A dust suppression device and method for a peanut picking and harvesting machine

Abstract

This invention relates to a dust suppression device and method for a peanut picking machine, belonging to the field of peanut harvesting technology in agricultural machinery. The technical solution is as follows: Part of the air discharged from the peanut picking machine's exhaust port enters the air chamber through the air intake system, is filtered by a filter, and then delivered to the peanut cleaning fan of the peanut picking machine through an air supply pipe; the other part of the air enters the pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber through the upper inlet of the machine body system, and is subsequently treated by the bubble spray system (6), the water spray system (8), and the pressure-reducing dust suppression system before being discharged through the lower inlet system (9). The beneficial effects of this invention are: when used in conjunction with existing peanut picking machines, it reduces environmental pollution and damage to the ecological environment caused by excessive exhaust airflow during picking, which carries large amounts of dust, broken stems and leaves, peanut film fragments, and other debris; it also diverts a portion of the airflow for peanut cleaning, thereby achieving energy saving, emission reduction, and dust suppression; it is convenient to use and has a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dust suppression device and method for a peanut picking and harvesting machine, belonging to the field of peanut harvesting technology in agricultural machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Peanut picking machines are a relatively mature technology. Manufacturers such as Henan Yudechang, Wode, Jindafeng, Zoomlion, and Weichai Lovol produce peanut picking machines that occupy most of the national market. However, they all have some prominent problems: during the dry picking process, an air volume of more than 40m / s is required to clean and discharge peanuts and debris. This results in a large amount of dust, broken stems and leaves, peanut film fragments and other debris being generated after the exhaust air is discharged from the peanut picking machine, causing environmental pollution and damaging the ecological environment. At the same time, the configured straw-throwing fan consumes a lot of energy and wastes energy. To address the aforementioned issues, Chinese patent applications CN 111296039 A (titled "A dust suppression device for a peanut picking and harvesting machine"), CN 110024548 A (titled "A peanut harvester and its straw-throwing dust suppression mechanism"), and CN 111296041 A (titled "A low-dust peanut picking and harvesting combined machine"), among others, all focus on improving the structure of existing peanut picking and harvesting machines. By modifying the internal structure of the peanut picking and harvesting machine itself, dust suppression is achieved. However, improving mature existing peanut picking and harvesting machines is costly, and these machines cannot perform dust removal on existing ones, making market promotion and application difficult. Furthermore, the kinetic energy of the air discharged from peanut picking and harvesting machines is substantial, and not reusing this energy could lead to energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust suppression device and method for a peanut picking and harvesting machine. When used in conjunction with an existing peanut picking and harvesting machine during the peanut picking and harvesting process, it reduces environmental pollution and ecological damage caused by dust, broken stems and leaves, peanut film fragments, and other debris. It also diverts a portion of the airflow for peanut cleaning, thereby achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and dust suppression. The device is convenient to use, has a compact structure, and solves the aforementioned problems in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0005] A dust suppression device for a peanut picking machine includes a frame and an upper inlet system, an air intake system, a pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber, and a lower inlet system mounted on the frame. The air intake system includes an air inlet, an air chamber, a filter, and an air supply pipe. The filter is located below the air chamber, the air inlet is located at the top of the air chamber, and the air supply pipe is located at the bottom. The upper inlet system includes the upper inlet of the machine and the air intake of the air intake system. The pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber is equipped with a bubble spray system, a water spray system, and a pressure-reducing dust suppression system. The top of the pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber is connected to the upper inlet system, and the bottom is connected to the lower inlet system. The exhaust vent of the peanut picking machine is connected to the upper system of the machine body. The exhaust vent is connected to both the upper system and the air intake. The air intake draws part of the exhaust air from the peanut picking machine into the air chamber, where it is filtered by a filter and then delivered to the peanut cleaning fan through the air supply pipe. This allows for secondary utilization of air energy, reducing the power consumption of the cleaning fan and saving energy. The air entering the upper system is sprayed through the bubble spray system and then enters the pressure reducing dust chamber. After being treated by the water spray system and the pressure reducing dust system, the air is discharged through the lower system of the machine body.

[0006] The bubble spray system consists of bubble spray heads, connecting pipes, delivery pipes, a bubble generator, an air storage tank, a 24-volt electric water pump, and a water tank. Multiple bubble spray heads are mounted on the connecting pipes, which are located on the top and side walls of the pressure reducing dust chamber. The bubble spray heads spray air into the pressure reducing dust chamber. The connecting pipes are connected to the 24-volt electric water pump located at the bottom of the frame via the delivery pipes. The bubble generator, air storage tank, and water tank together constitute a bubble generating device. Powered by the 24-volt electric water pump, a mixture of compressed air and water is sprayed out through the bubble spray heads. The advantage of using a bubble spray system is that bubbles have a larger contact area than water droplets or mist, thus achieving a water-saving effect.

[0007] The water spraying system consists of two high-pressure nozzles, four atomizing nozzles, a water spraying pipe, a 24-volt electric water pump, and a water tank. The water spraying system shares the 24-volt electric water pump and water tank with the bubble spraying system. The water spraying pipe is installed on the side wall of the pressure reducing dust chamber, and the two high-pressure nozzles and four atomizing nozzles are installed on the water spraying pipe. The water spraying pipe is connected to the 24-volt electric water pump and water tank.

[0008] The pressure reduction and dust suppression system is divided into three levels: a primary, a secondary, and a tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system arranged from top to bottom. The primary, secondary, and tertiary systems have identical structures, each consisting of a semi-enclosed vortex chamber formed by the side walls of the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber, a baffle plate, and an arc-shaped filter plate. The three baffle plates and three arc-shaped filter plates of each system are arranged in an alternating pattern, with both inclined downwards to form three semi-enclosed vortex chambers. Each of the three systems has one semi-enclosed vortex chamber. When air enters the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber from the top of the unit, it forms a vortex through the baffle plate, the arc-shaped filter plate, and the chamber walls, colliding with the fresh air at the top of the unit and moving downwards.

[0009] The filter plate has multiple holes. The filter plate is a 3mm thick porous steel plate with holes of 10mm in diameter. The filter plate and the arc-shaped filter plate are arranged in an alternating manner, each at a 30-degree angle to the horizontal plane. The filter plate and the arc-shaped filter plate are seamlessly welded to the front wall, rear wall, and side wall of the pressure reducing dust chamber. There is a gap of 150-200mm between the filter plate and the arc-shaped filter plate to reduce the air pressure. At the same time, the filter plate changes part of the airflow direction and filters dust and impurities in the air. The 30-degree angle welding of the filter plate prevents wet dust and impurities from adhering to the filter plate.

[0010] The high-pressure nozzles of the water spray system are located at the top of the semi-enclosed vortex chamber of the primary pressure-reducing dust suppression system; the atomizing nozzles of the water spray system are located at the top of the semi-enclosed vortex chambers of the secondary and tertiary pressure-reducing dust suppression systems, with two atomizing nozzles in each of the secondary and tertiary semi-enclosed vortex chambers. The main function of the primary, secondary, and tertiary pressure-reducing dust suppression systems is to reduce wind pressure while simultaneously suppressing dust, allowing compliant air to be discharged from the lower outlet system of the machine body.

[0011] The lower part of the machine body system is provided with a lower part of the machine body, which is the discharge port after dust suppression. Its lower edge is higher than the inner bottom of the lower part of the machine body. Its function is to allow the exhaust air to blow upwards and prevent secondary dust. As the dust and debris after dust suppression are heavier than before, they are discharged by the inertia of the peanut picking machine or manually cleaned.

[0012] A vent is provided on the outer side of the end of the air chamber to discharge debris deposited in the air chamber.

[0013] The frame is connected to the fruit-picking machine via a dust suppression equipment mounting point.

[0014] A dust-proof pad is provided on the upper surface of the frame. The dust-proof pad is made of rubber and is set around the upper port system of the machine body through rivets. The dust-proof pad is 5 cm longer than the upper edge of the air inlet of the upper port system of the machine body. Its function is to ensure that the upper port system of the machine body is tightly docked with the exhaust port of the peanut pick-up and threshing machine, playing a sealing role.

[0015] The filter, air supply pipe, bubble spray head, high-pressure spray head, atomizing spray head, conveying pipe, bubble generator, air storage tank, 24V electric water pump, water tank, etc. involved in the present invention are well-known and commonly used technologies.

[0016] A method for using a dust reduction device supporting a peanut pick-up and threshing machine includes the following steps: While the peanut pick-up and threshing machine is operating, the supporting dust reduction device also starts to operate. The air discharged from the exhaust port of the peanut pick-up and threshing machine enters the peanut pick-up and threshing machine and is divided into two parts. One part of the air enters the air chamber through the air intake of the air intake system, and after being filtered by the filter, it is sent to the fruit cleaning fan of the peanut pick-up and threshing machine through the air supply pipe for secondary utilization of wind energy; the other part of the air enters the decompression and dust reduction chamber through the upper port of the machine body system of the machine body, and after being sprayed by the bubble spray system, sprayed with water by the water spraying system and processed by the decompression and dust reduction system in sequence, it is discharged through the lower port system of the machine body.

[0017] The innovation points of the present invention: 1. The air inlet method of flat inlet and wide inlet. The exhaust port of the peanut pick-up and threshing machine is close to the upper port system of the supporting dust reduction device, but the decompression and dust reduction chamber of the supporting dust reduction device is the same width as the straw box of the peanut pick-up and threshing machine. The purpose is to try to make the air entering the decompression and dust reduction chamber have the largest release space and minimize the wind pressure; at the same time, a three-stage decompression and dust reduction system is adopted; 2. Optimize the spraying equipment. A bubble spray system is adopted under the upper port system of the machine body. The contact area of bubbles is larger than that of water droplets or water mist, so as to achieve the effect of water conservation; at the same time, it can better reduce dust and increase humidity, and a water spraying system is added to the decompression and dust reduction chamber to increase the space humidity at any time so as to achieve the effect of dust suppression; 3. The three-stage decompression and dust reduction system uses the folded filter air method to reduce the wind pressure, and uses folded filter air plates and arc-shaped resistance filter air plates to reduce the wind pressure. The returned air collides with the side wall of the decompression and dust reduction chamber to form a vortex, and the vortex swirls and collects the wet impurities in the space, playing a role of impurity collection; 4. Increase the humidity in the space of the supporting dust reduction device before operation to improve the dust reduction effect. <0 / / 000037>

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention: During the peanut picking and harvesting process, when used in supporting with the existing peanut pick-up and threshing machine, it not only reduces environmental pollution and ecological damage caused by a large amount of dust, broken stems and leaves, peanut residue film fragments and other sundries entrained due to excessive wind discharge during the picking process, but also diverts part of the air volume for peanut fruit cleaning, so as to achieve the effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and dust reduction; it is convenient to use and has a compact structure. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Mounting point; 3. Dustproof pad; 4. Upper body system; 5. Air intake system; 6. Bubble spray system; 7. Pressure reducing dust chamber; 8. Water spray system; 9. Lower body system; 10. Upper body opening; 11. Air intake; 12. Air chamber; 13. Fruit cleaning fan interface; 14. Air supply pipe; 15. Sewage discharge port; 16. Primary pressure reducing dust system; 17. Secondary pressure reducing dust system; 18. Tertiary pressure reducing dust system; 19. Bubble spray head; 20. Connecting pipe; 21. Conveying pipe; 22. Bubble generator; 23. 24V electric water pump; 24. Water tank; 25. Air storage tank; 26. Lower body opening; 27. High-pressure nozzle; 28. Atomizing nozzle; 29. ​​Folded air filter plate; 30. Arc-shaped air blocking plate; 31. Front wall; 32. Rear wall; 33. Side wall; 34. Lower edge; 35. Inner bottom of lower body opening; 36. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] A dust suppression device for a peanut picking machine includes a frame 1 and an upper inlet system 4, an air intake system 5, a pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber 7, and a lower inlet system 9 mounted on the frame 1. The air intake system 5 includes an air inlet 11, an air chamber 12, a filter 13, and an air supply pipe 15. The filter 13 is located below the air chamber 12, the air inlet 11 is located at the top of the air chamber 12, and the air supply pipe 15 is located at the bottom. The upper inlet system 4 includes an upper inlet 10 and the air inlet 11 of the air intake system 5. The pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber 7 is equipped with a bubble spray system 6, a water spray system 8, and a pressure-reducing dust suppression system. The top of the pressure-reducing dust suppression chamber 7 is connected to the upper inlet system 4, and the bottom is connected to... The lower inlet system 9 of the machine body is connected; the exhaust port of the peanut picking machine is connected to the upper inlet system 4 of the machine body. The exhaust port of the peanut picking machine is connected to the upper inlet 10 and the air intake 11 of the machine body respectively. The air intake 11 introduces part of the air discharged by the peanut picking machine into the air chamber 12. After being filtered by the filter 13 in the air chamber 12, it is sent to the fruit cleaning fan of the peanut picking machine through the air supply pipe 15 for secondary utilization of wind energy, which can reduce the power of the fruit cleaning fan and save energy and reduce consumption. The air entering the upper inlet 10 of the machine body is sprayed by the bubble spray system 6 and then enters the pressure reducing dust chamber 7. After being treated by the water spray system 8 and the pressure reducing dust system, it is discharged through the lower inlet system 9 of the machine body.

[0026] The bubble spray system 6 consists of bubble spray heads 20, connecting pipes 21, conveying pipes 22, bubble generators 23, air storage tanks 26, 24-volt electric water pumps 24, and water tanks 25. Multiple bubble spray heads 20 are mounted on the connecting pipes 21, which are arranged on the top and side walls of the pressure-reducing dust-suppressing chamber 7. The bubble spray heads 20 spray towards the interior of the pressure-reducing dust-suppressing chamber 7. The connecting pipes 21 are connected to the 24-volt electric water pumps 24 located at the bottom of the frame via the conveying pipes 22. The bubble generators 23, air storage tanks 26, and water tanks 25 together constitute a bubble generating device. Powered by the 24-volt electric water pumps 24, the mixture of compressed air and water is sprayed out through the bubble spray heads 20. The advantage of using the bubble spray system 6 is that bubbles have a larger contact area than water droplets or mist, thus achieving a water-saving effect.

[0027] The water spray system 8 consists of two high-pressure nozzles 28, four atomizing nozzles 29, a water spray pipe, a 24-volt electric water pump 24, and a water tank 25. The water spray system 8 shares the 24-volt electric water pump 24 and the water tank 25 with the bubble spray system. The water spray pipe is installed on the side wall of the pressure reducing dust chamber 7. The two high-pressure nozzles 28 and the four atomizing nozzles 29 are installed on the water spray pipe. The water spray pipe is connected to the 24-volt electric water pump 24 and the water tank 25.

[0028] The pressure reduction and dust suppression system is divided into three levels: a primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 17, a secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 18, and a tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 19, arranged from top to bottom. The primary, secondary, and tertiary systems 17 and 18 have identical structures, each consisting of a semi-enclosed vortex chamber formed by the side walls of the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber, a baffle plate 30, and an arc-shaped filter plate 31. The three levels of the primary, secondary, and tertiary systems 17 and 18... The baffle plate 30 and three arc-shaped filter plates 31 are arranged in an alternating pattern. Both the baffle plate 30 and the arc-shaped filter plates 31 are inclined downwards, forming three semi-enclosed vortex chambers. The primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 17, the secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 18 and the tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 19 each have one semi-enclosed vortex chamber. When the air enters the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber 7 from the upper opening 10 of the machine body, it forms a vortex through the baffle plate 30, the arc-shaped filter plates 31 and the walls of the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber, and then collides with the fresh air at the upper opening 10 of the machine body and moves downwards.

[0029] The filter plate 30 has multiple holes. The filter plate 30 is a 3mm thick porous steel plate with holes of 10mm in diameter. The filter plate 30 and the arc-shaped filter plate 31 are arranged in a staggered manner, each at a 30-degree angle to the horizontal plane. The filter plate 30 and the arc-shaped filter plate 31 are seamlessly welded to the front wall 32, rear wall 33 and side wall 34 of the pressure reducing dust chamber 7. There is a gap of 150-200mm between the filter plate 30 and the arc-shaped filter plate 31 to reduce the air pressure. At the same time, the filter plate 30 changes part of the airflow direction and filters dust and impurities in the air. The 30-degree angle welding of the filter plate 30 prevents wet dust and impurities from adhering to the filter plate 30.

[0030] The high-pressure nozzles 28 of the water spray system 8 are located at the top of the semi-enclosed vortex chamber of the primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 17; the atomizing nozzles 29 of the water spray system 8 are located at the top of the semi-enclosed vortex chambers of the secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 18 and the tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system 19, with two atomizing nozzles 29 in each of the semi-enclosed vortex chambers of the secondary and tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression systems 18 and 19. The main function of the primary, secondary, and tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression systems 17, 18, and 19 is to reduce wind pressure while simultaneously suppressing dust, allowing compliant air to be discharged from the lower outlet system of the machine body.

[0031] The lower body system 9 is provided with a lower body opening 27, which is the discharge port after dust suppression. Its lower edge 35 is higher than the inner bottom 36 of the lower body opening. Its function is to allow the discharged air to blow upwards and prevent secondary dust. As the dust and debris after dust suppression are heavier than before, they are discharged by the inertia of the peanut picking machine or manually cleaned.

[0032] A discharge port 16 is provided on the outer side of the end of the air chamber 12 to discharge the debris deposited in the air chamber 12.

[0033] The frame 1 is connected to the fruit picking machine via the dust suppression equipment installation point 2.

[0034] The frame 1 is equipped with a dustproof pad 3, which is made of rubber and is set around the upper inlet system of the machine body by rivets. The dustproof pad 3 is 5cm longer than the upper edge of the air inlet of the upper inlet system of the machine body. Its function is to ensure a tight connection between the upper inlet system of the machine body and the exhaust port of the peanut picking machine, and to play a sealing role.

[0035] A method for using a dust reduction device配套 to a peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine comprises the following steps: While the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine is operating, the supporting dust reduction device also starts to operate. The air discharged from the exhaust port of the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine enters the machine and is divided into two parts. One part of the air enters the air chamber 12 through the air intake port 11 of the air intake system 5, and after being filtered by the filter 13, it is sent to the fruit cleaning fan of the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine through the air supply pipe 15 for secondary utilization of wind energy; the other part of the air enters the decompression and dust reduction chamber 7 through the upper body opening 10 of the upper body system 4 of the machine, and after being sprayed by the bubble spraying system 6, sprayed with water by the water spraying system 8, and processed by the decompression and dust reduction system, it is discharged through the lower body system 9 of the machine.

[0036] In the embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

[0037] First, fix the supporting dust reduction device behind the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine through the machine frame 1 and the installation point 2. Connect the exhaust port of the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine to the upper body system 4 of the machine. The exhaust port of the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine is respectively connected to the upper body opening 10 and the air intake port 11. Closely connect the upper body system of the machine to the exhaust port of the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine to prevent dust leakage and environmental pollution caused by loose connection.

[0038] Before the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine operates, turn on the bubble spraying system 6 and the water spraying system 8 to spray into the supporting dust reduction device. After the water comes out from the lower body system of the machine, select to turn on or off the water spraying system 8 according to the dryness and humidity of the crop; if the crop is too dry, turn on the water spraying system 8, otherwise turn it off; if the operation time is too long, depending on the discharge situation of the lower body system of the machine, if too much dust and impurities are discharged, turn on the water spraying system 8 to clean the supporting dust reduction device, otherwise turn it off.

[0039] Start the operation. While the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine is operating, the supporting dust reduction device also starts to operate. There is residual wind discharged from the peanut picking machine, and the wind contains dust, leaf stems, residual film fragments, etc. One part of the wind is filtered by the filter 13 through the air intake port 11 and is reused by the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine; the other part of the wind is used for dust reduction operation by the bubble spraying system 6 at the upper body opening 10 of the machine, and at the same time, it is conveyed to the first-stage decompression and dust reduction system 17 of the decompression and dust reduction chamber 7 under the action of wind force, forms a vortex through the side wall of the decompression and dust reduction chamber 7, the folding filter air plate 30 and the arc-shaped filter air plate 31 to reduce the wind pressure, and then is sent to the second-stage decompression and dust reduction system 18 and the third-stage decompression and dust reduction system 19 for dust reduction and pressure reduction; the folding filter air plate 30 and the arc-shaped filter air plate 31 rely on the dust and impurities with relatively high water content to fall to the lower body opening 27 under the action of gravity and wind force, and are discharged from the device through the inertial movement of the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine. If it cannot be discharged, it needs to be manually cleaned up.

Claims

1. A dust reduction device for a peanut picking and threshing machine, characterized in that: The system includes a frame (1) and an upper inlet system (4), an air intake system (5), a pressure reducing dust chamber (7), and a lower inlet system (9) mounted on the frame (1). The air intake system (5) includes an air intake (11), an air chamber (12), a filter (13), and an air supply pipe (15). The filter (13) is located below the air chamber (12), the air intake (11) is located at the top of the air chamber (12), and the air supply pipe (15) is located at the bottom. The upper inlet system (4) includes an upper inlet (10) and the air intake (11) of the air intake system (5). The pressure reducing dust chamber (7) is equipped with a bubble spray system (6), a water spray system (8), and a pressure reducing dust system. The top of the pressure reducing dust chamber (7) is connected to the upper inlet system of the machine body. The exhaust port of the peanut picking machine is connected to the upper exhaust port system (4) and the bottom is connected to the lower exhaust port system (9) of the machine body. The exhaust port of the peanut picking machine is connected to the upper exhaust port (10) and the air intake port (11) of the machine body respectively. The air intake port (11) introduces part of the air discharged by the peanut picking machine into the air chamber (12). After being filtered by the filter (13) in the air chamber (12), it is sent to the fruit cleaning fan of the peanut picking machine through the air supply pipe (15) for secondary utilization of wind energy. The air entering the upper exhaust port (10) of the machine body is sprayed by the bubble spray system (6) and then enters the pressure reducing dust chamber (7). After being treated by the water spray system (8) and the pressure reducing dust system, it is discharged through the lower exhaust port system (9) of the machine body. The pressure reduction and dust suppression system is divided into three levels, namely, a primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (17), a secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (18), and a tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (19) arranged from top to bottom. The primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (17), the secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (18), and the tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (19) have the same structure, consisting of a semi-enclosed vortex chamber formed by the side wall of the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber, a baffle plate (30), and an arc-shaped filter plate (31). The three baffle plates of the primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (17), the secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (18), and the tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (19) form a semi-enclosed vortex chamber. The air filter plate (30) and three arc-shaped air blocking plates (31) are arranged in an alternating manner. The air filter plate (30) and the arc-shaped air blocking plates (31) are both inclined downwards, forming three semi-enclosed vortex chambers. The first-stage pressure reduction and dust suppression system (17), the second-stage pressure reduction and dust suppression system (18) and the third-stage pressure reduction and dust suppression system (19) each have one semi-enclosed vortex chamber. When the air enters the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber (7) from the upper opening (10) of the machine body, it forms a vortex through the air filter plate (30), the arc-shaped air blocking plates (31) and the walls of the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber, and then collides with the fresh air at the upper opening (10) of the machine body and moves downwards. The high-pressure nozzle (28) of the water spray system (8) is located at the top of the semi-enclosed vortex chamber of the primary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (17); the atomizing nozzle (29) of the water spray system (8) is located at the top of the semi-enclosed vortex chamber of the secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (18) and the tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (19), and each of the semi-enclosed vortex chambers of the secondary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (18) and the tertiary pressure reduction and dust suppression system (19) is provided with two atomizing nozzles (29).

2. The dust reduction device supporting the peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: The bubble spray system (6) consists of bubble spray heads (20), connecting pipes (21), conveying pipes (22), bubble generators (23), air storage tanks (26), 24-volt electric water pumps (24), and water tanks (25). Multiple bubble spray heads (20) are installed on the connecting pipes (21), which are arranged on the top and side walls of the pressure reducing dust chamber (7). The bubble spray heads (20) spray towards the interior of the pressure reducing dust chamber (7). The connecting pipes (21) are connected to the 24-volt electric water pumps (24) installed at the bottom of the frame through the conveying pipes (22). The bubble generators (23), air storage tanks (26), and water tanks (25) together constitute a bubble generating device. Power is provided by the 24-volt electric water pumps (24) to spray a mixture of compressed air and water through the bubble spray heads (20).

3. The dust reduction equipment supporting a peanut picking and fruit separating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water spray system (8) consists of two high-pressure nozzles (28), four atomizing nozzles (29), a water spray pipe, a 24-volt electric water pump (24), and a water tank (25). The water spray system (8) shares the 24-volt electric water pump (24) and the water tank (25) with the bubble spray system. The water spray pipe is installed on the side wall of the pressure reducing dust chamber (7). The two high-pressure nozzles (28) and the four atomizing nozzles (29) are installed on the water spray pipe. The water spray pipe is connected to the 24-volt electric water pump (24) and the water tank (25).

4. The dust reduction equipment supporting a peanut picking and fruit harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: The pleated air filter plate (30) has multiple holes and is a 3mm thick perforated steel plate. The pleated air filter plate (30) and the arc-shaped filter plate (31) are arranged in a staggered manner and are all at a 30-degree angle to the horizontal plane. The pleated air filter plate (30) and the arc-shaped filter plate (31) are seamlessly welded to the front wall (32), rear wall (33) and side wall (34) of the pressure reducing dust chamber (7). There is a gap of 150-200mm between the pleated air filter plate (30) and the arc-shaped filter plate (31).

5. A dust reduction device for supporting a peanut picking and fruit removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the end of the air chamber (12) is provided with a debris discharge port (16) for discharging debris deposited in the air chamber (12).

6. The dust reduction device supporting a peanut picking and fruit-picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is connected to the fruit picking machine through the dust removal equipment installation point (2); a dustproof pad (3) is set on the frame (1). The dustproof pad (3) is made of rubber and is set around the upper system of the machine body by rivets. The dustproof pad (3) is 5cm longer than the upper edge of the air inlet of the upper system of the machine body and plays a sealing role.

7. A method for using a dust reduction device配套降尘设备 used with a peanut picking and fruit removing machine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: While the peanut picking machine is operating, the supporting dust suppression equipment also starts to operate. The air discharged from the exhaust port of the peanut picking machine is divided into two parts after entering the peanut picking machine. One part of the air enters the air chamber (12) through the air intake port (11) of the air intake system (5), and after being filtered by the filter (13), it is sent to the peanut picking machine's fruit cleaning fan through the air supply pipe (15) for secondary utilization of wind energy. The other part of the air enters the pressure reduction and dust suppression chamber (7) through the upper opening (10) of the upper opening system (4), and is treated by the bubble spray system (6), the water spray system (8), and the pressure reduction and dust suppression system before being discharged through the lower opening system (9).

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