A high-efficiency controllable vibration processing method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-efficiency controllable direct preparation microstructured metal fiber vibration processing method, comprising the following steps: specific vibration trajectory and feed motion trajectory are applied to tool, and the cutting plane of the workpiece to be machined is cut by tool, wherein the plane where vibration trajectory is located is perpendicular to the cutting plane of the workpiece to be machined and perpendicular to the feed direction of tool, vibration trajectory and feed motion trajectory are coupled, so that tool cuts into the workpiece to be machined in the first half of each vibration period of vibration trajectory, pushes and shoves part of material to form surface microtexture, gradually feeds in the second half of each vibration period of vibration trajectory until leaving the workpiece to be machined, and microstructured metal fiber with secondary structure is taken out.The application can directly prepare microstructured metal fiber, with high efficiency and low cost, while the surface microstructure characteristics of metal fiber can be conveniently and effectively controlled, and the microstructured metal fiber processed has application potential.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microstructured metal fiber manufacturing, in particular to a vibration processing method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers with high efficiency and controllability. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of current social technology, there is a more urgent demand for micro-nano scale parts and systems in many fields such as national defense, electronics, chemistry, medicine, and even people's daily life. Among them, the multi-level micro-nano structure based on metal fibers has a wide application potential in many fields due to its advantages such as multi-adjustable structure gradient, flexibility, lightweight, and unique physical and chemical properties. For example, using stainless steel fiber felt with multi-level structure for high-performance oil-water separation, using copper fiber multi-level micro-nano structure as a catalyst carrier for hydrogen production from methanol, using multi-level fiber structure for seawater desalination, and using microstructured fibers to prepare flexible electronic sensors.

[0003] Therefore, the manufacturing of metal fibers and their corresponding multi-level structures has great research value as the basis for related field research and application. For multi-level micro-nano structures, the current common method is to process metal fibers without secondary microstructures and then further construct multi-level structures using self-assembly, chemical treatment, etc. For the processing of ordinary metal fibers, the current methods used in the industry mainly include drawing, cutting, and metal melting high-temperature spraying. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and application scope, but when used to prepare multi-level micro-nano structures, they all need to be further processed using physical and chemical methods or biological methods, which requires more cost and may cause pollution or even harm in the process.

[0004] Therefore, directly obtaining metal fibers with secondary microstructures and then assembling them becomes a very promising preparation method. Some researchers have developed a direct imprinting thermal drawing (DITD) technology, which uses a patterned roller to imprint on the surface of the fiber during thermal drawing to achieve any designed surface microstructure. However, this method is low in efficiency and relatively high in cost, and it is mainly applied to resin materials, and its application to metal materials is more of a theoretical prospect. Secondly, there is an improved cutting method that controls the degree of shear deformation by designing a cutting tool to obtain metal fibers with fin-shaped secondary microstructures, but the secondary structure of the fibers processed by this method is relatively simple, and it is difficult to achieve control and optimization of the microstructure characteristics.

[0005] In summary, there is still no efficient, flexible, and controllable technical solution for the direct manufacturing of microstructured metal fibers. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency controllable vibration machining method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers, which can directly prepare microstructured metal fibers, has high efficiency and low cost, and can conveniently and effectively regulate the microstructure characteristics of the metal fiber surface, and the microstructured metal fibers processed have application potential.

[0007] The high-efficiency controllable vibration machining method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers according to the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0008] A specific vibration trajectory and a feed motion trajectory are applied to a tool of a machining device, and the tool is used to cut a to-be-cut plane of a workpiece to be machined, wherein the plane where the vibration trajectory is located is perpendicular to the to-be-cut plane of the workpiece to be machined and perpendicular to the feed direction of the tool, the vibration trajectory and the feed motion trajectory are coupled, the tool cuts into the workpiece to be machined in the first half of each vibration period of the vibration trajectory, pushes and shoves part of the material to form surface micro-texture, gradually feeds in the second half of each vibration period of the vibration trajectory until the tool leaves the workpiece to be machined, and microstructured metal fibers with secondary structures are taken out.

[0009] The high-efficiency controllable vibration machining method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers according to the embodiment of the present application, on one hand, applies a specific vibration trajectory to a tool and maps the vibration trajectory to a chip defined in a general machining process, and the chip continuously forms microstructured metal fibers, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to directly prepare microstructured metal fibers by using the existing machining technology, and the process in the present application is based on the vibration machining principle and has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency and low cost; on the other hand, the problem of conveniently and effectively regulating the microstructure characteristics of the metal fiber surface is solved; and on the third hand, the application potential of the microstructured metal fibers is verified by giving an experiment of directly sintering microstructured copper fibers to realize oil-water separation based on special wettability.

[0010] In some embodiments, by regulating the vibration trajectory, tool parameters of the tool and machining parameters, microstructured metal fibers with different characteristic sizes are obtained.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tool parameters of the tool include a tool tip angle, a tool clearance angle and a tool profile shape; and the machining parameters include a feed speed and a cutting depth of the tool.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tool is fixed on a vibration device of the machining device, the vibration device comprises an amplification device and two piezoelectric stacks perpendicular to each other, the vibration displacement output by the two piezoelectric stacks is controlled by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the input electric signals of the two piezoelectric stacks, and the vibrations of the two piezoelectric stacks are finally coupled into the vibration trajectory through the amplification device.

[0013] In some embodiments, spatial coordinates are established for the workpiece being machined, the vibration trajectory is located in an xy plane, a plane to be cut of the workpiece being machined is located in an xz plane, and a tool feed direction is an z-axis direction, and required input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks satisfy the following relationship:

[0014]

[0015] where X, Y, and φ are maximum amplitudes of the tool in x and y and a phase difference of vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks, respectively; U L , U R , ψ are voltage amplitudes and a phase difference of input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks, respectively; a XL , a XR , a YL , a YR , δ XL , δ XR , δ YL , δ YR is a magnitude and a phase coefficient of conversion of input electrical signals into vibration displacement, and is obtained by carrying out vibration tests at different frequencies.

[0016] In some embodiments, the vibration trajectory is an elliptical trajectory.

[0017] In some embodiments, the maximum amplitudes of the tool in x and y and the phase difference of vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks are as follows:

[0018]

[0019] where X, Y, and φ are maximum amplitudes of the tool in x and y and a phase difference of vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks, respectively, a is a semi-major axis of the elliptical trajectory, b is a semi-minor axis of the elliptical trajectory, and θ is an angle between the semi-major axis of the elliptical trajectory and the x-axis.

[0020] In some embodiments, a feed speed of the tool satisfies the following relationship:

[0021] V c = fd;

[0022] where V c is the feed speed of the tool, f is a frequency of the vibration trajectory, and d is a microstructure period of the microstructured metal fiber.

[0023] In some embodiments, a length of the microstructured metal fiber satisfies the following relationship:

[0024] l = V c t;

[0025] wherein l is the length of the microstructured metal fiber, V c is the feed speed of the tool, t is the machining time.

[0026] In some embodiments, the width of the microstructured metal fiber satisfies the following relationship:

[0027]

[0028] wherein w is the width of the microstructured metal fiber, DOC is the depth of cut of the tool, is the tool nose angle of the tool.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1a is a front view of the tool in the present application;

[0032] Figure 1b is a side view of the tool in the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the vibration device structure in the present application;

[0034] Figure 3a and Figure 3b is a schematic view of the microstructured metal fiber machining principle in the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the microstructured metal fiber shape and its structural characteristic parameters in the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the actual machining result of the microstructured metal fiber in the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the oil-water separation experiment of the microstructured metal fiber in the present application.

[0038] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0039] Tool 1; tool head 101; tool base body 102; tool nose angle Tool relief angle β; tool nose radius r; feed speed V c; depth of cut DOC; vibration device 2; piezoelectric stack 201; amplification device 202; vibration trajectory 301; coupling trajectory 302; microstructured metal fiber 4; length l of microstructured metal fiber; width w of microstructured metal fiber; microstructure period d of microstructured metal fiber; workpiece 5 to be machined; surface microstructure 501. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0041] The vibration machining method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers with high efficiency and controllability according to an embodiment of the present application is described below in combination with Figure 6 .

[0042] The vibration machining method for directly preparing microstructured metal fibers with high efficiency and controllability according to an embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: as shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b , a specific vibration trajectory 301 and a feed motion trajectory are applied to the tool 1 of the machining device (see the feed speed V c of the tool 1), and the tool 1 is used to cut the plane to be cut of the workpiece 5 to be machined, wherein the plane where the vibration trajectory 301 is located is perpendicular to the plane to be cut of the workpiece 5 to be machined and perpendicular to the feed direction of the tool 1, the vibration trajectory 301 and the feed motion trajectory are coupled, the coupling trajectory 302 makes the tool 1 cut into the workpiece 5 to be machined in the first half of each vibration period of the vibration trajectory 301, pushes and extrudes part of the material to form the surface microstructure 501, gradually feeds in the second half of each vibration period of the vibration trajectory 301 until the tool 1 leaves the workpiece 5 to be machined, and takes out the microstructured metal fiber 4 with secondary structure.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the material properties of the workpiece 5 to be machined include the elastic-plasticity of metal materials, etc. As shown in FIG. 3, the workpiece 5 to be machined is a metal block, which can be a copper block, and can also be a non-brittle metal material such as gold, silver, aluminum, etc. As shown in Figure 2 , the machining device comprises the tool 1 and the vibration device 2, as shown in Figure 1a , Figure 1b and Figure 2 , the tool 1 comprises a tool head 101 and a tool base body 102, the material of the tool head 101 can be diamond but is not limited thereto, the material of the tool base body 102 can be tool steel, and the tool head 101 is permanently bonded to the tool base body 102. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3bAs shown, the cutting tool 1 is mounted at the front end of the vibration device 2, which is used to apply a specific vibration trajectory 301 to the cutting tool 1. Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, the plane containing the vibration trajectory 301 applied to the tool 1 is perpendicular to the cutting plane of the workpiece 5, that is, the vibration trajectory 301 is located in the xy plane in Figure 3, and the cutting plane of the workpiece 5 is located in the xz plane. The vibration trajectory 301 is perpendicular to the feed direction of the tool 1 (see the feed speed V of the tool 1). c (Indicated by the arrow direction). Under the coupling of the vibration trajectory 301 and the feed motion trajectory, the tool 1 cuts into the workpiece 5 during the first half of each vibration cycle of the vibration trajectory 301, pushing up some material to form a surface microtexture 501. During the second half of each vibration cycle of the vibration trajectory 301, it gradually feeds until it leaves the workpiece 5, carrying away chips, which are microstructured metal fibers 4 with secondary structures. Figure 4 As shown, the surface microstructure period of the microstructure 4 is d, the length of the microstructure 4 is l, and the width of the microstructure 4 is w. The experimentally fabricated microstructure 4 with secondary structures is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A large number of microstructured metal fibers can be observed in (a). Figure 5 (b) provides a further magnified view of the microstructure, clearly showing the regular surface microtexture 501, confirming the feasibility of the invention. Therefore, the vibration processing method for the efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers 4 according to embodiments of the present invention can directly process microstructured metal fibers 4 with secondary structures.

[0044] The following is an experiment on oil-water separation of microstructured metal fibers 4 processed by the vibration processing method for the efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The microstructured metal fiber 4 is a microstructured copper fiber. The microstructured copper fiber is molded and sintered to obtain a copper fiber felt with special wettability, thereby realizing oil-water separation. Figure 6 The experiment demonstrates how direct sintering of the processed microstructured metal fibers 4 achieves unique hydrophobic and oleophilic wettability, thereby enabling oil-water separation.

[0046] In detail, the processed microstructured copper fibers were arranged in a random direction and filled into a mold for molding and sintering. A multi-functional high-temperature sintering furnace was used, with the following sintering parameters: 0.5 MPa pressure (5 atmospheres), nitrogen atmosphere, temperature increased to 800℃ at a rate of 20℃ / min, then increased to 900℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, and then held at 900℃ for 1 hour. The final result was as follows: Figure 6(a1) shows a copper fiber felt with a multi-level microstructure and dimensions of 10mm×10mm×1mm.

[0047] This copper fiber felt can spontaneously adsorb hydrophobic organic groups from the air, thus acquiring special wettability without chemical treatment. The wettability measurement results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in (b), it exhibits hydrophobic and oleophilic properties. Based on its special wetting properties, such as... Figure 6 (c) shows the oil-water separation experiment. Figure 6 (c1) shows the image before separation, where the material used is a mixture of 5 ml deionized water and 5 ml kerosene (non-emulsion). The oil recovery rate was used as the performance indicator for oil-water separation. The oil-water separation efficiency of this experiment could be calculated by measuring the amount of oil recovered in the beaker. The final oil-water separation results are as follows. Figure 6 As shown in (c2), the oil recovery rate exceeds 90%. Furthermore, if copper fibers without microstructure obtained by the ordinary drawing method are directly sintered, the resulting fiber felt exhibits relatively weak special wettability, and loses this special wettability after a certain degree of wear, affecting its ability to achieve effective oil-water separation. This experiment verifies the effectiveness of the invention and demonstrates its unique application potential.

[0048] In summary, the vibration processing method for the efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers 4 according to embodiments of the present invention, on the one hand, applies a specific vibration trajectory 301 to the tool 1 and replicates this vibration trajectory 301 onto the chips defined in the normal processing, so that the chips continuously form microstructured metal fibers 4, solving the problem that existing processing technologies are difficult to achieve direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers 4. Moreover, the process in the present invention is based on the principle of vibration processing and has the advantages of simplicity, efficiency and low cost. On the other hand, it solves the problem of easily and effectively controlling the microstructure characteristics of the surface of metal fibers. Furthermore, by providing an experiment to achieve oil-water separation based on special wettability through direct sintering of microstructured copper fibers, the application potential of microstructured metal fibers 4 is verified.

[0049] In some embodiments, microstructured metal fibers 4 with different feature sizes can be obtained by adjusting the vibration trajectory 301, the tool parameters of the cutting tool 1, and the machining parameters. That is, based on the idea of ​​replicating the vibration trajectory 301 in the embodiments of the present invention, the key structural parameters of the microstructured metal fibers 4 can be changed in a regular manner by adjusting the relevant process parameters of vibration and cutting.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1a and Figure 1b As shown, the tool parameters of tool 1 include the tool tip angle. The tool clearance angle β and the profile shape of tool 1. The tool tip 101 of tool 1 can be a pointed shape, with a tool rake angle, a tool clearance angle β, a tool tip radius r, and a tool tip angle in the rake face shape. All of these factors affect the morphology of the microstructured metal fiber 4, including the blade tip angle. The width w of the microstructured metal fiber 4 is a key structural parameter directly related to the machining parameters, including the feed rate V of the tool 1. c And depth of cut (DOC).

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cutting tool 1 is fixed on the vibration device 2 of the processing device. The vibration device 2 includes an amplification device 202 and two piezoelectric stacks 201 that are perpendicular to each other. The vibration displacement output by the two piezoelectric stacks is controlled by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks 201. The vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 is finally coupled into a vibration trajectory 301 through the amplification device 202.

[0052] Specifically, the vibration device 2 can use a large amplitude of 10-20 micrometers. The vibration device 2 mainly includes two mutually perpendicular piezoelectric stacks 201 and an amplification device 202 based on a flexible bridge structure. The piezoelectric stacks 201 are fixed to the amplification device 202 by fixing caps and ball head bolts. Two electrical signals modulated by a power amplifier are applied to the two mutually perpendicular piezoelectric stacks 201. Due to the inverse piezoelectric effect, the two piezoelectric stacks 201 elongate or contract. The vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 is transmitted to the cutter 1 at the front end of the vibration device 2 through the flexible bridge structure and coupled into the final vibration trajectory 301. The vibration parameters of the piezoelectric stacks 201 include vibration frequency, vibration amplitude, vibration direction, and vibration phase. The vibration of the piezoelectric stacks 201 is controlled by the input electrical signal. Adjusting the phase and amplitude of the input electrical signal can control the vibration displacement output by the two piezoelectric stacks 201. The vibrations of the piezoelectric stacks 201 with different vibration parameters are ultimately coupled into different vibration trajectories 301 through the amplification device 202.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, a spatial xyz coordinate system is established for the workpiece 5. The vibration trajectory 301 is located in the xy plane, and the cutting plane of the workpiece 5 is located in the xz plane. The feed direction of the tool 1 is the z-axis. The vibration trajectory 301 is then described by parametric equations. Based on the maximum amplitude in the x and y directions and the phase difference of the vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks 201, the required input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 can be deduced. The required input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 satisfy the following relationship:

[0054]

[0055] Where X, Y, and φ represent the maximum amplitude of tool 1 at x and y, and the phase difference of the vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks 201, respectively; U L, U R , ψ are the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the input electrical signal of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 respectively; a XL , a XR , a YL , a YR , δ XL , δ XR , δ YL , δ YR are the amplitude and phase coefficient of the input electrical signal to the vibration displacement, which are obtained by vibration test at different frequencies. Thus, different vibration trajectories 301 including but not limited to ellipse can be achieved by adjusting the input electrical signal. In addition, the design of the flexible bridge structure can also adjust the vibration amplification effect of the device.

[0056] In some embodiments, the vibration trajectory 301 is an elliptical trajectory (as shown in Figure 3b ) but is not limited thereto, and can also be other non-elliptical trajectories.

[0057] In some embodiments, the maximum amplitude of the tool 1 in x, y and the phase difference of the vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 are:

[0058]

[0059] where X, Y, φ are the maximum amplitude of the tool 1 in x, y and the phase difference of the vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 respectively, a is the semi-major axis of the elliptical trajectory, b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical trajectory, and θ is the angle between the semi-major axis of the elliptical trajectory and the x-axis.

[0060] Thus, the required input electrical signal of the two piezoelectric stacks 201 is: and the required voltage amplitude and phase difference of the input electrical signal can be calculated.

[0061] For example, when processing microstructured copper fibers, an elliptical trajectory with a frequency f of 1000 Hz, a semi-major axis length a = 10 μm, a semi-minor axis length b = 0 μm, and an angle θ = 20° between the semi-major axis and the x-axis is used for processing. According to the elliptical trajectory parameters, the maximum amplitude and phase of the tool 1 output in the x and y directions can be obtained:

[0062]

[0063] and the required electrical signal amplitude and phase can be calculated. During the process, the tool 1 feeds at a speed V c = 6 mm / s, and the microstructured fiber length l is 15-20 μm.

[0064] In some embodiments, each vibration cycle of each vibration trajectory 301 (as shown in Figure 3bThe elliptical vibration period shown corresponds to cutting out a pit, and also corresponds to a section of metal fiber with a microstructure. The feed speed V of tool 1 is adjusted. c The vibration frequency f can be used to adjust the vibration period, which corresponds to the period of the microtexture 501 on the workpiece surface. Simultaneously, the vibration is projected onto the metal fiber, corresponding to the period d of the microstructure on the metal fiber surface.

[0065] The feed rate of tool 1 satisfies the following relationship:

[0066] V c =fd;

[0067] Where V c Let f be the feed rate of tool 1, f be the vibration frequency, and d be the microstructure period of the microstructured metal fiber 4. In other words, the frequency f of the vibration trajectory 301 and the feed rate V of tool 1 are controlled by the signal generator. c This allows for the adjustment of microstructured metal fibers 4

[0068] The dimensions and shapes of the processed microstructured metal fibers with secondary structures are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, its specific dimensional parameters include the length l of the microstructured metal fiber 4, the width w of the microstructured metal microfiber, and the surface microstructure period d of the microstructured metal fiber 4. In addition, due to the large degree of plastic deformation such as torsion and bending of the chips during processing, its surface is relatively rough, and there are smaller folded and stacked structures in each microstructure period.

[0069] In some embodiments, the length l of the microstructured metal fiber 4 depends on the length of continuous feed of the tool 1 within the allowable range of workpiece size. Therefore, the length l of the microstructured metal fiber 4 can also be approximated by the feed rate V of the tool 1. c The length l of the microstructured metal fiber 4 is measured in relation to the processing time t, and satisfies the following relationship:

[0070] l = V c t;

[0071] Where l is the length of the microstructured metal fiber 4, V c V represents the feed rate of tool 1, and t represents the machining time. In other words, by controlling the feed rate V of tool 1... c The length l of the microstructured metal fiber 4 can be determined by the processing time t.

[0072] In some embodiments, without considering the influence and errors caused by various factors in the specific processing, the width w of the microstructured metal fiber 4 is determined by the shape of the tool 1 and the cutting depth, that is, the width w of the microstructured metal fiber 4 satisfies the following relationship:

[0073]

[0074] where w is the width of the microstructured metal fiber 4, DOC is the depth of cut of the tool 1, is the tool nose angle of the tool. That is, by controlling the depth of cut DOC of the tool 1 and the tool nose angle of the tool 1, it is possible to determine the width w of the microstructured metal fiber 4.

[0075] Based on the above analysis, it is possible to achieve direct and efficient adjustable control of the microstructured metal fiber 4 by changing parameters such as vibration parameters, machining parameters, and tool 1 dimensions. At the same time, based on the present application, it is possible to conveniently take measures such as increasing the vibration frequency or improving the design of the multi-head tool 1 to simultaneously machine multiple fibers to further improve the machining efficiency.

[0076] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made hereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vibration processing method for the efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A specific vibration trajectory and feed motion trajectory are applied to the cutting tool of the machining device. The cutting tool is used to cut the cutting plane of the workpiece. The plane where the vibration trajectory is located is perpendicular to the cutting plane of the workpiece and perpendicular to the feed direction of the cutting tool. The vibration trajectory and the feed motion trajectory are coupled so that the cutting tool cuts into the workpiece in the first half of each vibration cycle of the vibration trajectory, pushing up part of the material to form a surface microtexture. In the second half of each vibration cycle of the vibration trajectory, the cutting tool gradually feeds until it leaves the workpiece and brings out microstructured metal fibers with secondary structures. By adjusting the vibration trajectory, the tool parameters, and the machining parameters, microstructured metal fibers with different feature sizes can be obtained.

2. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool parameters include the tool tip angle, tool clearance angle, and tool profile shape; the machining parameters include the tool feed rate and depth of cut.

3. The vibration processing method for the efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool is fixed on the vibration device of the processing device. The vibration device includes an amplification device and two piezoelectric stacks that are perpendicular to each other. The vibration displacement output by the two piezoelectric stacks is controlled by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks. The vibration of the two piezoelectric stacks is finally coupled into the vibration trajectory through the amplification device.

4. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that, Establish spatial coordinates for the workpiece being processed, and the vibration trajectory is located at... x In the y-plane, the cutting plane of the workpiece is located at... xz Plane, the tool feed direction is z In the axial direction, the required input electrical signals for the two piezoelectric stacks satisfy the following relationship: ； in , , The cutting tool is respectively in The maximum amplitude and the phase difference between the vibrations of the two piezoelectric stacks; , , These are the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the input electrical signals of the two piezoelectric stacks, respectively; , , , , , , , This involves converting the input electrical signal into the amplitude and phase coefficient of the vibration displacement, which are obtained by conducting vibration tests at different frequencies.

5. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration trajectory is an elliptical trajectory.

6. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cutting tool is The maximum amplitude and the phase difference between the vibrations of the two piezoelectric stacks are: ； in , , The cutting tool is respectively in The maximum amplitude and the phase difference of the vibrations of the two piezoelectric stacks, a Let be the semi-major axis of the elliptical locus, and b be the semi-minor axis of the elliptical locus. Let the semi-major axis of the elliptical trajectory be intersected by the elliptical trajectory. x The included angle of the axis.

7. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feed rate of the cutting tool satisfies the following relationship: ； in The feed rate of the tool is [value missing]. The frequency of the vibration trajectory, The microstructure period of the microstructured metal fiber is defined as follows.

8. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the microstructured metal fibers satisfies the following relationship: ； in The length of the microstructured metal fiber. The feed rate of the tool is [value missing]. This refers to the processing time.

9. The vibration processing method for efficient and controllable direct preparation of microstructured metal fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the microstructured metal fiber satisfies the following relationship: ； in Where is the width of the microstructured metal fiber, and DOC is the depth of cut of the tool. The blade tip angle is denoted as .

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