Fire-resistant fabric for fire fighter's breathing belt and its preparation method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment, in particular to a fire-fighting respirator braid flame-retardant fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fire-fighting respirator braid flame-retardant fabric is composed of a heat insulation layer, a fireproof glue layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the fireproof glue layer is prepared after the curing of a fireproof glue solution; the fireproof glue solution is prepared by mixing starch, a phosphate and succinic anhydride in an ethanol solution and then heating. The specific layer structure and the additionally arranged fireproof glue layer in the application mainly endow the fabric with excellent high-temperature resistance and fire resistance through multi-stage modification of the starch, can effectively inhibit the melting of the braid, and thus reduce the operation risk of fire-fighting personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fire protection equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a flame-retardant fabric for fire breathing apparatus webbing and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] Firefighting breathing apparatus is a self-contained open-circuit breathing apparatus widely used in the firefighting field to enable firefighters or rescue personnel to safely and effectively carry out firefighting, rescue and relief work in various environments such as dense smoke, toxic gas, steam or oxygen deficiency. Firefighting breathing apparatus in related technologies includes a full face mask, air supply valve, compressed air cylinder, low gas alarm and webbing for fixing the breathing apparatus body. Since firefighters sometimes need to cross fire scenes, in the high heat environment for a long time, the webbing used by rescuers to fix the breathing apparatus body is at risk of melting.

[0003] It is evident that the quality of webbing directly affects the safety of rescue operations. Existing webbing is mainly made of spinning wheels, which only requires flame retardant properties of the material, but cannot meet the requirements of the webbing in terms of flame engulfment performance, and still poses a high safety hazard. Therefore, a flame retardant fabric for fire breathing apparatus webbing and its preparation method are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a flame-retardant fabric for fire breathing apparatus webbing and its preparation process. The addition of a fire-retardant adhesive layer gives the flooring fabric excellent high-temperature resistance and fire resistance, which can effectively inhibit the melting of the webbing and reduce the risk to firefighters.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing is composed of a heat insulation layer, a fire-resistant adhesive layer and a surface layer arranged sequentially from the inside out.

[0007] The fire-retardant adhesive layer is obtained by curing a fire-retardant liquid, which is made by heating and mixing starch, phosphate and succinic anhydride in an ethanol solution.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the flame-retardant fabric, which is composed of a heat insulation layer, a fireproof adhesive layer and a surface layer, achieves excellent high temperature resistance and high temperature stability through the synergy of the multi-layer structure, thus making the fabric less prone to melting due to high temperature when applied to fire breathing apparatus webbing.

[0009] The possible reasons are as follows: After the starch in the fireproof adhesive layer is blended with phosphate and succinic anhydride, a series of reactions such as cross-linking and esterification occur, thereby forming a stable substance similar to succinic starch phosphate. This component has excellent anti-melting and flame-retardant effects.

[0010] Preferably, the weight ratio of starch, phosphate and succinic anhydride is 1:(0.03-0.05):(0.1-0.3).

[0011] Preferably, the phosphate is one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate.

[0012] Preferably, the succinic anhydride is one or more selected from 2-methylsuccinic anhydride, 2-ethylsuccinic anhydride, dodecylsuccinic anhydride, and octenylsuccinic anhydride.

[0013] Preferably, the succinic anhydride is a composite succinic anhydride, specifically composed of dodecyl succinic anhydride and octenyl succinic anhydride in a weight ratio of 1:(0.3-0.5).

[0014] Preferably, the specific preparation steps of the fire-retardant adhesive are as follows:

[0015] First, mix starch in an ethanol solution to form a paste, then add phosphate and heat at 68-82℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours. Then add succinic anhydride and continue mixing for 2.4-3.6 hours to obtain the fire-retardant adhesive.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the fire retardant liquid prepared by the above specific proportion components and process has a more significant multi-component compounding effect. The afterflame time of the final product can be controlled by controlling the amount of succinic anhydride phosphate generated. In addition, there are also preferred compounding groups for the succinic anhydride component.

[0017] Preferably, the insulation layer is a fiber / gel insulation layer;

[0018] The fiber / gel insulation layer is composed of polyimide fibers and silica aerogel.

[0019] Preferably, the weight ratio of the polyimide fiber to the silica aerogel is 1:(0.5-0.8).

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the fiber / gel insulation layer, which is composed of polyimide fiber and silica aerogel in a specific weight ratio, can effectively block heat through the pores of the components and the network skeleton formed by the fibers, thereby reducing the influence of external temperature.

[0021] Preferably, the outer layer is woven from one or more of aramid fibers, aramid fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface layer composed of fibers that have certain flame retardancy can effectively meet the basic product application requirements and also has good compatibility with fire-retardant adhesives.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing, using the following technical solution:

[0024] A method for preparing a flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing, comprising the following specific steps:

[0025] First, prepare the heat insulation layer and the surface layer accordingly. Then, apply the protective adhesive to the heat insulation layer, add the surface layer, and hot-press to bond them together. After the ethanol solution is removed and the curing is completed, the flame-retardant fabric for the fire breathing apparatus webbing is obtained.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the preparation conditions are significantly simplified. After each layer is pre-made, the fire-retardant adhesive can be used for lamination by curing, eliminating the need for additional binders. Moreover, the product quality is stable and uniform, and all have excellent high temperature resistance and fire resistance, making it suitable for industrialization.

[0027] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The flame-retardant fabric in this application, which is composed of a heat insulation layer, a fire-retardant adhesive layer and a surface layer, achieves excellent high-temperature resistance and high-temperature stability through the synergy of its multi-layer structure, thus making it less prone to melting at high temperatures when applied to fire breathing apparatus webbing.

[0029] 2. The fire-retardant adhesive layer in this application is mainly formed by cross-linking and esterification of starch with phosphate and succinic anhydride to form a heat-stable substance similar to succinic starch phosphate ester, and this component gives the fabric excellent anti-melting and flame-retardant effects.

[0030] 3. The fiber / gel insulation layer in this application, which is composed of polyimide fiber and silica aerogel in a specific weight ratio, can effectively block heat through the pores of the components and the network skeleton formed by the fibers, thereby reducing the influence of external temperature.

[0031] 4. The preparation process in this application is significantly simplified and does not require additional binders, making it more suitable for industrial production. The product quality is stable and uniform, and all products have excellent high temperature resistance and flame retardancy, thus effectively meeting the needs of fire protection operations. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0033] Preparation Example

[0034] Preparation Example 1

[0035] A fire-retardant adhesive, the amounts of each component of which are shown in the table below, is prepared through the following steps:

[0036] First, mix starch in an ethanol solution to form a paste, then add phosphate and heat at 68°C for 1.5 hours; then add succinic anhydride and continue mixing for 2.4 hours to obtain the fire-retardant adhesive.

[0037] The phosphate is sodium hexametaphosphate, and the succinic anhydride is octenyl succinic anhydride. The weight ratio of starch, phosphate and succinic anhydride in the above-mentioned raw materials is 1:0.02:0.05.

[0038] Preparation Examples 2-5

[0039] A fire-retardant adhesive liquid differs from Preparation Example 1 in that the proportions of the raw materials used in its preparation are different, as shown in the table below.

[0040]

[0041] Preparation Examples 6-10

[0042] A fire-retardant adhesive, which differs from Preparation Example 1 in the use of different phosphates, is shown in the table below.

[0043]

[0044] Preparation Examples 11-18

[0045] A fire-retardant adhesive differs from Preparation Example 1 in that the succinic anhydride used is different, as shown in the table below.

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Preparation Example 19

[0049] A fire-retardant adhesive, differing from Preparation Example 1 in that its preparation steps are as follows:

[0050] First, mix starch in an ethanol solution to form a paste, then add phosphate and heat at 75°C for 1.0 h. Then add succinic anhydride and continue mixing for 3.2 h to obtain the fire-retardant adhesive.

[0051] Preparation Example 20

[0052] A fire-retardant adhesive, differing from Preparation Example 1 in that its preparation steps are as follows:

[0053] First, mix starch in an ethanol solution to form a paste, then add phosphate and heat at 82°C for 0.5 hours. Then add succinic anhydride and continue mixing for 3.6 hours to obtain the fire-retardant adhesive.

[0054] Performance testing

[0055] Flame-retardant fabrics (3.0 mm thick) prepared in the following embodiments and / or comparative examples were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested. The specific test conditions are as follows:

[0056] First, by adjusting the flow rate of propane gas, the flame height of the burner is adjusted to 40±5mm, and the temperature at 20mm above the flame height is (800±50)℃.

[0057] Then place the sample horizontally at a height of 20 mm from the flame for 12 seconds and observe whether there is any afterburning phenomenon in the sample (three sets are set in parallel). If there is afterburning, the average value should be taken and the afterburning time should be recorded.

[0058] Example

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing is composed of a heat insulation layer (1.0 mm thick), a fire-retardant adhesive layer (1.5 mm thick), and a surface layer (0.5 mm thick), arranged sequentially from the inside out.

[0061] The heat insulation layer is a silica aerogel layer, the fireproof adhesive layer is formed by curing the fireproof adhesive liquid obtained in Preparation Example 1, and the surface layer is an aramid layer woven from aramid fibers.

[0062] The specific preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric is as follows:

[0063] First, prepare the heat insulation layer and the surface layer accordingly. Then, apply the protective adhesive to the heat insulation layer, add the surface layer, and perform hot pressing at 100°C for 30±5 minutes. After the ethanol aqueous solution is removed and the material is completely cured, the flame-retardant fabric for fire breathing apparatus webbing is obtained.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 only in that the composition of the fire-retardant adhesive layer is different. Its composition does not contain phosphates, and the phosphates in the original composition are replaced by an equal amount of succinic anhydride.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 only in that the composition of the fire-retardant adhesive layer is different. Its composition does not contain succinic anhydride, and the succinic anhydride in the original composition is replaced by an equal amount of phosphate.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 only in that the composition of the fire-retardant adhesive layer is different. The fire-retardant adhesive is composed of 80 wt% acrylic resin, 12% silicate cement and 8 wt% aluminum silicate fiber.

[0070] Flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested according to the above steps. The average value of the test results was recorded in the table below.

[0071] Table: Performance test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0072]

[0073] As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing obtained in Example 1 has excellent flame-retardant properties and its afterflame time is only 5.0 seconds. Therefore, it can effectively meet the application requirements in fire-fighting operations and ensure operational safety by inhibiting the melting of the webbing.

[0074] Therefore, it can be seen that the flame-retardant fabric composed of the above-mentioned specific heat insulation layer, fireproof adhesive layer and surface layer can achieve extremely excellent high temperature resistance and high temperature stability through the synergy of the multi-layer structure. The final product performance is improved to varying degrees compared with comparative examples 1-3.

[0075] The possible reasons are as follows: The starch in the above-mentioned fireproof adhesive layer, after being blended with phosphate and succinic anhydride, underwent cross-linking and esterification reactions in sequence, thus forming a stable substance similar to succinic starch phosphate. This component has excellent anti-melting and flame-retardant effects. Therefore, the comparative examples 1-2, which lack any component, affected the formation of the succinic starch phosphate-like substance, and their various properties decreased to varying degrees.

[0076] Examples 2-5

[0077] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 in that the application of the fire-retardant adhesive is different, as shown in the table below.

[0078] Table: Comparison of Fire-Retardant Adhesive Usage in Examples 2-5

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] The flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Examples 2-5 were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested according to the above steps. The average value of the test results was recorded in the table below.

[0082] Table: Performance Test Results of Examples 2-5

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing obtained in Examples 2-5 has excellent flame-retardant properties, with an afterflame time of only 3.8-4.5 seconds. Therefore, it can effectively meet the application requirements in fire-fighting operations and ensure operational safety by inhibiting webbing melting.

[0085] Therefore, it can be seen that the weight ratio of starch, phosphate and succinic anhydride directly affects the performance of the final product. Furthermore, as can be seen from Examples 2-4, the preferred weight ratio of starch, phosphate and succinic anhydride is 1:(0.03-0.05):(0.1-0.3).

[0086] In summary, the reason may be related to the amount of succinate starch phosphate esters produced. Exceeding this range will affect their production. If the amount of phosphate is too low, the subsequent esterification will be affected due to insufficient pre-crosslinking. If the amount of phosphate is too high, the reaction will be affected by the change in pH.

[0087] Examples 6-10

[0088] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 in that the application of the fire-retardant adhesive is different, as shown in the table below.

[0089] Table: Comparison of Fire-Retardant Adhesive Usage in Examples 6-10

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] The flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Examples 6-10 above were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested according to the above steps. The average value of the test results was recorded in the table below.

[0093] Table: Performance Test Results of Examples 6-10

[0094]

[0095] As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing obtained in Examples 6-10 has excellent flame-retardant properties, with an afterflame time of only 4.8-6.5 seconds. Therefore, it can effectively meet the application requirements in fire-fighting operations and ensure operational safety by inhibiting webbing melting.

[0096] Therefore, it can be seen that the preferred phosphate is one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and as can be seen from Examples 9-10, there is no preferred situation for the combined use of phosphate. The reason for this may be that the phosphate is only used as an intermediate reaction raw material and has little impact on the final performance.

[0097] Examples 11-18

[0098] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 in that the application of the fire-retardant adhesive is different, as shown in the table below.

[0099] Table: Comparison of Fire-retardant Adhesive Usage in Examples 11-18

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] The flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Examples 11-18 above were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested according to the above steps. The average value of the test results was recorded in the table below.

[0103] Table: Performance Test Results of Examples 11-18

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing obtained in Examples 11-18 has excellent flame-retardant properties, with an afterflame time of only 3.5-5.4 seconds. Therefore, it can effectively meet the application requirements in fire-fighting operations and ensure operational safety by inhibiting webbing melting.

[0106] Therefore, it can be seen that succinic anhydride is preferably one or more of 2-methylsuccinic anhydride, 2-ethylsuccinic anhydride, dodecylsuccinic anhydride and octenylsuccinic anhydride, and it can also be seen from Examples 14-18 that there are preferred cases of succinic anhydride being used in combination;

[0107] The preferred formulation is composed of dodecyl succinic anhydride and octenyl succinic anhydride in a weight ratio of 1:(0.3-0.5). The reason for this is likely that the specific selection and compounding of succinic anhydride optimizes the types of succinic starch phosphate substances that are ultimately formed.

[0108] Examples 19-20

[0109] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 in that the application of the fire-retardant adhesive is different, as shown in the table below.

[0110] Table: Comparison of Fire-Retardant Adhesive Usage in Examples 19-20

[0111] Group Fire retardant adhesive Example 19 Prepared from Preparation Example 19 Example 20 Prepared from Preparation Example 20

[0112] Comparative Example 4

[0113] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 in that its fire-retardant latex is prepared using a different method, with specific parameters as follows:

[0114] First, starch is mixed in an ethanol solution to form a paste. Then, phosphate is added and the mixture is heated at 100°C for 0.5 hours. Succinic anhydride is then added and the mixture is continued to be mixed for 1 hour to obtain the fire-retardant adhesive.

[0115] Flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Examples 19-20 and Comparative Example 4 were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested according to the above steps. The average value of the test results was recorded in the table below.

[0116] Table: Performance test results of Examples 19-20 and Comparative Example 4

[0117]

[0118] As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing obtained in Examples 19-20 has excellent flame-retardant properties, with an afterflame time of only 4.9-5.0 seconds. Therefore, it can effectively meet the application requirements in fire-fighting operations and ensure operational safety by inhibiting webbing melting.

[0119] Therefore, based on Examples 1, 19-20 and Comparative Example 4, the preferred preparation conditions are as follows:

[0120] First, starch is mixed in an ethanol solution to form a paste. Then, phosphate is added and heated at 68-82℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours. Next, succinic anhydride is added and mixing continues for 2.4-3.6 hours. Finally, the ethanol solution is removed to obtain the fire-retardant adhesive. Comparative Example 4, which exceeds these conditions, shows a significantly increased afterflame time, which may be related to the change in reaction conditions of succinic starch phosphate esters.

[0121] Examples 21-25

[0122] A flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing differs from Example 1 in that the composition of the heat insulation layer raw materials used is different, as shown in the table below.

[0123] Table: Comparison of Insulation Layer Usage in Examples 21-25

[0124]

[0125] The flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Examples 21-25 above were selected as test subjects, and their afterflame time was tested according to the above steps. The average value of the test results was recorded in the table below.

[0126] Table: Performance Test Results of Examples 21-25

[0127]

[0128] As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant fabric for fire-fighting breathing apparatus webbing obtained in Examples 21-25 has excellent flame-retardant properties, with an afterflame time of only 3.3-4.5 seconds. Therefore, it can effectively meet the application requirements in fire-fighting operations and ensure operational safety by inhibiting webbing melting.

[0129] Therefore, the preferred heat insulation layer is a polyimide fiber / silica aerogel heat insulation layer, and the preferred weight ratio of polyimide fiber to silica aerogel is 1:(0.3-0.5). Compared with the conventionally used silica aerogel as a heat insulation layer, its performance is further improved.

[0130] The reason for this may be that the fiber / gel insulation layer with the above-mentioned specific components and weight can effectively block heat through the pores of the components and the network skeleton formed by the fibers, thereby reducing the influence of the external temperature. Therefore, its network skeleton should not be too dense or too loose.

[0131] This specific application example is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this application example without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A fire fighter's airway tube fabric characterized by, The fireproof fabric is composed of a heat insulation layer, a fireproof glue layer and a surface layer from inside to outside. The fireproof glue layer is prepared by curing a fireproof glue solution, and the fireproof glue solution is prepared by mixing starch, phosphate and succinic anhydride in an ethanol solution and heating. The weight ratio of the starch, the phosphate and the succinic anhydride is 1:(0.03-0.05):(0.1-0.3). The phosphate is one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate. The succinic anhydride is complex succinic anhydride, specifically composed of dodecyl succinic anhydride and octenyl succinic anhydride at a weight ratio of 1:(0.3-0.5). The specific preparation steps of the fireproof glue solution are as follows: First, mix the starch in the ethanol solution and mix into a paste, then add the phosphate, and mix and heat at 68-82℃ for 0.5-1.5h, then add the succinic anhydride and continue to mix for 2.4-3.6h to obtain the fireproof glue solution. The heat insulation layer is a fiber / gel heat insulation layer. The fiber / gel heat insulation layer is composed of polyimide fibers and silica aerogel.

2. The flame resistant fabric for fire fighter's harness according to claim 1, wherein The weight ratio of the polyimide fibers and the silica aerogel is 1:(0.5-0.8).

3. The flame resistant fabric for fire fighter's harness according to claim 1, wherein The surface layer is woven from one or more of arnosulfone fiber, aramid fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber and polyvinyl alcohol fiber.

4. A process for the preparation of fire resistant fabric for fire fighter's breathing belt as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The preparation steps are as follows: First, prepare the heat insulation layer and the surface layer, then coat the fireproof glue solution on the heat insulation layer, then add the surface layer and hot-press composite, and then remove the ethanol solution to complete curing to obtain the fireproof fabric for the fire fighter's breathing belt.

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