Multi-coil multi-operating mode magneto-rheological damper based on flow pattern

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-coil multi-working mode magneto-rheological damper based on flow mode, including cylinder, piston assembly and magneto-rheological device, piston assembly includes piston rod and is arranged in the sliding piston of piston rod, sliding piston is slidably fitted in cylinder, magneto-rheological device includes the body of magnetic rheological valve, at least one magnetic rheological valve left body is arranged in the left side of the body of magnetic rheological valve, at least one magnetic rheological valve right body is arranged in the right side of the body of magnetic rheological valve, and electromagnetic coil is arranged on the magneto-rheological device;Cylinder forms damping passage one and damping passage two in the left side and right side of sliding piston, and damping passage three is arranged in the magneto-rheological device.Through the cooperation of the different energization mode of multistage electromagnetic coil, different magneto-rheological effects are generated to achieve the damping effect under various working conditions, and the working application range of the magneto-rheological valve is greatly improved by changing whether the multistage electromagnetic coil is energized to meet various needs, while the processing and manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of vibration suppression, and in particular to a multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow modes. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetorheological technology is widely used in the field of vibration suppression and has a good vibration reduction effect, showing broad application prospects.

[0003] For conventional single-cylinder magnetorheological dampers, the magnetorheological valve is usually a single-stage or double-stage coil, and the damping force output is bidirectional and symmetrical. For some special applications, such as automotive suspension dampers, magnetorheological dampers are also set to asymmetrical output. However, these magnetorheological valve settings still cannot meet the needs of some special applications, such as scenarios where the output damping force is uncertain during the stretching and compression strokes. For example, symmetrical damping force, stretching damping force greater than compression damping force, or compression damping force greater than stretching damping force are required at different times. Although this can be achieved through sensors and control algorithms, it will undoubtedly increase the cost and system complexity, which is not conducive to the promotion of magnetorheological technology.

[0004] The inventors have filed several Chinese invention patents, including Chinese invention patent CN110778636A (published by CN110778636A), which discloses a bidirectional independent controllable magnetorheological damper; Chinese invention patent CN110925349A (published by CN110925349A), which discloses a self-sensing split-type dual-cylinder magnetorheological damper; and Chinese invention patent CN110822009A (published by CN110822009A), which disclose a split-type dual-cylinder magnetorheological damper. These three invention patents have two electromagnetic coils, and their damping force is large during tension and small during compression. The tension and compression can be adjusted independently, but they cannot achieve damping force output in different working states with a single structure. For example, they cannot achieve symmetrical output, large compression force and small tension force. Their application scenarios are narrow and their settings are relatively rigid.

[0005] Therefore, in response to the above-mentioned technical problems, how to more conveniently increase the control range of the output damping force of the magnetorheological valve, effectively solve the limitations of the application of traditional magnetorheological valves, and facilitate the application and promotion of magnetorheological technology in the field of vibration reduction are the technical problems that urgently need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological damper based on flow mode. By passing corresponding currents through the coils on different pistons, the magnetorheological damper can be in different operating modes, thereby increasing the control range of the output damping force of the magnetorheological valve, effectively solving the limitation of the application of traditional magnetorheological valves, and promoting the application and promotion of magnetorheological technology in the field of vibration reduction.

[0007] The present invention provides a multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow modes includes:

[0009] Cylinder block;

[0010] A piston assembly, the piston assembly including a piston rod and a sliding piston disposed on the piston rod, the sliding piston being drivably and slidingly disposed in a cylinder body;

[0011] A magnetorheological device includes a magnetorheological valve body. At least one magnetorheological valve left body is provided on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body, and at least one magnetorheological valve right body is provided on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body. Electromagnetic coils are correspondingly provided on the magnetorheological valve body, the magnetorheological valve left body, and the magnetorheological valve right body. By passing a corresponding current through different electromagnetic coils, the damping force output can be changed.

[0012] The cylinder body forms a damping channel one and a damping channel two for the flow of magnetorheological fluid on the left and right sides of the sliding piston, respectively, and the magnetorheological device is provided with a damping channel three for the flow of magnetorheological fluid.

[0013] The magnetorheological device has an intermediate channel that is connected to the damping channel. The intermediate channels on the left and right bodies of the magnetorheological valve are equipped with one-way valves.

[0014] When the magnetorheological fluid flows from right to left, the one-way valve of the left body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the left body of the magnetorheological valve.

[0015] When the magnetorheological fluid flows from left to right, the one-way valve of the right body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the right body of the magnetorheological valve.

[0016] The magnetorheological device is disposed inside the sliding piston. The sliding piston includes a piston sleeve, a piston left end cap disposed on the left side of the piston sleeve, and a piston right end cap disposed on the right side of the piston sleeve. The magnetorheological device is disposed between the piston left end cap, the piston sleeve, and the piston right end cap. The magnetorheological device, the piston left end cap, the piston sleeve, and the piston right end cap, as well as the adjacent magnetorheological valve body, and the magnetorheological valve left body and the magnetorheological valve right body form a damping channel three.

[0017] Optionally, the one-way valve includes a ball and an elastic element. The intermediate channel is a tapered through-hole. The ball is disposed in the tapered through-hole by the elastic element. The elastic element is used to apply a preload force to the ball in the direction of the smaller end of the tapered through-hole, which can drive the ball to close the smaller end of the tapered through-hole. When the sliding piston is stretched and compressed, the ball is placed in different positions of the tapered through-hole under the action of hydraulic pressure and spring preload, thereby opening or closing the intermediate channel.

[0018] Optionally, a floating piston is slidably fitted inside the cylinder and on the side away from the piston rod. The left side of the floating piston is a second damping channel, and an air chamber is formed between the right side of the floating piston and the cylinder. A vent is provided on the cylinder that communicates with the air chamber.

[0019] Optionally, damping channels are provided on the left and right end caps of the piston.

[0020] Optionally, the magnetorheological valve body is symmetrically distributed with a left magnetorheological valve body and a right magnetorheological valve body along the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil of the magnetorheological valve body. The left magnetorheological valve body and the right magnetorheological valve body are respectively provided with multiple tapered through holes symmetrically along their own circumference.

[0021] Optionally, the cylinder body includes an outer cylinder barrel, a left end cover of the shock absorber disposed on the left side of the outer cylinder barrel, and a right end cover of the shock absorber disposed on the right side of the outer cylinder barrel. A right lifting lug is provided on the right side of the right end cover of the shock absorber, and a left lifting lug is provided on the piston rod.

[0022] Optionally, the cylinder body includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder coaxially disposed outside the inner cylinder. The sliding piston and the floating piston are both slidably disposed in the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are connected to form an air chamber.

[0023] Optionally, an elastic baffle is provided between the right body of the magnetorheological valve and the right end cap of the piston.

[0024] A multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow modes includes:

[0025] Cylinder block;

[0026] A piston assembly, the piston assembly including a piston rod and a sliding piston disposed on the piston rod, the sliding piston being drivably and slidingly disposed in a cylinder body;

[0027] A magnetorheological device includes a magnetorheological valve body. At least one magnetorheological valve left body is provided on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body, and at least one magnetorheological valve right body is provided on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body. Electromagnetic coils are correspondingly provided on the magnetorheological valve body, the magnetorheological valve left body, and the magnetorheological valve right body. By passing a corresponding current through different electromagnetic coils, the damping force output can be changed.

[0028] The cylinder body forms a damping channel one and a damping channel two for the flow of magnetorheological fluid on the left and right sides of the sliding piston, respectively, and the magnetorheological device is provided with a damping channel three for the flow of magnetorheological fluid.

[0029] The magnetorheological device has an intermediate channel that is connected to the damping channel. The intermediate channels on the left and right bodies of the magnetorheological valve are equipped with one-way valves.

[0030] When the magnetorheological fluid flows from right to left, the one-way valve of the left body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the left body of the magnetorheological valve.

[0031] When the magnetorheological fluid flows from left to right, the one-way valve of the right body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the right body of the magnetorheological valve.

[0032] A floating piston is slidably fitted inside the cylinder and on the side away from the piston rod. The left side of the floating piston is a second damping channel, and an air chamber is formed between the right side of the floating piston and the cylinder. A vent is provided on the cylinder that communicates with the air chamber.

[0033] It also includes a magnetorheological valve body, with its two sides respectively connected to the outer side of the cylinder body via a first guide pipe and a second guide pipe. The magnetorheological device is located inside the magnetorheological valve body. There is a damping channel three between the magnetorheological valve body and the magnetorheological device, as well as between the adjacent magnetorheological valve bodies, the left magnetorheological valve body, and the right magnetorheological valve body. The damping channel three on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body is connected to the damping channel one via a first guide pipe, and the damping channel three on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body is connected to the damping channel two via a second guide pipe.

[0034] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] 1. Without using sensors and control algorithms, different magnetorheological effects are generated by coordinating different energizing methods of multi-stage electromagnetic coils to achieve vibration reduction under various working conditions. By changing whether each stage of electromagnetic coil is energized to meet various needs, the working range of the magnetorheological valve is greatly improved, while reducing processing and manufacturing costs. This effectively solves the problems of increased cost and system complexity, and is conducive to the promotion of magnetorheological technology.

[0036] 2. By changing the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid through a one-way valve and cooperating with different energizing methods of multi-stage electromagnetic coils, different magnetorheological effects are generated to achieve vibration reduction under various working conditions, which greatly improves the working range of the magnetorheological valve and reduces the processing and manufacturing cost. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the single-cylinder magnetorheological vibration damper of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the left piston body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the piston body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the piston right body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the flow path during compression of the magnetorheological device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention during stretching; Figure 7 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is stretched after the coils of the left piston body and the middle piston body of Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 8 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is compressed after the coils of the left piston body and the middle piston body of Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 9 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is stretched after the coils of the piston body and the right piston body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 10 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is compressed after the coils of the piston body and the right piston body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 11 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is stretched after the coils of the left and right piston bodies of the piston in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 12 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is compressed after the coils of the left and right piston bodies of the piston in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 13 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is compressed after only the piston body is energized in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 14 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is stretched after only the piston body is energized in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 15This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is compressed after all three parts of the piston body (left, middle, and right) of the piston body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 16 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the magnetorheological piston is stretched after all three parts of the piston body (left, middle, and right) of Embodiment 1 of the present invention are energized. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dual-cylinder magnetorheological vibration damper of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the left piston body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the piston body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the piston right body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the double telescopic rod magnetorheological vibration damper of Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 22 This is the flow path of the piston rod of the magnetorheological device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention during stretching; Figure 23 This is the flow path of the piston rod during compression in the magnetorheological device of Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 24 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is stretched after the coils of the left valve body and the middle valve body of Embodiment 3 of the present invention are energized. Figure 25 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is compressed after the coils of the left valve body and the middle valve body of Embodiment 3 of the present invention are energized. Figure 26 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the valve body and the right valve body coil are energized in Embodiment 3 of the present invention and the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is stretched. Figure 27 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the valve body and the right valve body coil are energized in Embodiment 3 of the present invention and the magnetorheological piston rod is compressed. Figure 28 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is stretched after the coils of the left valve body and the right valve body of Embodiment 3 of the present invention are energized. Figure 29 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is compressed after the coils of the left valve body and the right valve body of Embodiment 3 of the present invention are energized. Figure 30 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is stretched after the valve body is energized in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 31 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is compressed after only the valve body is energized in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 32 This is the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the magnetorheological piston is stretched after all three valve bodies (left, middle, and right) are energized in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 33 This refers to the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid when the piston rod of the damper is compressed after all three valve bodies (left, middle, and right) are energized in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Left lifting lug; 2. Piston rod; 3. Guide copper ring; 4. Sealing ring one; 5. Left end cap of the shock absorber; 6. Outer cylinder; 7. Sealing plug; 8. Left end cap of the piston; 9. Piston sleeve; 10. Electromagnetic coil; 11. Left piston body; 12. Middle piston body; 13. Helical spring; 14. Ball bearing; 15. Right piston body; 16. Elastic baffle; 17. Right end cap of the piston; 18. Magnetorheological fluid; 19. Floating piston; 20. Nitrogen gas; 21. Right end cap of the shock absorber; 22. Vent; 23. Right... 24. Lifting lug; 25. Sliding piston; 26. Interface; 27. Flow guide pipe connector; 28. Flow guide pipe; 29. ​​External right end cap; 30. Valve right end cap; 31. Screw; 32. Valve middle body; 33. Valve left body; 34. Valve left end cap; 35. External cylinder; 36. Hole elastic retaining ring; 37. Sealing ring two; 38. Seal; 39. Inner cylinder; 40. Damping channel one; 41. Damping channel two; 42. Damping channel three; 43. Damping channel four; 44. Gas chamber; 45. Magnetorheological device. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-33 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0040] This invention discloses a multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow patterns.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Reference Figures 1-6A multi-coil, multi-mode magnetorheological damper based on flow patterns includes a cylinder, a piston assembly, and a magnetorheological device 45. The piston assembly includes a piston rod 2 and a sliding piston 24 disposed on the piston rod 2. The sliding piston 24 is slidably disposed within the cylinder. The magnetorheological device 45 includes a magnetorheological valve body 32. At least one magnetorheological valve left body 33 is disposed on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body 32, and at least one magnetorheological valve right body 31 is disposed on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body 32. Electromagnetic coils 10 are correspondingly disposed on the magnetorheological valve body 32, the magnetorheological valve left body 33, and the magnetorheological valve right body 31. By passing a corresponding current through different electromagnetic coils 10, the damping force output is changed. The cylinder forms a damping channel 40 and a damping channel 41 for the flow of magnetorheological fluid 18 on the left and right sides of the sliding piston 24, respectively. A damping channel 42 for the flow of magnetorheological fluid 18 is disposed within the magnetorheological device 45. Without using sensors and control algorithms, different magnetorheological effects are generated by coordinating different energizing methods of multi-stage electromagnetic coils 10 to achieve vibration reduction under various working conditions. By changing whether each stage of electromagnetic coil 10 is energized to meet various requirements, the working applicability of the magnetorheological valve is greatly improved, while reducing processing and manufacturing costs. This effectively solves the problems of increased cost and system complexity, and is conducive to the promotion of magnetorheological technology.

[0043] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological device 45 is disposed inside the sliding piston 24. The sliding piston 24 includes a piston sleeve 9, a piston left end cap 8 disposed on the left side of the piston sleeve 9, and a piston right end cap 17 disposed on the right side of the piston sleeve 9. The piston left end cap 8 and the piston right end cap 17 are provided with damping channels 43.

[0044] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological device 45 is a magnetorheological piston. Specifically, the left body 33 of the magnetorheological valve is the left piston body 11, the middle body 32 of the magnetorheological valve is the middle piston body 12, and the right body 31 of the magnetorheological valve is the right piston body 15. The left piston body 11, located on the far left, is disposed on the right side of the left piston end cap 8, and the right piston body 15, located on the far right, is disposed on the left side of the right piston end cap 17. The middle piston body 12 is disposed between the left piston body 11 and the right piston body 15.

[0045] A damping channel 342 is formed between the magnetorheological piston and the left end cap 8, the piston sleeve 9, and the right end cap 17, as well as between adjacent magnetorheological pistons.

[0046] In this embodiment, at least one left piston body 11 and at least one right piston body 15 are provided. Preferably, the number of left piston bodies 11 and right piston bodies 15 are the same. In this embodiment, one left piston body 11 and one right piston body 15 are each provided. The axial lengths of the piston middle body 12, piston left body 11, and piston right body 15 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, preferably, the axial lengths of the piston middle body 12, piston left body 11, and piston right body 15 are the same, and the piston left body 11 and piston right body 15 are symmetrically arranged along the middle of the electromagnetic coil 10 of the piston middle body 12.

[0047] Specifically, a circumferential channel is formed between the magnetorheological piston and the piston sleeve 9. In particular, a circumferential channel is formed between the piston body 12, the piston left body 11, and the piston right body 15 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 6.

[0048] In this embodiment, the piston body 12, the left piston body 11, and the right piston body 15 are provided with coil slots along their outer contours. These slots are used to hold wires. In this embodiment, a through hole is provided in the middle of the piston rod 2. Wires are introduced into the piston rod 2 through this through hole and wound around the corresponding coil slot of the magnetorheological piston to form an electromagnetic coil 10. Each electromagnetic coil 10 corresponding to the magnetorheological piston can be individually energized, de-energized, and subjected to independent current magnitudes. In other words, the electromagnetic coils 10 on the piston body 12, the left piston body 11, and the right piston body 15 can be energized and de-energized independently without affecting each other, and their current magnitudes can also be set independently. By energizing the corresponding electromagnetic coils 10 on the three magnetorheological pistons and applying the corresponding current, the magnetorheological damper operates in different modes, changing the damping force output to generate different magnetorheological effects and achieve vibration reduction under various working conditions. By changing whether the electromagnetic coils 10 at each stage are energized to meet various requirements, the applicable range of the magnetorheological valve is greatly improved, while reducing manufacturing costs.

[0049] In this embodiment, a sealing plug 7 is provided on the right side of the piston rod 2. Specifically, the sealing plug 7 is a rubber plug, which can effectively improve the sealing performance of the piston rod 2 and effectively prevent the magnetorheological fluid 18 from leaking from the through hole of the piston rod 2.

[0050] In this embodiment, a sealing component is provided on the outer contour of the piston sleeve 9 to fill the gap between the piston sleeve 9 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 6, effectively preventing the magnetorheological fluid 18 from flowing between the outer contour of the piston sleeve 9 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 6.

[0051] In this embodiment, the cylinder body includes an outer cylinder 6, a left end cap 5 of a shock absorber located on the left side of the outer cylinder 6, and a right end cap 21 of a shock absorber located on the right side of the outer cylinder 6. A right lifting lug 23 is provided on the right side of the right end cap 21, and a left lifting lug 1 is provided on the piston rod 2. The left end cap 5 of the shock absorber is connected to the outer cylinder 6 by threads, the right end cap 21 of the shock absorber is connected to the outer cylinder 6 by welding, the left lifting lug 1 is connected to the piston rod 2 by threads, and the right lifting lug 23 is connected to the right end cap 21 of the shock absorber by welding.

[0052] A through hole is provided in the middle of the left end cover 5 of the shock absorber for the piston rod 2 to slide axially. A guide ring and a sealing ring 4 are provided on the side wall of the through hole. In this embodiment, the guide ring is a guide copper ring 3, which is used to guide the sliding of the piston rod 2. The sealing ring 4 is used to improve the sealing between the piston rod 2 and the left end cover 5 of the shock absorber.

[0053] The piston rod 2 is connected to the piston left end cover 8 by threads, and the piston rod 2 is provided with a shoulder, which is used to position the axial position of the piston rod 2 by cooperating with the piston left end cover 8.

[0054] In the magnetorheological valve, the body 32 is symmetrically distributed with a left magnetorheological valve body 33 and a right magnetorheological valve body 31 along the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 10. The left magnetorheological valve body 33 and the right magnetorheological valve body 31 are respectively symmetrically provided with multiple tapered through holes along their own circumference.

[0055] To axially position the sliding piston 24 as a whole, in this embodiment, limiting parts for axial positioning of adjacent components are provided between the piston end cap and the magnetorheological piston, and between two adjacent magnetorheological pistons. In this embodiment, the limiting parts are in the form of bosses and grooves. Specifically, a groove arranged circumferentially is provided on the right side of the piston left end cap 8, and a boss is provided on the left side of the piston left body 11. The two cooperate to achieve radial positioning of the piston left body 11; a circumferentially arranged groove is provided on the right side of the piston left body 11, and a boss is provided on the left side of the piston middle body 12. The two cooperate to achieve radial positioning of the piston middle body 12; a circumferentially arranged boss is provided on the right side of the piston middle body 12, and a groove is provided on the left side of the piston right body 15. The two cooperate to achieve radial positioning of the piston right body 15; both ends of the piston sleeve 9 extend radially towards the axis to form limiting flanges, which limit the piston left end cap 8 and piston right end cap 17 axially.

[0056] An elastic baffle 16 is provided between the right body 31 of the magnetorheological valve and the right end cap 17 of the piston. In this embodiment, the elastic baffle 16 is a rubber baffle. The rubber baffle has a certain degree of elasticity. The piston sleeve 9, through the limiting flange, makes the left end cap 8 of the piston, the right end cap 17 of the piston, the magnetorheological piston, and the elastic baffle 16 press tightly together, thereby realizing the axial positioning of the sliding piston 24 as a whole.

[0057] A floating piston 19 is slidably fitted inside the cylinder, on the side furthest from the piston rod 2. A damping channel 41 is located on the left side of the floating piston 19, and an air chamber 44 is formed between the right side of the floating piston 19 and the cylinder. A vent 22 communicating with the air chamber 44 is provided on the cylinder. In this embodiment, the air chamber 44 is filled with nitrogen 20. A vent 22 is provided on the right end cover 21 of the shock absorber, through which air is supplied to the inside of the shock absorber. The floating piston 19 is used for gas compensation of the entire shock absorber through the vent 22. In this embodiment, an air supply valve is provided at the vent 22. To improve sealing, a sealing rubber ring is provided between the floating piston 19 and the outer cylinder 6.

[0058] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological device 45 has an intermediate channel that communicates with the damping channel 3 42, and the intermediate channels on the left body 33 and the right body 31 of the magnetorheological valve are both equipped with one-way valves.

[0059] When the magnetorheological fluid 18 flows from right to left, the one-way valve of the left body 33 of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the left body 33 of the magnetorheological valve.

[0060] When the magnetorheological fluid 18 flows from left to right, the one-way valve of the right body 31 of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the right body 31 of the magnetorheological valve.

[0061] The one-way valve includes a ball 14 and an elastic element. The middle channel is a tapered through hole. The ball 14 is set in the tapered through hole through the elastic element. The elastic element is used to apply a preload force to the ball 14 in the direction of the small end of the tapered through hole, which can drive the ball 14 to close the small end of the tapered through hole. When the sliding piston 24 is stretched and compressed, under the action of hydraulic pressure and spring preload force, the ball 14 is placed in different positions of the tapered through hole, thereby opening or closing the middle flow channel of the valve body.

[0062] This invention utilizes the corresponding electromagnetic coils 10 on three magnetorheological pistons and applies corresponding currents to them, thereby enabling the magnetorheological damper to operate in different modes and altering the damping force output. This generates different magnetorheological effects, achieving vibration reduction under various operating conditions. By changing whether the electromagnetic coils 10 are energized at each stage, various requirements are met, significantly improving the applicable range of the magnetorheological valve while reducing manufacturing costs. Applying corresponding currents to different coils to operate the magnetorheological damper in different modes is shown below:

[0063] Mode 1: When the electromagnetic coil 10 of the left piston body 11 and the middle piston body 12 is energized, under the same current input, the damping force during the stretching stroke is small and the damping force during the compression stroke is large.

[0064] Reference Figure 7 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body through the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the piston left body 11. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 that enters the piston body through the middle channel is not within the magnetic field range of the piston left body 11, so it does not generate magneto-damping force.

[0065] Reference Figure 8 During the compression stroke, since the one-way valve of the left piston body 11 is closed, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the piston body can only flow out through the circumferential channel. Therefore, all the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the piston body flows through the magnetic field range of the electromagnetic coil 10 on the left piston body 11 and the middle piston body, and outputs a large damping force outward.

[0066] Mode 2: When the electromagnetic coil 10 of the piston body 12 and the piston right body 15 is energized, under the same current input, the damping force is large during the stretching stroke and small during the compression stroke.

[0067] Reference Figure 9 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body through the middle channel and the circumferential channel. Since the one-way valve of the right piston body 15 is closed, the magnetorheological fluid 18 that enters the piston body can only flow out through the circumferential channel. Therefore, all the magnetorheological fluid 18 that enters the piston body flows through the magnetic field range of the coil on the middle piston body 12 and the right piston body, and outputs a large damping force outward.

[0068] Reference Figure 10 During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body through the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the piston right body 15. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 that enters the piston body through the middle channel is not within the magnetic field range of the piston right body 15, so it does not generate magneto-damping force.

[0069] Mode 3: When the electromagnetic coil 10 of the left piston body 11 and the right piston body 15 is energized, under the same current input, the damper outputs an equal damping force during the stretching and compression strokes.

[0070] Reference Figure 11 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body through the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the piston left body 11. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 that enters the piston body through the middle channel is not within the magnetic field range of the piston left body 11, so it does not generate magneto-damping force.

[0071] Reference Figure 12 During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body through the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the piston right body 15. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 that enters the piston body through the middle channel is not within the magnetic field range of the piston right body 15, so it does not generate magneto-damping force.

[0072] Mode 4: Only the electromagnetic coil 10 of the piston body 12 is energized.

[0073] Reference Figure 13 , Figure 14 The piston body 12 generates a large damping force, and under the same current input, it outputs a symmetrical damping force during the stretching and compression strokes.

[0074] Mode 5: All electromagnetic coils 10 of the left piston body 11, the middle piston body 12, and the right piston body 15 are energized.

[0075] Reference Figure 15 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body from the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the left piston body 11.

[0076] Reference Figure 16 During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the piston body from the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the piston right body 15.

[0077] During the stretching and compression strokes, under the same current input, the output damping force is symmetrical.

[0078] Among them, Mode 3, Mode 4 and Mode 5 all output damping forces of the same magnitude during the stretching and compression strokes. Mode 4 outputs the smallest damping force, while Mode 5 outputs the largest damping force.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] Reference Figures 17-20 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cylinder body is a double cylinder composed of an inner cylinder 39 and an outer cylinder 6.

[0081] The cylinder body includes an inner cylinder 39 and an outer cylinder 6 coaxially disposed outside the inner cylinder 39. The sliding piston 24 and the floating piston 19 are both slidably disposed in the inner cylinder 39. The outer cylinder 6 and the inner cylinder 39 are connected to form an air chamber 44.

[0082] The left end cover 5 of the shock absorber is connected and fixed to the outer cylinder 6 through a hole by an elastic retaining ring 36. A sealing element 38 is provided between the inner cylinder 39 and the left end cover 5 of the shock absorber. The floating piston 19 is located at the inner cylinder 39. The right end cover 21 of the shock absorber is welded to the outer cylinder 6 and the right lifting ring.

[0083] The right end cover 21 of the shock absorber has a partial through groove and an air inlet. The valve core of the air inlet can be an L-shaped interface 25.

[0084] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological damper adopts a dual-cylinder design. The gas inside the magnetorheological damper can flow between the inner cylinder 39 and the outer cylinder 6, as well as inside the inner cylinder 39, thereby greatly reducing the overall axial dimension of the damper and improving the structural compactness and adaptability of the magnetorheological damper to different scenarios.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] Reference Figure 21 , reference Figure 22 , reference Figure 23 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the magnetorheological device 45 is externally placed in the cylinder.

[0087] In this embodiment, a magnetorheological valve body is also included. The two sides of the magnetorheological valve body are respectively disposed on the outside of the cylinder body through guide pipe 27-1 and guide pipe 27-2. The magnetorheological device 45 is disposed in the magnetorheological valve body. There is a damping channel 3 42 between the magnetorheological valve body and the magnetorheological device 45, as well as between two adjacent magnetorheological devices 45. The damping channel 3 42 on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body flows through the guide pipe 27-1 and the damping channel 1 40. The damping channel 3 42 on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body flows through the guide pipe 27-2 and the damping channel 2 41.

[0088] The magnetorheological device 45 is a magnetorheological valve body, including a valve body 32, a left valve body 33 located to the left of the valve body 32, and a right valve body 31 located to the right of the valve body 32. At least one left valve body 33 and at least one right valve body 31 are provided. An electromagnetic coil 10 is correspondingly provided on the magnetorheological device 45. By passing a corresponding current through the electromagnetic coil 10 on different valve bodies, the damping force output is changed.

[0089] In this embodiment, one valve left body 33 and one valve right body 31 are each provided. The axial lengths of the valve middle body 32, valve left body 33 and valve right body 31 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, preferably, the axial lengths of the valve middle body 32, valve left body 33 and valve right body 31 are the same, and the valve left body 33 and valve right body 31 are symmetrically arranged along the middle of the electromagnetic coil 10 of the valve middle body 32.

[0090] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological valve body includes an external cylinder 35 and an external right end cap 28, which are connected by threads. Both the external cylinder 35 and the external right end cap 28 are threaded to mate with the flow guide pipe connector 26.

[0091] In this embodiment, a left valve end cap 34 is provided on the left side of the left valve body 33, and a right valve end cap 29 is provided on the right side of the right valve body 31. A groove is provided on the external cylinder 35, and a protrusion is provided on the left valve end cap 34 for radial positioning. A circumferentially arranged groove is provided on the right side of the left valve end cap 34, which cooperates with a protrusion arranged on the left side of the left valve body 33 to achieve radial positioning of the left valve body 33. A circumferentially arranged groove is provided on the right side of the left valve body 33, which cooperates with a protrusion on the left side of the middle valve body 32 to achieve radial positioning of the middle valve body 32. A circumferentially arranged protrusion is provided on the right side of the middle valve body 32, which cooperates with a groove on the left side of the right valve body 31 to achieve radial positioning of the right valve body 31. The valve left end cover 34 is provided with a groove, and screws 30 are installed here; the valve left body 33, middle body, right body and valve right end cover 29 are all provided with threaded holes; the valve left end cover 34, left body, middle body, right body and valve right end cover 29 are connected by screws 30, thereby realizing the axial fixation of the valve as a whole.

[0092] A protrusion is provided on the right side of the valve right end cover 29 to ensure the gap between the valve right end cover 29 and the external right end cover 28 during the screwing process of the external right end cover 28 and the external cylinder 35.

[0093] To further improve the overall axial positioning of the sliding piston 24, in this embodiment, a fixing member is provided on the sliding piston 24. The fixing member is used to axially fix the magnetorheological piston. The fixing member fixes the magnetorheological piston between the left end cap 8 and the right end cap 17 of the piston. Specifically, the fixing member is a screw 30. The left end cap 8 of the piston is provided with a groove, and the screw 30 is installed here. The left body 11, the middle body 12, the right body 15, and the right end cap 17 of the piston are all provided with threaded holes. The left end cap 8, the left body 11, the middle body 12, the right body 15, and the right end cap 17 of the piston are connected by the screw 30, thereby realizing the overall axial positioning of the sliding piston 24.

[0094] The left end cover 5 of the shock absorber is connected to the outer cylinder 6 via threads; the right end cover 21 of the shock absorber is connected to the outer cylinder 6 via welding; the left lifting lug 1 is connected to the piston rod 2 via threads; an air inlet is provided on the right end cover 21 of the shock absorber, through which air is injected into the shock absorber; the right lifting lug 23 is connected to the right end cover 21 of the shock absorber via welding; the piston rod 2 is connected to the piston via threads, and a shoulder is provided on the piston rod 2, which is accurately connected by mating with the left end face of the piston; two through holes are provided on the cylinder wall, and an interface 25 is welded on them; a threaded hole is provided in the interface 25 for connecting to the guide pipe connector 26; a step is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder to restrict the movement of the floating piston 19 and avoid affecting the flow of the magnetorheological fluid 18 at the interface 25. Guide pipe connectors 26 are provided on both sides of the guide pipe 27 to allow the magnetorheological fluid 18 to flow in the outer cylinder 6 and the external valve chamber;

[0095] A tapered through hole is provided in the middle of the left valve body 33, and a ball bearing 14 is provided in the through hole. It works with a helical spring 13 to function as a one-way valve. A tapered through hole is provided in the middle of the right valve body 31, and a ball bearing 14 is provided in the through hole. It works with a helical spring 13 to function as a one-way valve.

[0096] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological valve body is externally mounted via a bypass, which facilitates heat dissipation of the valve body, allows for easy introduction of wires into the valve body, and greatly simplifies the maintenance and replacement process of the valve body.

[0097] The magnetorheological valve body consists of three parts: a three-stage electromagnetic coil 10 structure. By passing corresponding currents through the electromagnetic coils 10 on the three magnetorheological valve bodies, the valve body can be in different working modes.

[0098] One-way valves located in the middle of the left valve body 33 and the right valve body 31 change the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid 18 inside the valve body, thereby achieving different damping force outputs.

[0099] By applying corresponding currents to different coils, the magnetorheological damper can be placed in different operating modes, as shown below:

[0100] Mode 1: When the electromagnetic coil 10 of the valve left body 33 and the valve middle body 32 is energized, under the same current input, the damping force of the stretching stroke is small and the damping force of the compression stroke is large.

[0101] Reference Figure 24 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle flow channel and the circumferential channel of the valve left body 33. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 through the middle flow channel is not within the magnetic field range of the valve left body 33, so no magneto-damping force is generated.

[0102] Reference Figure 25 During the compression stroke, since the one-way valve of the left valve body 33 is in the closed state, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 can only flow out from the circumferential channel. Therefore, all the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 flows through the magnetic field range of the coil on the left valve body 33 and the middle body, and outputs a large damping force outward.

[0103] Mode 2: When the electromagnetic coil 10 of valve body 32 and valve right body 31 is energized, under the same current input, the damping force of the stretching stroke is large and the damping force of the compression stroke is small.

[0104] Reference Figure 26 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle flow channel and the circumferential channel of the valve. Since the one-way valve of the right body 31 of the valve is in the closed state, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 can only flow out from the circumferential channel. Therefore, all the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 flows through the magnetic field range of the coil on the middle body 32 and the right body of the valve, and outputs a large damping force outward.

[0105] Reference Figure 27 During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle flow channel and the circumferential channel of the right valve body 31. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 through the middle flow channel is not within the magnetic field range of the right valve body 31, so it does not generate magneto-damping force.

[0106] Mode 3: When the electromagnetic coils 10 of the left valve body 33 and the right valve body 31 are energized, under the same current input, the damper outputs an equal damping force during the stretching and compression strokes.

[0107] Reference Figure 28 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle flow channel and the circumferential channel of the valve left body 33. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 through the middle flow channel is not within the magnetic field range of the valve left body 33, so no magneto-damping force is generated.

[0108] Reference Figure 29 During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle flow channel and the circumferential channel of the right valve body 31. However, the magnetorheological fluid 18 entering the magnetorheological device 45 through the middle flow channel is not within the magnetic field range of the right valve body 31, so it does not generate magneto-damping force.

[0109] Mode 4: Only the solenoid coil 10 of the valve body 32 is energized.

[0110] Reference Figure 30 , Figure 31 The valve body 32 generates a large damping force, and under the same current input, it outputs a symmetrical damping force during the stretching and compression strokes.

[0111] Mode 5: All electromagnetic coils 10 of the left valve body 33, the middle valve body 32, and the right valve body 31 are energized.

[0112] Reference Figure 32 During the stretching stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the valve left body 33.

[0113] Reference Figure 33 During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid 18 enters the magnetorheological device 45 from the middle channel and the circumferential channel of the valve body 31.

[0114] During the stretching and compression strokes, under the same current input, the output damping force is symmetrical.

[0115] Among them, Mode 3, Mode 4 and Mode 5 all output damping forces of the same magnitude during the stretching and compression strokes. Mode 4 outputs the smallest damping force, while Mode 5 outputs the largest damping force.

[0116] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow modes, characterized in that: include: Cylinder block; A piston assembly, the piston assembly including a piston rod and a sliding piston disposed on the piston rod, the sliding piston being slidably disposed in a cylinder body; A magnetorheological device includes a magnetorheological valve body. At least one magnetorheological valve left body is provided on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body, and at least one magnetorheological valve right body is provided on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body. Electromagnetic coils are correspondingly provided on the magnetorheological valve body, the magnetorheological valve left body, and the magnetorheological valve right body. By passing a corresponding current through different electromagnetic coils, the damping force output can be changed. The cylinder body forms a damping channel one and a damping channel two for the flow of magnetorheological fluid on the left and right sides of the sliding piston, respectively, and the magnetorheological device is provided with a damping channel three for the flow of magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological device has an intermediate channel that is connected to the damping channel. The intermediate channels on the left and right bodies of the magnetorheological valve are equipped with one-way valves. When the magnetorheological fluid flows from right to left, the one-way valve of the left body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the left body of the magnetorheological valve. When the magnetorheological fluid flows from left to right, the one-way valve of the right body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the right body of the magnetorheological valve. The magnetorheological device is disposed inside the sliding piston. The sliding piston includes a piston sleeve, a piston left end cap disposed on the left side of the piston sleeve, and a piston right end cap disposed on the right side of the piston sleeve. The magnetorheological device is disposed between the piston left end cap, the piston sleeve, and the piston right end cap. The magnetorheological device, the piston left end cap, the piston sleeve, and the piston right end cap, as well as the adjacent magnetorheological valve body, and the magnetorheological valve left body and the magnetorheological valve right body form a damping channel three.

2. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve includes a ball and an elastic element. The intermediate channel is a tapered through hole. The ball is disposed in the tapered through hole by the elastic element. The elastic element is used to apply a preload force to the ball in the direction of the smaller end of the tapered through hole, which can drive the ball to close the smaller end of the tapered through hole. When the sliding piston is stretched and compressed, the ball is placed in different positions of the tapered through hole under the action of hydraulic pressure and spring preload, thereby opening or closing the intermediate channel.

3. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: A floating piston is slidably fitted inside the cylinder and on the side away from the piston rod. The left side of the floating piston is a second damping channel, and an air chamber is formed between the right side of the floating piston and the cylinder. A vent is provided on the cylinder that communicates with the air chamber.

4. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to claim 3, characterized in that: Damping channels are provided on the left and right end caps of the piston.

5. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetorheological valve body is symmetrically distributed with a left magnetorheological valve body and a right magnetorheological valve body along the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil of the magnetorheological valve body. The left magnetorheological valve body and the right magnetorheological valve body are respectively provided with multiple tapered through holes symmetrically arranged along their own circumference.

6. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body includes an outer cylinder, a left end cover of a shock absorber located on the left side of the outer cylinder, and a right end cover of a shock absorber located on the right side of the outer cylinder. A right lifting lug is provided on the right side of the right end cover of the shock absorber, and a left lifting lug is provided on the piston rod.

7. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder coaxially disposed outside the inner cylinder. The sliding piston and the floating piston are both slidably disposed in the inner cylinder. The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are connected to form an air chamber.

8. The multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow mode according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: An elastic baffle is provided between the right body of the magnetorheological valve and the right end cap of the piston.

9. A multi-coil, multi-operating-mode magnetorheological vibration damper based on flow modes, characterized in that: include: Cylinder block; A piston assembly, the piston assembly including a piston rod and a sliding piston disposed on the piston rod, the sliding piston being slidably disposed in a cylinder body; A magnetorheological device includes a magnetorheological valve body. At least one magnetorheological valve left body is provided on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body, and at least one magnetorheological valve right body is provided on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body. Electromagnetic coils are correspondingly provided on the magnetorheological valve body, the magnetorheological valve left body, and the magnetorheological valve right body. By passing a corresponding current through different electromagnetic coils, the damping force output can be changed. The cylinder body forms a damping channel one and a damping channel two for the flow of magnetorheological fluid on the left and right sides of the sliding piston, respectively, and the magnetorheological device is provided with a damping channel three for the flow of magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological device has an intermediate channel that is connected to the damping channel. The intermediate channels on the left and right bodies of the magnetorheological valve are equipped with one-way valves. When the magnetorheological fluid flows from right to left, the one-way valve of the left body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the left body of the magnetorheological valve. When the magnetorheological fluid flows from left to right, the one-way valve of the right body of the magnetorheological valve is driven to close the middle channel of the right body of the magnetorheological valve. It also includes a magnetorheological valve body, with its two sides respectively connected to the outside of the cylinder body via a first guide pipe and a second guide pipe. The magnetorheological device is located inside the magnetorheological valve body. There is a damping channel three between the magnetorheological valve body and the magnetorheological device, as well as between the adjacent magnetorheological valve bodies, the left magnetorheological valve body, and the right magnetorheological valve body. The damping channel three on the left side of the magnetorheological valve body flows through the first guide pipe and the damping channel three on the right side of the magnetorheological valve body flows through the second guide pipe and the damping channel two.

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