Prefabricated PC prefabricated stair plate installation construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fabricated building, and specifically discloses a kind of installation construction method of fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, comprising the following steps: step S1, according to the elevation of stair in fabricated concrete structure building, respectively install upper stair beam and lower stair beam of stair;Step S2, hoist fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate between upper stair beam and lower stair beam;Step S3, install the baffle that is adapted to the cross section of fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate between upper stair beam and lower stair beam;Step S4, repeat step S2 and step S3, until multiple fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate and baffle combination form stair in fabricated concrete structure building;Step S5, fill the gap between fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, baffle and upper stair beam and lower stair beam, and the installation construction of fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is completed, and the present application has the advantages of low demand for tower crane tonnage, high safety in construction process and easy to calibrate position.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings, and discloses a fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate installation construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fabricated concrete structure building refers to a concrete structure building designed and constructed through on-site assembly by mainly using factory-produced reinforced concrete prefabricated components. The fabricated concrete structure building is generally divided into two categories: full-fabricated buildings and partially fabricated buildings. The full-fabricated building is generally a low-rise or a multi-story building with low seismic fortification requirements. The main prefabricated components of the partially fabricated building are generally prefabricated components, which are connected through cast-in-place concrete on site to form a building with a fabricated monolithic structure. Since the prefabricated components are produced in a large scale in a factory, the production quality is good, and the efficiency is high. Meanwhile, the on-site assembly construction of the prefabricated components has many advantages such as water and energy saving, low labor cost and short construction period.

[0003] The fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is one of the structural components in the fabricated concrete structure building, and is a prefabricated concrete stair structure produced in a factory. Compared with the traditional cast-in-place concrete stair structure, the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is simpler to construct, has lower cost and shorter construction period.

[0004] In the existing installation and construction process of the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, a lifting ring is generally installed on the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, and then a tower crane is used to hoist the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, and the position of the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is calibrated by manual work, so that the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate corresponds to the stair beam, and the installation of the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is completed. However, since the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is integrally formed by pouring, the whole plate has the characteristics of large span and high weight. In addition, due to the high floor height and wide stair design width of some fabricated concrete structure buildings, the weight of the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate is further increased. The high-weight fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate not only means that a tower crane with higher tonnage is needed, which increases the construction cost, but also makes the hoisting of the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate more fragile, so that multiple lifting rings are needed as the load-bearing structure for hoisting the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, so as to prevent the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate from being broken during installation and causing safety accidents. This undoubtedly increases the workload of installing and constructing the fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate, and the large-span and high-weight fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate also increases the difficulty of position calibration for the workers. Therefore, the inventor provides a fabricated PC prefabricated stair plate installation construction method to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated PC stair slab installation method that has low requirements for tower crane tonnage, high safety during construction, and facilitates position calibration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention provides a method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Based on the elevation of the staircase in the prefabricated concrete structure building, install the upper and lower staircase beams respectively.

[0008] Step S2: Hoist the prefabricated PC stair slab between the upper and lower stair beams;

[0009] Step S3: Install a partition plate that is adapted to the cross-section of the prefabricated PC stair slab between the upper and lower stair beams.

[0010] Step S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until multiple prefabricated PC stair slabs and partitions are combined to form a staircase in a prefabricated concrete structure building.

[0011] Step S5: Fill the gaps between the prefabricated PC stair slab, the partition, the upper stair beam, and the lower stair beam. The installation of the prefabricated PC stair slab is now complete.

[0012] The principle and effect of this basic scheme are as follows:

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention sequentially installs prefabricated PC stair slabs and partitions, allowing multiple prefabricated PC stair slabs and partitions to form the stair structure in prefabricated concrete buildings. This effectively reduces the weight of individual prefabricated PC stair slabs, thereby reducing the tonnage requirement for tower cranes, improving the convenience of installation, and facilitating on-site personnel to calibrate the positions of the prefabricated PC stair slabs. Furthermore, since each prefabricated PC stair slab forms an independent load-bearing unit, and adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs are separated by partitions, the installation and use of each prefabricated PC stair slab do not affect each other. This ensures that the staircase installed using this invention can maintain good performance in emergency situations.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the prefabricated PC stair slab includes a base, a stepped portion on the upper surface of the base, and connecting portions at both ends of the base. The stepped portion is uniformly provided with a plurality of lifting holes penetrating the stepped portion, and the axis of the lifting holes is perpendicular to the direction of the staircase in the prefabricated concrete structure. Providing lifting holes not only reduces the weight of a single prefabricated PC stair slab, facilitating construction and installation, but also allows for the use of tower cranes and ropes to lift the prefabricated PC stair slab. Compared to the traditional method of installing lifting rings on the prefabricated PC stair slab, this invention makes the lifting process of the prefabricated PC stair slab more convenient. Additionally, providing lifting holes reduces the amount of concrete used during the production of the prefabricated PC stair slab, thus reducing production costs.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, both the upper and lower ladder beams are provided with ladder grooves adapted to the connection parts of the prefabricated PC stair slabs. Each ladder groove has several mounting holes that mate with each prefabricated PC stair slab. Positioning bolts are installed in each mounting hole, with the height of the positioning bolts extending beyond the mounting hole being less than the thickness of the connection part of the prefabricated PC stair slab. Each connection part of the prefabricated PC stair slab has positioning holes adapted to the mounting holes. In step S5, the positioning holes and mounting holes are filled. This design facilitates the installation and mating of the prefabricated PC stair slabs with the upper and lower ladder beams, and avoids the problem of increasing construction steps by grinding the positioning bolts later.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, one side wall of the partition is provided with positioning blocks that are respectively adapted to the lifting holes. Each positioning block of the partition is inserted into one side of the lifting hole to complete the installation and fixing of the partition. By setting the positioning blocks, it is easier to position and install the partition using prefabricated PC stair slabs, improving the fit between the prefabricated PC stair slabs and the partition.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the positioning block includes a frame adapted to the mounting hole and a sound-absorbing panel installed inside the frame, with one end of the sound-absorbing panel extending beyond the end of the frame. The frame and positioning block cooperate to not only position the partition but also provide an installation base for the sound-absorbing panel, allowing it to be placed into the mounting hole. Because the mounting hole results in a hollow structure inside the prefabricated PC stair slab, noise is easily generated when stepping on the stairs. Placing a sound-absorbing panel inside the mounting hole can effectively reduce this noise.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, several elastic strips are evenly distributed around the perimeter of the frame away from the partition. A casting groove is formed on the top of the partition, and these grooves communicate with the top of the frame. When the partition is installed, the elastic strips seal the gap between the frame and the lifting hole. In step S5, the casting groove is filled to connect and fix the partition to the prefabricated PC stair slab. Setting elastic strips to seal the gap between the frame and the lifting hole not only makes the connection between the frame and the lifting hole more stable but also creates a closed casting environment, facilitating subsequent casting of the groove. This completely fixes the partition to the prefabricated PC stair slab without damaging the original structure of the lifting hole.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the elastic strip is made of columnar sound-absorbing cotton. This further improves the noise reduction effect within the lifting hole.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, a soft plate is provided on the side of the partition away from the positioning block. Providing a soft plate not only facilitates the installation between adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs, but also prevents the prefabricated PC stair slabs and partition from cracking due to mutual compression after thermal expansion.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the thickness of the flexible board increases sequentially from top to bottom. This arrangement not only assists in positioning adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs during installation but also facilitates subsequent compaction to prevent gaps between the partition and adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the height of the partition is 1-2 mm lower than the height of the prefabricated PC stair slab, creating a buffer gap between the tops of adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs. In step S5, the buffer gap is filled with adhesive. This arrangement avoids the need for subsequent grinding of the partition due to errors in the manufacturing process, and the buffer gap also prevents adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs from being crushed. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the stair structure after construction using a prefabricated PC stair slab installation method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a prefabricated PC stair slab in an installation method for prefabricated PC stair slabs proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the prefabricated PC stair slab and the stair beam in a prefabricated PC stair slab installation method proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a partition plate in a prefabricated PC stair slab installation method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 This application illustrates a method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs according to an embodiment. Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of part A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0030] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: upper ladder beam 1, lower ladder beam 2, prefabricated PC stair slab 3, base 301, step 302, hoisting hole 303, connecting part 304, ladder groove 4, positioning hole 5, partition 6, positioning bolt 7, frame 8, elastic strip 9, sound-absorbing board 10, and casting groove 11.

[0031] A method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S1: Based on the elevation of the staircase in the prefabricated concrete structure building, install the upper stair beam 1 and the lower stair beam 2 respectively, such as... Figure 1 As shown, both the upper ladder beam 1 and the lower ladder beam 2 have ladder grooves 4 at their ends. Multiple mounting holes are evenly arranged on the ladder grooves 4, and positioning bolts 7 are installed in each mounting hole. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the upper ladder beam 1 and the lower ladder beam 2 are only relative to the prefabricated PC stair slabs to be installed. That is, the one located at the top of the prefabricated PC stair slabs to be installed is the upper ladder beam 1, and the one located at the bottom of the prefabricated PC stair slabs to be installed is the lower ladder beam 2. During construction, the same ladder beam may be used as the upper ladder beam 1 or the lower ladder beam 2 for different prefabricated PC stair slabs.

[0033] Step S2, hoist the prefabricated PC stair slab between the upper stair beam 1 and the lower stair beam 2. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 2As shown, the prefabricated PC stair slab includes a base 301, a step portion 302 on the upper surface of the base 301, and connecting portions 304 at both ends of the base 301. The base 301 is inclined, and this inclination is the inclination of the staircase after construction. During the production of the prefabricated PC stair slab, steel bars are embedded in the base 301 as support. Each step surface of the step portion 302 is evenly provided with several lifting holes 303 that penetrate the step portion 302 from front to back, i.e., the axis of the lifting hole 303... The lifting holes 303, perpendicular to the direction of the stairs in the prefabricated concrete structure, can reduce the weight of the prefabricated PC stair slabs and lower their production costs. Furthermore, when lifting the prefabricated PC stair slabs, multiple ropes can be passed through multiple lifting holes 303, replacing the traditional method of using lifting rings on the slabs. This eliminates the need for later removal or backfilling of the lifting rings, simplifying the installation process. Figure 3 As shown, each of the connecting parts 304 is provided with a positioning hole 5 that matches the mounting hole. The depth of the positioning hole 5 is greater than the height of the positioning bolt 7 extending out of the mounting hole, so that when backfilling the positioning hole 5 and the mounting hole, it is no longer necessary to grind the end of the positioning bolt 7, which further simplifies the installation process.

[0034] Step S3, install partition 6 between upper ladder beam 1 and lower ladder beam 2, such as Figure 4 As shown, the height of partition 6 is 1-2mm lower than the height of prefabricated PC stair slab 3. One side of partition 6 has a soft board with increasing thickness from top to bottom. The other side wall of partition 6 has multiple positioning blocks that are respectively adapted to the lifting holes 303, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the positioning block includes a frame 8 adapted to the lifting hole 303 and a sound-absorbing plate 10 installed inside the frame 8. One end of the sound-absorbing plate 10 extends out of the end of the frame 8. Multiple mounting grooves are evenly opened on the periphery of the end of the frame 8. Elastic strips 9 are respectively installed in the mounting grooves. In this embodiment, the elastic strips 9 are made of columnar sound-absorbing cotton. A casting groove 11 is opened on the top of the partition 6. The casting groove 11 is connected to the top of the frame 8. Each positioning block of the partition 6 is inserted into one side of the lifting hole 303. The partition 6 is then tapped with a tool to make the positioning frame fit tightly with the lifting hole 303. This achieves the purpose of the positioning block being fully inserted into the lifting hole 303 and the elastic strips 9 sealing the gap between the frame 8 and the lifting hole 303, thereby completing the installation and fixing of the partition 6.

[0035] Step S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until multiple prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 and partitions 6 are combined to form a staircase in a prefabricated concrete structure building. When installing the next prefabricated PC stair slab 3, the structure of the soft board increasing in size from top to bottom can play an auxiliary positioning role. A buffer gap higher than the partition 6 is formed between the tops of adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs 3. Due to the setting of the soft board, when the rope needs to be disassembled after the next prefabricated PC stair slab 3 is hoisted, it can be disassembled by squeezing the soft board, avoiding the fact that the distance between the partition and the prefabricated PC stair slab 3 is too small and squeezes the rope, making it difficult to disassemble the rope.

[0036] Step S5: Fill the installation holes, positioning holes 5 and pouring grooves 11 with mortar, and fill the gaps between the prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 and partitions 6 and the upper and lower stair beams 1 and 2 that are caused by construction allowance dimensions or construction errors. Then fill the buffer gaps with adhesive, thus completing the installation of the prefabricated PC stair slabs 3.

[0037] Taking a top-down view of the stairs as an example, in this embodiment, the thickness of the multiple sound-absorbing cottons decreases sequentially from left to right along the installation direction of the stairs. Correspondingly, in steps S3 and S4, the size of the positioning block of the partition 6 can be reduced sequentially. For sound-absorbing cotton of the same material, its sound absorption effect can increase with the increase of thickness. At the same time, as a flexible material, sound-absorbing cotton can play a certain role in mitigating impact, effectively converting rigid impact into flexible impact. Correspondingly, its impact resistance also increases with the increase of thickness. It can be understood that within a certain range, the overall impact mitigation ability of sound-absorbing cotton is proportional to its sound absorption ability. In this embodiment, in the common usage range, pedestrians usually walk on the right when using stairs. Taking a top-down view of the stairs as an example, when going upstairs, pedestrians pass... Pedestrians typically walk on the right side of stairs when going up, while walking on the left side when going down. When going up, the sound generated when pedestrians overcome their own weight and come into contact with the stairs is lower, causing less damage to muscles and bones. However, when going down, the sound generated when pedestrians come into contact with the stairs is higher due to their own weight acting in the forward direction, causing greater damage to muscles and bones. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned arrangement makes the sound-absorbing cotton on the left side of the staircase have a strong sound absorption effect and a strong impact mitigation effect, which can effectively assist pedestrians going downstairs in providing a buffer. Although the sound absorption effect on the right side is reduced, the rigidity support capacity is enhanced, which can better support pedestrians going upstairs. Therefore, it is more suitable for use, providing better protection and sound insulation for pedestrians and the surrounding environment, while also reducing the cost of using sound-absorbing cotton.

[0038] Multiple prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 and partitions 6 are combined to form the stair structure in a prefabricated concrete building. This effectively reduces the weight of a single prefabricated PC stair slab 3, thereby reducing the tonnage requirement for tower cranes, improving the convenience of installation and construction of the prefabricated PC stair slab 3, and facilitating on-site construction personnel to calibrate the position of the prefabricated PC stair slab 3. At the same time, the partitions 6 can prevent adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 from cracking due to mutual compression after thermal expansion.

[0039] Since each prefabricated PC stair slab 3 forms an independent load-bearing support unit, and adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 are separated by partitions 6, the installation and use of each prefabricated PC stair slab 3 do not affect each other. When one or more prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 break, the broken prefabricated PC stair slab 3 will not affect the adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs 3, so that the unaffected prefabricated PC stair slabs 3 can maintain normal performance. This effectively isolates the occurrence of accidents and provides favorable escape conditions for people in the building in emergency situations.

[0040] The lifting hole 303 not only reduces the weight of a single precast PC stair slab 3 for easier construction and installation, but also allows for the use of tower cranes and ropes to lift the precast PC stair slab 3. Compared to the traditional method of installing lifting rings on the precast PC stair slab 3, this invention makes the lifting process of the precast PC stair slab 3 more convenient. Furthermore, the lifting hole 303 reduces the amount of concrete used during the production of the precast PC stair slab 3, thus lowering production costs. However, the lifting hole 303 will create a cavity inside the precast PC stair slab 3, causing noise when stepped on. The positioning frame, sound-absorbing plate 10, and sound-absorbing cotton in this invention can effectively suppress this noise and also connect the partition 6 and the precast PC stair slab 3, allowing them to form an integral staircase structure.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Install the upper and lower stair beams of the staircase according to the elevation of the staircase in the prefabricated concrete structure building. Step S2: Hoist the prefabricated PC stair slab between the upper and lower stair beams. The prefabricated PC stair slab includes a base, a step portion on the upper surface of the base, and connecting portions at both ends of the base. The step portion is evenly provided with a plurality of hoisting holes penetrating the step portion. The axis of the hoisting holes is perpendicular to the stair direction in the prefabricated concrete structure building. Step S3: Install a partition plate adapted to the cross-section of the prefabricated PC stair slab between the upper and lower stair beams. One side wall of the partition plate is provided with positioning blocks adapted to the lifting holes. Insert each positioning block of the partition plate into one side of the lifting hole to complete the installation and fixation of the partition plate. Each positioning block includes a frame adapted to the lifting hole and a sound-absorbing plate installed within the frame. One end of the sound-absorbing plate extends beyond the end of the frame. Several elastic strips are evenly distributed around the perimeter of the frame away from the partition plate. A casting groove is opened at the top of the partition plate, and the casting groove communicates with the top of the frame. When the partition plate is installed, the elastic strips seal the gap between the frame and the lifting hole. Step S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until multiple prefabricated PC stair slabs and partitions are combined to form a staircase in a prefabricated concrete structure building. Step S5: Fill the gaps between the prefabricated PC stair slab, the partition, the upper stair beam, and the lower stair beam, and pour and fill the pouring groove to achieve the connection and fixation between the partition and the prefabricated PC stair slab. The installation of the prefabricated PC stair slab is completed.

2. The method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, both the upper and lower ladder beams are provided with ladder grooves that are adapted to the connection parts of the prefabricated PC stair slabs. Each ladder groove has several mounting holes that mate with each prefabricated PC stair slab. Each mounting hole is fitted with a positioning bolt. The height of the positioning bolt extending out of the mounting hole is lower than the thickness of the connection part of the prefabricated PC stair slab. Each connection part of the prefabricated PC stair slab is provided with positioning holes that are adapted to the mounting holes. In step S5, the positioning holes and the mounting holes are filled.

3. The method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the elastic strip is a columnar sound-absorbing cotton.

4. A method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In step S3, a soft plate is provided on the side of the partition away from the positioning block.

5. The method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the thickness of the flexible plate increases sequentially from top to bottom.

6. A method for installing prefabricated PC stair slabs according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, In step S4, the height of the partition is 1-2 mm lower than the height of the prefabricated PC stair slab, so that a buffer gap is formed between the tops of adjacent prefabricated PC stair slabs. In step S5, the buffer gap is filled with adhesive.

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