A nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of materials. The nickel-based interlayer alloy material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8.0-10.5% of Cr, 7.0-10.5% of Co, 3.0-6.0% of Mn, 0.3-2.5% of Mo, 2.0-6.0% of W, 2.5-6.5% of Al, 2.5-5.0% of Nb, 2.0-6.0% of Ti, 1.5-3.5% of Re, 0.5-1.5% of B, and the balance of nickel. The raw materials of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material are subjected to vacuum smelting pouring in an induction vacuum smelting furnace, and then are made into foil strips through rapid quenching technology. The prepared foil strip-shaped nickel-based interlayer alloy material is used for brazing and welding of hard alloy-nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the obtained welded joint has high shear strength under normal temperature and high-temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials technology, and more specifically, to a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The aircraft engine is the heart of an aircraft and a crucial factor determining its performance. Engine components such as the disc, shaft, drum, and journals are core rotating parts and critical components that operate in harsh environments with high temperature, high pressure, and high speed. These parts are mostly manufactured from difficult-to-machine materials such as high-temperature alloys, powder metallurgy alloys, and titanium alloys. They require high dimensional accuracy, strict technical conditions, and stringent requirements for surface quality and integrity. The quality of their machining directly affects the engine's service life and reliability.

[0003] Aero-engines contain numerous components and involve a wide variety of materials. Aero-engine blades, due to their unique operating conditions and manufacturing assembly requirements, necessitate reducing aircraft weight while maintaining structural strength to meet lightweighting demands. However, the connection and assembly of blades with bladed disks and other components has become a key factor influencing the development of the aero-engine manufacturing industry. In particular, critical components such as blades face the challenge of connecting and assembling hard alloy materials with nickel-based superalloy materials.

[0004] In recent years, the main problems in brazing cemented carbide and high-temperature alloys have been the significant difference in the coefficients of linear expansion between the base materials, leading to residual stress at the joint that affects the weld quality, and cobalt desorption from cemented carbide under long-term high-temperature holding conditions. With the development of modern industry, conventional Ag-based / Cu-based / Ni-based brazing materials are insufficient to meet the requirements of extreme working conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new brazing materials specifically for brazing cemented carbide and high-temperature alloys under extreme conditions.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, its preparation method, and its application, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, wherein the chemical composition of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material comprises, by weight percentage: 8.0%~10.5%Cr, 7.0%~10.5%Co, 3.0%~6.0%Mn, 0.3%~2.5%Mo, 2.0%~6.0%W, 2.5%~6.5%Al, 2.5%~5.0%Nb, 2.0%~6.0%Ti, 1.5%~3.5%Re, 0.5%~1.5%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0008] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, wherein the raw materials constituting the nickel-based interlayer alloy material are mixed, then melted in an induction vacuum melting furnace, and finally produced into a foil strip of nickel-based interlayer alloy material.

[0009] Thirdly, the present invention provides an application of a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, wherein the prepared foil-shaped nickel-based interlayer alloy material is used for welding cemented carbide-nickel-based superalloy.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, which, using an optimal raw material composition, is prepared into a foil-like strip. When this interlayer alloy material is used for welding cemented carbide-nickel-based superalloys, the resulting weld joint exhibits high shear strength under both room temperature and high temperature conditions. This nickel-based interlayer alloy material is suitable for welding various types of cemented carbide to nickel-based superalloys, and its welding performance surpasses the bonding strength of widely used Ag-based, Cu-based, Ni-based, and Co-based brazing filler metals, meeting their industrial application requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the welding assembly of cemented carbide and nickel-based superalloy in the examples and comparative examples; Figure 2 A micrograph of the joint of a weldment after welding with the foil strip brazing filler metal provided in Example 1; Figure 3 A micrograph of the joint of a weldment after welding with the foil strip brazing filler metal provided in Example 2; Figure 4 A micrograph of the joint of a weldment after welding with the foil strip brazing filler metal provided in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0014] The following is a detailed description of a nickel-based interlayer alloy material, its preparation method, and its application provided by the present invention.

[0015] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, the chemical composition of which, by weight percentage, includes: 8.0%~10.5%Cr, 7.0%~10.5%Co, 3.0%~6.0%Mn, 0.3%~2.5%Mo, 2.0%~6.0%W, 2.5%~6.5%Al, 2.5%~5.0%Nb, 2.0%~6.0%Ti, 1.5%~3.5%Re, 0.5%~1.5%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0016] It should be noted that the inventors added chromium (Cr) to the intermediate layer alloy material nickel. The addition of Cr improves the joint's hot corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and also reduces the γ′ phase dissolution temperature and antiphase domain boundary energy in the high-temperature alloy. Co (Cobalt) was added, which improves the material's microstructure stability, lowers the phase dissolution temperature and stacking fault energy, and tends to favor dendrite centers, providing limited solid solution strengthening. Niobium (Nb) was added, which has γ′ precipitation strengthening and γ′ stabilizing effects. Titanium (Ti) was added, which improves the joint's high-temperature strength. Ti and Nb are γ′ phase forming elements and also increase the γ′ antiphase domain boundary energy. The addition of titanium also improves the wetting and spreading properties of the solder on the cemented carbide. A certain amount of rhenium (Re) was also added. Re is a typical solid solution strengthening element that significantly improves the joint's high-temperature resistance and creep strength. The addition of manganese (Mn) increases the solder's wetting on the cemented carbide, promotes the reaction between the solder and the cemented carbide, and enhances the joint's mechanical properties.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nickel-based interlayer alloy material, by weight percentage, comprises: 8.5%~10.0% Cr, 8.5%~10.0% Co, 3.5%~4.5% Mn, 1.5%~2.0% Mo, 3.5%~5.0% W, 4.0%~5.0% Al, 3.0%~4.0% Nb, 4.0~5.0% Ti, 2.0~3.0% Re, 0.8%~1.2% B, and the balance being nickel.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nickel-based interlayer alloy material is in the form of a foil strip. The inventors have found that the foil strip alloy material exhibits better welding performance during welding.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material is 40~60µm and the width is 10~50mm.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material is 30µm, 40µm, 50µm, 55µm or 60µm, and the width is 30mm, 40mm, 45mm or 50mm.

[0021] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing a nickel-based interlayer alloy material, comprising the following steps: The raw materials prepared according to the above-mentioned chemical composition of nickel-based intermediate alloy materials are mixed and smelted.

[0022] It should be noted that before the mixed smelting, the elemental substances in the raw materials need to be acid-washed for 25-35 seconds, alkali-washed for 25-35 seconds, and water-washed for 10-15 seconds. The acid washing is mainly to remove oxides and dirt from the surface of the elemental substances, the alkali washing is mainly to remove grease from the surface of the elemental substances, and the water washing is mainly to remove insoluble impurities and dirt from the surface of the elemental substances.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, to ensure uniform composition of the prepared alloy ingot, melting is carried out in an induction vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum degree of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -3 ~8×10 -3 To prevent splashing of the molten liquid during pa smelting, inert gas is introduced for protection. The temperature is heated to 1350~1450℃. The raw material is heated to a molten state and then held at that temperature for 20~30 minutes before being poured into the smelting furnace.

[0024] Furthermore, the vacuum degree can be 4 × 10⁻⁶. -3 5×10 -3 Or 8×10 -3 pa can also be 4 × 10 -3 ~8×10 - 3 Any other value within the range of Pa. The heating temperature can be 1350℃, 1380℃, or 1450℃, or any other value within the range of 1350~1450℃. The holding time can be 20min, 25min, or 30min, or any other value within the range of 20~30min.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the process further includes mechanically cutting and grinding the alloy ingot prepared by vacuum melting. Cutting primarily involves shaping the alloy ingot into alloy strips of suitable size. The cut alloy strips undergo sandblasting to remove surface oil, followed by ultrasonic cleaning with alcohol and acetone to remove further oil. The cleaned alloy strips are then shaped using a rapid quenching process. The treated alloy strips are free of oxides, residues, and other impurities, allowing for rapid melting in the subsequent rapid quenching process.

[0026] The rapid quenching technology involves remelting the alloy ingot, holding it at a certain temperature, and then spraying the remelted melt onto the surface of a copper roller to form a strip.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alloy ingot is remelted until completely melted and then kept at a constant temperature for 5 to 10 minutes. The linear speed of the copper roller is set to 30 to 50 m / s, and the spray pressure of the melt after remelting is 0.04 to 0.06 MPa.

[0028] Furthermore, the holding time can be 5 min, 6 min, 8 min, or 10 min, or any other value within the range of 5 to 10 min. The linear speed of the copper roller can be 30 m / s, 45 m / s, or 50 m / s, or any other value within the range of 30 to 50 m / s. The injection pressure of the remelted melt is 0.04 MPa, 0.05 MPa, or 0.06 MPa.

[0029] Some embodiments of the present invention provide an application of a nickel-based interlayer alloy material in cemented carbide-nickel-based superalloy welding.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the welding temperature is 1200~1300℃, the welding pressure is 0.05~0.5MPa, and the holding time is 20~50min.

[0031] Furthermore, the welding temperature is 1200℃, 1250℃, 1280℃, or 1300℃. The welding pressure is 0.05MPa, 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, or 0.5MPa, or any other value within the range of 0.05~0.5MPa. The holding time is 20min, 30min, 35min, or 50min, or any other value within the range of 20~50min.

[0032] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0033] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing and applying a nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, including the following steps: S1. Raw materials with purities of Cr≥99.9%, Co≥99.9%, Mn≥99.9%, Mo≥99.9%, W≥99.9%, Al≥99.9%, Nb≥99.9%, Ti≥99.9%, Re≥99.9%, B≥99.9%, and Ni≥99.9% are subjected to acid pickling for 30 seconds, alkaline washing for 30 seconds, and water washing for 10 seconds to remove surface oxide film and impurities; S2. Weigh the raw materials of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material by weight percentage, including: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0%Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 3.7%Nb, 4.6%Ti, 2.0%Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel; S3. Place the prepared raw materials in an induction vacuum melting furnace, and evacuate the furnace to a vacuum level of 5×10⁻⁶. -3 After pa, Ar gas is introduced for atmosphere protection, then heated to 1380℃, and held at that temperature for 20 minutes after the material is completely melted, and then poured in the melting furnace; S4. The alloy ingot produced by smelting is mechanically cut, the surface oxide scale and residue are polished off, and then it is placed into the quartz glass tube of the copper roller spinning machine; S5. The alloy ingot is remelted in an Ar protective atmosphere. After the alloy is completely melted, it is held at the temperature for 6 minutes and then the strip is spun. The linear speed of the copper roller is set to 45 m / s and the spray pressure of the remelted melt is 0.05 MPa. After the strip is spun, the intermediate layer material is made into a foil strip with a thickness of 50 µm and a width of 40 mm. S6. The prepared foil-shaped nickel-based interlayer alloy material was applied to the brazing of YG6X cemented carbide and GH4169 high-temperature alloy. The welding process parameters were set as follows: welding temperature 1280℃, pressure 0.1MPa, and holding time 30min.

[0034] This embodiment also provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding prepared by the above preparation method.

[0035] Example 2 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 10.5%Cr, 10.5%Co, 3.5%Mn, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 3.7%Nb, 4.6%Ti, 3.0%Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0036] Example 3 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0%Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 3.5%Nb, 3.5%Ti, 2.5%Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0037] Example 4 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 12.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 3.7%Nb, 4.6%Ti, 1.0Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0038] Example 5 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 7.0Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 2.5%Nb, 4.6%Ti, 1.5Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0039] Example 6 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0%Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 2.5%Nb, 1.5%Ti, 2.5%Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0%Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 2.5%Nb, 1.5%Ti, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0%Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 2.5%Nb, 2.5%Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 This embodiment provides a nickel-based intermediate layer alloy material for welding. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is in step S2, where the raw materials weighed by weight percentage include: 9.5%Cr, 9.6%Co, 4.0Mn%, 1.8%Mo, 4.5%W, 4.6%Al, 1.5%Ti, 2.5%Re, 1.1%B, and the balance being nickel.

[0043] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a foil-like strip silver-based interlayer material with the chemical composition: AgCuNiMn.

[0044] It was used for brazing YG6X cemented carbide and GH4169 high-temperature alloy. The welding process parameters were set as follows: welding temperature was 890℃, pressure was 0.15MPa, and holding time was 10min.

[0045] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example describes a foil-like strip silver-based interlayer material with the chemical composition: AgCuZnNi.

[0046] It was used for brazing YG6X cemented carbide and GH4169 high-temperature alloy. The welding process parameters were set as follows: welding temperature was 730℃, pressure was 0.15MPa, and holding time was 10min.

[0047] Experimental Example 1 The brazed joints of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were subjected to room temperature shear strength testing. The instrument used was a CMT5105 from MTS SYSTEMS, USA, and the test method referred to GB / T 11363-2008 Test Method for Brazed Joint Strength.

[0048] The experimental data are recorded in Table 1: Table 1. Room temperature shear strength data

[0049] As shown in Table 1, the brazing of cemented carbide and nickel-based superalloys using the foil-shaped nickel-based interlayer alloy material provided by this invention results in welded joints with significantly higher shear strength at room temperature or 600°C compared to Examples 1-3. Specifically, the welded joint in Example 1 exhibits a shear strength as high as 879.4 MPa at room temperature and 478.3 MPa at 600°C, demonstrating high shear strength under both room and high temperature conditions. Furthermore, if the chemical composition of the raw materials is outside the scope of protection of this invention, the strength of the brazed joint obtained is significantly lower than that of the joint obtained with the composition within the protection scope.

[0050] As shown in Table 1, the shear strength of the brazed joints obtained by the foil-shaped nickel-based interlayer alloy material provided by the present invention for brazing cemented carbide and nickel-based superalloys at room temperature or 600°C is significantly lower than that of Comparative Examples 1-3, the same as that of Comparative Example 4, but significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 5. It can be seen that if the brazing filler metal lacks any of the alloying strengthening elements (Re, Ti, Nb, etc.), the strength of the resulting weld joint is significantly lower than that of the weld joint obtained with the composition ratio within the protection range. Compared with the shear strength of the weld joint prepared in Example 1, the shear strength at room temperature is reduced by as much as 20% to 22%, and the shear strength at 600°C is reduced by as much as 16.5% to 35%.

[0051] The shear strength of Examples 1-3 is significantly better than that of the existing silver-based foil strip brazing filler metals AgCuNiMn and AgCuZnNi provided in Comparative Examples 4 and 5. It can be seen that if the chemical composition does not include certain chemical elements required by the present invention, the strength of the obtained welded joint is lower.

[0052] In summary, the nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding provided by this invention utilizes an optimal raw material composition to prepare a foil-like nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding. The preparation process is simple, and when this interlayer alloy material is applied to brazing cemented carbide and nickel-based superalloys, the welding effect is good, and the resulting weld joints exhibit high shear strength under both room temperature and high temperature conditions. This nickel-based interlayer alloy material is suitable for welding various types of cemented carbide and nickel-based superalloys, and its welding performance surpasses the bonding strength of widely used Ag-based, Cu-based, Ni-based, and Co-based brazing filler metals on the market, meeting their industrial application requirements.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel-based interlayer alloy material for welding, characterized in that, The nickel-based intermediate alloy material, by weight percentage, comprises: 8.0%~10.5% Cr, 7.0%~10.5% Co, 3.0%~6.0% Mn, 0.3%~2.5% Mo, 3.5%~5.0% W, 4.0%~5.0% Al, 3.5%~4.0% Nb, 2.0%~6.0% Ti, 1.5%~3.5% Re, 0.8%~1.2% B, and the balance being nickel.

2. The nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel-based intermediate alloy material, by weight percentage, comprises: 8.5%~10.0% Cr, 8.5%~10.0% Co, 3.5%~4.5% Mn, 1.5%~2.0% Mo, 3.5%~5.0% W, 4.0%~5.0% Al, 3.5%~4.0% Nb, 4.0%~5.0% Ti, 2.0%~3.0% Re, 0.8%~1.2% B, and the balance being nickel.

3. The nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel-based intermediate alloy material is in the form of a foil strip.

4. The nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel-based intermediate alloy material has a thickness of 40~60µm and a width of 10~50mm.

5. The method for preparing the nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw materials for the preparation of the chemical composition of the nickel-based intermediate alloy material are mixed and smelted.

6. The method for preparing the nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The melting is carried out in an induction vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum degree of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -3 ~8×10 -3 Pa, inert gas is introduced for protection, and the mixture is heated to 1350~1450℃. The raw material is heated to a molten state and held at that temperature for 25~30 minutes. Then it is poured into the melting furnace.

7. The method for preparing the nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 6, characterized in that, This includes processing alloy ingots produced by smelting into foil strips using rapid quenching technology; Prior to the rapid quenching technology, the alloy ingot prepared by vacuum melting is also cut and polished; The rapid quenching technology includes remelting the alloy ingot, holding it at a certain temperature, and then spraying the remelted melt onto the surface of a copper roller to form a strip.

8. The method for preparing the nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The alloy ingot is remelted and held at a constant temperature for 5-10 minutes after complete melting. The linear speed of the copper roller is set to 30-50 m / s, and the spray pressure of the remelted melt is set to 0.04-0.06 MPa.

9. The application of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material prepared by the preparation method of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 or as described in any one of claims 5 to 8 in cemented carbide-nickel-based superalloy welding.

10. The application of the nickel-based interlayer alloy material according to claim 9, characterized in that, The welding temperature is 1200~1300℃, the welding pressure is 0.05~0.5MPa, and the holding time is 20~50min.

Images