A tractor mounted potato harvester

Abstract

A kind of tractor type potato harvester, including frame, which is provided with digging shovel, first conveying separation mechanism and second conveying separation mechanism in order from front to back, first conveying separation mechanism has inlet and outlet, the outlet of first conveying separation mechanism is higher than the inlet, second conveying separation mechanism is located below the outlet of first conveying separation mechanism, the front end of frame is also provided with a roller, which is located in front of digging shovel, the frame is provided with a T-shaped connecting frame, the frame is provided with air blowing device with the same inclination angle as first conveying separation mechanism, air blowing device is used to blow air towards first conveying separation mechanism, the frame is provided with a weeding mechanism for weeding.The application has low bruise rate and broken skin rate, not only can adapt to the operation of hilly and mountainous areas, but also can be used for harvesting operation in plain areas, with wide application range.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a towed potato harvester. BACKGROUND

[0002] Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world after wheat, corn and rice, which provides food security for billions of people in the world. The planting area of potato in China is expanding year by year, and the harvesting machinery is also developing rapidly. At the same time, the technical level of harvesting machinery is also improving, and there are many models on the market.

[0003] During the harvesting process of the potato harvester, the damage rate of the potato cannot be reduced to the ideal level, and it is difficult to achieve satisfactory results by improving the mechanical technology. At the same time, the soil moisture content affects the separation effect during the separation process, and the different soil viscosity also affects the separation effect, and the harvesting cannot be realized without being affected by the external environment. China has a vast territory, and the terrain is different in different regions, which determines that the planting form of potato is different. The harvesting of potato in the northern plains has basically realized mechanization. Due to the fact that the southwest region is mainly hilly and mountainous area, the degree of mechanized harvesting is not high, and manual harvesting still exists in some areas at present, and potato harvesting machinery suitable for local terrain is urgently needed. At present, the potato harvesting machinery in China is generally only suitable for one type of region, and cannot be widely promoted. Therefore, it is necessary to design a towed potato harvester to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a towed potato harvester.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is: a towed potato harvester, comprising a frame, a digging shovel, a first conveying and separating mechanism and a second conveying and separating mechanism are sequentially arranged on the frame from front to rear, the first conveying and separating mechanism is inclinedly arranged at an angle of 8-12 degrees with the horizontal plane, the first conveying and separating mechanism has an inlet and an outlet, the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism is higher than the inlet, the second conveying and separating mechanism is located below the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism, a press wheel is further arranged at the front end of the frame, the press wheel is located in front of the digging shovel, a T-shaped connecting frame is arranged on the frame, the connecting frame is located above the digging shovel, the connecting frame has a horizontal part and a vertical part, the vertical part of the connecting frame faces forward and a towing frame is hingedly arranged at the end of the vertical part, two soil cutting disc knives are arranged on the both sides of the horizontal part of the connecting frame, and the press wheel is located between the two soil cutting disc knives, a blowing device with the same inclination angle as the first conveying and separating mechanism is arranged on the frame, the blowing device is used for blowing air towards the first conveying and separating mechanism, the blowing device comprises a plurality of evenly distributed fans, a rectangular protective net is arranged outside the fan, and the protective net is a wire mesh.

[0006] Further, the upper end of the frame is provided with a power transmission mechanism, the power transmission mechanism comprises a speed reducer, the speed reducer has a power input shaft and a power output shaft, the power input shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the output shaft of the tractor through a universal joint, and the power output shaft is used for transmitting power to the first conveying and separating mechanism.

[0007] Further, the first conveying and separating mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, two driving sprockets are arranged on the driving shaft, two driven sprockets are arranged on the driven shaft, the driving sprockets and the driven sprockets on the same side are connected through chains, a plurality of separation rods are uniformly arranged between the two chains, a rubber sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the separation rod, a plurality of rubber protrusions are arranged on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve, and the power output shaft is connected with the driving shaft through chain transmission.

[0008] Further, the frame is provided with a weeding mechanism for weeding, the weeding mechanism is located above the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism, the weeding mechanism comprises a cross beam arranged on the frame, two side plates are oppositely arranged on the cross beam, a fixed shaft and a blocking shaft are arranged between the two side plates, the blocking shaft is located behind the fixed shaft and is higher than the fixed shaft, a fixed sleeve is arranged on the fixed shaft, limiting sleeves are arranged on both sides of the fixed sleeve, first locking bolts for locking the limiting sleeves are arranged on the limiting sleeves, a V-shaped rod is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve, the V-shaped rod has a V-shaped opening and the V-shaped opening faces backward, the V-shaped rod comprises a first rod inclined downward and a second rod inclined upward, a counterweight sleeve is slidably arranged on the second rod, second locking bolts for locking the counterweight sleeve are arranged on the counterweight sleeve, the second rod can be placed on the blocking shaft, the end of the first rod is provided with a weeding rod in an arc shape, the weeding rod has an arc-shaped opening and the arc-shaped opening faces forward.

[0009] Further, the second conveying and separating mechanism comprises a first separating roller, a second separating roller, a third separating roller and a fourth separating roller arranged in sequence from front to back, the first separating roller and the third separating roller are the same in structure and size, the second separating roller and the fourth separating roller are the same in structure and size, the first separating roller and the third separating roller are connected through chain transmission, the second separating roller and the fourth separating roller are connected through chain transmission, and the driving shaft is connected with the first separating roller and the second separating roller through chain transmission.

[0010] Further, the first separating roller comprises a first roller body, first helical protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the first roller body, the second separating roller comprises a second roller body, and second helical protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the second roller body, the rotation directions of the first helical protrusions and the second helical protrusions are opposite.

[0011] Further, the cutting disc cutter is provided with a groove on the outer circumference, and the lower end of the frame is provided with a rotating floor roller.

[0012] Further, the primary conveying and separating mechanism comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a synchronous belt sleeved on the driving roller and the driven roller, the synchronous belt is two and symmetrically arranged, a plurality of grid rods are uniformly arranged between the two synchronous belts, the grid rod is in an arch bridge shape, and the power output shaft is connected with the driving roller through chain transmission.

[0013] Further, the digging spades are multiple and arranged along the width direction of the rack, and the digging spades are in a sawtooth shape.

[0014] Further, the rear end of the digging spade is provided with a rotating shaft, a potato and stone separating plate is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, a baffle is vertically arranged on the bottom of the potato and stone separating plate and is perpendicular to the potato and stone separating plate, the potato and stone separating plate can rotate around the rotating shaft and has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the potato and stone separating plate abuts against the rear end of the digging spade, and in the second state, the baffle abuts against the bottom of the digging spade.

[0015] The potato and soil separating device has the following beneficial effects: 1. The soil cutting disc knife rotates through friction with the ground, which cuts the vine, and the vine removing mechanism can remove the vine in the potato and soil mixture, thereby providing convenience for subsequent storage and transportation.

[0016] 2. The air blowing device is arranged, the fan rotates to provide airflow with a specific speed for potato and soil separation, the separation rods of the primary conveying and separating mechanism transport the potato and soil mixture obliquely upwards, the potato is transported upwards on the separation rods due to the large diameter, the soil is easily broken, the broken small soil falls to the ground through the gap between the two separation rods, and the soil attached to the surface of the potato is blown away and falls to the ground under the action of the airflow, the air blowing device separates the potato and soil by utilizing the density difference between the potato and soil and by means of the high-speed airflow.

[0017] 3. The rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the separation rod, a plurality of rubber protrusions are arranged on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve, the rubber sleeve avoids damage to the potato, the rubber protrusions are arranged, the rubber protrusions are rubbed with the surface of the potato during conveying, the soil attached to the surface of the potato is easily removed, even if the soil attached to the surface of the potato cannot be completely removed, the rubber protrusions can also make the soil originally attached to the surface of the potato have smaller adhesion, so that the soil is blown away and falls to the ground under the action of the airflow of the air blowing device, and the purpose of removing heavy soil is achieved.

[0018] 4、The application is provided with two-stage conveying separation mechanism, which is first separated to both sides under the action of the first-stage separation roller, gathered to the middle under the action of the second-stage separation roller, then separated again by the third-stage separation roller, and gathered to the middle again by the fourth-stage separation roller, so that the potato-soil mixture presents an opening and closing type movement track, the movement length, i.e. the effective separation length, of the potato-soil mixture is greatly increased in a short distance, and the last fourth-stage separation roller gathers the potatoes to the middle, so that the potatoes can be ensured to fall on the ground in the middle of the machine, and the potatoes are arranged in a straight line on the ground after harvesting, so that the secondary burying phenomenon is avoided and the subsequent picking is facilitated.

[0019] 5、The application is provided with a mopping roller, which can level the surface of the excavated land, so that the secondary burying phenomenon is avoided.

[0020] 6、The application is provided with a blocking shaft, so that the second rod is prevented from further rotating downward, and a limiting sleeve is arranged to limit the movement of the fixing sleeve.

[0021] 7、The sawtooth-shaped excavating shovel has better adaptability to the excavated soil and the best sliding cutting performance, and the sawtooth can first break the soil during excavation, so that the soil, whether heavy or hard, can be broken by the sawtooth-shaped blade, which is equivalent to the first step of potato-soil separation, and the sawtooth has small resistance and can excavate to a deeper depth. Generally, the potato tuber depth is about 150-200 mm, and the excavating depth of the excavating shovel can reach 280-330 mm, which is much higher than the potato tuber depth, so there is no need to worry about damaging the potatoes.

[0022] 8、The grid rod is in the shape of an arch bridge, so that a large amount of excavated soil is not stacked in the middle, but can be separated to both sides a little, so as to avoid excessive local pressure and facilitate the potato-soil separation efficiency.

[0023] 9、The potato-stone separation plate can knock off the stones stuck between the grid rods, effectively avoiding the damage to the potatoes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a side view of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a top view of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a bottom view of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0029] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the weeding mechanism of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0030] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the first-stage separating roller of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0031] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the second-stage separating roller of the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0032] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the embodiment 2 of the application;

[0033] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the first-stage conveying and separating mechanism of the embodiment 2 of the application;

[0034] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the first state of the potato and stone separating plate of the embodiment 2 of the application;

[0035] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the second state of the potato and stone separating plate of the embodiment 2 of the application.

[0036] Marked in the figure: 1, frame, 11, wheel, 12, digging shovel, 13, potato and stone separating plate, 131, baffle, 2, first-stage conveying and separating mechanism, 21, driving roller, 22, driven roller, 23, synchronous belt, 24, grid rod, 3, air blowing device, 31, fan, 32, protective net, 4, weeding mechanism, 41, cross beam, 42, side plate, 43, fixed shaft, 44, blocking shaft, 45, V-shaped rod, 451, second rod, 452, first rod, 46, limiting sleeve, 461, first locking bolt, 47, counterweight sleeve, 471, second locking bolt, 5, second-stage conveying and separating mechanism, 51, first-stage separating roller, 511, first roller body, 512, first helical protrusion, 52, second-stage separating roller, 521, second roller body, 522, second helical protrusion, 53, third-stage separating roller, 54, fourth-stage separating roller, 6, press wheel, 61, first connecting plate, 7, speed reducer, 71, power input shaft, 72, power output shaft, 8, floor roller, 81, second connecting plate, 9, connecting frame, 91, horizontal part, 92, vertical part, 93, traction frame, 94, soil cutting disc cutter, 941, groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-8 The embodiment of the present application provides a tractor type potato harvester, which comprises a frame 1, a digging shovel 12, a first conveying and separating mechanism 2 and a second conveying and separating mechanism 5 are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 from front to rear, the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 is inclinedly arranged at an angle of 8-12 degrees with the horizontal plane, specifically, the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 is inclinedly arranged at an angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal plane, the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 has an inlet and an outlet, the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 is higher than the inlet, the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 is inclinedly arranged from low front to high rear, the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 is located at the rear end thereof, the second conveying and separating mechanism 5 is located below the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism 2, a press wheel 6 is further arranged at the front end of the frame 1, the press wheel 6 is located in front of the digging shovel 12, a T-shaped connecting frame 9 is arranged on the frame 1, the connecting frame 9 is located above the digging shovel 12, the connecting frame 9 has a horizontal part 91 and a vertical part 92, the vertical part 92 of the connecting frame 9 faces forward and the end thereof is hingedly provided with a traction frame 93, two soil cutting disc knives 94 are rotatably arranged on the both sides of the horizontal part 91 of the connecting frame 9, the press wheel 6 is located between the two soil cutting disc knives 94, a blowing device 3 with the same inclination angle as the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 is arranged on the frame 1, the blowing device 3 is used for blowing air towards the first conveying and separating mechanism 2, the blowing device 3 comprises a plurality of uniformly distributed fans 31, a rectangular protective net 32 is arranged outside the fan 31, the protective net 32 is a wire mesh, and the protective net 32 can effectively avoid the damage of stone impact on the fan blades.

[0039] The present application provides power through a tractor, the traction frame 93 is hung with the tractor, the first connecting plate 61 is hingedly arranged on the both sides of the press wheel 6, the first connecting plate 61 is hingedly connected with the front end of the frame 1, combined with Figure 1As shown, the upper end of the frame 1 is provided with a power transmission mechanism, which includes a speed reducer 7 having a power input shaft 71 and a power output shaft 72, the power input shaft 71 and the power output shaft 72 being at an angle of 90 degrees, the power input shaft 71 of the speed reducer 7 being connected with the output shaft of the tractor through a universal joint, and the power output shaft 72 being used for transmitting power to the first conveying and separating mechanism 2.

[0040] Moreover, the fan 31 in the air blowing device rotates to provide a specific speed airflow for the potato and soil separation, the separation rods of the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 transport the potato and soil mixture obliquely upwards, and in the transportation, the potatoes are transported upwards on the separation rods due to their large diameter, the soil clumps are easily broken, the broken small soil clumps fall to the ground through the gap between the two separation rods, and the soil attached to the surface of the potato has poor adhesion and is blown away and falls to the ground under the action of the airflow, and the air blowing device 3 realizes the potato and soil separation by means of the high-speed airflow.

[0041] Specifically, the first conveying and separating mechanism 2 includes a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the driving shaft is provided with two driving sprockets, the driven shaft is provided with two driven sprockets, the driving sprockets and the driven sprockets on the same side are connected through chains, a plurality of separation rods are uniformly distributed between the two chains, the separation rods are provided with rubber sleeves on the outside, a plurality of rubber protrusions are arranged on the outer wall of the rubber sleeve, the power output shaft 72 is connected with the driving shaft through chain transmission, the power output shaft 72 is provided with a first sprocket, the driving shaft is provided with a second sprocket, the first sprocket and the second sprocket are connected through chains, and the rubber sleeve can avoid damaging the potatoes. By arranging the rubber protrusions, the rubber protrusions can be rubbed with the surface of the potatoes in the conveying process, so as to facilitate the removal of the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes. Even if the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes cannot be completely removed, the rubber protrusions can also make the soil originally attached to the surface of the potatoes have smaller adhesion, so as to facilitate the soil to be blown away and fall to the ground under the action of the airflow of the air blowing device 3, and the purpose of removing the heavy soil is achieved.

[0042] More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the rack 1 is provided with a weeding mechanism 4 for weeding, the weeding mechanism 4 is located above the outlet of the first conveying and separating mechanism 2, the weeding mechanism 4 comprises a cross beam 41 arranged on the rack 1, two side plates 42 are oppositely arranged on the cross beam 41, a fixed shaft 43 and a blocking shaft are arranged between the two side plates 42, the blocking shaft is located behind the fixed shaft 43 and is higher than the fixed shaft 43, a fixed sleeve 44 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 43, the fixed sleeve 44 is three and is arranged at intervals, the fixed sleeve 44 can move axially left and right along the fixed shaft 43, limit sleeves 46 are slidably arranged on the fixed shaft 43 on both sides of the fixed sleeve 44, the limit sleeves 46 are provided with first locking bolts 461 for locking the limit sleeves 46, by arranging the limit sleeves 46 and the first locking bolts 461, the position of the fixed sleeve 44 on the fixed shaft 43 can be adjusted, when the fixed sleeve 44 is adjusted to a suitable position, the limit sleeves 46 on both sides of the fixed sleeve 44 are tightly attached to the fixed sleeve 44, and then the first locking bolts 461 are used to lock the limit sleeves 46, so that the fixed sleeve 44 is limited to move axially, a V-shaped rod 45 is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 44, the V-shaped rod 45 has a V-shaped opening and the V-shaped opening faces backward, the V-shaped rod 45 comprises a first rod 452 which inclines downward and a second rod 451 which inclines upward, a counterweight sleeve 47 is slidably sleeved on the second rod 451, the counterweight sleeve 47 is provided with second locking bolts 471 for locking the counterweight sleeve 47, the second rod 451 can be placed on the blocking shaft to avoid further counterclockwise rotation of the second rod 451 downward, an end of the first rod 452 is provided with a weeding rod 453 which is arc-shaped, the weeding rod 453 has an arc-shaped opening and the arc-shaped opening faces forward, by arranging the counterweight sleeve 47, when the weeding rod 453 is impacted by the potato and sundry mixture, the weeding rod 453 is prevented from counterclockwise rotation upward, when the first conveying and separating mechanism conveys the potato and soil mixture, some seedlings are mixed therein, when the seedlings pass through the plurality of weeding rods 453, the seedlings are blocked or hooked, so that the potatoes continue to move backward and fall into the second conveying and separating mechanism 5, the seedlings which are blocked or hooked fall downward under the action of their own gravity, fall into the ground through the gap between the separating rods, so that the weeding is realized.

[0043] In combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the secondary conveying separation mechanism 5 includes a first separation roller 51, a second separation roller 52, a third separation roller 53 and a fourth separation roller 54 arranged in sequence from front to back, the first separation roller 51 and the third separation roller 53 are the same in structure and size, the second separation roller 52 and the fourth separation roller 54 are the same in structure and size, the first separation roller 51 and the third separation roller 53 are connected by chain transmission, the second separation roller 52 and the fourth separation roller 54 are connected by chain transmission, the driving shaft is connected with the first separation roller 51 and the second separation roller 52 by chain transmission, the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket are arranged on the left and right sides of the driving shaft, the third transmission sprocket and the third sprocket are arranged on the right side of the first separation roller 51, the fourth transmission sprocket and the fourth sprocket are arranged on the left side of the second separation roller 52, the third transmission sprocket is connected with the second transmission sprocket by chain, the first transmission sprocket is connected with the fourth transmission sprocket by chain, the fifth sprocket is arranged on the right side of the third separation roller 53, the third sprocket is connected with the fifth sprocket by chain, the sixth sprocket is arranged on the left side of the fourth separation roller 54, and the fourth sprocket is connected with the sixth sprocket by chain.

[0044] In combination Figure 7 And Figure 8 As shown, the first separation roller 51 includes a first roller body 511, and a first spiral protrusion 512 is symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the first roller body 511, the second separation roller 52 includes a second roller body 521, and a second spiral protrusion 522 is symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the second roller body 521, the rotation directions of the first spiral protrusion 512 and the second spiral protrusion 522 are opposite, the first roller body 511, the second roller body 521, the first spiral protrusion 512 and the second spiral protrusion 522 are all made of rubber material, so as to avoid secondary damage to potatoes, the potatoes are first separated to both sides under the action of the first separation roller 51, and then gathered to the middle under the action of the second separation roller 52, then separated again by the third separation roller 53, and then gathered to the middle again by the fourth separation roller 54, so that the potatoes and soil mixture presents an opening and closing type motion track, through the curve motion in a short distance, the motion length of the potatoes and soil mixture, that is, the effective separation length, is greatly increased, and the last fourth separation roller 54 gathers the potatoes to the middle, so that the potatoes can all fall on the ground in the middle part of the machine, and the potatoes are arranged in a straight line on the ground after harvesting, so as to avoid the secondary burying phenomenon and facilitate subsequent picking.

[0045] Further, the rear end of the frame 1 is also provided with wheels 11, the outer circumference of the soil cutting disc cutter 94 is provided with a groove 941, the lower end of the frame 1 is provided with a rotating ground roller 8, the upper end of the frame 1 is provided with a second connecting plate 81 on both sides thereof, the ground roller 8 is hingedly connected to the two second connecting plates 81 at both ends thereof, the ground roller 8 is located below the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 5, the ground roller 8 can level the surface of the land after excavation, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the secondary burying of the potatoes, the soil cutting disc cutter 94 of the present application is rotated through friction with the ground, thereby playing a role in cutting the vines, and the combination of the vine removing mechanism 4 can remove all the vines contained in the potato soil mixture, thereby providing convenience for subsequent storage and transportation.

[0046] When the present application is used, the tractor is used for traction, the ground ridge is first compacted by the compacting wheel 6, the soil cutting disc cutter 94 starts to rotate to cut the vines, weeds and the like under the friction with the ground, then the digging shovel 12 starts to dig the potatoes into the soil, the potato soil mixture is lifted along with the cutter, then the potato soil mixture is transported to the primary conveying and separating mechanism 2 along with the advancement of the machine, the first potato soil separation is performed through the primary conveying and separating mechanism 2, then the potato soil mixture after the first potato soil separation is transported to the secondary conveying and separating mechanism 5 to perform the second potato soil separation, and finally the fourth separating roller 54 gathers the potatoes to the middle, thereby ensuring that all the potatoes fall on the ground in the middle part of the machine. The present application can solve the technical problems of high damage rate and heavy soil in the prior art.

[0047] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the following provides several other embodiments based on the design concept of the present application.

[0048] For example, in embodiment 2, unlike the above-described embodiments, as shown in Figure 9 , 10 The primary conveying and separating mechanism 2 includes a driving roller 21, a driven roller 22 and a synchronous belt 23 sleeved on the driving roller 21 and the driven roller 22, the synchronous belt 23 can also be a belt, the synchronous belt 23 is two and symmetrically arranged, a plurality of grid rods 24 are uniformly arranged between the two synchronous belts 23, the grid rod 24 is in the shape of an arch bridge, the power output shaft 72 is connected to the driving roller 21 through chain transmission, the height of the driving roller 21 is higher than that of the driven roller 22, the two ends of the driving roller 21 are rotationally connected to the frame 1 through first connecting rods, one of the first connecting rods extends out of the frame 1 and the end portion extending out is provided with a seventh sprocket, the seventh sprocket and the first sprocket are connected through a chain, the two ends of the driven roller 22 are rotationally connected to the frame 1 through second connecting rods, the grid rod 24 is in the shape of an arch bridge, so that a large amount of excavated soil can be separated to both sides a little bit after being excavated, thereby avoiding excessive local pressure and being conducive to accelerating the potato soil separation efficiency.

[0049] There are multiple digging shovels 12, which are arranged along the width of the frame. The digging shovels 12 are serrated, with some digging shovels 12 having a front end that is a regular trapezoid and others having an inverted trapezoid. The digging shovels 12 with regular trapezoidal shape and the digging shovels 12 with inverted trapezoidal shape are arranged alternately.

[0050] like Figure 11 , 12 As shown, the rear end of the digging shovel 12 is provided with a rotating shaft, on which a potato-stone separating plate 13 is rotatably mounted. The number of potato-stone separating plates 13 is the same as that of the digging shovel 12. Some of the potato-stone separating plates 13 have a front end that is a regular trapezoid, while the other part of the potato-stone separating plates 13 has an inverted trapezoid. The potato-stone separating plates 13 with regular trapezoids and those with inverted trapezoids are arranged alternately, that is, there is one potato-stone separating plate 13 with an inverted trapezoid between two digging shovels 12 with regular trapezoids.

[0051] The potato-stone separation plate 13 is provided with three rotating sleeves. The rotating sleeves are rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft and have no axial displacement. There are two baffles 131 at the bottom of the potato-stone separation plate 13, which are located on both sides of the bottom of the potato-stone separation plate 13. The potato-stone separation plate 13 can rotate around the rotating shaft and has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the potato-stone separation plate 13 abuts against the rear end of the digging shovel 12 to prevent the potato-stone separation plate 13 from continuing to rotate. In the second state, the baffles 131 abut against the bottom of the digging shovel 12 to prevent the potato-stone separation plate 13 from continuing to rotate. The potato-stone separation plate 13 is located at the front end of the primary conveying and separating mechanism 2.

[0052] When the digging shovel 12 enters the soil to begin digging the potatoes, the potato-soil mixture rises with the blade. At this time, the potato-soil mixture presses down on the potato-stone separating plate 13, keeping it in a second state. When stones are stuck between the grid bars 24, the stones come into contact with the potato-stone separating plate 13. The stones exert a force on the potato-stone separating plate 13 to flip forward, while the potato-soil mixture exerts a force on the potato-stone separating plate 13 to flip backward. The potato-soil mixture is numerous and heavy, so the force exerted on the potato-stone separating plate 13 to flip backward is greater than the force exerted on the potato-stone separating plate 13 to flip forward. Therefore, the stones are knocked off due to the resistance of the backward flipping force of the potato-stone separating plate 13, effectively preventing damage to the potatoes.

[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pull-type potato harvester characterized in that, The utility model relates to a potato digging machine, including frame (1), frame (1) is equipped with from front to back in proper order digging spade (12), first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) and second -stage conveying separation mechanism (5), first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) is inclinedly arranged with the horizontal plane 8-12 degree angle, first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) has the entrance and the export, and the export of first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) is higher than the entrance, and second -stage conveying separation mechanism (5) is located the export of first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) below, frame (1) front end is equipped with the compression wheel (6) still, and the compression wheel (6) is located digging spade (12) front, and frame (1) is equipped with the T -shaped connecting frame (9) still, and the connecting frame (9) is located digging spade (12) above, and the connecting frame (9) has horizontal part (91) and vertical part (92), and the vertical part (92) of connecting frame (9) is towards the front and the end hinged traction frame (93) is equipped with, and the horizontal part (91) of connecting frame (9) both sides are equipped with the soil cutting disc cutter (94) respectively, and the compression wheel (6) is located between two soil cutting disc cutters (94), and frame (1) is equipped with with the blowing device (3) of the inclination angle of first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) still, and the blowing device (3) is used for blowing to first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2), and the blowing device (3) includes multiple evenly distributed fan (31), and the outside of fan (31) is equipped with the rectangular protection net (32), and the protection net (32) is wire netting; The first -stage conveying separation mechanism (2) includes a driving roller (21), a driven roller (22), and a synchronous belt (23) sleeved on the driving roller (21) and the driven roller (22), the synchronous belt (23) is symmetrical and arranged between the two driving rollers (21), a plurality of grid rods (24) are evenly arranged between the two synchronous belts (23), the grid rod (24) is in the shape of an arch bridge, and the power output shaft (72) is connected with the driving roller (21) through chain transmission; The digging spade (12) is provided in the width direction of the frame, and the digging spade (12) is in the shape of a sawtooth; the rear end of the digging spade (12) is provided with a rotating shaft, a potato and stone separation plate (13) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, a baffle (131) is vertically arranged on the bottom of the potato and stone separation plate (13), the potato and stone separation plate (13) can rotate around the rotating shaft and has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the potato and stone separation plate (13) abuts against the rear end of the digging spade (12), and in the second state, the baffle (131) abuts against the bottom of the digging spade (12); When the digging shovel (12) starts to dig potatoes into the soil, the potato-soil mixture will press the potato-soil separation plate (13) to keep it in the second state as the cutter rises. When the stone is clamped between the grid rods (24) and contacts the potato-soil separation plate (13), the stone gives the potato-soil separation plate (13) a force to flip it forward, and the potato-soil mixture gives the potato-soil separation plate (13) a force to flip it backward. The large amount and weight of the potato-soil mixture make the force to flip the potato-soil separation plate (13) backward greater than the force to flip it forward. Therefore, the stone is knocked off due to the resistance of the force to flip the potato-soil separation plate (13) backward, effectively preventing the occurrence of potato damage.

2. A trailed potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission mechanism is arranged on the upper end of the rack (1) and comprises a speed reducer (7) having a power input shaft (71) and a power output shaft (72). The power input shaft (71) of the speed reducer (7) is connected with the output shaft of the tractor through a universal joint, and the power output shaft (72) is used for transmitting power to the primary conveying and separating mechanism (2).

3. A trailed potato harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary conveying and separating mechanism (2) comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft. Two driving sprockets are arranged on the driving shaft, and two driven sprockets are arranged on the driven shaft. The driving sprockets and the driven sprockets on the same side are connected through chains. A plurality of separation rods are evenly arranged between the two chains. The separation rods are provided with rubber sleeves on the outer sides. A plurality of rubber protrusions are arranged on the outer side walls of the rubber sleeves. The power output shaft (72) is connected with the driving shaft through chain transmission.

4. A self-propelled potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (1) is provided with a weeding mechanism (4) for weeding. The weeding mechanism (4) is located above the outlet of the primary conveying and separating mechanism (2). The weeding mechanism (4) comprises a cross beam (41) arranged on the rack (1). Two side plates (42) are oppositely arranged on the cross beam (41). A fixed shaft (43) and a blocking shaft are arranged between the two side plates (42). The blocking shaft is located behind the fixed shaft (43) and is higher than the fixed shaft (43). A fixed sleeve (44) is arranged on the fixed shaft (43). Limiting sleeves (46) are arranged on the fixed shaft (43) on both sides of the fixed sleeve (44). First locking bolts (461) for locking the limiting sleeves (46) are arranged on the limiting sleeves (46). V-shaped rods (45) are arranged on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve (44). The V-shaped rods (45) have V-shaped openings facing the rear. The V-shaped rods (45) comprise first rods (452) inclined downward and second rods (451) inclined upward. Counterweight sleeves (47) are slidably arranged on the second rods (451). Second locking bolts (471) for locking the counterweight sleeves (47) are arranged on the counterweight sleeves (47). The second rods (451) can be placed on the blocking shaft. The end portions of the first rods (452) are provided with weeding rods (453) in the shape of arcs. The weeding rods (453) have arc-shaped openings facing the front.

5. A self-propelled potato harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary conveying and separating mechanism (5) comprises, from front to back, a first separating roller (51), a second separating roller (52), a third separating roller (53) and a fourth separating roller (54), the first separating roller (51) and the third separating roller (53) are the same in structure and size, the second separating roller (52) and the fourth separating roller (54) are the same in structure and size, the first separating roller (51) and the third separating roller (53) are connected through chain transmission, the second separating roller (52) and the fourth separating roller (54) are connected through chain transmission, and the driving shafts are connected with the first separating roller (51) and the second separating roller (52) through chain transmission.

6. A trailed potato harvester according to claim 5, characterised in that: The first separating roller (51) comprises a first roller body (511), and first helical protrusions (512) are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the first roller body (511); the second separating roller (52) comprises a second roller body (521), and second helical protrusions (522) are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the second roller body (521); and the first helical protrusions (512) and the second helical protrusions (522) are opposite in rotation direction.

7. A self-propelled potato harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil cutting disc cutter (94) is provided with a groove (941) on the outer circumference, and the rack (1) is provided with a rotating mopping roller (8) at the lower end, and the mopping roller (8) is located below the secondary conveying and separating mechanism (5).

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