Method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target

Abstract

The application discloses a method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target material, and particularly relates to a machining method for a high-purity rotating target material with a length greater than 3 meters and a purity greater than 99.99%. Two reference parts are first machined by a lathe based on the inner diameter, and then the reference parts are installed on a straightening device as a rotating shaft. The difference between the inner diameters of the reference parts and the part to be straightened is measured to obtain the bending data of the tube target. The straightening is performed by a pushing mechanism, and the straightening is performed based on the inner diameter throughout the process. The inner diameter does not need to be bored, the generation of waste is reduced, the cost is reduced, the straightening process is simplified, the straightening time is shortened, and the straightening efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of target straightening technology, in particular to a method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target, and more particularly to a method for processing a high-purity rotating target with a length greater than 3 meters and a purity greater than 99.99%. BACKGROUND

[0002] The integrated rotating target is made by a casting process, and the circumferential degree of the pipe target manufactured by the casting process has a certain error, and as the length of the pipe target increases, the straightness error of the pipe target also increases. The pipe target has very high requirements for straightness and circumferential degree, so after the pipe target is completed by casting, the straightness and circumferential degree of the pipe target need to be adjusted by mechanical processing.

[0003] In the prior art, the outer diameter of the pipe target is taken as the processing reference, the outer circumferential surface of the pipe target is taken as the straightening reference to straighten and adjust the straightness of the pipe target. Since the pipe target has eccentric wall thickness, the inner diameter is still bent after outer circle straightening, so the pipe target needs to be bored by a boring machine to adjust the circumferential degree of the pipe target. However, as the length of the pipe target increases, the requirement for the boring machine is higher, and when processing an aluminum pipe target, the aluminum pipe target is soft and is easy to stick to the tool during boring, which can scratch the surface and result in low pass rate. For example, it takes 4 hours of processing time and costs 1000 yuan of processing cost to bore a 3-meter-long pipe target, the boring machine generates a loss of 20 yuan, and 5 kg of waste material is generated. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the straightening time, efficiency, and cost. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target, which straightens based on the inner diameter and does not need to be bored, reduces waste material generation, improves production efficiency, and reduces production cost.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target for processing a rotating target with a length greater than 3 meters, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, a reference determining step, the pipe target to be straightened is moved to a lathe, the pipe target is clamped on the lathe with the inner diameter as the rotating shaft, the outer circumferential surface of the left and right two ends of the pipe target is turned by the lathe to obtain two reference parts, the roundness of each reference part is controlled within 0.01-0.05 mm, and the relative coaxiality error between the two reference parts is controlled within 0.01-0.05 mm, and the space between the two reference parts is the part to be straightened;

[0007] S2, a fixing step, the finished pipe target is hoisted to a straightening device, the straightening device comprises a base, an inner diameter measuring mechanism, an outer diameter measuring mechanism, a pushing mechanism and two rotating supporting mechanisms, the two rotating supporting mechanisms are respectively slidably installed on the base, the pushing mechanism is fixedly installed on the middle of the base, the inner diameter measuring mechanism is movably installed on the base, the outer diameter measuring mechanism is movably installed on the pushing mechanism, the two reference portions of the pipe target are respectively rollably installed on the two rotating supporting mechanisms, so as to fix the pipe target and rotate the pipe target on the straightening device with the inner diameter as the rotating shaft;

[0008] S3, a straightening point determining step, comprising the following sub-steps,

[0009] S3.1, a marking straightening point sub-step, at least three straightening points are marked on the to-be-corrected portion along the length direction of the pipe target, and the straightening points are uniformly arranged on the pipe target;

[0010] S3.2, a reference measurement sub-step, the inner diameter measuring mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a measuring instrument and a pull rope, the measuring instrument is slidably installed on the sliding rail, one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the measuring instrument, the measuring instrument is provided with a measuring rod and a measuring table, the measuring rod is connected with the measuring table, and the displacement change of the measuring rod is reflected in the numerical value change of the measuring table,

[0011] the inner diameter measuring mechanism is inserted into the inner hole of the pipe target, the outer end of the measuring rod of the measuring instrument abuts against the inner wall of the pipe target, the measuring rod is pressed downward by a certain distance, so that a corresponding initial numerical value is formed on the measuring table, and the measuring rod also has a certain downward measuring stroke;

[0012] S3.3, an inner diameter measurement sub-step, the measuring instrument is moved to each straightening point by pulling the pull rope, the outer end of the measuring rod abuts against the inner wall of the straightening point, and the pipe target is rotated with the inner diameter of the reference portion as the rotating shaft, if the reference portion and the to-be-corrected portion are different in axis, the pipe target is deflected in the process of rotation, so that the measuring rod abutting against the inner wall of the pipe target is moved, thereby the numerical value on the measuring table is changed correspondingly, the difference between the change amplitude of the relative initial numerical value in the measuring table is recorded, and the corresponding run-out value is obtained at each straightening point;

[0013] S4, a straightening point and straightening value determining step, the jump values are compared, the straightening point with the largest jump value is moved to the lower side of the pushing mechanism through the two rotating supporting mechanisms, and the straightening value is set as 50±1% of the largest jump value;

[0014] S5, a straightening step, comprising the following sub-steps,

[0015] S5.1, a downward pressing straightening sub-step, the pipe target is rotated so that the highest point of the straightening point faces upward, the pushing mechanism is started to press downward on the pipe target from top to bottom, and the pressing is stopped when the outer diameter measuring mechanism detects that the pushing mechanism has pressed down by one straightening value;

[0016] S5.2, Calibration and continuous straightening sub-step: Repeat sub-step S3.3 to remeasure each straightening point. If any runout value after straightening is still greater than the accuracy requirement range, repeat sub-step S4 and S5.1 until all runout values ​​after straightening are within the accuracy requirement range.

[0017] S6, Eccentricity Correction Step: The straightened target tube is moved to the lathe, and the eccentric part of the part to be corrected is machined off using the outer diameter of the reference part as a reference.

[0018] In a further technical solution, the machine base is also slidably installed with two straightening support mechanisms. Both straightening support mechanisms are slidably installed between two rotating support mechanisms. The pushing mechanism is slidably installed on the machine base. In the steps of determining the straightening point and straightening value, the two rotating support mechanisms remain fixed, and the two straightening support mechanisms are moved to the left and right sides of the straightening point with the largest runout value as fulcrums, respectively. The pushing mechanism is then moved above the straightening point with the largest runout value.

[0019] In a further technical solution, the straightening support mechanism includes a support slide, an upper support frame, and a lower support frame. The support slide is slidably installed on the machine base, and the lower part of the lower support frame is movably installed on the support slide. One side of the upper part of the lower support frame is hinged to one side of the upper support frame, and the other side of the lower support frame is snap-fitted to the upper support frame. When the upper support frame and the lower support frame are connected and fixed, a hollow locking and fixing hole is formed in the middle of the straightening support mechanism along the length direction of the machine base.

[0020] In the step of pressing down to straighten the tube target, after rotating the tube target so that the highest point of the straightening point faces upward, rotate the upper support frame to fix the upper support frame and the lower support frame, so that the tube target is clamped and fixed in the locking hole.

[0021] In a further technical solution, the rotating support mechanism includes a support slide and two support roller assemblies. The lower part of the support slide is slidably mounted on the machine base. The two support roller assemblies are spaced apart on the support slide. Each support roller assembly includes a mounting base and a roller. The roller is rotatably mounted on the mounting base, which is located on the support slide. The roller rolls in cooperation with the reference part of the target.

[0022] In a further technical solution, the inner diameter measuring mechanism is also equipped with a measuring slide and a supplementary light installed on the measuring slide. The measuring slide is slidably installed on the slide rail, the measuring instrument is fixedly installed on the measuring slide, one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the measuring slide, and the supplementary light is set on the front side of the measuring instrument.

[0023] In a further technical solution, the inner diameter measuring mechanism is also equipped with a monitor and a camera. The monitor and the camera are electrically connected, and the camera is installed on the measuring slide, with the camera facing the measuring instrument's measuring gauge.

[0024] In a further technical solution, both the outer diameter measuring mechanism and the measuring instrument are dial indicators.

[0025] In a further technical solution, the length of the reference part is 10 to 100 mm.

[0026] In a further technical solution, during the step of marking and straightening points, when the length of the target tube is greater than 3000mm, at least one additional straightening point is added for every 5000-1000mm increase.

[0027] In a further technical solution, a 5T ballast press is selected as the pressing mechanism.

[0028] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: Using the inner diameter as the machining reference, two reference sections are first machined on a lathe using the inner diameter as the straightening reference. These reference sections are then mounted on a straightening device with the reference sections as the rotation axis. By measuring the difference between the inner diameters of the section to be straightened and the reference sections, the bending data of the target is obtained. Straightening is then performed using a pushing mechanism. The entire straightening process uses the inner diameter as the reference, eliminating the need for boring the inner diameter, reducing waste, lowering costs, simplifying the straightening process, shortening straightening time, improving straightening efficiency, and achieving a 100% processing qualification rate. Specifically, this method is used for processing high-purity rotating target materials with a length greater than 3 meters and a purity greater than 99.99%. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a front view of the straightening device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner diameter measuring mechanism of the invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of the tube target of the present invention during the marking and straightening point step;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a comparison table of the processing time for each target tube in this invention and Comparative Example 1;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a comparison table of the costs incurred in processing each tube target in this invention and Comparative Example 1.

[0037] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of comparative example 1 of the present invention, showing the machining of the inner diameter using a boring machine;

[0038] Figure 9 This is the processing cost and processing schedule of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the fixing steps of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the straightening steps of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This refers to the processing cost and processing time of this invention.

[0042] Marked in the image:

[0043] 1 target tube, 11 reference section, 12 calibration section;

[0044] 2 bases;

[0045] 3. Inner diameter measuring mechanism; 31. Slide rail; 32. Measuring slide; 33. Pull rope; 34. Measuring rod; 35. Measuring gauge; 36. Supplementary light.

[0046] 4. Outer diameter measuring mechanism;

[0047] 5. Pushing mechanism;

[0048] 6. Rotary support mechanism; 61. Support slide; 62. Mounting base; 63. Roller;

[0049] 7. Straight support mechanism, 71. Support slide, 72. Upper support frame, 73. Lower support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target is used to process an aluminum tube target 1 with an outer diameter of 173 mm, an inner diameter of 125 mm, a length of 3000 mm, a 3 mm eccentricity in the tube wall, and a maximum bending of 5 mm. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the process for machining rotating targets longer than 3 meters includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Determine the reference step: The target tube 1 to be straightened is hoisted onto a lathe and clamped on the lathe with its inner diameter as the axis of rotation. The outer circumferential surfaces of the left and right ends of the target tube 1 are machined on the lathe to a depth of 20mm, resulting in two reference portions 11, each 20mm long. The circular runout of each reference portion 11 is controlled within 0.01–0.05mm, and the relative coaxiality error between the two reference portions 11 is controlled within 0.01–0.05mm. The portion to be straightened 12 lies between the two reference portions 11. Since the two ends of the target tube 1 have the least curvature, they are machined with the inner diameter as the reference, ensuring the outer and inner diameters of the reference portions 11 are coaxial. The length of the reference portions 11 is controlled within 10–100mm. While ensuring the reference portions 11 can be rotatably connected to the straightening device, the length of the reference portions 11 is reduced, and the length of the portion to be straightened 12 is increased, thereby improving the straightening accuracy.

[0053] S2, fixed steps, such as Figure 10 As shown, the machined pipe target 1 is hoisted onto the straightening device. The straightening device includes a base 2, an inner diameter measuring mechanism 3, an outer diameter measuring mechanism 4, a pressing mechanism 5, and two rotating support mechanisms 6. The two rotating support mechanisms 6 are slidably mounted on the base 2, the pressing mechanism 5 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the base 2, the inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 is movably mounted on the base 2, and the outer diameter measuring mechanism 4 is movably mounted on the pressing mechanism 5. The two reference parts 11 of the pipe target 1 are rolled onto the two rotating support mechanisms 6 to fix the pipe target 1 and rotate it on the straightening device with the inner diameter as the axis of rotation. The reference parts 11 are rotatably connected to the straightening device, so that the pipe target 1 rotates on the straightening device with the inner diameter as the axis of rotation, which facilitates subsequent straightening with the inner diameter as the reference.

[0054] S3, the alignment point determination step, includes the following sub-steps.

[0055] S3.1, Mark the straightening points step, such as Figure 5 As shown, calibration points A, B and C are marked on the calibration section 12. Calibration points A and C are located at the left and right ends of the calibration section 12, and calibration point C is located in the middle of the calibration section 12.

[0056] S3.2, Reference Measurement Sub-step: The inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 includes a slide rail 31, a measuring instrument, and a pull rope 33. The measuring instrument is slidably mounted on the slide rail 31, and one end of the pull rope 33 is fixedly connected to the measuring instrument. The measuring instrument is equipped with a measuring rod 34 and a measuring gauge 35. The measuring rod 34 is connected to the measuring gauge 35, and the displacement change of the measuring rod 34 reflects the numerical change of the measuring gauge 35.

[0057] Insert the inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 into the inner hole of the tube target 1, so that the outer end of the measuring rod 34 of the measuring instrument abuts against the inner wall of the tube target 1. By pressing the measuring rod 34 downward a certain distance, a corresponding initial value is formed on the measuring table 35. At the same time, the measuring rod 34 also forms a certain downward measuring stroke.

[0058] S3.3, Inner diameter measurement sub-step: Pull the rope 33 to move the measuring instrument to each calibration point. The outer end of the measuring rod 34 abuts against the inner wall of the calibration point. Rotate the tube target 1 with the inner diameter of the reference part 11 as the axis of rotation. If the reference part 11 and the part to be calibrated 12 are not coaxial, the tube target 1 will deflect during rotation, causing the measuring rod 34 abutting against the inner wall of the tube target 1 to move, thereby causing the value on the measuring table 35 to change accordingly. Record the difference in the change range of the measuring table 35 relative to the initial value, and obtain the corresponding runout value at each calibration point. The greater the difference between the runout value at each calibration point and the initial value, the greater the degree of bending of the tube target 1.

[0059] S4, the step of determining the straightening point and straightening value: compare the various runout values, and move the straightening point with the largest runout value to the bottom of the pushing mechanism 5 through the two rotating support mechanisms 6. The straightening value is set to 49-51% of the maximum runout value; preferably, the straightening value is set to 50% of the maximum runout value. The straightening point with the largest runout value is the high or low point of the bend of the tube target 1. Therefore, the straightening point with the largest runout value is selected for straightening.

[0060] S5, the straightening step, includes the following sub-steps.

[0061] S5.1, pressing down the straightening sub-step, as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the rotating tube target 1 makes the highest point of the straightening point face upward, and the pushing mechanism 5 is activated to press down on the tube target 1 from top to bottom. When the outer diameter measuring mechanism 4 detects that the pushing mechanism 5 has pressed down one straightening value, the pressing stops.

[0062] S5.2, Calibration and continuous straightening sub-step: Repeat sub-step S3.3 to remeasure each straightening point. If any runout value after straightening is still greater than the accuracy requirement range, repeat sub-step S4 and S5.1 until all runout values ​​after straightening are within the accuracy requirement range.

[0063] S6, Eccentricity Correction Step: The straightened tube target 1 is hoisted to the lathe, and the eccentric part of the part to be corrected 12 is machined off using the outer diameter of the reference part 11 as a reference.

[0064] The inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 is placed into the inner hole of the tube target 1. An initial value is obtained using the measuring instrument. The measuring instrument is moved to the alignment point A by pulling the pull rope 33. The outer end of the measuring rod 34 abuts against the inner wall of the alignment point A. The tube target 1 is rotated around the inner diameter of the reference part 11 to obtain the runout value A. The pull rope 33 is then pulled sequentially to move the measuring instrument to alignment points B and C for measurement, obtaining runout values ​​B and C respectively. For example, if the runout value A is 2mm, runout value B is 5mm, and runout value C is 3mm, the alignment value is set to 2mm. The tube target 1 is rotated so that the highest point of alignment point B faces upwards, and the pushing mechanism 5 is activated from top to bottom. The tube target 1 is pressed down. When the outer diameter measuring mechanism 4 detects that the pressing mechanism 5 has pressed down 2mm, the pressing stops. The inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 is used to measure the straightening points A, B, and C again. For example, the runout value obtained at this time is 1mm for A, 1mm for B, and 1.2mm for C. The tube target 1 is rotated again so that the highest point of the straightening point C faces upward. The pressing mechanism 5 is started to press down on the tube target 1 from top to bottom. When the outer diameter measuring mechanism 4 detects that the pressing mechanism 5 has pressed down 0.6mm, the pressing stops. The operation is repeated until the runout values ​​A, B, and C are all within the accuracy requirements, and the straightening operation is completed. Using the inner diameter as a reference, two reference parts 11 are first machined out on a lathe. Then, the reference parts 11 are mounted on a straightening device with the reference parts 11 as the rotation axis. By measuring the difference between the inner diameter of the part to be straightened 12 and the reference parts 11, the bending data of the tube target 1 is obtained. Then, the straightening is performed by the pushing mechanism 5. The entire straightening process is based on the inner diameter, eliminating the need to bore the inner diameter, reducing waste, lowering costs, simplifying the straightening process, shortening the straightening time, and improving straightening efficiency.

[0065] Existing technology requires straightening based on the outer diameter, followed by boring the inner hole using a boring machine. Therefore, this invention adds a boring step, such as... Figure 6 As shown, for example, for an aluminum tube target 1 with an outer diameter of 150mm, an inner diameter of 125mm, and a length of 3000mm, the incoming material bending of the tube target 1 is 3mm, the eccentricity of the tube target 1's opening wall thickness is 2mm, and boring each tube target 1 requires 4 hours. With a working day of 8 hours, only 2 tube targets 1 can be processed per day. However, with this invention, 10-16 tube targets 1 can be processed per day. Figure 7 As shown, the cost of boring one tube target 1 is 1000 yuan, the wear and tear of the boring machine is 20 yuan, the boring process generates 5 kg of scrap, the market price of aluminum scrap is 50 yuan / kg, and 250 yuan of materials are required. The cost of turning the outer diameter on a lathe is 100 yuan, and the total cost of straightening one tube target 1 is 1370 yuan. However, by using the present invention for straightening, only the cost of turning the outer diameter on a lathe is 100 yuan. Therefore, compared with the prior art, taking the tube target 1 of the above specifications as an example, the present invention saves 4 hours of processing time and 1290 yuan of processing costs for straightening one tube target 1.

[0066] Specifically, the base 2 also has two straightening support mechanisms 7 slidably mounted on it. Both straightening support mechanisms 7 are slidably mounted between two rotating support mechanisms 6. The pushing mechanism 5 is slidably mounted on the base 2. In the steps of determining the straightening point and straightening value, the two rotating support mechanisms 6 remain fixed, and the two straightening support mechanisms 7 are moved to the left and right sides of the straightening point with the largest runout value as fulcrums, respectively. The pushing mechanism 5 is then moved above the straightening point with the largest runout value. The straightening support mechanisms 7 serve as two support points, which is particularly useful for pipe targets 1 that bend in different directions. By changing the fulcrums on both sides of the pushing mechanism 5, the pipe target 1 is straightened in segments, reducing repeated measurements and straightening steps, and further improving the straightening speed.

[0067] Specifically, the straightening support mechanism 7 includes a support slide 71, an upper support frame 72, and a lower support frame 73. The support slide 71 is slidably installed on the machine base 2, and the lower part of the lower support frame 73 is movably installed on the support slide 71. One side of the upper part of the lower support frame 73 is hinged to one side of the upper support frame 72, and the other side of the lower support frame 73 is snap-fitted to the upper support frame 72. After the upper support frame 72 and the lower support frame 73 are connected and fixed, a hollow locking and fixing hole is formed in the middle of the straightening support mechanism 7 along the length direction of the machine base 2. In the pressing straightening sub-step, after rotating the tube target 1 so that the highest point of the straightening point faces upward, the upper support frame 72 is rotated to fix the upper support frame 72 and the lower support frame 73, so that the tube target 1 is clamped and fixed in the locking and fixing hole. During the straightening process, the upper support frame 72 and the lower support frame 73 clamp and fix the tube target 1 to prevent the tube target 1 from rotating under pressure when the pushing mechanism 5 presses down on the tube target 1, which would lead to straightening failure and improve the straightening success rate. The tube target 1 does not need to be held and fixed by hand, which improves safety.

[0068] Specifically, the rotating support mechanism 6 includes a support slide 61 and two support roller assemblies. The lower part of the support slide 61 is slidably mounted on the base 2. The two support roller assemblies are spaced apart on the support slide 61. Each support roller assembly includes a mounting base 62 and a roller 63. The roller 63 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 62, which is located on the support slide 61. The roller 63 rolls with the reference part 11 of the tube target 1. The support slide 61 slides along the length of the base 2 to accommodate tube targets 1 of different lengths. Preferably, the mounting base 62 is slidably mounted on the support slide 61, which can stably accommodate tube targets 1 of different diameters. This prevents the tube target 1 from falling off the rotating support mechanism 6 due to insufficient clearance between the two rollers 63 when straightening a larger diameter tube target 1, thus improving stability and adaptability.

[0069] Specifically, the inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 is also equipped with a measuring slide 32 and a supplementary light 36 installed on the measuring slide 32. The measuring slide 32 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 31, and the measuring instrument is fixedly mounted on the measuring slide 32. One end of the pull rope 33 is fixedly connected to the measuring slide 32, and the supplementary light 36 is located on the front side of the measuring instrument. When the inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 is placed into the inner hole of the pipe target 1, since light cannot reach it, the measuring instrument is illuminated by the supplementary light 36, thus allowing the specific reading of the measuring instrument to be clearly seen. The measuring instrument is movably mounted on the measuring slide 32, which facilitates periodic disassembly for instrument calibration, increasing the accuracy of calibration.

[0070] Specifically, the inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 is also equipped with a monitor and a camera. The monitor and camera are electrically connected, and the camera is mounted on the measuring slide 32, facing the measuring instrument's measuring gauge 35. When measuring a long pipe target 1, it is difficult to clearly observe the measuring instrument's reading with the naked eye. Therefore, a monitor and camera are added. The camera captures the measuring instrument's reading and displays the image on the monitor, allowing for intuitive, fast, and accurate reading of the measuring instrument's reading, making it more convenient to use.

[0071] Specifically, both the outer diameter measuring mechanism 4 and the measuring instrument are dial indicators. The inner diameter measuring mechanism 3 uses a regular dial indicator in conjunction with a camera for reading, eliminating the need for electronic measuring equipment, resulting in a simple structure and low cost.

[0072] Specifically, in the step of marking and straightening points, when the length of the target tube 1 is greater than 3000 mm, at least one additional straightening point should be added for every 5000-1000 mm increase. Adjusting the number of straightening points according to the length of the target tube 1 allows for quick and accurate straightening.

[0073] Specifically, the pressing mechanism 5 uses a 5T ballast press. The rotating target material is mostly made of materials such as Al, Sn and Cu. These metal materials have poor strength and the pipe is prone to bending and deformation. Therefore, a 5T ballast press is selected to straighten it to prevent the large ballast size from making it difficult to control the straightening value.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] Using traditional machining methods, the outer diameter of the tube target 1 is first straightened. After the outer diameter is straightened, the inner circumferential surface of the tube target 1 is machined. The inner diameter machining is performed by boring the inner circumferential surface of the tube target 1 using a large boring machine. Figure 8 As shown, a machining allowance of at least 2mm needs to be reserved between the inner and outer diameters of the tube target 1. Boring will inevitably result in material waste, and because the aluminum tube target 1 has a relatively soft material structure, it is prone to tool sticking during boring. Figure 8As shown, the boring machine is closed at both ends during operation, making it impossible to observe the boring of the inner circle of the target 1. When the tool sticks, it will damage the inner circle surface of the target 1, which cannot be dealt with in time, resulting in the scrapping of the entire target 1. Therefore, the pass rate of the traditional processing method can only reach 90%.

[0076] When processing a tube target 1 of the same specifications and material with a length of 3 meters as in Comparative Example 1 and Embodiment 1 of the present invention, such as Figure 9 As shown, in Comparative Example 1, processing one tube target 1 requires 4 hours of processing time, incurs 250 yuan of material waste, 20 yuan of boring machine equipment waste, and 1,000 yuan of processing costs, while the equipment purchase cost reaches 800,000 yuan.

[0077] Embodiment 1 of the present invention, such as Figure 12 As shown, processing a 3-meter-long target 1 requires only half an hour of processing time, with zero material consumption and a processing cost of 30 yuan compared to Comparative Example 1. Equipment wear and tear is reduced to 20 yuan / day, but the processing pass rate is increased to 100%. Furthermore, as... Figure 10 and 11 As shown, the processing method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention does not require the use of a large processing equipment such as a boring machine, and the purchase cost of the required equipment is only 100,000 yuan. Therefore, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Example 1 differs significantly from Comparative Example 1 in terms of processing time, processing cost, and equipment procurement cost. Example 1 of the present invention not only improves processing efficiency but also reduces processing cost and equipment procurement cost by a factor of two.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target, characterized in that: Used for processing rotating targets with a length greater than 3 meters. Includes the following steps, S1, determine the reference step, lift the tube target (1) to be straightened to the lathe, clamp it on the lathe with the inner diameter of the tube target (1) as the rotation axis, and machine the outer circumferential surfaces of the left and right ends of the tube target (1) by the lathe to obtain the left and right reference parts (11). The circular runout of each reference part (11) is controlled within 0.01 to 0.05 mm, and the relative coaxiality error between the two reference parts (11) is controlled within 0.01 to 0.05 mm. The part to be straightened (12) is between the two reference parts (11). S2, fixing step, hoisting the machined pipe target (1) onto the straightening device. The straightening device includes a base (2), an inner diameter measuring mechanism (3), an outer diameter measuring mechanism (4), a pressing mechanism (5), and two rotating support mechanisms (6). The two rotating support mechanisms (6) are slidably installed on the base (2), the pressing mechanism (5) is fixedly installed in the middle of the base (2), the inner diameter measuring mechanism (3) is movably installed on the base (2), and the outer diameter measuring mechanism (4) is movably installed on the pressing mechanism (5). The two reference parts (11) of the pipe target (1) are rolled on the two rotating support mechanisms (6) respectively to fix the pipe target (1) and make the pipe target (1) rotate on the straightening device with the inner diameter as the rotation axis. S3, the alignment point determination step, includes the following sub-steps. S3.1, Marking the straightening points step: along the length direction of the tube target (1), mark at least three straightening points on the part to be straightened (12), with each straightening point evenly spaced on the tube target (1); S3.2, Reference Measurement Sub-step: The inner diameter measuring mechanism (3) includes a slide rail (31), a measuring instrument, and a pull rope (33). The measuring instrument is slidably mounted on the slide rail (31), and one end of the pull rope (33) is fixedly connected to the measuring instrument. The measuring instrument is equipped with a measuring rod (34) and a measuring gauge (35). The measuring rod (34) is connected to the measuring gauge (35), and the displacement change of the measuring rod (34) reflects the numerical change of the measuring gauge (35). Insert the inner diameter measuring mechanism (3) into the inner hole of the tube target (1), so that the outer end of the measuring rod (34) of the measuring instrument abuts against the inner wall of the tube target (1). By pressing the measuring rod (34) down a certain distance, a corresponding initial value is formed on the measuring table (35), and the measuring rod (34) also forms a certain downward measuring stroke. S3.3, Inner diameter measurement sub-step: Pull the rope (33) to move the measuring instrument to each calibration point. The outer end of the measuring rod (34) abuts against the inner wall of the calibration point. Rotate the tube target (1) with the inner diameter of the reference part (11) as the axis of rotation. If the reference part (11) and the part to be calibrated (12) are not coaxial, the tube target (1) will deflect during the rotation, causing the measuring rod (34) abutting against the inner wall of the tube target (1) to move, thereby causing the value on the measuring table (35) to change accordingly. Record the difference in the change range of the relative initial value in the measuring table (35) and obtain the corresponding runout value at each calibration point. S4, the steps for determining the straightening point and straightening value are as follows: compare each runout value, and move the straightening point with the largest runout value to below the pushing mechanism (5) through two rotating support mechanisms (6). The straightening value is set to 50 ± 1% of the maximum runout value. S5, the straightening step, includes the following sub-steps. S5.1, Press down to straighten the tube target (1), rotate the tube target (1) so that the highest point of the straightening point faces upward, start the pressing mechanism (5) to press down on the tube target (1) from top to bottom, and stop pressing when the outer diameter measuring mechanism (4) detects that the pressing mechanism (5) has pressed down one straightening value; S5.2, Calibration and continuous straightening sub-step: Repeat sub-step S3.3 to remeasure each straightening point. If any runout value after straightening is still greater than the accuracy requirement range, repeat sub-step S4 and S5.1 until all runout values ​​after straightening are within the accuracy requirement range. S6, Eccentricity correction step: The straightened target (1) is lifted to the lathe and the eccentric part of the part to be corrected (12) is machined off with the outer diameter of the reference part (11) as the reference.

2. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (2) is also slidably mounted with two straightening support mechanisms (7). The two straightening support mechanisms (7) are slidably mounted between the two rotating support mechanisms (6). The pushing mechanism (5) is slidably mounted on the base (2). In the step of determining the straightening point and straightening value, the two rotating support mechanisms (6) remain fixed, and the two straightening support mechanisms (7) are moved to the left and right sides of the straightening point with the largest runout value as fulcrums, and the pushing mechanism (5) is moved above the straightening point with the largest runout value.

3. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 2, characterized in that: The straightening support mechanism (7) includes a support slide (71), an upper support frame (72) and a lower support frame (73). The support slide (71) is slidably installed on the machine base (2). The lower part of the lower support frame (73) is movably installed on the support slide (71). One side of the upper part of the lower support frame (73) is hinged to one side of the upper support frame (72), and the other side of the lower support frame (73) is snapped to the upper support frame (72). When the upper support frame (72) and the lower support frame (73) are connected and fixed, a hollow locking hole is formed in the middle part of the straightening support mechanism (7) along the length direction of the machine base (2). In the step of pressing down to straighten, after rotating the tube target (1) so that the highest point of the straightening point faces upward, rotate the upper support frame (72) to fix the upper support frame (72) and the lower support frame (73) together, so that the tube target (1) is clamped and fixed in the locking hole.

4. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating support mechanism (6) includes a support slide (61) and two support roller assemblies. The lower part of the support slide (61) is slidably mounted on the base (2). The two support roller assemblies are spaced apart on the support slide (61). Each support roller assembly includes a mounting base (62) and a roller (63). The roller (63) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (62). The mounting base (62) is set on the support slide (61). The roller (63) rolls with the reference part (11) of the target (1).

5. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter measuring mechanism (3) is also provided with a measuring slide (32) and a supplementary light (36) installed on the measuring slide (32). The measuring slide (32) is slidably installed on the slide rail (31). The measuring instrument is fixedly installed on the measuring slide (32). One end of the pull rope (33) is fixedly connected to the measuring slide (32). The supplementary light (36) is located on the front side of the measuring instrument.

6. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner diameter measuring mechanism (3) is also equipped with a monitor and a camera. The monitor and the camera are electrically connected. The camera is installed on the measuring slide (32) and faces the measuring instrument's measuring gauge (35).

7. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the outer diameter measuring mechanism (4) and the measuring instrument are dial gauges.

8. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the reference part (11) is 10 to 100 mm.

9. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of marking and straightening the points, when the length of the target tube (1) is greater than 3000 mm, at least one additional straightening point shall be added for every 5000-1000 mm increase.

10. The method for straightening the inner diameter of a rotating target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (5) is a 5T ballast press.

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