Non-stick materials and non-stick coatings

Abstract

The present application provides a non-stick material and a non-stick coating. The non-stick material includes, in terms of weight percentage, 40%≤silicon dioxide≤80%, 10%≤high melting point component≤40%, and 10%≤low melting point component≤30%, wherein the high melting point component includes at least one of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, the low melting point component includes at least one of iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide, and the sum of the weight percentages of the silicon dioxide, the high melting point component, and the low melting point component is not less than 85%. According to the non-stick material of the present application, a non-stick coating with good initial non-stickiness and long-lasting non-stickiness can be obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of non-stick technology for cookware, and more particularly, to a non-stick material and a non-stick coating for cookware. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the art, fluorine coating is a common non-stick coating. However, the non-stick coating manufactured using fluorine coating is easily damaged by a spatula and is easily aged or decomposed at high temperature during use. These problems have seriously affected the service life of the coating formed by fluorine coating.

[0003] Therefore, it is still a problem to be solved to develop a non-stick material for cookware that has both initial non-stickness and persistent non-stickness. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a non-stick material and a non-stick coating for cookware to solve the problem that the existing non-stick material cannot have both initial non-stickness and persistent non-stickness.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a non-stick material for cookware is provided, wherein the composition of the non-stick material includes, in terms of weight percentage, 40%≤silicon dioxide≤80%, 10%≤high-melting-point component≤40%, and 10%≤low-melting-point component≤30%, wherein the high-melting-point component includes at least one of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, the low-melting-point component includes at least one of iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide, and the sum of the weight percentages of the silicon dioxide, the high-melting-point component, and the low-melting-point component is not less than 85%.

[0006] In some embodiments, the high-melting-point component is aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, wherein the weight of the aluminum oxide accounts for 10%-50% of the total weight of the high-melting-point component, the weight of the magnesium oxide accounts for 20%-60% of the total weight of the high-melting-point component, the weight of the calcium oxide accounts for 10%-40% of the total weight of the high-melting-point component, and the sum of the weight percentages of the aluminum oxide, the magnesium oxide, and the calcium oxide is 100%.

[0007] In some embodiments, the low-melting-point component is iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide, the weight of the iron oxide accounts for 10%-30% of the total weight of the low-melting-point component, the weight of the ferrous oxide accounts for 10%-30% of the total weight of the low-melting-point component, the weight of the sodium oxide accounts for 10%-40% of the total weight of the low-melting-point component, the weight of the potassium oxide accounts for 10%-40% of the total weight of the low-melting-point component, and the sum of the weight percentages of the iron oxide, the ferrous oxide, the sodium oxide, and the potassium oxide is 100%.

[0008] In some embodiments, the composition of the non-stick material further comprises an impurity component, the impurity component comprising at least one of titanium dioxide, diphosphorus pentoxide, and manganese dioxide.

[0009] In some embodiments, the non-stick material is a material with an amorphous phase volume ratio in a range of 50%-65%.

[0010] In some embodiments, the non-stick material is a silicate material.

[0011] In some embodiments, the non-stick material has an average particle size of 20-100 μm.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present application, a non-stick coating is provided, wherein the non-stick coating is formed by thermal spraying of the non-stick material provided in the above embodiments, and the non-stick coating has a preset amorphous phase volume ratio.

[0013] In some embodiments, the preset amorphous phase volume ratio is 55%-70%.

[0014] In some embodiments, the non-stick coating at least comprises the following features: the surface energy of the non-stick coating is 10-40 dynes; and / or the porosity of the non-stick coating is 2.5%-8%; and / or the pore size of the non-stick coating is 0.05-2 μm; and / or the hardness of the non-stick coating is 200-400 HV; and / or the thickness of the non-stick coating is 20-100 μm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and / or other features and aspects of the present inventive concept will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 is an XRD spectrum of a non-stick material according to embodiments of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a cookware along a thickness direction according to embodiments of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at I in FIG. 1;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a non-stick coating and a sealing layer along a thickness direction according to embodiments of the present application.

[0020] SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

[0021] 100, non-stick cookware; 110, base body; 120, non-stick coating; 130, primer layer; 140, sealing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the field, fluorine coating is a common non-stick material. However, the non-stick coating made by using fluorine coating is easily damaged by the spatula and easily aged or decomposed at high temperature during use. These problems have seriously affected the service life of the coating formed by fluorine coating. In addition, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an indispensable raw material for synthetic fluorine coating, and as the control of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the industry gradually becomes more stringent, fluorine coating is bound to exit the stage of non-stick cookware.

[0023] At present, no material with lower surface energy than fluorine coating has been found, but the demand for non-stick in the cookware industry has always existed, and now there is hope to replace fluorine coating, which is ceramic coating. Ceramic coating is a liquid coating with silicone oil as the main non-stick ingredient. Although the initial non-stickiness of the coating formed by it can approach that of fluorine coating, the silicone oil will be continuously consumed and quickly lose its non-stick effect as high-temperature cooking proceeds, so the ceramic coating has poor long-lasting non-stickiness.

[0024] With the development of the non-stick industry, solid spraying materials mainly made of metal (for example, iron, stainless steel, low-carbon steel, high-carbon steel, cast iron, and copper, etc.) or ceramic (for example, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide, etc.) have appeared, which can form a non-stick coating, so-called "non-coating non-stick technology". Here, non-coating is only to indicate that it does not use organic coatings such as fluorine coating or ceramic coating. Although the coating formed by the above spraying materials is wear-resistant, the cookware with this coating only has cooking non-stick effect in the state of having oil, and its initial non-stickiness is poor, and usually needs to be modified by a material with good non-stickiness, such as polysiloxane and fluorinated material, to meet the initial non-stickiness required by the national standard. In addition, the non-stickiness of such materials decreases quickly after wear, and the residual polysiloxane has a negative effect on non-stickiness, which is worse than before modification.

[0025] In combination with the above, it can be seen that the existing non-stick materials are difficult to achieve both initial non-stickiness and long-lasting non-stickiness. Therefore, developing new non-stick materials with both initial non-stickiness and long-lasting non-stickiness plays an extremely important role in the field of cookware manufacturing.

[0026] According to a first aspect of the present application, a non-stick material for cookware is provided, wherein the non-stick material comprises 40%≤ silica ≤80%, 10%≤ high melting point component ≤40%, and 10%≤ low melting point component ≤30%, wherein the high melting point component comprises at least one of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, the low melting point component comprises at least one of iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide, and the sum of the weight percentages of the silica, the high melting point component, and the low melting point component is not less than 85%.

[0027] According to the present application, the content of the silica can be 40wt%-80wt%, optionally, 50wt%-70wt%, 60wt%-80wt%, 40wt%-80wt%, or 50wt%-65wt%, based on the total weight of the non-stick material being 100%. The content of the high melting point component can be 10wt%-40wt%, optionally, 10wt%-30wt%, 20wt%-40wt%, 20wt%-30wt%, or 25wt%-35wt%. The content of the low melting point component can be 10wt%-30wt%, optionally, 15wt%-30wt%, 10wt%-25wt%, 15wt%-25wt%, or 15wt%-20wt%. In an embodiment, the components of the non-stick material comprise, in weight percentages, 50%≤ silica ≤70%, 15%≤ high melting point component ≤35%, 15%≤ low melting point component ≤25%, and the balance being impurities.

[0028] According to the non-stick material of the present application, the silica, as the main component, is further included with the high melting point component and the low melting point component. The non-stick material includes the silica as the main component, and further includes the high melting point component and the low melting point component. When used on the cookware, the temperature of the second surface of the cookware is controlled, and the non-stick material is sprayed on the first surface of the cookware. When the temperature is at the melting temperature of the material with the highest melting point in the high melting point component, at this time, all the high melting point components are in a molten state. In the case of extremely cold, when the temperature decreases to the temperature of the material with the lowest melting point in the high melting point component, since the material with the highest melting point solidifies the fastest, it can prevent the formation of other crystals, so that the material develops in the direction of disorder, thereby making the non-stick coating of the non-stick material have a higher degree of amorphization, so as to ensure the long-lasting non-stick performance and initial non-stick property of the cookware with the non-stick coating.

[0029] In the non-stick material according to the present application, the silica serves as a skeleton, and the high-melting-point component can provide metal cations for forming an amorphous structure and has a relatively high melting point. In an exemplary embodiment, the high-melting-point component has a melting point higher than 2000°C. It has been verified that when only the high-melting-point component and the silica are selected, the coating stress is relatively large, and the coating is prone to collapse in a simulation test (after being heated to 400°C and then placed in cold water), and thus the non-stick material further needs a low-melting-point component to reduce the coating stress. In addition, the low-melting-point component can also provide metal cations for forming an amorphous structure and serve to bond and release the coating stress. Under the condition of a thermal spraying heat source, the low-melting-point component and other components are fully melted and intermingled to form an amorphous structure, and the low-melting-point component can serve to bond the main components, i.e., the silica and the high-melting-point component.

[0030] An amorphous structure is a disordered structure, and different organizational states are needed to form a disordered structure. Different melting-point material components can provide different organizational states, and more types of organizational states are more conducive to forming a higher degree of amorphization. In a preferred embodiment, the high-melting-point component includes aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide. When the high-melting-point component is aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, the weight percentage of aluminum oxide in the total weight of the high-melting-point component is 10%-50%, the weight percentage of magnesium oxide in the total weight of the high-melting-point component is 20%-60%, and the weight percentage of calcium oxide in the total weight of the high-melting-point component is 10%-40%, and the sum of the weight percentages of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide is 100%.

[0031] In addition, the more types of low-melting-point components, the more types of metal cations they can provide, which is conducive to improving the degree of amorphization of the material. In a preferred embodiment, the low-melting-point component is iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide. When the low-melting-point component is iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide, the weight percentage of iron oxide in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-30%, the weight percentage of ferrous oxide in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-30%, the weight percentage of sodium oxide in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-40%, and the weight percentage of potassium oxide in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-40%, and the sum of the weight percentages of iron oxide, ferrous oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide is 100%.

[0032] In these embodiments, when the high-melting-point component and the low-melting-point component in the non-stick material each include multiple components, during the spraying process, when the temperature is at the melting temperature of the material with the highest melting point among the high-melting-point components, at this time, all the high-melting-point components are in a molten state, and when the temperature is lowered to the temperature of the material with the lowest melting point among the high-melting-point components during the extremely cold treatment, since the material with the highest melting point solidifies the fastest, it can prevent the formation of crystals of other components, and make the material develop in the direction of disorder. It should be understood that when the high-melting-point component includes only one component, it can also prevent the formation of crystals of the low-melting-point component, and make the material develop in the direction of disorder.

[0033] According to the present application, the non-stick material also includes certain impurities. In embodiments, the impurity component includes at least one of titanium dioxide, diphosphorus pentoxide, and manganese dioxide. In exemplary embodiments, the content of the impurity component in the non-stick material is not more than 15% by weight.

[0034] According to the present application, the non-stick material is not a mixture formed by directly mixing the above-mentioned components, but a material with a structure similar to that of basalt.

[0035] In the non-stick material for cookware provided by the present application, the various main components included in the non-stick material can be "chelated" with each other, and the whole exists as a silicate material, i.e., the non-stick material is a silicate material formed by chelation of the various components. Specifically, it can be a silicate material with multiple metal cations, so that the non-stick material itself has a low surface energy, good scratch resistance, and wear resistance, which can ensure the non-stick performance of the non-stick material. For the source of non-stickness, for example, iron in the material belongs to a transition element, and iron ions are easy to form complexes with free fatty acids in edible oil, which can make the non-stick material have lipophilicity, thereby improving the lipophilic effect of the coating surface and further optimizing the non-stickness. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and the non-stick performance can be ensured by, for example, an amorphous structure. Specifically, the main component SiO2 of the non-stick material serves as the main component (equivalent to the skeleton) of the amorphous structure, can ensure the main structure (equivalent to the skeleton) of the amorphous structure, and both the high-melting-point component and the low-melting-point component can provide metal cations, multiple metal cations can occupy the original lattice positions of silicon dioxide, causing lattice distortion, and too large a difference in atomic size can even make the lattice distortion energy too high, so that the crystal lattice structure cannot be maintained, thereby causing the lattice to collapse to form an amorphous structure. The amorphous structure material can have a relatively low surface energy compared to the corresponding material with a crystal structure.

[0036] In preferred embodiments, the more types of metal cations in the non-stick material component, the greater the degree of crystal distortion, and the more conducive to forming a higher degree of amorphization.

[0037] Specifically, the sodium, magnesium, aluminum, potassium, calcium and iron and other elements in the non-stick material are non-toxic and harmless, and can meet the requirements of the use safety as the cookware material. In addition, these elements have active chemical properties and are easy to lose electrons to form metal cations, so as to easily form silicates with various structures. Aluminum is an amphoteric metal, which is often not combined with silicate as a metal cation in silicate, but partially replaces some silicon atoms in the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron to form an aluminum-oxygen octahedron with stronger electronegativity and more metal cations. As metal cations in the non-stick material, the atomic radii of any two metal cations in the non-stick material are much larger than 0.1 times the atomic radius of hydrogen, and the coexistence of multiple metal cations can make the lattice distortion more serious, and more easily form a material with high amorphous degree, thereby ensuring the non-stick property of the non-stick material itself.

[0038] In some embodiments, the silicate material can include NaAlSi3O8, which has a framework structure, some silicon atoms are replaced by aluminum atoms with larger radius, and the oxygen atoms are all inert oxygen. The formed aluminum silicate can better adsorb metal cations, and the distortion degree is large. In other embodiments, the silicate material can include Ca(Mg, Fe, Al, Ti) [(Si, Al)2O6], which has a chain structure, some silicon atoms are replaced by aluminum atoms with larger radius, and the types of metal cations constituting the material are multiple, and the distortion degree is large. In still other embodiments, the silicate material can include K(Mg, Fe)3AlSi3O 10 (OH), which has a layered structure, and there is a gap between the layered structures. The metal cations with large radius can increase the gap, thereby adsorbing oil and improving the non-stick effect, and the types of metal cations in the material are multiple, and the distortion degree is large (high amorphous phase).

[0039] In some embodiments, the color of the non-stick material is black, which is mainly presented by the iron oxide in the composition. The black non-stick material does not cause color change after spraying, so that a black non-stick coating can be formed. On the one hand, the black non-stick coating can weaken the contrast of the black discoloration, and improve the visual experience. On the other hand, according to the properties of the non-stick material, the brittleness of the coating formed by the non-stick material is greater than that of the coating formed by the metal material, which is easy to be polished during use, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the cookware during use.

[0040] In some embodiments, the non-stick material is in the form of particles, and the average particle size of the non-stick material is in the range of 20 μm to 100 μm. If the average particle size of the non-stick powder is greater than 100 μm, the surface of the final product is rough, which is not acceptable to consumers in terms of appearance; if the average particle size of the non-stick powder is less than 20 μm, the powder has poor flowability, and the flight speed is not enough during the spraying process, which is prone to over-melting, reducing the deposition efficiency and coating quality.

[0041] According to the present application, a method for manufacturing a non-stick material is provided. Specifically, the non-stick material according to the present application can be obtained from basalt rock.

[0042] Step S101, preparing basalt.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the basalt used herein can be a large natural basalt rock available on the market.

[0044] Step S102, primary crushing of the basalt. Specifically, a jaw crusher is used to break the original large basalt into small pieces with a diameter of 1 cm-5 cm.

[0045] Step S103, beneficiation and purification, the basalt after primary crushing is subjected to beneficiation and purification based on appearance characteristics to remove basalt containing visible impurities.

[0046] Step S104, rough grinding, the basalt after beneficiation and purification is ground using a Raymond mill to form a powder with a diameter of 0.1 mm-1 mm.

[0047] Step S105, re-impurity removal, the basalt powder is further purified by re-impurity removal to remove as much as possible other impurities such as soil in the basalt powder.

[0048] Step S106, fine grinding, the basalt powder after re-impurity removal is further processed by a medium-speed micro-powder mill to achieve micron-level, for example, 75 μm-150 μm. In this way, the initial non-stick particles with the aforementioned composition range can be obtained.

[0049] Step S107, crushing the initial non-stick particles to obtain the non-stick material according to the present application, wherein the particle size of the non-stick material is 20 μm to 100 μm, and the volume fraction of the amorphous phase of the non-stick material is 50%-55%.

[0050] In this application, the non-stick material obtained by the above method is a material with a certain amorphous phase volume ratio, typically in the range of 50%-55%. The non-stick particles can be pretreated to obtain a non-stick material with a higher amorphous phase volume ratio. Specifically, the steps for providing the non-stick particles include: providing initial non-stick particles; sintering the initial non-stick particles at 1300℃-1500℃ for 3-5 hours, and then cooling them at a preset cooling rate to obtain a non-stick material with a preset amorphous phase volume ratio. The preset cooling rate can be achieved by cooling the non-stick particles under cold air conditions; for example, the preset cooling rate can be 50℃ / s-100℃ / s. According to this application, the non-stick particles after certain pretreatment have a preset amorphous phase volume ratio, which can be in the range of 55%-65%. It can be understood that the non-stick material is a material with an amorphous phase volume ratio in the range of 55%-65%.

[0051] Figure 1 This is an XRD pattern of a non-stick material provided according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the characteristic peaks are not particularly obvious, and there are many disordered impurity peaks, indicating poor crystallinity. This suggests that the non-stick material has an amorphous structure. The amorphous phase volume percentage is calculated to be 55% using conventional full-spectrum fitting methods.

[0052] According to this application, a non-stick coating for cookware is provided, wherein the non-stick coating is formed using the non-stick material provided in the above embodiments, and wherein the non-stick coating has a preset amorphous phase volume ratio.

[0053] According to some embodiments of this application, the non-stick material can be a material with an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 50%-55%. According to other embodiments of this application, the non-stick material can be a material with an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 55%-65%. In general, the amorphous phase volume fraction of the non-stick material according to this application can be in the range of 50%-65%. The non-stick material itself has good non-stick properties due to its low surface energy. Compared with crystalline non-stick materials, non-stick materials with an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 50%-65% can obtain a non-stick coating with a relatively higher amorphous phase volume fraction, thereby further optimizing the long-lasting non-stick properties.

[0054] According to some embodiments of this application, the non-stick material itself possesses a certain degree of amorphousness. Spraying the non-stick material can retain this amorphousness and form a non-stick coating with a certain volume percentage of amorphous phase. In some embodiments, the volume percentage of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 50%-65%. This volume percentage of amorphous phase is obtained because the material itself possesses amorphous properties and is retained after spraying.

[0055] According to some embodiments of the present application, the non-stick material itself has a certain amorphousness, for example, can be 50%-65%, the non-stick material is sprayed and the spraying process is controlled (will be described in detail in the method of manufacturing the cookware) to form a non-stick coating with a relatively high volume fraction of amorphous phase. In some embodiments, the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 55%-70%. The volume fraction of amorphous phase here can be improved by 5%-20% compared to the previous embodiments. This is because the chemical composition, content and spraying process of the non-stick material of the present application are jointly determined, so that the amorphous structure can be formed in the spraying process, thereby enabling the non-stick coating to exhibit relatively excellent properties.

[0056] In the present specification, the "volume fraction of amorphous phase" is intended to represent the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating, and the coating exhibits a disordered structure due to the difference in orientation of the atoms contained therein, and this disordered characteristic can make the coating have a lower surface energy compared to the coating with ordered characteristics. For example, without considering other limiting factors, the greater the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating, the stronger the amorphous characteristics, the lower the surface energy of the non-stick coating, the better the non-stickness, and vice versa.

[0057] The surface energy of the existing fluorine coating non-stick coating is generally 18 dynes-25 dynes, and in some embodiments, the surface energy of the non-stick coating is 30 dynes to 40 dynes. The surface energy of the non-stick coating of the present application is very close to that of the fluorine coating, so it can be proved to have good initial non-stickness.

[0058] According to the present application, the non-stick coating has a predetermined pore structure. In some embodiments, the non-stick coating has a porosity in the range of 3% to 8%, and the pore size of the non-stick coating is 0.1 μm to 2 μm. In other embodiments, when a certain post-treatment is performed on the non-stick coating directly sprayed with the non-stick material, the obtained non-stick coating has a relatively lower porosity and pore size. The pore structure as above is suitable for filling silicone oil or grease, and the non-stick coating can better protect the silicone oil or grease in the pores, so that it is not easy to be lost, for example, it is not easy to be washed away or worn, thereby further improving the non-stickness on the basis of amorphousness to obtain a relatively better non-stickness than the fluorine coating.

[0059] In some embodiments, the hardness of the non-stick coating is 200 HV to 400 HV. With such hardness, the long-term non-stickness of the non-stick coating can be ensured.

[0060] In embodiments, the thickness of the non-stick coating is 20 μm to 100 μm.

[0061] According to a third aspect of the present application, a cooker is provided, in particular a non-stick cooker. The cooker comprises a base body and a non-stick coating layer formed on a surface of the base body, the non-stick coating layer is formed by thermal spraying of a non-stick material, and the non-stick coating layer has a preset volume ratio of amorphous phase, wherein the non-stick material comprises, in terms of weight percentage, 40%≤SiO2≤80%, 10%≤high-melting-point component≤40%, and 10%≤low-melting-point component≤30%, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of SiO2, the high-melting-point component, and the low-melting-point component is not less than 85%, the high-melting-point component comprises at least one of Al2O3, MgO, and CaO, and the low-melting-point component comprises at least one of FeO, Fe2O3, Na2O, and K2O.

[0062] According to the cooker of the present application, the non-stick material comprises SiO2 as a main component, and further comprises a high-melting-point component and a low-melting-point component. In this way, under a spraying condition, part of the components in the high-melting-point component are melted to prevent crystallization of other components except for the part, thereby developing in the direction of amorphization, and thus the non-stick coating layer formed has a higher degree of amorphization relative to the non-stick material, so as to ensure the long-lasting non-stick performance and initial non-stick property of the cooker having the non-stick coating layer.

[0063] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a cooker according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a cooker according to another embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at I in FIG. 2. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, a non-stick cooker 100 can comprise a base body 110 and a non-stick coating layer 120. Figure 2 Figure 3

[0064] In some embodiments, the base body can be made of a conventional metal material, and the non-stick material belongs to a type of ceramic material, and the bonding force between the metal base body and the non-stick material is relatively poor. In order to increase the bonding force between the non-stick coating layer and the base body, in some embodiments, the cooker further comprises a primer layer 130 made of a metal material, wherein the primer layer 130 is arranged between the base body 110 and the non-stick coating layer 120.

[0065] In exemplary embodiments, the primer layer can be prepared by thermal spraying or cold spraying of a metal material, and the primer layer material is selected from conventional metal materials, for example, at least one of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, iron alloy, zirconium, and zirconium alloy.

[0066] In exemplary embodiments, the thickness of the primer layer is in the range of 30 μm-60 μm.

[0067] ​​According to the present application, the outer surface of the non-stick coating can be used as the inner surface of the cookware, i.e. the non-stick coating directly serves as the top layer of the pot coating. The non-stick material with the specific chemical composition and content can form the non-stick coating by spraying. Due to the high melting point of the non-stick material, the accumulation of the non-stick material particles during the spraying process can cause the formed coating to have more pores. For example, the porosity of the formed non-stick coating can be 3% to 8%, and the pore size can be 0.1 μm to 2 μm. The structure of the pores as described above can be suitable for oil storage. Therefore, the cookware with the coating can form a uniform oil film as the sealing layer 140 during cooking to ensure corrosion resistance. In combination with the amorphous coating and the sealing layer 140 including grease or silicone oil, not only corrosion resistance can be ensured, but also good non-stick function can be further obtained without using fluorine coating or ceramic coating.

[0068] According to the present application, the sealing layer 140 seals the surface layer pores of the non-stick coating. In the exemplary embodiments, the sealing layer 140 includes grease or silicone oil, and the filled grease or silicone oil can be protected by the pores and is not easily damaged due to use, thereby further ensuring the sealing effect and improving corrosion resistance. In addition, the non-stick property can be further improved.

[0069] In some embodiments, one side (lower surface) of the non-stick coating is connected with the primer layer or the substrate, and the other side (upper surface) of the non-stick coating can directly serve as the inner surface of the cookware. In order to make the non-stick property of the cookware better. In other embodiments, one side (lower surface) of the non-stick coating is connected with the primer layer or the substrate, and the grease or silicone oil is filled into the surface layer pores of the non-stick coating from the other side (upper surface) of the non-stick coating to serve as part of the inner surface of the cookware. As shown in the figure, the inner surface of the cookware is formed in a structure in which the non-stick coating and the sealing layer are staggered. It can be understood that after the grease or silicone oil is filled into the surface layer pores of the non-stick coating 120 to form the sealing layer 140, the non-stick coating 120 and the sealing layer 140 are staggered to form the inner surface of the cookware. Among them, the non-stick coating 120 can be in a continuous state, and the sealing layer 140 is the general term of a plurality of sub-layers which are discontinuous. Figure 4

[0070] In some embodiments, the formed non-stick coating can have a thickness of 40 μm to 100 μm.

[0071] According to the second aspect of the present application, a method for manufacturing cookware is provided, wherein the method for manufacturing cookware comprises:

[0072] Step S101, providing a substrate, the substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;

[0073] Step S102, providing a non-stick material;

[0074] ​In step S103, the second surface of the base is cooled at a preset cooling rate, and a non-stick material is thermal sprayed on the first surface of the base to form a non-stick coating layer having a preset amorphous phase volume ratio, wherein the non-stick material includes, in terms of weight percentage, 40%≤SiO2≤80%, 10%≤high-melting-point component≤40%, and 10%≤low-melting-point component≤30%, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of SiO2, the high-melting-point component, and the low-melting-point component is not less than 85%, the high-melting-point component includes at least one of Al2O3, MgO, and CaO, and the low-melting-point component includes at least one of FeO, Fe2O3, Na2O, and K2O.

[0075] According to the non-stick material of the present application, SiO2 is included as a main component, and a high-melting-point component and a low-melting-point component are further included. The non-stick material includes SiO2 as a main component, and a high-melting-point component and a low-melting-point component are further included. In the spraying process, the temperature of the second surface of the cookware is controlled, and the non-stick material is sprayed on the first surface of the cookware at the spraying parameters of the high-melting-point material. When the temperature is at the melting temperature of the material having the highest melting point among the high-melting-point components, at this time, all the high-melting-point components are in a molten state. In the case of extremely low temperature, when the temperature decreases to the temperature of the material having the lowest melting point among the high-melting-point components, since the material having the highest melting point solidifies the fastest, it can prevent the formation of other crystals, so that the material develops in the direction of disorder, thereby making the non-stick coating layer have a higher degree of amorphization relative to the non-stick material, so as to be able to guarantee the long-lasting non-stick performance and initial non-stick property of the cookware having the non-stick coating layer.

[0076] In the following, the method for manufacturing the cookware according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0077] Providing a substrate

[0078] According to the present application, the base 110 can be made of a commonly used material. Exemplarily, the material can be stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, their corresponding alloys, and composite materials. The base 110 can have a shape corresponding to the function, and exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1, the base 110 can have a shape of a pot body. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1, when the non-stick cookware 100 is a non-stick pot, the base 110 can have a conventional pot body shape. It should be understood that, Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1, only the main body part of the non-stick pot is exemplarily shown without showing other parts, and the non-stick pot according to the present application can further include a handle (e.g., a pot handle) and other common cookware structures / components.

[0079] According to the present application, the base 110 can be subjected to certain pretreatment, such as grinding, sandblasting, pickling, and the like. The base 110 has a certain surface roughness, and in an exemplary embodiment, the surface roughness can have an Ra value in the range of 3 μm-5 μm.

[0080] Spraying a non-stick material to form a non-stick coating

[0081] According to the present application, the non-stick material can adopt the non-stick material described in the first aspect of the present application, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] According to the present application, the non-stick coating 120 with a preset volume fraction of amorphous phase can at least partially cover the inner surface of the base body 110, in other words, the non-stick coating 120 can cover part or all of the inner surface of the base body 110. The non-stick coating 120 can include a non-stick material formed by spraying provided by the embodiments of the present application, thereby having good non-stickiness, improved hardness, and wear resistance.

[0083] According to the present application, the non-stick material is an amorphous material. Due to the particularity of the composition / content of the non-stick material of the present application, the non-stick coating 120 with a preset volume fraction of amorphous phase can be formed by controlling the spraying process.

[0084] According to some embodiments of the present application, the non-stick material can be a material with an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 50%-55%. According to other embodiments of the present application, the non-stick material can be a material with an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 60%-65%. In general, the non-stick material according to the present application has an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 50%-65%.

[0085] According to some embodiments of the present application, the non-stick material powder can have a certain amorphousness, for example, 50%-65%. The non-stick material powder can retain the amorphousness therein to form a non-stick coating with a certain volume fraction of amorphous phase. In some embodiments, the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 50%-65%. The volume fraction of amorphous phase here is obtained by retaining the amorphousness of the material itself after spraying.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, the spraying adopts thermal spraying, specifically plasma spraying. The process parameters of plasma spraying can be: current 600A-700A; voltage 90V-100V; main gas (argon) flow rate 800L / h-1200L / h; hydrogen flow rate 80L / h-120L / h; powder feeding gas flow rate 400L / h-600L / h; powder feeding amount 50g / min-100g / min; spraying distance (distance between gun nozzle and workpiece) 10cm-15cm; spraying angle 45°-80°; workpiece temperature normal temperature; spraying time 30s~120s.

[0087] According to the present application, the spraying parameters are related to the content of silica in the non-stick material powder, when the content of silica is higher, the spraying power will be relatively larger, that is, the current, hydrogen flow needs to be increased, the main gas flow needs to be reduced, and the powder feeding amount also needs to be reduced, and vice versa. By performing thermal spraying on the non-stick material powder within the above process parameter range, a non-stick coating with a suitable thickness and both amorphous characteristics and pores can be formed on the surface of the substrate. For example, the formed non-stick coating can have a thickness of 40 μm-100 μm. For example, the porosity of the formed non-stick coating can be 3% to 8%, and the pore size is 0.1 μm to 2 μm. The non-stick coating has similar characteristics to those of the non-stick material, and thus can have good non-stickiness, improved hardness, and desired pore oil storage capacity. In other words, the amorphous non-stick coating according to the present application can retain various characteristics of the above-mentioned non-stick material, and can exhibit characteristics superior to the non-stick material due to spraying, such as, but not limited to, non-stickiness and hardness.

[0088] According to some other embodiments of the present application, the non-stick material powder itself has a certain amorphousness, for example, can be 50%-65%, and the non-stick material powder is controlled to form a non-stick coating with a relatively high volume fraction of amorphous phase. In some embodiments, the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 55%-70%. The volume fraction of amorphous phase here can be increased by 5%-20% compared to the previous embodiments. This is determined by the chemical composition / content of the non-stick material itself and the cooling speed of the coating during spraying, and thus the amorphous structure can be formed during spraying, so that the non-stick coating can exhibit relatively superior properties.

[0089] According to the present application, the control of the spraying process includes certain intervention in the process of forming the non-stick coating. Specifically, the spraying is plasma spraying, and the non-stick material can be heated to melting by the plasma heat source and attached to the surface of the substrate in a molten state, and then solidified under the cooling condition of a preset cooling rate to form the non-stick coating. For example, the substrate 110 includes a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other, and the step of forming the non-stick coating with a preset volume fraction of amorphous phase includes: cooling the second surface of the substrate, and spraying the non-stick material on the first surface of the substrate to form the non-stick coating with a preset volume fraction of amorphous phase on the first surface of the substrate. The step of cooling the second surface of the substrate includes applying cold gas to the second surface of the substrate, and controlling the temperature of the cold gas to be -15℃-5℃, so that when the non-stick material can be heated to melting by the plasma heat source and attached to the surface of the substrate in a molten state, it can be cooled at a cooling rate of about 300℃ / s-500℃ / s, thereby rapidly solidifying to form the non-stick coating with a preset volume fraction of amorphous phase on the first surface of the substrate. The non-stick coating thus formed has a relatively improved volume fraction of amorphous phase, and in an exemplary embodiment, the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 55%-70%, which can be increased by 10%-30%. This can enable the surface of the cookware in contact with food to have a low surface energy, thereby having better non-stick properties.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the step of applying cold includes placing the second surface of the substrate in an environment of cooling gas. The cold gas has a temperature of -15℃-5℃, and a flow rate of 2000L / h-4000L / h.

[0091] According to the present application, it can be understood that the first surface is an inner surface and the second surface is an outer surface. However, the present application does not limit this too much. Those skilled in the art can place the first surface as an outer surface and the second surface as an inner surface according to different use requirements, such as the non-stick requirements of the outer surface of the pot, under the teaching of the present application.

[0092] According to the present application, the method for manufacturing the cookware further comprises a post-treatment of the formed non-stick coating, wherein the post-treatment comprises a heat treatment of the non-stick coating so that the surface of the non-stick coating is melted, and a cooling of the melted non-stick coating at a cooling rate of 100-150 ℃ / s. By the post-treatment of the non-stick coating, the volume fraction of amorphous phase in the coating can be increased, and the porosity of the coating can be reduced. In some exemplary embodiments, the overall amorphous phase fraction in the non-stick coating can be increased to 65-70%, and the amorphous phase fraction in the surface of the non-stick coating of 0-5 μm can even reach 80%. In addition, the open pores on the surface of the non-stick coating can be closed to form closed pores, so that the obtained non-stick coating has a porosity mainly of closed pores and less open pores, and thus has excellent anti-rust function. In the present application, the open pore is a pore with one end closed and the other end open, or a pore with both ends communicating with each other. The closed pore is a pore with both ends closed, and the corrosion medium is not easy to enter.

[0093] According to the present application, the heat treatment is performed for 30-240 s, which is generally 1-2 times of the spraying time, so that the non-stick coating can be sufficiently heated. After the above heat treatment, the workpiece is cooled at a cooling rate of 100-150 ℃ / s, so that the substrate is cooled to room temperature, thereby obtaining the coating of the present embodiment. In combination with the above, the non-stick coating formed by thermal spraying of the non-stick material has a porosity of 3-8% and a pore size of 0.1-2 μm. By the heat treatment, the pore structure can be made more dense. In an exemplary embodiment, the surface layer has a porosity of 2.5-6% and a single pore size of 0.05-1 μm.

[0094] In some embodiments, the post-treatment of the non-stick coating is achieved by alternating sintering and cooling cycles, wherein the number of cycles can be multiple, for example, 2-3 times. Specifically, the non-stick coating is first heated from room temperature to 800-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-5 ℃ / min, and then held for 0.2-3 h; then heated to 1100-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2 ℃ / min, and held for 1-3 h. Finally, the melted non-stick coating is cooled at a cooling rate of 100-150 ℃ / s.

[0095] In some embodiments, the step of heat treating the non-stick coating includes locally melting the surface of the non-stick coating using a plasma jet, the plasma power is 3KW-10KW, the scanning speed is 2mm / s-5mm / s, the plasma jet spacing is 5mm-8mm, the ionized gas flow is 1L / min-3L / min, and after the heat treatment, the non-stick coating is cooled at a cooling speed of 100-150℃ / s, so as to obtain a non-stick coating with a preset surface layer porosity and amorphous phase volume ratio. For example, the surface layer porosity can be 1%-5%, and the single size of the surface layer porosity can be 0.1μm-0.5μm.

[0096] Forming a sealing layer

[0097] According to the present application, after forming the non-stick coating, a sealing layer can be further provided outside the non-stick coating to further improve the initial non-stick property. Specifically, the method for manufacturing the cookware further includes forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating, so as to seal the surface layer porosity of the non-stick coating, so as to ensure the corrosion resistance of the cookware with the coating.

[0098] In some embodiments, the step of forming the sealing layer on the non-stick coating includes coating silicon oil on the surface of the non-stick coating, allowing the silicon oil to penetrate into the surface layer porosity of the non-stick coating, and sintering at a first predetermined temperature for a first preset time, so as to form the sealing layer on the non-stick coating. In an exemplary embodiment, the silicon oil can be polydimethylsilicone oil, and after the coating, the cookware coated with the polydimethylsilicone oil can be placed in a sintering furnace for sintering and solidification, wherein the first preset temperature for solidification is 300℃-400℃, and the first preset time for solidification is 3-10min.

[0099] In some embodiments, the step of forming the sealing layer on the non-stick coating includes: soaking the non-stick coating in oil at a second predetermined temperature for a second preset time, so that the oil penetrates into the surface layer porosity of the non-stick coating, thereby forming the sealing layer on the non-stick coating. In an exemplary embodiment, the oil can include peanut oil or palm oil, and the peanut oil or palm oil is heated to be below the second preset temperature for the second preset time, so as to form the sealing layer on the non-stick coating, wherein the second predetermined temperature is 80℃-100℃, and the second preset time is 10-30min.

[0100] According to the present application, the non-stick coating layer covering the silicone oil or grease has hydrophobicity after the silicone oil or grease is applied to the non-stick coating layer, and the corrosion medium can be prevented from entering, so that the corrosion resistance of the pot can be improved. In addition, the non-stick property can be achieved due to the low surface energy and the oil storage principle of the pores. For example, before the silicone oil treatment, the non-stick coating layer can have a surface energy of 30 dynes to 40 dynes. Although this is different from the surface energy of the fluorine coating non-stick coating layer (18-25 dynes), after the non-stick coating layer is treated with silicone oil, the surface energy can be reduced to 10 dynes to 30 dynes, so that the non-stick property can be achieved, which is basically equivalent to or even better than the fluorine coating non-stick coating layer. Silicone oil is better than grease in optimizing the non-stick property.

[0101] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the embodiments.

[0102] Example 1

[0103] The pot according to the embodiment 1 is manufactured by the following method.

[0104] In step S10, a pot base is prepared. Specifically, the step of preparing the pot base includes deep drawing a stainless steel sheet, surface alkali washing and oil removal, drying, and sand blasting, so as to obtain a pot base with a thickness of 1.5 cm.

[0105] In step S20, a non-stick material with an average particle size of 250-350 mesh is prepared. The main components of the non-stick material include, in terms of weight percentage, 40% of silicon dioxide, 40% of aluminum oxide, 10% of iron oxide, and 10% of impurities (for example, at least one of titanium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, and manganese dioxide, and each main component is chelated with each other to form the non-stick material of the present application).

[0106] In step S30, the non-stick material is sprayed.

[0107] The outer surface of the pot base is placed in a circulating cooling air gas environment, wherein the temperature of the cooling gas is 0°C, the flow rate of the cooling gas is 1 m 3 / s, and the cooling speed is faster (temperature drop is 300°C / s). The non-stick material is loaded into a powder feeder, and the spraying parameters of the plasma spraying are set as follows: current is 650 A; voltage is 95 V; main gas (argon) flow rate is 1000 L / h; hydrogen flow rate is 100 L / h; powder feeding gas flow rate is 500 L / h; powder feeding amount is 80 g / min; spraying (distance between nozzle and workpiece) distance is 13 cm; spraying angle is 60°; and spraying time is 80 s. The non-stick material powder is formed on the inner surface of the pot base by plasma spraying, and a non-stick coating layer with a thickness of 65 μm is obtained, so as to complete the manufacturing of the pot of the embodiment 1.

[0108] Examples 2 to 45

[0109] Except for replacing the non-stick material of Example 1 with different non-stick materials (the composition of the non-stick material in each embodiment is shown in Table 1 below) in step S20, the pot of Example 2 to Example 45 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1.

[0110] Example 46

[0111] Except for adding the step of coating silicon oil on the non-stick coating and curing after step S30 (the curing time is 5 min and the curing temperature is 350°C), the pot of Example 46 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1.

[0112] Example 47

[0113] Except for adding the step of soaking the non-stick coating with palm oil after step S30 (the soaking time is 15 min and the soaking temperature is 100°C), the pot of Example 47 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1.

[0114] Example 48

[0115] Except for forming a primer layer with a thickness of 40 μm on the pot base by titanium alloy in advance before step S20, the pot of Example 48 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1.

[0116] Example 49

[0117] Except for sintering the non-stick material of Example 1 (the sintering temperature is 1400°C and the sintering time is 4 h) and then cooling at a cooling rate of 80°C / s in step S20, and replacing the non-stick material of Example 39 with the sintered material, the pot of Example 49 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1.

[0118] Example 50

[0119] Except for setting the temperature of the cooling gas to 0°C and the cooling gas flow rate to 1.5 m 3 / s (note that the cooling rate is 400°C / s) in step S30, the pot of Example 50 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1.

[0120] Example 51

[0121] Except for setting the temperature of the cooling gas to 0°C and the cooling gas flow rate to 1.8 m3 Example 51 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that the cooling rate was 500°C / s or less.

[0122] Example 52

[0123] Example 52 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that the non-stick coating was subjected to a post-treatment step after step S30 (the non-stick coating was first heated from room temperature to 9000C at a rate of 3°C / min, held for 1 h; then heated to 1300°C at a rate of 1°C / min, held for 2 h, and then cooled at a rate of 150°C / s).

[0124] Example 53

[0125] Example 53 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that the non-stick coating was subjected to a post-treatment step after step S30 (the surface of the non-stick coating was locally melted using a plasma jet, and then cooled at a rate of 200°C / s).

[0126] Comparative Example 1

[0127] Comparative Example 1 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 (the material used in this example was a mixture of 30 wt% silica, 40 wt% alumina and 30 wt% iron oxide).

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] Comparative Example 2 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 (the material used in this example was a mixture of 30 wt% silica, 40 wt% alumina and 20 wt% iron oxide).

[0130] Comparative Example 3

[0131] Comparative Example 3 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 (the material used in this example was a mixture of 40 wt% silica, 30 wt% alumina and 30 wt% iron oxide).

[0132] Comparative Example 4

[0133] A pan of Comparative Example 4 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 in step S20 (the material of this example was a mixture of 50 wt% of silica, 40 wt% of alumina and 10 wt% of iron oxide).

[0134] Comparative Example 5

[0135] A pan of Comparative Example 5 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 in step S20 (the material of this example was a mixture of 50 wt% of silica, 30 wt% of alumina and 20 wt% of iron oxide).

[0136] Comparative Example 6

[0137] A pan of Comparative Example 6 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 in step S20 (the material of this example was a mixture of 50 wt% of silica, 20 wt% of alumina and 30 wt% of iron oxide).

[0138] Comparative Example 7

[0139] A pan of Comparative Example 7 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 in step S20 (the material of this example was a mixture of 60 wt% of silica, 30 wt% of alumina and 10 wt% of iron oxide).

[0140] Comparative Example 8

[0141] A pan of Comparative Example 8 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 in step S20 (the material of this example was a mixture of 60 wt% of silica, 20 wt% of alumina and 20 wt% of iron oxide).

[0142] Comparative Example 9

[0143] A pan of Comparative Example 9 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that a different material was used in place of the non-stick material of Example 1 in step S20 (the material of this example was a mixture of 60 wt% of silica, 10 wt% of alumina and 30 wt% of iron oxide).

[0144] Test methods and evaluation criteria, test results

[0145] The amorphous degree of the non-stick materials in Examples 1 to 45, Example 49 and the materials in Comparative Examples 1 to 9 described above was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0146] I. Test method and evaluation criteria

[0147] 1. Amorphous degree test method

[0148] Amorphous degree test method: XRD test was used and conventional full spectrum fitting method was used for analysis and calculation to obtain the amorphous degree of the sample. The steps of the conventional full spectrum fitting method are as follows: first, find a crystal phase with the same chemical structure as the amorphous phase, assume that the amorphous phase is a small crystal grain of this crystal phase, and this crystal phase can be used to establish a model of the peak position and intensity of the amorphous phase; second, fit the spectrum of pure amorphous phase first to determine the grain size and microstrain; finally, fix the grain size and microstrain, and include this phase in the traditional Rietveld quantitative calculation, that is, the volume fraction of the amorphous phase (i.e. the amorphous degree) of the corresponding material can be obtained.

[0149] II. Test results

[0150] Table 1: Test results table

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] As can be seen from Table 1, the non-stick material of the present application is a non-stick material with a certain volume fraction of amorphous phase. From the composition of the non-stick material, when the content of silicon dioxide is 40%-60% in the non-stick material, the more the content of other oxides (i.e. iron oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide), the more the large diameter metal cations, the more serious the lattice distortion, and the higher the amorphous degree. When the content of silicon dioxide is 60%-80%, the content of silicon dioxide is high, which dilutes the amorphous content in the material, so the amorphous fraction decreases. Within this range, the higher the content of silicon dioxide, the lower the volume fraction of amorphous phase. Pure metal oxides are usually crystalline materials and have almost no amorphous degree.

[0154] The performance of the coating of the pots obtained in Examples 1-53 and Comparative Examples 1-9 described above was tested, and the results are recorded in Table 2 below. The specific performance test methods are as follows:

[0155] I. Test method and evaluation criteria

[0156] 1. Amorphous degree test method

[0157] Amorphous degree test method: XRD test is used and conventional full spectrum fitting method is used for analysis and calculation to obtain the amorphous degree of the sample. The steps of the conventional full spectrum fitting method are as follows: first, find a crystal phase with the same chemical structure as the amorphous phase, and assume that the amorphous phase is a small crystal grain of this crystal phase, which can be used to establish the model of the peak position and intensity of the amorphous phase; second, fit the spectrum of pure amorphous phase to determine the grain size and micro strain; finally, fix the grain size and micro strain, and include this phase in the traditional Rietveld quantitative calculation, so as to obtain the volume fraction of the corresponding coating amorphous phase (i.e. amorphous degree).

[0158] 2. Initial non-stick test method

[0159] Initial non-stick test method: egg frying non-stick test method in GB / T32095.2-2015, which is an initial non-stick test method, divided into I, II and III levels, I level is the best non-stick, and III level is the worst non-stick.

[0160] 3. Persistent non-stick test method

[0161] Persistent non-stick test method: persistent non-stick test method in GB / T32388-2015, unit is times, the higher the number of times, the longer the service life, 500 times to evaluate the non-stick result, and record the number of times until level III is used.

[0162] 4. Hardness test and evaluation standard

[0163] Vickers hardness test method is used to test the Vickers hardness of the coating of the pot, wherein the hardness value unit is HV. The larger the measured hardness value, the harder the sample, the stronger the non-stick coating's ability to resist iron shovel and food grinding, and the longer the service life of the non-stick coating. Generally, the hardness of the non-stick coating is expected to be not less than 200 HV.

[0164] 5. Surface energy test and evaluation standard

[0165] Under the temperature condition of 20°C, the contact angle of water and ethylene glycol on the surface of the sample is measured respectively by using SINDIN SDC-200SH contact angle measuring instrument according to the goniometry method, and the surface energy of the sample is calculated by using OWRK method. Here, the coating corresponding to the examples and comparative examples.

[0166] For surface energy test, the measured surface energy value of the sample is expected to be not more than 100 dynes.

[0167] II. Test results

[0168] Table 2. Test results

[0169]

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] As can be seen from Table 2, the non-stick coating obtained by the present application has excellent initial non-stickiness and durable non-stickiness. By sealing treatment of the coating formed by thermal spraying process, a lower surface energy than fluorine coating can be obtained, ensuring the initial non-stickiness. By controlling the spraying process (i.e. placing the outer surface of the pot in a cooling gas environment in the process of plasma spraying), the amorphization degree of the non-stick coating can be improved to a certain extent, so that the surface energy is relatively low, thereby ensuring good durable non-stickiness. By a certain post-treatment of the formed coating, the non-stickiness of the coating can be further ensured due to the high amorphization degree.

[0173] While the application has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Embodiments should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the application is not to be limited by specific embodiments. Rather, the scope of the application is to be defined solely by the claims.

Claims

1. A non-stick material for cookware, characterized in that, The non-stick material is a silicate material, and the composition includes, in percentage by weight: 40%≤SiO2≤80%, 10%≤high-melting-point component≤40%, and 10%≤low-melting-point component≤30%, wherein the high-melting-point component includes at least one of Al2O3, MgO, and CaO, the low-melting-point component includes at least one of FeO, Fe2O3, Na2O, and K2O, and the sum of the percentages by weight of SiO2, the high-melting-point component, and the low-melting-point component is not less than 85%.

2. The non-stick material of claim 1, wherein, The high-melting-point component is Al2O3, MgO, and CaO, wherein the weight percentage of Al2O3 in the total weight of the high-melting-point component is 10%-50%, the weight percentage of MgO in the total weight of the high-melting-point component is 20%-60%, the weight percentage of CaO in the total weight of the high-melting-point component is 10%-40%, and the sum of the weight percentages of Al2O3, MgO, and CaO is 100%.

3. The non-stick material of claim 1, wherein, The low-melting-point component is FeO, Fe2O3, Na2O, and K2O, wherein the weight percentage of FeO in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-30%, the weight percentage of Fe2O3 in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-30%, the weight percentage of Na2O in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-40%, the weight percentage of K2O in the total weight of the low-melting-point component is 10%-40%, and the sum of the weight percentages of FeO, Fe2O3, Na2O, and K2O is 100%.

4. The non-stick material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The composition of the non-stick material further includes: an impurity component including at least one of TiO2, P2O5, and MnO.

5. The non-stick material of claim 1, wherein, The non-stick material is a material with an amorphous phase volume ratio in the range of 50%-65%.

6. The non-stick material of claim 1, wherein, The silicate material has a framework structure or a chain structure.

7. The non-stick material of claim 1, wherein, The average particle size of the non-stick material is 20 μm to 100 μm; or the color of the non-stick material is black.

8. A non-stick coating characterized in that, The non-stick coating is formed by thermal spraying of the non-stick material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and has a preset amorphous phase volume ratio.

9. The non-stick coating according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preset amorphous phase volume ratio is 55%-70%.

10. The non-stick coating according to claim 8, characterized in that, The non-stick coating at least includes one of the following characteristics: The surface energy of the non-stick coating is 10 dynes to 40 dynes; The porosity of the non-stick coating is 2.5% to 8%; The pore size of the non-stick coating is 0.05 μm to 2 μm; The hardness of the non-stick coating is 200 HV to 400 HV; The thickness of the non-stick coating is 20 μm to 100 μm.

Images