A method for arranging fish-driving sound sources for maintaining fish migration channels in reservoir areas

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for deploying fish-driving sound sources to maintain fish migration pathways within reservoirs. First, hydrodynamic simulations are used to determine the interruption areas and required channel widths of the migration pathways. Then, the required sound intensity of the fish-driving sound sources is determined based on the specific effects of sound on fish. Finally, the number and location of the sound sources are determined by combining acoustic methods and the physiological needs of fish. This method can maintain fish migration pathways within reservoirs and promote successful fish migration, which is of great significance to the utilization of reservoir water resources and the protection of river ecosystems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of water resource supply management and river ecological environment protection, and relates to a method for arranging fish driving sound sources for maintaining fish migration channels in a reservoir area. Background Art

[0002] Maintaining fish migration pathways within reservoirs is a fundamental requirement for reservoir water resource management and a crucial task for river ecosystem protection. Migratory fish require the stimulation of water flow to determine their swimming direction (the water velocity must be greater than the fish's sensed velocity). However, many areas within reservoirs are stagnant or semi-stagnant, disrupting fish migration pathways. This causes fish to move randomly in all directions within these interrupted areas, resulting in only a small number of fish successfully crossing the reservoir and reaching their spawning grounds upstream. Existing methods for maintaining fish migration pathways primarily rely on reservoir ecological regulation: lowering the reservoir water level and increasing the outflow to increase the water flow velocity within the reservoir, ensuring that the flow conditions meet the fish's migratory needs. However, this method requires the discharge of large amounts of water from the reservoir, significantly compromising the reservoir's benefits. To encourage fish migration upstream, it is necessary to reduce the probability of fish swimming sideways (deviating from their migratory route) within these interrupted areas.

[0003] Sound can repel fish and influence their swimming direction. Therefore, in areas where migration pathways are interrupted, multiple artificial sound sources can be installed on both sides of the route, forming a sound barrier on both sides and creating a fish migration path. How to scientifically deploy artificial sound sources (including parameters such as intensity, number, and location) to maintain fish migration pathways within reservoirs remains an unresolved technical issue in water resource management and river ecological protection within existing reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of disrupted fish migration pathways within reservoirs and low fish migration success rates, this present invention addresses the technical problem of establishing a method for deploying sound sources to maintain fish migration pathways within reservoirs. This method addresses the significant loss of reservoir benefits associated with previous reservoir ecological scheduling methods, promoting successful fish migration within the reservoir.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: First, through hydrodynamic simulation, the interruption area of the migration channel and the required migration channel width are determined; then, based on the characteristics of the sound's impact on fish, the required sound intensity of the fish-driving sound source is determined; finally, combining acoustic methods and the physiological needs of fish, the number and location of the fish-driving sound sources are determined. The specific steps are as follows:

[0006] (1) Determination of the location of interruption of fish migration channel

[0007] Through hydrodynamic simulation, the flow field distribution map S on the reservoir surface is determined for the scenario where the reservoir water level is equal to the average water level during the fish migration period and the reservoir discharge is equal to the average discharge during the fish migration period. Based on the flow field distribution map S, the length L on the reservoir midline (the line connecting the maximum flow velocity points on the surface of each cross-section of the reservoir) where the flow velocity is less than the target fish sensing flow velocity is determined. i (i=1,2,…,n) and its location, which is the location where the fish migration channel in the reservoir is interrupted; where L i is the length of the i-th interruption area;

[0008] (2) Determination of fish migration channel width

[0009] Based on the flow field distribution map S, determine the area M where the flow velocity is greater than the target fish-sensing flow velocity and intersects the reservoir midline. Also determine the width d1 of the narrowest point and d2 of the widest point of the area M perpendicular to the flow direction. The width d of the fish migration channel is set to any value between d1 and d2.

[0010] (3) Determination of the rated sound intensity of the fish-driving sound source

[0011] Using the formula P=(1.3L p0 -13) / 100, to determine the probability P of migratory fish staying in the migratory channel, the sound intensity L required at the middle position of the two sound sources p0 , where L p0 Between 10 decibels and 86.92 decibels; the required rated sound intensity of the fish-repelling sound source is L p1 Set to be no less than L p0 Any value of

[0012] (4) Determination of the number of fish-driving sound sources

[0013] Using the formula H1=2×10 (Lp1-Lp0+3) / 20 , determine the distance H1 between the two sound sources; the number of artificial sound sources N that need to be set on both sides of the middle line of the interruption area of the i-th migratory channel i Equal to ceil(L i / H1)+1, where the ceil function is a rounding function that returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the expression;

[0014] (5) Determination of the location of the fish-driving sound source

[0015] The fish driving sound sources are evenly distributed on both sides of the middle channel line at the interruption position of the migration channel, with the sound source spacing being H1; the formula H2 = 10 (Lp1-10) / 20 +d / 2, determine the distance H2 between the fish-driving sound source and the mid-channel line; determine the average temperature of each water depth in the reservoir during the migration period, and set the sound source at the middle depth of the suitable water temperature layer for the target migratory fish. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is the distribution of the interruption area of the Zhonghong line and the migratory channel in the example of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for deploying fish-driving sound sources for maintaining fish migration channels within a reservoir area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below by taking the migration of grass carp in a reservoir in a certain river basin as an example.

[0019] (1) Determination of the location of interruption of fish migration channel

[0020] The grass carp's induced velocity is 0.2 m / s. Based on the surface flow field distribution map of the reservoir, it can be determined that there is one area on the central line of the reservoir where the velocity is lower than the grass carp's induced velocity, with a length of L1 of 3 km.

[0021] (2) Determination of fish migration channel width

[0022] Based on the flow field distribution map of the reservoir surface, the narrowest width d1 of the area where the flow velocity in the reservoir is greater than the grass carp-induced flow velocity of 0.2 m / s and intersects with the central channel of the reservoir is determined to be 0.12 km, and the widest width d2 is 0.65 km. The width d of the fish migration channel is set to any value between 0.12 and 0.65 km, and is taken as 0.15 km.

[0023] (3) Determination of the rated sound intensity of the fish-driving sound source

[0024] Using the formula P=(1.3L p0 -13) / 100, to determine the sound intensity L required at the middle position of the two sound sources when the probability P of migratory fish staying in the migratory channel is 50% p0 is 48dB; the rated sound intensity of the required fish-repelling sound source is L p1 Set to be no less than L p0 Any value of , take 65dB;

[0025] (4) Determination of the number of fish-driving sound sources

[0026] Using the formula H1=2×10 (Lp1-Lp0+3) / 20 , determine that the distance H1 between the two sound sources is 20m; the number of artificial sound sources N1 required on both sides of the central line in the migratory channel interruption area is equal to ceil(L1 / H1)+1, where the function ceil is a rounding function that returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the expression. Calculation shows that 151 artificial sound sources need to be deployed on both sides of the central line;

[0027] (5) Determination of the location of the fish-driving sound source

[0028] The fish driving sound sources are evenly distributed on both sides of the middle channel line at the interruption position of the migration channel, with a spacing of 20m between the sound sources; the formula H2=10 (Lp1-10) / 20 +d / 2, the distance H2 from the fish-driving sound source to the mid-water line is determined to be 637.3m. The optimum temperature range for grass carp reproductive migration is 22 to 28°C, corresponding to a water depth range of 0 to 16m, meaning the median water depth is 8m. The sound source is located at a depth of 8m.

Claims

1. A method for deploying fish-repelling sound sources for maintaining fish migration channels within a reservoir area, comprising the following steps: (1) Determination of the location of interruption of fish migration channel Through hydrodynamic simulation, the flow field distribution map S on the reservoir surface is determined for the scenario where the reservoir water level is equal to the average water level during the fish migration period and the reservoir discharge is equal to the average discharge during the fish migration period. Based on the flow field distribution map S, the length L on the central channel line of the reservoir where the flow velocity is less than the target fish sensing flow velocity is determined. i (i=1,2,…,n) and its location, that is, the location where the fish migration channel is interrupted in the reservoir area; where L i is the length of the i-th interruption area; (2) Determination of fish migration channel width Based on the flow field distribution map S, determine the area M where the flow velocity is greater than the target fish-sensing flow velocity and intersects the reservoir midline. Also determine the width d1 of the narrowest point and d2 of the widest point of the area M perpendicular to the flow direction. The width d of the fish migration channel is set to any value between d1 and d2. (3) Determination of the rated sound intensity of the fish-driving sound source Using the formula P=(1.3L p0 -13) / 100, to determine the probability P of migratory fish staying in the migratory channel, the sound intensity L required at the middle position of the two sound sources p0 , where L p0 Between 10 decibels and 86.92 decibels; the required rated sound intensity of the fish-repelling sound source is L p1 Set to be no less than L p0 Any value of (4) Determination of the number of fish-driving sound sources Using the formula H1=2×10 (Lp1-Lp0+3) / 20 , determine the distance H1 between the two sound sources; the number of artificial sound sources N that need to be set on both sides of the middle line of the interruption area of the i-th migratory channel i Equal to ceil(L i / H1)+1, where the ceil function is a rounding function that returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the expression; (5) Determination of the location of the fish-driving sound source The fish driving sound sources are evenly distributed on both sides of the middle channel line at the interruption position of the migration channel, with the sound source spacing being H1; the formula H2 = 10 (Lp1-10) / 20 +d / 2, determine the distance H2 between the fish-driving sound source and the mid-channel line; determine the average temperature of each water depth in the reservoir during the migration period, and set the sound source at the middle depth of the suitable water temperature layer for the target migratory fish.

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