An electrical cabinet

Abstract

The application discloses an electrical cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body, a heat exchanger, a first electrical component and a second electrical component. The cabinet body is provided with a heat dissipation cavity, and the heat dissipation cavity is provided with a first side wall and a second side wall which are parallel to each other and opposite to each other along a first direction. The heat exchanger is provided with a cold air outlet and a hot air outlet close to the second side wall. The first electrical component is arranged in the heat dissipation cavity and close to the first side wall. The second electrical component is arranged in the heat dissipation cavity and located between the heat exchanger and the first electrical component along the first direction, and the heat generation of the second electrical component is greater than that of the first electrical component. The electrical cabinet further comprises an electrical plate component which is in a plate-shaped structure and is suitable for carrying a plurality of electrical units. The electrical plate component is at an angle with the second side wall, so that the airflow of the cold air outlet passes through the second electrical component and is guided to the first electrical component through the second electrical component. The electrical cabinet has high heat dissipation efficiency of the first electrical component and the second electrical component, and has high power density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical technology, and more specifically to an electrical cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical cabinets such as photovoltaic inverters and energy storage converters typically include IGBT power modules and capacitor modules. IGBT power modules and capacitor modules have high heat dissipation and protection requirements. Existing technologies, such as patent CN111465289A, describe capacitor busbar modules 6 (… Figure 1 The right side of section 6 (labeled 6) is located above the cold air outlet of heat exchanger 4, and is roughly diagonally positioned to it. Since the capacitor busbar module 6 is separated from the heat exchanger 4 by a second air duct 25, the capacitor busbar module 6 is essentially located within the airflow blind zone of the heat exchanger 4. Therefore, a turbulence fan 10 is required. The outlet of the turbulence fan 10 is positioned directly opposite the capacitor busbar module 6. The air from the turbulence fan 10, after passing through the capacitor busbar module 6, can circulate and dissipate heat through the heat exchanger 4. However, because the capacitor busbar module 6 is separated from the first air duct... With the 24-inch wall-mounted connection, heat easily accumulates in the capacitor busbar module 6, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, due to the inclined placement of the turbulence fan 10, its airflow easily interferes with the airflow at the cold air outlet of the heat exchanger 4, causing greater air resistance and slower airflow circulation at the cold air outlet. The turbulence fan also increases costs. In addition, with the capacitor busbar module 6 facing the cold air outlet of the heat exchanger 4, most of the cold air from the heat exchanger 4 is blocked by the capacitor busbar module, and only a small portion of the cold air from the heat exchanger 4 can flow to the DC disconnect switch. Figure 1 (The left side of section number 6) The heat dissipation efficiency of DC disconnect switches is also relatively low. In practical applications, electrical cabinets generally have specified height, width, and length, and electrical components with a certain power also have standard volumes. When a large number of electrical components need to be housed in an electrical cabinet, due to space limitations, sufficient heat dissipation distance cannot be formed between multiple electrical components, meaning that the heat dissipation efficiency is difficult to meet the standards. Therefore, existing electrical cabinets solve this problem by reducing the power specifications of electrical components to reduce their heat generation. However, after the power specifications of electrical components are reduced, the power of the electrical components will also decrease, resulting in a decrease in the power density of the entire electrical cabinet. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects or problems in the prior art and to provide an electrical cabinet in which the first and second electrical components in the heat dissipation cavity have high heat dissipation efficiency and improve the power density of the electrical cabinet.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention and its preferred embodiments employ the following technical solutions, but the embodiments are not limited to the following solutions:

[0005] Technical Solution 1: An electrical cabinet includes a cabinet body with a heat dissipation cavity. The heat dissipation cavity has a first sidewall and a second sidewall arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other along a first direction. A heat exchanger has a cold air inlet near the second sidewall for supplying cold air to the heat dissipation cavity and a hot air inlet for recovering hot air from the heat dissipation cavity. A first electrical component is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity and near the first sidewall. A second electrical component is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity and located between the heat exchanger and the first electrical component along the first direction. The cabinet also includes an electrical board with a plate-like structure suitable for supporting a plurality of electrical units. The electrical board forms an angle with the second sidewall so that the airflow from the cold air inlet passes through the second electrical component and is guided to the first electrical component through the second electrical component.

[0006] Based on technical solution one, there is also technical solution two. In technical solution two, the electrical board extends along the first direction and divides the heat dissipation cavity into a first air passage area corresponding to the cold air outlet and a second air passage area corresponding to the hot air outlet. The electrical unit is located in the first air passage area, and the heat generation of the second electrical component is greater than that of the first electrical component.

[0007] Based on technical solution two, there is also technical solution three. In technical solution three, the electrical board is horizontally arranged, and the first air passage zone is located below the electrical board.

[0008] Based on technical solution three, there is also technical solution four. In technical solution four, the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity is provided with a first support surface suitable for supporting the first electrical component; the second electrical component is higher than the first support surface and at least partially opposite to the first support surface.

[0009] Based on technical solution four, technical solution five is also provided. Technical solution five further includes a third electrical component whose heat generation is less than that of the second electrical component; both the cold air vent and the hot air vent are perpendicular to the first direction and extend along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, with the hot air vent higher than the cold air vent; the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity also has a wind-blocking surface perpendicular to the first direction and a second support surface parallel to the first support surface facing the second side wall, with the upper and lower ends of the wind-blocking surface respectively connecting to the first support surface and the second support surface; the third electrical component is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity and placed on the second support surface, close to the cold air vent and lower than the first support surface; the second electrical component is also at least partially opposite to the second support surface.

[0010] Based on technical solution five, there is also technical solution six. In technical solution six, each electrical unit is combined along the first direction to form two electrical modules, and a heat dissipation duct extending along the second direction is formed between the two electrical modules; the projection of the heat dissipation duct along the vertical direction is located on the second support surface.

[0011] Based on technical solution six, technical solution seven is also provided. Technical solution seven further includes a high-heat-generating component, a heat exchange device, and an airflow drive module. The high-heat-generating component is placed in a heat dissipation cavity and located in the second air passage zone. An air passage cavity is provided on the top of the cabinet. The heat dissipation cavity is relatively sealed, and the air passage cavity is provided with a main air intake and an exhaust port. The heat exchange device includes a liquid cooling unit placed in the air passage cavity and a liquid cooling plate placed in the heat dissipation cavity to dissipate heat from the high-heat-generating component. The liquid cooling unit is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling plate. The airflow drive module is placed in the air passage cavity and drives the air to flow through the liquid cooling unit to the exhaust port.

[0012] Based on technical solution seven, there is also technical solution eight. In technical solution eight, the high-heat-generating component is located above the second electrical component, and the liquid-cooled plate is parallel to and opposite to the electrical component, with an air gap forming between them.

[0013] Based on technical solution eight, there is also technical solution nine. In technical solution nine, the power module is close to and lower than the hot air vent; the first electrical component is a DC electrical component, the second electrical component is a capacitor module, the third electrical component is an AC electrical component, and the high-heat-generating component is a power module.

[0014] Based on technical solution nine, technical solution ten is also provided. In technical solution ten, the cabinet is provided with an air outlet connecting the air cavity and the heat dissipation cavity; the main air inlet is opened on the first side wall, and the exhaust outlet is opened on the top of the cabinet; the heat exchanger is an air heat exchanger, which is installed on the inner surface of the second side wall; the heat dissipation cavity is provided with an air inlet on the second side wall; the air heat exchanger is provided with a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel, the first airflow channel connecting the air inlet and the air outlet, and the second airflow channel being provided with a cold air outlet and a hot air outlet; the airflow drive module also drives the air to flow from the air inlet through the air outlet to the exhaust outlet; the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel exchange heat to remove the heat from the second airflow channel.

[0015] As can be seen from the above description of the present invention and its preferred embodiments, compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention and its preferred embodiments have the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the following technical means:

[0016] Through continuous observation, experimentation, and research, the applicant has learned that the reason for the technical problem of "low heat dissipation efficiency and high cost of capacitor modules and DC electrical components" in the existing technical solutions is that a turbulence fan needs to be set up, the heat dissipation surface of the capacitor module is blocked, heat is easily accumulated, and the DC electrical components are basically located in the airflow blind zone.

[0017] In technical solution one, the electrical board forms an angle with the second sidewall, allowing the airflow from the cold air inlet to pass through the second electrical component and be guided to the first electrical component. This design ensures that the heat from the second electrical component is carried away by the airflow, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, the structure of the second electrical component allows it to separate the airflow within the heat dissipation cavity without requiring a separate airflow guide structure. Part of the airflow flows on the surface of the electrical board, and part flows on the surface of the electrical unit. The airflow closer to the surfaces of the electrical board and electrical unit has a faster velocity, thus quickly removing heat from the second electrical component. On the other hand, since the first electrical component is close to the first sidewall and far from the cold air inlet of the heat exchanger, it is prone to airflow obstruction. The angle between the electrical board and the second sidewall, guiding the cold air to the first electrical component, allows airflow to pass through it. The airflow guidance of the electrical board also reduces air resistance, thus eliminating the need for a separate airflow guide structure. By reducing the power specifications of the first and second electrical components, their heat generation is reduced. Within the existing electrical cabinet specifications, a reasonable and ingenious layout effectively dissipates the heat from the first and second electrical components, allowing them to generate significant amounts of heat and thus enabling them to have higher power outputs. This increases the power density of the electrical cabinet for the same specifications. Furthermore, this technical solution fully utilizes the structure of the second electrical component and, through clever layout, improves the heat dissipation efficiency of both the first and second electrical components without reducing their power specifications, thereby increasing power density. Additionally, it eliminates the need for additional airflow guides or fans, reducing costs and increasing the space of the heat dissipation cavity without airflow guides or fans, further enhancing the power density of the electrical cabinet.

[0018] In technical solution two, the electrical board extends along a first direction and divides the heat dissipation cavity into a first airflow zone corresponding to the cold air inlet and a second airflow zone corresponding to the hot air inlet. The electrical unit is located in the first airflow zone. The electrical board extends along the first direction, resulting in low wind resistance and excellent airflow guidance. The electrical board should have a certain length along the first direction to guide the airflow. Since the electrical unit is supported by the electrical board, the hottest part of the second electrical component is the connection between the electrical board and the electrical unit, followed by the electrical board itself. The electrical unit is located in the first airflow zone corresponding to the cold air inlet, meaning that the areas of the second electrical component that generate the most heat are located in the first airflow zone. Therefore, the heat from the electrical unit can be promptly carried away by the cold air, and the heat at the connection between the electrical unit and the electrical board can also be promptly carried away by the cold air, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency for the second electrical component. This arrangement ensures that even when the heat generated by the second electrical component is greater than that of the first heat-generating component, the layout is reasonable and ingenious, guaranteeing high heat dissipation efficiency for both the first and second electrical components.

[0019] In technical solution three, the electrical board is horizontally arranged, and the first air passage zone is located below the electrical board. Therefore, the second electrical component acts as a horizontal baffle in the heat dissipation cavity. Since the density of cold air is greater than that of hot air, and the first air passage zone is located below the electrical board, the cold air rises in temperature after passing through the first air passage zone and becomes hot air. It then flows back to the hot air outlet through the second air passage zone. The airflow resistance is small, and the circulation is better. Moreover, the horizontally arranged electrical board has a better guiding effect on the cold air flowing towards the first side wall, thereby further increasing the air volume at the first electrical component and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the first electrical component. On the other hand, this arrangement makes full use of the space along the first direction of the cabinet, which facilitates the layout of electrical components in the heat dissipation cavity and has a high space utilization rate.

[0020] In technical solution four, the second electrical component is higher than the first support surface and at least partially opposite to the first support surface, so that an air gap is formed between the second electrical component and the first support surface. When the cold air flows through the air gap, the flow rate increases, which increases the heat dissipation efficiency of both the second and first electrical components.

[0021] In technical solution five, both the cold air inlet and the hot air inlet are perpendicular to the first direction and extend along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The hot air inlet is higher than the cold air inlet, so the airflow easily flows around the entire second electrical component. The airflow is greatest for the electrical board with the highest heat generation and the lower surface of each electrical unit, thus the second electrical component has high heat dissipation efficiency. The third electrical component is close to the cold air inlet and lower than the first support surface. Because the third electrical component generates less heat, part of the cold air flows to the third electrical component first. After flowing out of the third electrical component, the cold air still has a low temperature. The cold air flows upward and passes through the second and first electrical components, while the other part flows directly to the second electrical component, making the heat dissipation efficiency of each electrical component in the heat dissipation cavity... All components have high heat dissipation efficiency. The third electrical component is lower than the first support surface, which avoids interfering with the airflow to the first electrical component and allows for a sufficiently large gap between the second and third electrical components to facilitate large airflow. The baffle surface is perpendicular to the first direction and faces the second side wall, so the cold air from the heat exchanger collides with the baffle surface when it reaches it, and some of it flows into the gap between the second electrical component and the first support surface, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency. Therefore, the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity creates different height areas within the cavity, which is beneficial for the layout of the electrical components and allows for the adjustment of airflow and speed, thus ensuring that the first, second, and third electrical components all have high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0022] In technical solution six, the design of the heat dissipation duct allows cool air to flow into the interior of the second electrical component, thereby removing heat from the component more quickly and improving its heat dissipation efficiency. The duct also creates a cold zone in the middle of the electrical board along the first direction, with airflow from this zone flowing to both sides, further reducing the temperature on both sides of the electrical board along the first direction. This significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency, prevents heat accumulation in the second electrical component, and extends its service life. The vertical projection of the heat dissipation duct lies on the second support surface, allowing cool air colliding with the surface to flow back into the duct, further enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the second electrical component.

[0023] In technical solution seven, the electrical components within the heat dissipation cavity are primarily cooled by liquid cooling and air cooling. High-heat-generating components are cooled by liquid cooling, which is highly efficient. Low-heat-generating components, such as the first, second, and third electrical components, are cooled by air cooling, which is also highly efficient. Furthermore, since both the heat exchanger and heat exchange device utilize external circulation for heat dissipation, the protective properties of the heat dissipation cavity are significantly improved. It should be understood that the relatively sealed heat dissipation cavity in this solution means that there are no potential airflow channels running through it. Therefore, the heat dissipation cavity in this solution provides sufficient space for the installation of the heating components, ensuring that they are not easily affected by heat radiation from other electrical components and that an optimal heat dissipation layout is formed, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the heating components. Efficiency: In this technical solution, the liquid cooling unit of the heat exchange device is placed in the air passage at the top, so the air inlet of the heat exchange device is also located at the top. The air inlet is far from the ground, resulting in a lower air inlet temperature, which makes the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling unit high, thus ensuring high heat dissipation efficiency for high-heat-generating components. Since the liquid cooling unit is free from water ingress concerns, the air outlet does not necessarily need to be located on the side of the cabinet; it can be located at the top. This minimizes heat flow disturbance to downstream electrical cabinets when multiple electrical cabinets are used in parallel. Even if heat flows out from the side of the top of the cabinet, the low density of hot air minimizes its impact on downstream electrical cabinets. Because the liquid cooling unit is located at the top, the sides of the cabinet are not occupied, facilitating the parallel operation of multiple electrical cabinets. Therefore, in this technical solution, the combined liquid and air cooling method maximizes the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat-generating components within the heat dissipation cavity, providing excellent protection for the heat dissipation cavity. It also facilitates the parallel operation of electrical cabinets and reduces the spacing between power cabinets.

[0024] In technical solution eight, an air gap is formed between the liquid cooling plate and the electrical board. The airflow speed in the air gap is the fastest, which allows the airflow to quickly remove the heat from the second electrical component and the high-heat-generating component at the same time, and also facilitates wiring.

[0025] In technical solution nine, the high-heat-generating component in the heat dissipation cavity generates the most heat. The high-heat-generating component is close to the hot air inlet of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the cold air flowing out of the cold air inlet of the heat exchanger can first carry away the heat of the low-heat-generating component in the heat dissipation cavity, and then carry away the heat of the high-heat-generating component, thus ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency of the low-heat-generating component. The high-heat-generating component is lower than the hot air inlet, so the resistance is small when the hot air returns. Also, since the density of hot air in the airflow is less than that of air, when the airflow passes the high-heat-generating component, the cold air is below and the hot air is above, so that the heat exchanger can also carry away the heat of the high-heat-generating component.

[0026] In technical solution ten, the heat exchanger and the liquid cooling unit share the same airflow drive module, thus sharing the same exhaust port. This ensures that the hot air generated by the heat dissipation cavity is discharged from the exhaust port at the top of the cabinet. As a result, when multiple electrical cabinets are used side by side along the first direction, the hot air from the exhaust port of the upstream electrical cabinet will not affect the main air intake port of the downstream electrical cabinet. Furthermore, the heat exchanger is mounted on the inner surface of the second side wall, which is more aesthetically pleasing than mounting it on the outer surface of the second side wall. If the heat exchanger were mounted on the outer surface of the second side wall, the hot air from the first airflow channel would easily flow into the main air intake port of the downstream cabinet. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments are briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a top view of the electrical cabinet after it is hidden behind the top plate of the cabinet, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electrical cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the concealed portion of the electrical cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the capacitor module, power module, and liquid cooling plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0036] Cabinet 10; Air passage 10A; Exhaust vent 101; Heat dissipation cavity 10B; Air guide cavity 10C; First side wall 11; Main air intake vent 111; Second side wall 12; Air inlet 121; First abutment wall 13; First air intake vent 131; Second abutment wall 14; Second air intake vent 141; Support plate 15; Air passage vent 151; Partition plate 16; First support surface 161; Windproof surface 162; Second support surface 163; Heat exchange device 20; Liquid cooling unit 21; Liquid cooling plate 22; Airflow drive module 30; High-heat-generating component 40; Low-heat-generating component 50; First electrical component 51; Second electrical component 52; Electrical board 521; Electrical module 522; Heat dissipation surface 523; Heat dissipation duct 01; First air passage zone 02; Second air passage zone 03; Third electrical component 53; Heat exchanger 60; Cold air outlet 61; Hot air outlet 62. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this invention is for distinguishing different objects and not for describing a specific order.

[0039] Unless otherwise expressly defined, in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this invention, the use of directional terms such as "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "fixed connection" or "fixed connection" used in the claims, description and drawings of this invention should be interpreted broadly to refer to any connection in which there is no displacement or relative rotation relationship between the two parties, including non-removable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection and fixed connection by other means or components.

[0041] In the claims, description and accompanying drawings of this invention, the terms "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are used to mean "including but not limited to."

[0042] See Figure 2-7 , Figure 2-7 An electrical cabinet is shown, including a cabinet body 10, a heat exchange device 20, an airflow drive module 30, and a heat exchanger 60.

[0043] See Figure 2-4 The cabinet 10 is rectangular in shape. Along a first direction, the cabinet 10 has a first sidewall 11 and a second sidewall 12 that are parallel and opposite to each other. Along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the cabinet 10 has a first abutment wall 13 and a second abutment wall 14 that are parallel and opposite to each other. The first direction is... Figure 4 The middle direction is up and down, and the second direction is... Figure 4 The center represents the left-right direction, and both the first and second directions are horizontal in this embodiment.

[0044] In this embodiment, the cabinet 10 is provided with a support plate 15 and a partition plate 16, see [link / reference] Figure 5-6 The support plate 15 divides the cabinet 10 into an upper region and a lower region. The upper region forms an air passage cavity 10A. The partition plate 16 divides the lower region into a middle region and a bottom region. The middle region forms a heat dissipation cavity 10B, and the bottom region forms a guide cavity 10C. That is, the top of the cabinet 10 has an air passage cavity 10A, the bottom has a guide cavity 10C, and the cabinet 10 has a heat dissipation cavity 10B between the air passage cavity 10A and the guide cavity 10C. The support plate 15 extends horizontally, and the partition plate 16 is Z-shaped. The partition plate 16 is formed by two horizontal sections and one vertical section. The vertical section connects the two horizontal sections to form the Z-shaped partition plate.

[0045] In this embodiment, since the projection of the partition plate 16 along the second direction is Z-shaped, the partition plate 16 causes the air guide cavity 10C to form a connected first area along the air inlet direction. Figure 6 (middle left) and the second zone ( Figure 6 (Right side of the middle section), the first section is higher than the second section, and the partition plate 16 also causes the heat dissipation cavity 10B to form a connected third section along the air intake direction ( Figure 6 (middle left) and fourth zone ( Figure 6(Right side of the middle section), the third and fourth sections are located above the first and second sections, respectively. Specifically, the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity 10B, i.e., the partition plate 16, has a horizontal first support surface 161, a wind-blocking surface 162 perpendicular to the first direction, and a horizontal second support surface 163. The upper and lower ends of the wind-blocking surface 162 are respectively connected to the first support surface 161 and the second support surface 163. Among them, the first support surface 161 is close to the first side wall 11, and the second support surface 163 is close to the second side wall 12. The arrangement of the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity 10B creates different height areas within the heat dissipation cavity 10B, which is beneficial for the layout of various electrical components within the heat dissipation cavity 10B.

[0046] See Figure 2-3 The air passage cavity 10A has a main air inlet 111 on the first side wall 11 along the first direction and an exhaust outlet 101 on the top, which is close to the second side wall 12. The air passage cavity 10A also has a first air inlet 131 and a second air inlet 141 on the first abutting wall 13 and the second abutting wall 14, respectively. That is, the side of the air passage cavity 10A also has a first air inlet 131 and a second air inlet 141 arranged opposite to each other along the second direction.

[0047] See Figure 3 The heat dissipation cavity 10B has an air inlet 121 on the second side wall 12. (See also...) Figure 5-6 The cabinet 10 is also provided with an air outlet 151 that connects the heat dissipation cavity 10B and the air passage cavity 10A. The air outlet 151 is far away from the main air outlet 111 and close to the second side wall 12. In this embodiment, the air outlet 151 is opened on the support plate 15.

[0048] See Figure 6 The air guide cavity 10C is used to house electrical components such as reactors, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0049] See Figure 3-6The heat exchange device 20 includes a liquid cooling unit 21 placed in the air passage cavity 10A and supported by a support plate 15, and a liquid cooling plate 22 placed in the heat dissipation cavity 10B to dissipate heat from the high-heat-generating component 40. The liquid cooling unit 21 is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling plate 22, thereby supplying cool liquid to the liquid cooling plate 22 and recovering hot liquid from the liquid cooling plate to achieve liquid cooling circulation. The liquid cooling unit 21 can adopt existing technology, which will not be described in detail here. The airflow drive module 30 is placed at the exhaust port 101 to drive the airflow through the air passage duct to the exhaust port 101. It should be understood that in this embodiment, the airflow drive module 30 should have a high protection level. The liquid cooling unit 21 dissipates heat through the main exhaust port 111, the first exhaust port 131, the second exhaust port 141, the airflow drive module 30, and the exhaust port 101, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency. The side walls of the cabinet 10 other than the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12, namely the first abutting wall 13 and the second abutting wall 14, do not require air intake or exhaust and require no maintenance. Therefore, these side walls can be used to connect with other cabinets 10 without affecting the operation, heat dissipation, and maintenance of the electrical cabinet itself. When multiple electrical cabinets are connected in parallel along the second direction, only the outermost first air intake vent 131 and second air intake vent 141 can take in air. Due to air pressure limitations, the air passage cavity 10A of the electrical cabinet located in the middle will not take in air through the first air intake vent 131 and the second air intake vent 141.

[0050] See also Figure 5-6 The heating element is placed in the heat dissipation cavity 10B and includes a high-heating element 40 and a low-heating element 50. In this embodiment, the high-heating element 40 is an inverter module. The high-heating element 40 is cooled by the liquid cooling plate 22. Therefore, the water pipe of the liquid cooling unit 21 also passes through the support plate 15 and is connected to the liquid cooling plate 22.

[0051] The low-heat-generating component 50 includes a first electrical component 51, a second electrical component 52, and a third electrical component 53. The first electrical component 51 is located near the first sidewall 11 and supported on the first support surface 161, while the third electrical component 53 is located near the second sidewall 12 and supported on the second support surface 163. The second electrical component 52 is located between the first electrical component 51 and the third electrical component 53 and below the high-heat-generating component 40. In this embodiment, the first electrical component 51 is a DC electrical component, the second electrical component 52 is a capacitor module, and the third electrical component 53 is an AC electrical component. Therefore, the heat generated by the second electrical component 52 is greater than that of the first electrical component 51 and also greater than that of the third electrical component 53.

[0052] See Figure 7The second electrical component 52 includes an electrical board 521 with a plate-like structure suitable for supporting a plurality of electrical units, which are capacitors. In this embodiment, the electrical units are combined along a first direction to form two electrical modules 522, and a heat dissipation duct 01 extending along a second direction is formed between the two electrical modules 522; a heat dissipation surface 523 is formed on the lower surface of the two electrical modules 522. Multiple capacitors are formed in the electrical modules 522, and one end of each capacitor is electrically connected to and supported on the electrical board 521. In this embodiment, the electrical board 521 forms an angle with the second sidewall 12 so that the airflow from the cold air inlet 61 passes through the second electrical component 52 and is guided to the first electrical component 51. This angle can be a right angle, an acute angle, or an obtuse angle. See also... Figure 6 The electrical board 521 extends along a first direction and divides the heat dissipation cavity 10B into a first air passage zone 02 corresponding to the cold air outlet 61 and a second air passage zone 03 corresponding to the hot air outlet 62. The electrical unit is located in the first air passage zone 02. In this embodiment, the electrical board 521 is preferably parallel to the horizontal direction. The electrical board 521 has several heat dissipation holes. The side of the electrical unit away from the electrical board 521 forms a heat dissipation surface 523. The first air passage zone 02 is located below the electrical board 521, and the heat dissipation surface 523 is also located below the electrical board 521.

[0053] The first electrical component 51 is located in the third zone, the third electrical component 53 is located in the fourth zone and is lower than the first support surface 161, and the second electrical component 52 spans the third and fourth zones. The high-heat-generating component 40 is located above the fourth zone, and the liquid cooling plate 22 is parallel to and opposite to the electrical component 521, forming an airflow gap between them. The second electrical component 52 is partially opposite to the first support surface 161 and partially opposite to the second support surface 162, and the heat dissipation duct 01 is offset from the vertical projection of the first support surface 161.

[0054] The electrical connections within the heat dissipation cavity 10B are as follows: the first electrical component 51 is connected to the second electrical component 52, the second electrical component 52 is connected to the high-heat-generating component 40, and the high-heat-generating component 40 is connected to the third electrical component 53.

[0055] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 60 is an air heat exchanger, which is installed on the inner surface of the second side wall 12. The heat exchanger 60 is provided with a cold air inlet 61 for supplying cold air to the heat dissipation cavity 10B and a hot air inlet 62 for recovering hot air from the heat dissipation cavity 10B. The hot air inlet 62 and the cold air inlet 61 are both facing the first side wall 11, and the hot air inlet 62 is higher than the cold air inlet 61. The hot air inlet 62 and the cold air inlet 61 both extend along the second direction. In actual application, an exhaust fan is also installed at the hot air inlet 62. The axis of the exhaust fan is parallel to the first direction. The heat exchanger 60 is provided with a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel. The first airflow channel connects the air inlet 121 and the air outlet 151. The second airflow channel is provided with a cold air inlet 61 and a hot air inlet 62. The airflow drive module 30 also drives the air to flow from the air inlet 121 through the air outlet 151 to the exhaust outlet 101. The first airflow channel and the second airflow channel exchange heat to remove the heat from the second airflow channel. The heat exchanger 60 is mounted on the inner surface of the second side wall 12, which is more aesthetically pleasing than mounting it on the outer surface of the second side wall 12. If the heat exchanger 60 were mounted on the outer surface of the second side wall 12, the hot air from the first airflow channel would easily flow into the main air inlet 111 of the downstream cabinet 10. Since the hot air inlet 62 is higher than the cold air inlet 61, the cold air from the heat exchanger 60 can gradually carry away the heat from the low-heating components 50 in the heat dissipation cavity 10B as it flows upward in the heat dissipation cavity 10B, resulting in good airflow circulation.

[0056] The heat exchanger 60 and the liquid cooling unit 21 share the airflow drive module 30, and thus share the exhaust port 101. This ensures that the hot air generated by the heat dissipation cavity 10B is discharged from the exhaust port 101 at the top of the cabinet 10. As a result, when multiple electrical cabinets are used side by side in the first direction, the hot air from the exhaust port 101 of the upstream electrical cabinet will not affect the main air intake port 111 of the downstream electrical cabinet.

[0057] The high-heat-generating component 40 is located near and below the hot air outlet 62. Therefore, the cold airflow from the cold air outlet 61 of the heat exchanger 60 can first carry away the heat from the low-heat-generating component 50 within the heat dissipation cavity 10B, and then carry away the heat from the high-heat-generating component 40, thus ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency of the low-heat-generating component 50. Because the high-heat-generating component 40 is below the hot air outlet 62, the resistance during hot air recirculation is low. Furthermore, since the density of hot air in the airflow is less than that of air, the cold air is below the hot air when passing the high-heat-generating component 40 during recirculation, allowing the heat exchanger 60 to further remove heat from the high-heat-generating component 40.

[0058] In this embodiment, the second electrical component 52 is located both in the first direction between the first electrical component 51 and the heat exchanger 60, and in the vertical direction between the cold air inlet 61 and the hot air inlet 62. The high-heat-generating component 40 is located in the vertical direction between the second electrical component 52 and the hot air inlet 62. The electrical board 521 is adapted to guide airflow to the first electrical component 51. This arrangement makes full use of the space of the cabinet 10 along the first direction, facilitates the layout of electrical components within the heat dissipation cavity 10B, and achieves high space utilization. It should be understood that the electrical board 521 can guide airflow to the first electrical component 51, which means that the electrical board 521 has a certain length along the first direction, and this length can guide the airflow. In other embodiments, the electrical board 521 can also be perpendicular to the second direction, or inclined relative to the first direction, or inclined relative to the second direction. In the embodiment where the electrical panel 521 is perpendicular to the second direction, the cold air inlet 61 and the hot air inlet 62 of the heat exchanger 60 can be correspondingly opened along the second direction and extended vertically. In this case, the electrical unit also extends along the second direction and is also located in the first air passage zone 01. The electrical panel 521 can guide the airflow from the cold air inlet 61 to the second electrical component 52. In the embodiment where the electrical panel 521 is inclined relative to the first direction, the electrical panel 521 extends from top to bottom towards the first sidewall relative to the horizontal plane. 11 or the second sidewall 12 is inclined. In this case, the cold air inlet 61 and the hot air inlet 62 of the heat exchanger 60 are still opened along the first direction and extended along the second direction, and the electrical unit is still located below the electrical panel 521. In the embodiment where the electrical panel 521 is inclined relative to the second direction, the electrical panel 521 is inclined from top to bottom relative to the vertical surface toward the first abutment wall 13 or the third abutment wall 14. In this case, the cold air inlet 61 and the hot air inlet 62 of the heat exchanger 60 are both opened along the second direction and extended along the vertical direction.

[0059] In this embodiment, the electrical board 521 forms an angle with the second sidewall 12, so that the airflow surrounds the second electrical component 52 and guides the cold air from the cold air vent 61 to the first electrical component 51. On the one hand, this allows the second electrical component 52, which generates more heat, to be surrounded by airflow, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, the structural arrangement of the second electrical component 52 allows it to separate the airflow within the heat dissipation cavity without the need for a separate air guide structure. Some airflow flows on the surface of the electrical board 521, and some flows on the surface of the electrical unit. The airflow closer to the surfaces of the electrical board 521 and the electrical unit has a faster flow rate, thus quickly removing the heat from the second electrical component 52. On the other hand, since the first electrical component 51 is close to the first sidewall 11, it is far from the heat exchanger 6. The cold air vent 61 of the 0-type circuit may not allow air to pass through. The electrical board 521 forms an angle with the second side wall 12 and guides the cold air to the first electrical component 51, allowing air to pass through the first electrical component 51. The airflow guiding of the electrical board 521 reduces the air resistance. Thus, there is no need to reduce the power specifications of the first electrical component 51 and the second electrical component 52 to reduce their heat generation. Under the existing electrical cabinet specifications, the reasonable and ingenious layout can promptly remove the heat from the first electrical component 51 and the second electrical component 52, allowing the first electrical component 51 and the second electrical component 52 to have a large heat generation, that is, to allow the first electrical component 51 and the second electrical component 52 to have a large power, thereby improving the power density of the electrical cabinet under the same specifications.

[0060] Furthermore, the electrical board 521 extends along the first direction and divides the heat dissipation cavity into a first airflow zone 02 corresponding to the cold air outlet 61 and a second airflow zone 03 corresponding to the hot air outlet 62. The electrical unit is located in the first airflow zone 02. Since the electrical board 521 extends along the first direction, it has low wind resistance and good airflow guiding effect. Since the electrical unit is supported by the electrical board 521, the hottest part of the second electrical component 52 is the connection between the electrical board 521 and the electrical unit, followed by the electrical board 521 itself. The electrical unit is located in the first airflow zone 02 corresponding to the cold air outlet 61, which means that the areas of the second electrical component 52 that generate the most heat are all located in the first airflow zone 02. Therefore, the heat of the electrical unit can be carried away by the cold air in time, and the heat at the connection between the electrical unit and the electrical board 521 can be retained by the cold air in time. The heat dissipation efficiency of the second electrical component 52 is high.

[0061] Furthermore, the electrical board 521 is horizontally arranged, and the first air passage zone 02 is located below the electrical board 521. Therefore, the second electrical component 52 acts as a horizontal baffle in the heat dissipation cavity 10B. Since the density of cold air is greater than that of hot air, and the first air passage zone 02 is located below the electrical board 521, the temperature of the cold air rises after passing through the first air passage zone 02 and becomes hot air. Then, it flows back to the hot air outlet 62 through the second air passage zone 03. The airflow resistance is small, the circulation is better, and the horizontally arranged electrical board 521 has a better guiding effect on the cold air flowing towards the first side wall 11, thereby further increasing the air volume at the first electrical component 51 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the first electrical component 51.

[0062] In this embodiment, the second electrical component 52 is higher than the first support surface 161 and at least partially opposite to the first support surface 161, so that an air gap is formed between the second electrical component 52 and the first support surface 161. When the cold air flows through the air gap, the flow rate increases, which increases the heat dissipation efficiency of both the second electrical component 52 and the first electrical component 51.

[0063] Both the cold air vent 61 and the hot air vent 62 are perpendicular to the first direction and extend along the second direction. The hot air vent 62 is higher than the cold air vent 61, so the airflow easily flows around the entire second electrical component 52. The airflow is greatest for the electrical board 521, which generates the most heat, and the lower surface of each electrical unit. Therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency of the second electrical component 52 is high. The third electrical component 53 is close to the cold air vent 61 and lower than the first support surface 161. Because the third electrical component 53 generates less heat, a portion of the cold air flows first to the third electrical component 53. After the cold air flows out of the electrical component 53, it still has a low temperature. The cold air flows upward and passes through the second electrical component 52 and the first electrical component 51, while another part flows directly to the second electrical component 52, so that each electrical component in the heat dissipation cavity has a high heat dissipation efficiency. Among them, the third electrical component 53 is lower than the first support surface 161, which avoids interfering with the airflow to the first electrical component 51, and provides a sufficiently large gap between the second electrical component 52 and the third electrical component 53 to facilitate the passage of large air volumes. The windproof surface 162 is perpendicular to the first direction. And facing the second side wall 12, the cold air from the heat exchanger 60 will collide with the baffle surface 162 when it reaches the baffle surface 162, and part of it will flow into the gap between the second electrical component 52 and the first support surface 161, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency; therefore, the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity 10B is designed to create different height areas within the heat dissipation cavity 10B, which is beneficial for the layout of the various electrical components within the heat dissipation cavity, and thereby realizes the adjustment of airflow and air speed, so that the first electrical component 51, the second electrical component 52, and the third electrical component 53 all have high heat dissipation efficiency; heat dissipation air duct 0 The configuration of 1 allows cool air to flow into the interior of the second electrical component 52, thereby removing heat from the second electrical component 52 more quickly and improving its heat dissipation efficiency. The configuration of the heat dissipation duct 01 also creates a cold zone in the middle of the electrical board 521 along the first direction, with airflow from this cold zone flowing to both sides. This reduces the temperature on both sides of the electrical board 521 along the first direction, significantly improving its heat dissipation efficiency, preventing heat accumulation in the second electrical component 52, and extending its service life. The vertical projection of the heat dissipation duct 01 is located on the second support surface 163, allowing cool air colliding with the cold air surface to flow into the heat dissipation duct 01, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the second electrical component 52.

[0064] In this embodiment, the electrical components within the heat dissipation cavity 10B are primarily cooled by liquid cooling and air cooling. High-heat-generating components 40 are cooled by liquid cooling, which is highly efficient. Low-heat-generating components 50, such as the second electrical component 52, the first electrical component 51, and the third electrical component 53, are cooled by air cooling, which is also highly efficient. Furthermore, since both the heat exchanger 60 and the heat exchange device 20 utilize external circulation for cooling, the protective properties of the heat dissipation cavity 10B are significantly improved. It should be understood that the relatively sealed nature of the heat dissipation cavity 10B in this design means that there are no potentially leaky air ducts running through it. Therefore, the heat dissipation cavity 10B in this design provides sufficient space for the installation of the heating components, ensuring that the heating components are not easily affected by the heat radiation from other electrical components. The liquid cooling unit 21 of the heat exchange device 20 is placed in the top air passage 10A, so the air inlet 121 of the heat exchange device 20 is also located at the top. The air inlet 121 is far from the ground and has a lower air inlet temperature, which makes the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling unit 21 high, thus ensuring that the high heat dissipation efficiency of the high heat-generating component 40 is high. Since the liquid cooling unit 21 has no water ingress concerns, the air outlet can be opened at the top of the cabinet 10, so that when multiple electrical cabinets are used in parallel, it is not easy to cause heat flow disturbance to the downstream electrical cabinet. Since the liquid cooling unit 21 is placed at the top, the side of the cabinet 10 is not occupied, which facilitates the parallel operation of multiple electrical cabinets. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the combination of liquid cooling and air cooling can maximize the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat-generating components in the heat dissipation cavity 10B, and the heat dissipation cavity 10B has good protection; it also facilitates the parallel operation of electrical cabinets and reduces the spacing between power cabinets.

[0065] As can be seen, by adopting this embodiment, the structure of the second electrical component 52 itself is fully utilized, and through clever layout, the heat dissipation efficiency of the second electrical component 52 is improved without reducing the power specifications of the first electrical component 51 and the second electrical component 52, thereby improving the power density. In addition, there is no need to set up an additional air guide structure or a baffle fan, which reduces the cost and increases the space of the heat dissipation cavity without an air guide structure or baffle fan, thereby further improving the power density of the electrical cabinet.

[0066] The foregoing description of the specifications and embodiments is intended to explain the scope of protection of this invention, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements to the embodiments of this invention or a portion thereof that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation, based on the teachings of this invention or the foregoing embodiments, in conjunction with common knowledge, general technical knowledge, and / or existing technology, should all be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An electrical cabinet, characterized in that it comprises: The cabinet (10) is provided with a heat dissipation cavity (10B), and the heat dissipation cavity (10B) is provided with a first side wall (11) and a second side wall (12) that are parallel to each other and opposite to each other along a first direction; The heat exchanger (60) has a cold air inlet (61) near the second side wall (12) for supplying cold air to the heat dissipation chamber (10B) and a hot air inlet (62) for recovering hot air from the heat dissipation chamber (10B). A first electrical component (51) is disposed within the heat dissipation cavity (10B) and near the first sidewall (11); and The second electrical component (52) is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity (10B) and located between the heat exchanger (60) and the first electrical component (51) along the first direction; it also includes an electrical board (521) with a plate-like structure and adapted to carry a plurality of electrical units, the electrical board (521) forming an angle with the second sidewall (12) so that the airflow from the cold air inlet (61) passes through the second electrical component (52) and is guided to the first electrical component (51) through the second electrical component (52); The electrical board (521) extends along a first direction and divides the heat dissipation cavity (10B) into a first air passage zone (02) corresponding to the cold air outlet (61) and a second air passage zone (03) corresponding to the hot air outlet (62). The electrical unit is located in the first air passage zone (02), and the heat generation of the second electrical component (52) is greater than that of the first electrical component (51). The bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity (10B) is provided with a first support surface (161) suitable for supporting the first electrical component (51); the second electrical component (52) is higher than the first support surface (161) and at least partially opposite to the first support surface (161); It also includes a third electrical component (53), which generates less heat than the second electrical component (52); the cold air vent (61) and the hot air vent (62) are both perpendicular to the first direction and both extend along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the hot air vent (62) is higher than the cold air vent (61); the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity (10B) is also provided with a windproof surface (162) perpendicular to the first direction and a second support surface (163) parallel to the first support surface (161) facing the second side wall (12), and the upper and lower ends of the windproof surface (162) are respectively connected to the first support surface (161) and the second support surface (163); The third electrical component (53) is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity (10B) and placed on the second support surface (163), which is close to the cold air vent (61) and lower than the first support surface (161); the second electrical component (52) is also at least partially opposite to the second support surface (163).

2. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical panel (521) is horizontally arranged, and the first air passage zone (02) is located below the electrical panel (521).

3. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each electrical unit is combined along the first direction to form two electrical modules (522), and a heat dissipation duct (01) extending along the second direction is formed between the two electrical modules (522); the projection of the heat dissipation duct (01) along the vertical direction is located on the second support surface (163).

4. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a high-heat-generating component (40), a heat exchange device (20), and a wind flow drive module (30); the high-heat-generating component (40) is placed in a heat dissipation cavity (10B) and located in the second air passage zone (03); the top of the cabinet (10) is provided with an air passage cavity (10A), the heat dissipation cavity (10B) is relatively sealed, and the air passage cavity (10A) is provided with a main air intake (111) and an exhaust port (101); the heat exchange device (20) includes a liquid cooling unit (21) placed in the air passage cavity (10A) and a liquid cooling plate (22) placed in the heat dissipation cavity (10B) for dissipating heat from the high-heat-generating component (40), and the liquid cooling unit (21) is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling plate (22); the wind flow drive module (30) is placed in the air passage cavity (10A) and drives the air to flow through the liquid cooling unit (21) to the exhaust port (101).

5. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The high-heat-generating component (40) is located above the second electrical component (52), and the liquid-cooled plate (22) is parallel to and opposite to the electrical component (521), with an air gap between them.

6. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The high-heat-generating component (40) is close to and lower than the hot air vent (62); the first electrical component (51) is a DC electrical component, the second electrical component (52) is a capacitor module, the third electrical component (53) is an AC electrical component, and the high-heat-generating component (40) is a power module.

7. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cabinet (10) is provided with an air inlet (151) connecting the air passage (10A) and the heat dissipation cavity (10B); the main air inlet (111) is opened on the first side wall (11), and the exhaust outlet (101) is opened on the top of the cabinet (10); the heat exchanger (60) is an air heat exchanger, which is installed on the inner surface of the second side wall (12); the heat dissipation cavity (10B) is provided with an air inlet (121) on the second side wall (12); The heat exchanger (60) is provided with a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel. The first airflow channel connects the air inlet (121) and the air outlet (151). The second airflow channel is provided with the cold air outlet (61) and the hot air outlet (62). The airflow drive module (30) also drives the air to flow from the air inlet (121) through the air outlet (151) to the exhaust outlet (101). The first airflow channel and the second airflow channel exchange heat to remove the heat of the second airflow channel.

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