modified and select upload. During upload, the program will automatically convert the HTML to canvas, then to PNG and send it to the backend. Subsequent data requests from that duty sign will use this image to generate a binary file for distribution. For specific display details of the electronic duty sign, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9 , Figure 9 The data displayed on the duty board may include the name of the duty officer and the date, the name of the duty officer from the previous day and their contact number, and the name of the duty officer for the next day and their contact number.

[0081] 1.7 SMS alerts and anomaly warnings

[0082] The system will send reminders with specified content to the mobile phones of on-duty personnel at designated times via SMS, based on the configured SMS reminders, to prevent them from forgetting their shift schedules or neglecting their duties. The system will also automatically extract on-duty sign information and alarm details daily for issues such as connection failures, connection problems, and low battery, and send them to the administrator's mobile phone to remind them to handle these abnormal situations.

[0083] Finally, the system deployment related to the electronic duty card in this application is described.

[0084] 2.1 Server-side deployment

[0085] Reference Figure 10 The server uses a cross-platform language to write backend programs and call data from the database. It controls the frontend to be deployed directly or using Docker. In actual testing, the program used about 200M of memory when preloading static resources, and it can run smoothly with 1C1G of resources.

[0086] 2.2 Deployment of Electronic Duty Boards

[0087] The electronic duty card does not require consideration of power supply location and can be deployed in locations with 2.4G WIFI coverage, avoiding moisture and direct sunlight exposure. The electronic duty card and server can support data encryption methods such as IEEE802.11b.gn protocol WEP, WPA / WPA2-PSK, and WPA3-Personal.

[0088] 2.3 Client

[0089] The management interface is web-based, allowing personnel to configure it using computers or mobile phones. The web interface features a responsive layout, requiring minimal front-end computation and lower device performance.

[0090] In summary, this application has the following advantages:

[0091] 1. The low-power circuit of this application can reduce the power consumption of the electronic duty card and reduce damage to electronic components, thereby increasing the lifespan of the electronic duty card.

[0092] 2. The electronic duty card of this application can automatically and clearly display duty information using an e-ink screen. The displayed details include, but are not limited to, the duty personnel and their phone numbers for the current day, the current day's calendar information, and the duty personnel and their phone numbers for yesterday and tomorrow morning. In addition, SMS reminders can be configured for duty personnel, with customized reminder content and time to ensure the effective implementation of the duty system.

[0093] 3. The electronic duty card of this application can display information for specific personnel and specific areas, so it needs to be easily movable and cannot be connected to communication or power lines.

[0094] 4. The electronic duty card of this application facilitates the management of duty information and duty card configuration. Users only need to log in to the web management interface to view the operational status of all managed duty cards, view and modify duty information, SMS reminder configurations, and displayed content. All duty information can be imported into a single table. The duty card is battery-powered, connects to Wi-Fi, has a long battery life due to its low power consumption, and can be placed anywhere within Wi-Fi coverage.

[0095] In some alternative embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagrams may not occur in the order shown in the operation diagrams. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, two consecutively shown blocks may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order. Furthermore, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of this application are provided by way of example to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is changed and sub-operations described as part of a larger operation are executed independently.

[0096] Furthermore, although this application is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, one or more of the functions and / or features may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in a separate physical device or software module. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for understanding this application. Rather, given the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the apparatus disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the scope of conventional technology for an engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the application set forth in the claims using ordinary techniques without excessive experimentation. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0097] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several programs to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0098] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequential list of executable programs for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, a program execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can retrieve and execute a program from or in conjunction with such a program execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can mean any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with a program execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0099] In the foregoing description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "another embodiment," or "some embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0100] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0101] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of this application, but this application is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for implementing a low-power circuit, characterized in that, This is achieved through a low-power circuit, which includes at least a control unit, a switching unit, and a display unit; wherein the control unit is connected to the switching unit; and the switching unit is connected to the display unit, the switching unit comprising: The system includes a switching module, a sampling module, and a charging module; the switching module is connected to the sampling module; the switching module is connected to the charging module; and the sampling module and the charging module are connected in parallel. The low-power circuit implementation method includes: When the control module outputs a high level, the switch module is turned on, enabling the charging module to charge and causing the output voltage of the sampling module to rise. Once the charging time reaches a first preset threshold, the control module outputs a low level, and the switch module is turned off, so that the charging module discharges and the output voltage of the sampling module decreases; wherein, during the time period when the switch module is off, the amount of discharge of the charging module is less than the amount of charging of the charging module by the power supply during the time period when the switch module is on. Once the discharge time reaches the second preset threshold, the control module outputs a high level. The process returns to the previous step, determining that the charging time has reached a first preset threshold, adjusting the control module output to a low level to discharge the charging module and reduce the output voltage of the sampling module; and then determining that the discharge time has reached a second preset threshold, adjusting the control module output to a high level until the output voltage of the sampling module reaches the target voltage, at which point the control module continues to output a high level. The target voltage is the maximum voltage that the sampling module connected in parallel with the charging module can achieve after the voltage across the charging module reaches its maximum value.

2. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a first switch structure and a second switch structure; the first switch structure is connected to the second switch structure; the first switch structure is connected to the control unit; and the second switch structure is connected to the sampling module.

3. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first switching structure includes a first switching device and a first voltage regulator; the first switching device includes an N-channel field-effect transistor (FET) or an NPN transistor; when the first switching device is an N-channel FET, the first terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the gate of the N-channel FET; the second terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the source of the N-channel FET; when the first switching device is an NPN transistor, the first terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the base of the NPN transistor; the second terminal of the first voltage regulator is connected to the emitter of the NPN transistor.

4. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second switching structure includes a second switching device and a second voltage regulator; the second switching device includes a P-channel field-effect transistor (FET) or a PNP transistor; when the second switching device is a P-channel FET, the first terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the gate of the P-channel FET; the second terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the source of the P-channel FET; when the second switching device is a PNP transistor, the first terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the base of the PNP transistor; the second terminal of the second voltage regulator is connected to the emitter of the PNP transistor.

5. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first voltage regulator includes one or more of the following: a resistor, an incandescent lamp, or a tungsten filament lamp.

6. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging module includes one or more electrolytic capacitors; when the charging module includes two or more electrolytic capacitors, any two electrolytic capacitors are connected in series.

7. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling module includes a first resistor and a second resistor; one end of the first resistor is connected to the switch module; the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor; and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

8. The low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 5:

1.

9. A low-power circuit implementation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit also includes a voltage regulator unit; the voltage regulator unit is used to stabilize the input voltage to the control unit at a preset voltage.

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