Energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of high-temperature carbonization furnace, and provides an energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, which comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with an outer steel shell and an inner steel shell, a ceramic fiber heat preservation layer is arranged between the outer steel shell and the inner steel shell, and a normal-temperature nitrogen gas injection inlet is arranged on the furnace body; a graphite inner muffle is arranged in the furnace body, the graphite inner muffle is provided with a feeding port, a discharging port and a waste gas discharge port, the feeding port and the discharging port extend to two ends of the furnace body respectively, and the waste gas discharge port is located on the side of the furnace body; a heat preservation layer is connected with the inner steel shell at one end and connected with the graphite inner muffle at the other end, and a sandwich layer is formed between the heat preservation layer and the inner steel shell. Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure has the advantages that when working, the sandwich layer between the heat preservation layer and the inner steel shell of the furnace body is filled with flowing nitrogen gas, heat loss is effectively reduced, and the energy-saving purpose is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of high-temperature carbonization furnace, and particularly relates to an energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Carbon fiber material is a new type of industrial material with the advantages of light weight, high strength, good thermal stability and dimensional stability, and is concerned in the fields of aerospace, aviation, automobile, electronics, machinery, chemical industry, light textile and other civil industries, sports equipment and leisure products. Energy saving and consumption reduction has been a problem concerned by carbonization furnace manufacturers and carbon fiber manufacturers. The continuous production of carbon fiber consumes a large amount of energy, especially the heating temperature of the high-temperature carbonization furnace reaches 1600 DEG C, and the electric energy consumption is as high as 800 KW, which is the largest part of the production cost of carbon fiber.

[0003] At present, the high-temperature carbonization furnace generally uses a multi-layer insulation structure to block the heat overflow in the furnace. However, due to the limitations of the device volume and cost, the amount of insulation material is limited, and part of the heat flows out, causing the overheating of the device shell. The water cooling jacket can be used to cool the device shell. The heat dissipated in the air or taken away by the water cooling jacket is actually a waste of electric energy. Moreover, the carbonization furnace needs to continuously inject inert gas, such as high-purity nitrogen, to drive the process waste gas in the furnace to the incinerator. In order not to affect the uniformity of the temperature in the furnace, the normal temperature nitrogen needs to be heated outside the furnace. At present, an external heater is generally used to heat the nitrogen to a certain temperature before injecting it into the hearth of the carbonization furnace. The use of the heating source also consumes electric energy, resulting in an increase in production cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides an energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure.

[0005] The application adopts the technical scheme that an energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure is provided, which comprises a furnace body, the furnace body has an outer steel shell and an inner steel shell, a ceramic fiber insulation layer is arranged between the outer steel shell and the inner steel shell, and a normal temperature nitrogen injection inlet is arranged on the furnace body.

[0006] A graphite inner muffle is arranged in the furnace body, the graphite inner muffle has a feeding port, a discharging port and a waste gas discharge port, the feeding port and the discharging port extend to the two ends of the furnace body respectively, and the waste gas discharge port is located on the side of the furnace body.

[0007] A heat preservation layer, one end of the heat preservation layer is connected with the inner layer steel shell, the other end of the heat preservation layer is connected with the graphite inner muffle, and a clamping layer is formed between the heat preservation layer and the inner layer steel shell, and the normal temperature nitrogen injection inlet is connected with the feeding inlet through the clamping layer.

[0008] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, the bottom of the heat preservation layer is provided with a first supporting leg, and the first supporting leg is connected with the lower end of the inner layer steel shell.

[0009] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, the bottom of the graphite inner muffle is provided with a second supporting leg, and the second supporting leg is connected with the lower end of the heat preservation layer.

[0010] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, the heat preservation layer has an outer layer graphite hard felt cladding layer, a graphite soft felt cladding layer, an inner layer graphite hard felt cladding layer and an anchoring piece, and the graphite hard felt cladding layer, the graphite soft felt cladding layer and the inner layer graphite hard felt cladding layer are connected through the anchoring piece.

[0011] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, a high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe is arranged on the furnace body, one end of the high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe is in communication with the clamping layer, and the other end of the high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe is connected with the feeding inlet.

[0012] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, a pipe heat preservation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe.

[0013] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, positive heating electrodes and negative heating electrodes are respectively arranged on the upper end of the graphite inner muffle and the lower side of the graphite inner muffle.

[0014] In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, nitrogen sealing devices are arranged on the feeding inlet and the discharging outlet, and the nitrogen sealing devices are used for preventing external air from entering the graphite inner muffle.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In the energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, the clamping layer between the heat preservation layer and the inner layer steel shell of the furnace body is filled with flowing nitrogen during operation, which effectively reduces heat loss and achieves the purpose of energy saving.

[0017] 2. There is no need to install a cooling water jacket on the outer steel shell of the furnace. The inner steel shell and the outer steel shell of the furnace are filled with ceramic fiber insulation material, which effectively prevents the heat inside the furnace from being lost to the outside.

[0018] 3. The heated nitrogen gas in the interlayer is re-injected into the inner muffle to achieve heat recirculation. There is no need to use an external nitrogen heater, which effectively reduces the energy consumption of the carbonization furnace body and achieves the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Fig. 1 This is a front view of the furnace body structure of this energy-saving high-temperature carbonization furnace for carbon fiber;

[0020] Fig. 2 This is a side view of the furnace body structure of this energy-saving high-temperature carbonization furnace for carbon fibers.

[0021] 1. Furnace body; 100. Outer steel shell; 101. Inner steel shell; 102. Ceramic fiber insulation layer; 16. High-temperature nitrogen delivery pipe; 17. Pipe insulation layer; 105. Positive heating electrode; 106. Negative heating electrode; 107. Room temperature nitrogen injection port; 108. Support frame; 109. Left electrode port; 120. Right electrode port;

[0022] 2. Graphite muffle furnace; 200. Feed inlet; 201. Discharge outlet; 202. Exhaust gas outlet; 203. Second support leg; 204. Second support column; 205. Nitrogen sealing device;

[0023] 3. Insulation layer; 301. First leg; 302. First support column; 303. Outer layer of graphite hard felt; 304. Graphite soft felt; 305. Inner layer of graphite hard felt; 306. Anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0025] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, the structure of this energy-saving high-temperature carbonization furnace body 1 includes: furnace body 1, ceramic fiber insulation layer 102, graphite muffle 2, and insulation layer 3.

[0026] In this embodiment, the furnace body 1 of the carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace has a sandwich structure design. It employs a double-layered steel outer shell, such as... Fig. 1 and Fig. 2As shown, the furnace body 1 includes an outer steel shell 100 and an inner steel shell 101. The inner steel shell 101 is made of stainless steel sheet by welding, and the material of the inner steel shell 101 is high-temperature-resistant steel plate, such as 310S (0Cr25Ni20). The outer steel shell 100 and the inner steel shell 101 are filled with ceramic fiber insulation layer 102 insulation material, which reduces the heat transfer from the inner steel shell 101 to the outer steel shell 100, effectively reducing the surface temperature of the outer shell.

[0027] The graphite inner muffle 2 is arranged in the furnace body 1, and has a feeding port 200, a discharging port 201, and a waste gas discharge port 202. The carbon fiber tows enter the graphite inner muffle 2 from the feeding port 200 for high-temperature carbonization, and the carbonized carbon fiber tows are discharged from the discharging port 201. The waste gas discharge port 202 is used to discharge the waste gas in the high-temperature carbonization process, so that the waste gas enters an external incinerator.

[0028] A sandwich layer is formed between the insulation layer and the inner steel shell. The outer shell of the furnace body 1 is designed with a normal-temperature nitrogen injection port 107, which penetrates the outer steel shell 100, the ceramic fiber insulation layer 102, and the inner steel shell 101 of the furnace body 1. The injected normal-temperature nitrogen flows between the insulation layer 3 and the sandwich layer of the inner steel shell 101 in the furnace. Since the thermal conductivity of nitrogen is low, and the flowing nitrogen exchanges heat with the insulation layer 3 in the furnace, the heat transfer to the inner steel shell 101 of the furnace body 1 can be effectively reduced, the heat loss to the external environment is reduced, and the temperature of the outer steel shell 100 of the furnace body 1 is greatly reduced. Moreover, after being heated, the normal-temperature nitrogen is injected into the graphite inner muffle 2 through the high-temperature nitrogen conveying pipe 16. The high-temperature nitrogen as a medium re-injects the heat that may be lost into the furnace, reducing the heat loss. At the same time, since an external nitrogen heater is not needed, the purpose of energy saving is achieved.

[0029] Specifically, the insulation layer 3 inside the furnace body 1 is composed of multiple layers of insulation material, and from outside to inside, it is an outer graphite hard felt layer 303, a graphite soft felt layer 304, and an inner graphite hard felt layer 305. It is not limited to the combination of graphite hard felt-graphite soft felt-graphite hard felt, and other combinations of materials such as rock wool board and glass wool can be selected to block the heat transfer from the furnace to the outside. Anchor 306 is used to penetrate the outer graphite hard felt layer 303, the graphite soft felt layer 304, and the inner graphite hard felt layer 305 in sequence, and tightly connect the three layers of materials into one whole.

[0030] In addition, in order to strengthen the surface compressive strength of the internal insulation layer 3, a graphite support plate can be additionally covered outside the graphite hard felt layer to prevent the support surface of the insulation layer 3 from being crushed.

[0031] Further, the inner insulation layer 3 is supported by the first leg 301 at the bottom, which is connected to the inner layer steel shell 101 of the furnace body 1 as a fulcrum. The first support column 302 is placed at the top of the inner insulation layer 3, and the other end of the first support column 302 is connected to the inner layer steel shell 101 of the furnace body 1. The support and limiting effect of the first leg 301 and the first support column 302 realizes the positioning of the inner insulation layer 3 inside the furnace body 1.

[0032] Further, the graphite inner muffle 2 is supported by the second leg 203 at the bottom, which is connected to the inner insulation layer 3 of the furnace as a fulcrum. The second support column 204 is placed at the top of the graphite inner muffle 2, and the other end of the second support column 204 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner insulation layer 3. The support and limiting effect of the second leg 203 and the second support column 204 realizes the positioning of the graphite inner muffle 2 inside the insulation layer 3. The positive heating electrode 105 and the negative heating electrode 106 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the graphite inner muffle 2, which are used for heating in the furnace. It is worth mentioning that the left electrode port 109 and the right electrode port 120 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace body 1.

[0033] Further, the high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe 16 is wrapped with a pipeline insulation layer 17, which can be made of high-temperature resistant materials such as ceramic fiber to prevent heat loss. Fig. 2 The position of the high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe 16 is designed outside the furnace body 1, but it is not limited to this. The high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe 16 can be placed inside the furnace body 1. The normal-temperature nitrogen gas is heated in the interlayer between the inner insulation layer 3 and the inner layer steel shell 101 of the furnace body 1, and then directly injected into the graphite inner muffle 2.

[0034] Further, the exhaust gas discharge port 202 is located on the side of the furnace body 1, and the exhaust gas discharge pipeline passes through the shell and the insulation layer 3 of the furnace body 1, and then connects the graphite inner muffle. The exhaust gas generated in the production of the carbonization furnace will be driven to the incinerator from the exhaust gas discharge port 202.

[0035] Specifically, the body of the nitrogen sealing device 205 includes a sealing cavity, and a plurality of normal-temperature nitrogen gas inlets and a plurality of high-temperature nitrogen gas inlets are staggered on the upper and lower sides of the sealing cavity. The normal-temperature nitrogen gas and the high-temperature nitrogen gas are supplied by a gas source, and the normal-temperature nitrogen gas flow and the high-temperature nitrogen gas flow play a role similar to that of an air curtain, which can block the outside air outside the air curtain to prevent air from entering the furnace, thereby ensuring the quality of the carbon fiber tow.

[0036] It is worth mentioning that in order to ensure that the furnace body 1 can work stably, a support frame 108 is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body 1, which can ensure the stability of the furnace body 1 and facilitate the high-temperature carbonization of the carbon fiber tow.

[0037] It should be noted that all the direction indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the direction indications will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, the descriptions such as "first", "second", "one", etc. in the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0039] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixation" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person skilled in the art can realize it, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor is it within the scope of protection required by the present application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a graphite inner muffle furnace with nitrogen gas injection, and belongs to the field of graphite inner muffle furnace. The utility model discloses a graphite inner muffle furnace with nitrogen gas injection, which comprises the following parts: A furnace body is provided with an outer layer steel shell and an inner layer steel shell, and a ceramic fiber insulation layer is arranged between the outer layer steel shell and the inner layer steel shell. A graphite inner muffle is arranged in the furnace body, and the graphite inner muffle is provided with a feeding port, a discharging port and a waste gas discharge port. An insulation layer is connected to one end of the inner layer steel shell and the other end of the graphite inner muffle, and a sandwich layer is formed between the insulation layer and the inner layer steel shell. The furnace body is provided with a high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe, one end of which is in communication with the sandwich layer, and the other end of which is connected to the feeding port.

2. The energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injected normal-temperature nitrogen gas flows between the insulation layer and the sandwich layer of the inner layer steel shell in the furnace.

3. The energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The low thermal conductivity of nitrogen gas and the heat exchange between the flowing nitrogen gas and the insulation layer in the furnace can effectively reduce the heat transfer to the inner layer steel shell of the furnace body, reduce the heat loss to the external environment, and greatly reduce the temperature of the outer layer steel shell of the furnace body.

4. The energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The normal-temperature nitrogen gas is heated and injected into the graphite inner muffle through the high-temperature nitrogen gas conveying pipe.

5. The energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature nitrogen gas serves as a medium to re-inject the lost heat into the furnace, reducing heat loss and eliminating the need for an external nitrogen gas heater.

6. The energy-saving carbon fiber high-temperature carbonization furnace body structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the insulation layer is provided with a first leg connected to the lower end of the inner layer steel shell, and the top of the insulation layer is provided with a first support column connected to the upper end of the inner layer steel shell. The bottom of the graphite inner muffle is provided with a second leg connected to the lower end of the insulation layer, and the top of the graphite inner muffle is provided with a second support column connected to the upper end of the insulation layer. The insulation layer has an outer layer graphite hard felt cladding, a graphite soft felt cladding, an inner layer graphite hard felt cladding and an anchor. The upper end of the graphite inner muffle and the lower side of the graphite inner muffle are respectively provided with positive heating electrodes and negative heating electrodes. The feeding port and the discharging port are provided with nitrogen gas sealing devices to prevent external air from entering the graphite inner muffle.

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