A method for continuous extrusion forming and laser texturing synchronous processing profile

Abstract

The application relates to a method for synchronously machining a profile by continuous extrusion and laser texturing, and belongs to the field of material manufacturing. (1) blank preparation: a metal capable of plastic forming is prepared in the form of a blank; (2) a laser texturing composite die is used, a hollow core shaft is arranged at the center of an extrusion cavity of continuous extrusion, the core shaft is used for leading in an optical fiber, a head of the optical fiber is connected with a laser light source, a light transmission window is arranged on a wall of the core shaft corresponding to the laser light source, and the core shaft simultaneously penetrates through the center of a male die; (3) through a control system, the male die is first pushed and extruded, then the laser is started, and the inner cavity surface is synchronously laser textured while the male die extrudes the inner cavity surface. The application realizes synchronous texturing of the laser on the inner cavity surface while the die extrudes the inner cavity surface, improves the processing speed of a functional surface of the profile, and realizes various functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for simultaneously processing profiles by continuous extrusion molding and laser texturing, belonging to the field of materials manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Laser microtexturing (laser structuring / laser micro etching) has developed rapidly in recent years and is an important method for constructing functional surface structures. However, to construct micro- and nano-structures on surfaces, laser microtexturing technology generally uses methods such as chemical methods, imprinting, photolithography, and laser engraving. Chemical methods use chemical reagents; imprinting, photolithography, and laser engraving all suffer from low yield and high cost, making it impossible to achieve mass production and cost reduction.

[0003] For most metals and their composites, extrusion molding followed by laser processing is possible, but this method is inefficient and energy-intensive. Furthermore, the internal cavity cannot be laser-textured.

[0004] The profiles that can be processed include functionalized heat sink profiles and phase change cold plate heat transfer profiles; they can also be used for the processing of components of functional devices such as radiators, evaporators, condensers, light-absorbing plates, microchannel guide plates, and sample feeders. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for simultaneously processing profiles by continuous extrusion molding and laser texturing, combining the two processes to form a functional and structural integrated profile at high speed and high efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, this invention integrates laser processing into the extrusion molding process, replacing the existing process of first extruding and then laser processing. By embedding a light-transmitting, wear-resistant, and non-sticky light-transmitting window into the extrusion die, it is possible to process functional and structurally integrated profiles at high speed and efficiency.

[0007] The method of this invention uses a composite mechanism that differs from existing equipment, and the specific process is as follows.

[0008] (1) Blank preparation: Prepare the metal that can be plastically formed in the form of a blank;

[0009] (2) Using a laser-textured composite mold, a hollow mandrel is provided in the center of the extrusion cavity of the continuous extrusion molding. The mandrel is used to introduce optical fibers. The head of the optical fiber is connected to a laser source. A light-transmitting window is installed on the wall of the mandrel corresponding to the laser source. The mandrel passes through the center of the punch.

[0010] (3) By controlling the system, the punch is pushed first, and then the laser is started. While the punch is pressing the surface of the inner cavity, the laser simultaneously textures the surface of the inner cavity.

[0011] The light-transmitting window described in this invention can be a wear-resistant light-transmitting window coated with sapphire or other materials.

[0012] This invention employs optical fibers, a beam splitter, and an optical shaping system to introduce laser light into the extrusion die. A laser microtexturing processing system is integrated into the extrusion die, directing the laser source inside. During extrusion, the blank is pushed, and the extrusion die and laser processing work collaboratively. By fully utilizing the heating and phase change effects of pressure processing, the laser simultaneously textures the inner cavity surface while the die is extruding it, increasing the processing speed of functional surfaces of the profile. Various functions (one or more combined) can be achieved through laser texturing, such as super-wetting, anti-icing, self-cleaning, super-blackening, antibacterial, anti-corrosion, wave absorption, super-slip, and wear resistance.

[0013] The difference between this invention and existing laser shock embossing technology lies in the fact that the physical mechanism of laser shock embossing is laser shock wave pressure (requiring extremely high laser single pulse energy). This invention, however, does not utilize shock wave pressure; instead, it utilizes subtractive processing effects such as laser ablation and texturing. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This invention uses a schematic diagram of the device structure.

[0015] Figure 2 This invention uses a device in the vicinity of a molded part. (Partial schematic diagram)

[0016] In the diagram, 1-optical fiber, 2-mandrel, 3-punch, 4-extrusion cavity, 5-blank, 6-formed part, 7-laser, 8-laser source, 9-light transmission window. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This invention provides a method for simultaneously processing profiles by continuous extrusion molding and laser texturing, the process of which is as follows:

[0018] (1) Blank preparation: Prepare the metal that can be plastically formed in the form of a blank;

[0019] (2) Using a laser-textured composite mold, a hollow mandrel is provided in the center of the extrusion cavity of the continuous extrusion molding. The mandrel is used to introduce optical fibers. The head of the optical fiber is connected to a laser source. A light-transmitting window is installed on the wall of the mandrel corresponding to the laser source. The mandrel passes through the center of the punch.

[0020] (3) By controlling the system, the punch is pushed first, and then the laser is started. While the punch is pressing the surface of the inner cavity, the laser simultaneously textures the surface of the inner cavity.

[0021] A more detailed description is as follows:

[0022] a. Blank Preparation. Commonly used metals that can be plastically formed can be prepared in the form of blanks suitable for general plastic forming, such as alloys and composites of copper, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, silver, and steel. Blank shapes: medium-thick plates, thick bars, and rough blanks suitable for molds, etc.

[0023] b. Laser-textured / extrusion composite mold. A suitable laser processing head is integrated into the extrusion molding mold system. Using fiber optics, a beam splitter, and an optical shaping system, the laser is introduced into the extrusion mold. A transparent, wear-resistant, and non-stick window is built into the extrusion mold to guide the laser into the mold's interior or exterior, enabling processing from localized surfaces or nearby areas, as shown in the figure. This can create a closed-structure internal surface texture, achieving functionalization such as super-wetting, anti-icing, self-cleaning, ultra-black, antibacterial, anti-corrosion, wave absorption, super-slip, and wear resistance.

[0024] c. Process Flow. Through the control system, the punch is first pushed, then the laser is activated, with the die and laser working in tandem. A pulsed laser (pulse width 0.1 femtoseconds (fs) - 0.1 seconds (s), repetition rate 10 GHz - 1 kHz) or continuous laser is focused on the front or middle section of the extrusion deformation, so that the laser and stress act simultaneously on the front and middle sections of the blank, and continuous extrusion molding is performed to complete surface functionalization.

[0025] d. Post-processing: online heat treatment, cooling, and packaging.

[0026] Example 1. Laser-etched hybrid extrusion forming of locally capillary transport grooved cold-rolled profiles or heat sinks.

[0027] 1-a. Blank preparation. Such as alloys and composites of copper, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, silver, etc.; Blank shape: hot-rolled round bars or pre-shaped blanks. Homogenization annealing heat treatment.

[0028] 1-b Laser Etching and Extrusion Composite Die System. This system employs a light-guiding system, a beam splitter, a shaping subsystem, and a light-transmitting window to introduce the laser into the extrusion die mandrel. This forms multiple shaping beams, guiding the laser into the die interior and distributing it across the functional surfaces perpendicular to the discharge direction. A localized protection system is also included. The laser control system and die motion control system are integrated for overall control, forming a multi-beam / shaping laser extrusion molding system.

[0029] 1-c Process Flow. During forming, the central control system activates the extrusion die first, followed by the optical path. The laser beam is evenly distributed in a ring around the mandrel's light-transmitting window. The laser pulse width is 10 fs-2000 ns, the repetition frequency is 5 kHz-500 MHz, and the average power is 20 W-1000 W, acting on the inner cavity of the blank. Simultaneously, the punch continuously extrudes, extending the material into the grooved inner surface of the profile. The forming linear speed is adjustable from 10 m / s to 0.2 cm / s. Graphite, SiO2, etc., are used as lubricants.

[0030] 1-d composite heat treatment. In-line tempering followed by in-line air cooling.

[0031] Example 2. Laser-textured hybrid drawing: Hydrophobic / hydrophilic textured anti-icing profiles and rods.

[0032] 2-a. Blank preparation. Such as alloys and composites of copper, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, silver, etc.; Blank shape: round bar. Homogenization annealing heat treatment.

[0033] The 2-b laser-textured drawing composite die system employs a light-guiding system, a beam-splitting path, and a shaping subsystem to introduce laser light into the drawing die. This forms multiple shaping beams, guiding the laser light into the interior of the drawing die and distributing it perpendicular to the material discharge direction across functionally corresponding windows on the die surface. The laser control system and the die motion control system are integrated for overall control, forming a multi-beam / shaping laser drawing forming system.

[0034] 2-c Process Flow. During forming, the central control system controls the optical path and mold to start at the appropriate time. The laser is evenly distributed from the laser source to the mold. When the pulsed laser (pulse width 0.1fs-0.1s, repetition frequency 10kHz-1GHz, average power 20W-2000W) acts on the blank, the laser-textured rod surface is simultaneously extended into a wire with a textured pattern. The forming linear speed is adjustable from 22m / s to 0.2cm / s. Organic oil, graphite, SiO2, etc., can be used as lubricants.

[0035] 2-D composite heat treatment. In-line tempering followed by in-line air cooling, protective film coating, and bundled packaging.

[0036] Example 3. Laser selective texture / extrusion molding of internally hydrophilic / hydrophobic reinforced heat transfer profiles

[0037] 3-a. Blank preparation. Such as alloys and composites of copper, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, silver, etc.; Blank shape: Hot-rolled round bars or pre-shaped blanks. Homogenization annealing heat treatment.

[0038] 3-b Laser Textured Composite Die System. This system employs a light-guiding system, a beam-splitting path, and a shaping subsystem to introduce laser light into the extrusion die. Multiple shaping beams are formed and guided into the die's interior, distributed around the mandrel perpendicular to the discharge direction. The laser control system and die motion control system are integrated for overall control, forming a multi-beam / shaping laser extrusion molding system.

[0039] 3-c Process Flow. During forming, the central control system activates the extrusion die first, followed by the optical path. The laser is evenly distributed from the laser source to the light exit window at the front of the mandrel. A pulsed laser with a frequency of 5 picoseconds (ps) to 50 fs, a repetition rate of 50 kHz to 0.2 MHz, and a single pulse energy of 0.5 mJ to 0.04 uJ is applied to a selected area on the inner surface of the blank cavity. Simultaneously, the laser-textured inner surface extends into a textured profile cavity. The forming linear speed is adjustable from 10 m / s to 0.2 cm / s. Nano-graphite powder can be used as a lubricant.

[0040] 3-D composite heat treatment. In-line tempering followed by in-line air cooling.

Claims

1. A method for simultaneously processing profiles by continuous extrusion molding and laser texturing, characterized in that, The specific process is as follows: (1) Blank preparation: Prepare the metal that can be plastically formed in the form of a blank; (2) Using a laser textured composite mold, a hollow mandrel is provided in the center of the extrusion cavity of the continuous extrusion molding. The mandrel is used to introduce optical fibers. The head of the optical fiber is connected to a laser source. A light-transmitting window is installed on the wall of the mandrel corresponding to the laser source. The mandrel passes through the center of the punch at the same time. (3) By controlling the system, the punch is pushed first, and then the laser is started. While the punch is pressing the surface of the inner cavity, the laser simultaneously textures the surface of the inner cavity.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting window is made of sapphire-coated wear-resistant material.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the metal is copper, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, silver, steel or a composite material thereof.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the billet is in the form of a medium-thick plate, a thick bar, or a rough blank.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the laser source is a pulsed laser or a continuous laser.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pulsed laser has a pulse width of 0.1 femtosecond to 0.1 second and a repetition rate of 10 GHz to 1 kHz.

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