A composite material sheet part positioning machining device and machining method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and relates to a positioning and processing device and a processing method for a composite material sheet part. The composite material sheet part product is a sheet ring part with positioning holes on the periphery. The sheet part is within 5 mm, and the length-width ratio and thickness ratio are above 60. The processing device is composed of a base, an inner type processing block, an outer type processing block, an outer block positioning pin, an inner block positioning pin, a pressing plate, and an upper pressing plate. The device uses two pairs of positioning pins for alignment and verification, and uses the combination of the pressing plate and the base, the combination of the inner type processing block and the base, and the combination of the outer type processing block and the base to achieve three times of accurate positioning, thereby greatly improving the convenience and processing qualification rate of the composite material sheet product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology and relates to a positioning and processing device and method for composite material thin plate parts, used for positioning, drilling and assembly of composite material thin plate products. Background Technology

[0002] A certain composite material sheet product is a thin, ring-shaped part with mounting holes around its perimeter. The product's thickness is less than 3mm, while its length and width are both over 200mm, resulting in a length-to-width ratio exceeding 60. During product processing, the internal cavity, external shape, and positioning holes require separate machining. Manufacturing necessitates the use of tooling and clamping plates to machine the internal and external surfaces, positioning holes, and chamfers separately. This process requires three clamping and repositioning operations, which leads to inaccurate positioning. Current technology directly uses clamping plates to fix the blank around its perimeter on a platform. However, due to the thin composite material sheet, milling cutter vibration causes surface delamination, and the inaccurate positioning from repeated clamping leads to dimensional deviations. This presents safety and quality risks, significantly increases manufacturing costs, and, most importantly, results in a very long manufacturing cycle, severely impacting product progress. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is:

[0004] To overcome the technical problems of surface delamination and dimensional deviations in the processing of composite thin sheet products, a positioning and processing assembly device and processing method for composite thin sheet parts are provided.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] On the one hand, a positioning and processing device for composite material thin plates is provided, wherein the composite material thin plate product is a thin plate ring with positioning holes around its perimeter, and the thin plate is less than 5mm.

[0007] The processing device consists of a base 1, an inner processing pressure block 2, an outer processing pressure block 3, an outer pressure block positioning pin 4, an inner pressure block positioning pin 5, a pressure plate 6, and an upper pressure plate 8.

[0008] The base 1 has a recessed platform in the middle, which is consistent with the shape of the blank part 7 and is used to place the blank part 7. The depth of the recessed platform is slightly less than the thickness of the thin plate, with a difference of 0.5 to 1.0 mm.

[0009] The upper periphery of the base 1 has threaded holes, and the base 1 is fixed to the pressure plate 6 to press the part blank 7;

[0010] The inner processing pressure block 2 is a ring-shaped part. The outer cavity is consistent with the outer contour of the product, and the inner cavity is slightly larger than the inner cavity of the product, with a difference of 1.0 to 1.5 mm. The inner processing pressure block 2 has mounting ears on both sides of its outer side for positioning with the base 1. It is positioned by the inner pressure block positioning pin 5 installed on the base 1.

[0011] The outer processing pressure block 3 is a ring-shaped part with an inner cavity that is consistent with the inner cavity of the product and an outer cavity that is slightly smaller than the outer contour of the product, with a difference of 1.0 to 1.5 mm. The inner side of the outer processing pressure block 3 has mounting ears on opposite sides for positioning with the base 1, and is positioned by the outer pressure block positioning pin 4 installed on the base 1.

[0012] The base 1 has a threaded hole 9 in the middle, which is used to combine and fix with the upper pressure plate 8 to press the outer shape processing pressure block 3.

[0013] The two outer pressure block positioning pins 4 are located on the recessed platform and are symmetrical about the Y-axis; the two inner pressure block positioning pins 5 are located on the base 1 and are symmetrical about the Y-axis.

[0014] Both the outer pressure block positioning pin 4 and the inner pressure block positioning pin 5 are set on the X-axis. One pair is used for positioning, and the other pair is used for verification, so as to ensure positioning accuracy during the processing.

[0015] The inner processing block 2 has a thickness of 15-20 mm, and the outer processing block 3 has a thickness of 15-20 mm.

[0016] The threaded hole 9 is located in the center of the base 1, at coordinate point 0, which is the intersection of the X-axis and the Y-axis.

[0017] The processing device is made of steel, and preferably, the base 1 has a square structure.

[0018] The processing device is suitable for composite material sheet products with a thickness of less than 3mm, a length and width of more than 200mm, and a length-to-width ratio of more than 60.

[0019] On the other hand, a method for positioning and processing thin composite material plates is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Use one pair of locating pins to align the machining device.

[0021] Pull out the outer pressure block positioning pin 4, and use a lever dial indicator to bisect the distance between the two outer pressure block positioning pins 4, so that the center line of the pin hole is located on the X-axis, and determine the coordinate system for product processing.

[0022] Step 2: Verify the coordinate system using another pair of locating pins:

[0023] Pull out the inner pressure block positioning pin 5 and use a lever dial indicator to verify whether the center line of the pin hole of the two inner pressure block positioning pins 5 is located on the X-axis. If it is out of tolerance, repair the machining device.

[0024] Step 3, Processing:

[0025] The blank part 7 is fixed and pressed by the base 1 and the pressure plate 6. The flat surface of the product is milled according to the product thickness requirements, and the positioning holes are machined according to the requirements.

[0026] Next, fix and press the inner processing block 2 to the base 1, and process the inner cavity of the product according to the processing requirements;

[0027] After the inner cavity is processed, remove the inner processing pressure block 2 and fix the outer processing pressure block 3 to the base 1 (fixed and pressed by the upper pressure plate 8 and the threaded hole 9). Process the outer contour of the product according to the processing requirements.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. The device of the present invention provides convenient and accurate positioning:

[0030] The device of the present invention uses two pairs of positioning pins for alignment and verification. It achieves three accurate positionings by combining the pressure plate 6 with the base 1, the inner shape processing pressure block 2 with the base 1, and the outer shape processing pressure block 3 with the base 1, which greatly improves the processing qualification rate of composite material thin plate products.

[0031] 2. This invention effectively solves the problems of surface delamination and drilling positioning in composite material thin plate products, achieving a simple structure, quick and convenient operation, wide versatility, and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the processing device of the present invention. In the figure, 1-base, 2-inner shape processing pressure block, 3-outer shape processing pressure block, 4-outer pressure block positioning pin, 5-inner pressure block positioning pin, 6-pressure plate, 7-part blank, 8-upper pressure plate, 9-threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The features of various aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can also be practiced without these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by illustrating examples. The invention is not limited to any specific setups and methods provided below, but covers all improvements, substitutions, etc., to product structures and methods without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0035] In the various accompanying drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the invention.

[0036] The composite material part of a certain type of radome is a thin sheet product of composite material, with a length of 250mm, a width of 200mm, and a thickness of 2.5mm. During the cutting and drilling process, the positioning and machining device of this invention is used. Figure 1 As shown:

[0037] The processing device consists of a base 1, an inner processing pressure block 2, an outer processing pressure block 3, an outer pressure block positioning pin 4, an inner pressure block positioning pin 5, a pressure plate 6, and an upper pressure plate 8; all parts of the processing device are made of steel, specifically Q235 carbon structural steel.

[0038] The base 1 has a square structure with a recessed platform in the middle. The platform is shaped to match the shape of the blank part 7 and is used to place the blank part 7. The depth of the recessed platform is 2.0mm, which is slightly less than the thickness of the thin plate.

[0039] The upper periphery of the base 1 has threaded holes, and the base 1 is fixed to the pressure plate 6 to press the part blank 7;

[0040] The thickness of both the inner processing block 2 and the outer processing block 3 is 20mm.

[0041] The inner processing pressure block 2 is a ring-shaped part. Its outer cavity is consistent with the outer contour of the product, and its inner cavity is slightly larger than the inner cavity of the product by 1.0mm. The inner processing pressure block 2 has mounting ears on both sides of its outer side for positioning with the base 1. It is positioned by the inner pressure block positioning pin 5 installed on the base 1.

[0042] The processing pressure block 3 is a ring-shaped part with an inner cavity that is consistent with the inner cavity of the product and an outer cavity that is slightly smaller than the outer contour of the product by 1.5mm. The inner side of the outer processing pressure block 3 has mounting ears on opposite sides for positioning with the base 1, and is positioned by the outer pressure block positioning pin 4 installed on the base 1.

[0043] The base 1 has a threaded hole 9 at the origin of the coordinate system in the middle, which is used to fix it together with the upper pressure plate 8 and press the outer shape processing pressure block 3.

[0044] The two outer pressure block positioning pins 4 are located on the recessed platform and are symmetrical about the Y-axis; the two inner pressure block positioning pins 5 are located on the base 1 and are symmetrical about the Y-axis.

[0045] Both the outer pressure block positioning pin 4 and the inner pressure block positioning pin 5 are set on the X-axis. One pair is used for positioning, and the other pair is used for verification, so as to ensure positioning accuracy during the processing.

[0046] The specific steps of the positioning and processing method using the processing apparatus of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] Step 1: Align the machining device using the external pressure block positioning pin.

[0048] Pull out the outer pressure block positioning pin 4, and use a lever dial indicator to bisect the distance between the two outer pressure block positioning pins 4, so that the center line of the pin hole is located on the X-axis, and determine the coordinate system for product processing.

[0049] Step 2: Verify the accuracy of the coordinate system using the internal pressure block positioning pin:

[0050] Pull out the inner pressure block positioning pin 5 and use a lever dial indicator to verify whether the center line of the pin hole of the two inner pressure block positioning pins 5 is located on the X-axis. If it is out of tolerance, repair the machining device.

[0051] If the device is not used for a long time, it may exceed the tolerance. When it exceeds the tolerance, the corresponding pin hole can be enlarged by making a stepped hole to adjust the positioning pin to meet the positioning requirements.

[0052] Step 3, Processing:

[0053] 3.1. Fix and press the part blank 7 with the base 1 and the pressure plate 6, mill the flat surface of the product according to the product thickness requirements, and machine the positioning holes according to the requirements;

[0054] 3.2 Next, fix and press the inner processing block 2 to the base 1, and process the inner cavity of the product according to the processing requirements; there are two pressing methods:

[0055] One method is as follows: Since there is space between the pressure plate 6 and the base 1 and the mounting ear, bolt holes can be made in the two spaces above and below the mounting ear on the base 1, and the mounting ear on the inner shaped processing pressure block 2 can be pressed tightly with a pair of screws and a long pressure plate.

[0056] Another method: Bolt holes can be drilled on the lower side (Y-axis) of the mounting ear to fix the base 1 directly without the aid of a long strip pressure plate;

[0057] 3.3 After the inner cavity is processed, remove the inner shape processing pressure block 2, and fix the outer shape processing pressure block 3 to the base 1 (fixed and pressed by the upper pressure plate 8 and the threaded hole 9). Process the outer contour of the product according to the processing requirements.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and processing device for composite material thin plates, characterized in that: The composite material thin plate product is a thin plate ring with positioning holes around the perimeter, and the thin plate is less than 5mm; the positioning processing device consists of a base (1), an inner shape processing pressure block (2), an outer shape processing pressure block (3), an outer pressure block positioning pin (4), an inner pressure block positioning pin (5), a pressure plate (6), and an upper pressure plate (8); The base (1) has a recessed platform in the middle, the shape of which is consistent with the shape of the part blank (7), and is used to place the part blank (7). The depth of the recessed platform is slightly less than the thickness of the thin plate, with a difference of 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The base (1) has threaded holes around its upper perimeter. The base (1) is fixed to the pressure plate (6) to press the blank part (7). The inner processing pressure block (2) is a ring-shaped part. The outer cavity is consistent with the outer contour of the product, and the inner cavity is slightly larger than the inner cavity of the product, with a difference of 1.0 to 1.5 mm. The inner processing pressure block (2) has mounting ears on both sides of the outer side for positioning with the base (1). It is positioned by the inner pressure block positioning pin (5) installed on the base (1). The outer processing pressure block (3) is a ring-shaped part with an inner cavity consistent with the inner cavity of the product and an outer cavity slightly smaller than the outer contour of the product, with a difference of 1.0 to 1.5 mm. The inner side of the outer processing pressure block (3) has mounting ears on opposite sides for positioning with the base (1) and is positioned by the outer pressure block positioning pin (4) installed on the base (1). The base (1) has a threaded hole (9) in the middle, which is used to fix it together with the upper pressure plate (8) to press the outer processing pressure block (3).

2. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two outer pressure block positioning pins (4) are located on the recessed platform and are symmetrical about the Y-axis; the two inner pressure block positioning pins (5) are located on the base (1) and are symmetrical about the Y-axis.

3. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer pressure block positioning pin (4) and the inner pressure block positioning pin (5) are both set on the X-axis. One pair is used for positioning and the other pair is used for verification, so as to ensure positioning accuracy during the processing.

4. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the inner processing block (2) is 15-20 mm.

5. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the externally shaped processing block (3) is 15-20mm.

6. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded hole (9) is located in the center of the base (1), at the origin of the coordinate system.

7. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device is made of steel.

8. The positioning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The applicable composite material sheet products are less than 3mm thick, with both length and width exceeding 200mm, and the length-to-width ratio exceeding 60.

9. A method for positioning and processing thin composite material sheets, utilizing the positioning and processing device described in claim 1, characterized in that: The processing method steps are as follows: Step 1: Use one pair of locating pins to align the machining device. Pull out the outer pressure block positioning pin (4), and use a lever dial indicator to bisect the distance between the two outer pressure block positioning pins (4) so ​​that the center line of the pin hole is located on the X-axis, and determine the coordinate system for product processing. Step 2: Verify the coordinate system using another pair of locating pins: Pull out the inner pressure block positioning pin (5) and use a lever dial indicator to verify whether the center line of the pin hole of the two inner pressure block positioning pins (5) is located on the X-axis. If it exceeds the tolerance, repair the processing device. Step 3: Processing using machine tools: The blank part (7) is fixed and pressed with the base (1) and the pressure plate (6). The flat surface of the product is milled according to the product thickness requirements, and the positioning holes are machined according to the requirements. Then, fix and press the inner processing block (2) to the base (1) and process the inner cavity of the product according to the processing requirements; After the inner cavity is processed, the inner processing block (2) is removed, and the outer processing block (3) is fixed and pressed to the base (1). The outer contour of the product is processed according to the processing requirements.

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