Solar energy automobile laminated glass and preparation method thereof
By bonding the film layer and the solar cell to the adhesive layer before high temperature and high pressure, the problem of cell misalignment and breakage during the lamination process of laminated glass for solar cars has been solved, achieving high yield and high performance in the preparation of laminated glass.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHANGZHOU ALMADEN
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
In existing solar-powered automotive laminated glass, the solar cells are prone to shifting and cracking during the lamination process, affecting the aesthetics and reducing the performance of the cells. It is also difficult to achieve uniform arrangement and protection of the cells in curved structures.
Before the high temperature and high pressure environment, the film layer and the solar cell are first bonded together. After the film is not completely cured, it is melted under high temperature and high pressure to bond the inner and outer glass. Hot bending of tempered glass and PVB or EVA film layer is used to control the degree of cross-linking of film layer and ensure that the cell does not shift or deform.
It improved production yield, ensured that the cells did not shift or break, improved the appearance of the finished product, and enhanced the impact resistance and power performance of the cells.
Smart Images
Figure CN117774483B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of laminated automotive glass production, and particularly relates to a solar energy automotive laminated glass and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] The existing solar energy automotive laminated glass preparation method is to bond the inner sheet glass and the outer sheet glass with PVB film respectively, place the solar cell sheet in the middle of the two PVB films, and then put it into a high-temperature and high-pressure environment for pressing and covering. In this process, two pieces of glass are needed, whether it is two pieces of curved glass or one piece of curved glass and one piece of flat glass. During the pressing and covering process, both pieces of glass need to be bonded together to become two pieces of curved glass. This leads to the solar cell sheet shifting in the three-dimensional space with the melting of the PVB film, affecting the appearance, and the large translation will cause the cell sheet to be stacked. In addition, the solar cell sheet is usually made of brittle materials such as single-crystal and polycrystalline silicon sheets. In order to make the solar cell sheet fit the curved surface of the curved glass, the solar cell sheet needs to deform plastically to match the curved surface of the curved glass. Once the deformation is too large, the cell sheet is easily broken, which reduces the power of the overall solar energy automotive glass.
[0003] The automobile solar energy power generation canopy has a curvature. The cell sheet is easy to process in a planar assembly, but it is difficult to arrange and ensure consistent spacing in a curved structure, which easily causes cracking and stacking of the cell sheet. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, one technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a preparation method of a solar energy automotive laminated glass, which ensures that the solar cell sheet is not easy to shift and protects the deformation of the solar cell sheet during bending, improves the production yield, and improves the appearance of the finished product. Another technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a solar energy automotive laminated glass prepared by the above method, which has no shift and cracking of the solar cell sheet, and its impact resistance, penetration resistance and power all meet the requirements.
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:
[0006] A preparation method of a solar energy automotive laminated glass, the automotive laminated glass comprising an inner sheet curved glass, a first adhesive film layer, a solar cell sheet, a second adhesive film layer, and an outer sheet glass. Before entering a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the adhesive film layer and the solar cell sheet are glued together, and the adhesive film is not completely cured. After entering the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the inner and outer sheet glasses are bonded again by melting.
[0007] The method for preparing the laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes the following: the inner glass is hot-bent tempered glass with a thickness of 2-5 mm; the outer glass is flat tempered glass or hot-bent tempered glass of the corresponding size with a thickness of 0.3-2 mm; the film layer is a PVB or EVA interlayer; and the solar cell is monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon.
[0008] The method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered vehicles involves using hot-bent tempered glass for both the inner curved glass and the outer glass. A first film layer, a battery string, and a second film layer are laminated together in a laminator to form a single integrated film. Alternatively, curved glass, a single integrated film, and curved glass are laminated together in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment, and then wired. A release film can be added to the outside of the film layer. This involves laminating a release film, a first film layer, a battery string, a second film layer, and a release film together in a laminator to form a single integrated film, and then removing the release film. The release film serves a protective function, preventing melting. The release film can be made of PET.
[0009] The method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered vehicles involves using hot-bent tempered glass for the inner glass and flat tempered glass for the outer glass. A first film layer, a battery string, and a second film layer are laminated together in a laminator to form a single integrated film. The process involves bending glass, forming the integrated film, and then flat glass in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment, followed by wiring. A release film can be added to the outside of the film layer. This results in a lamination process where a release film, a first film layer, a battery string, a second film layer, and a release film are laminated together in a laminator to form a single integrated film. The release film provides protection and prevents melting. The release film can be made of PET.
[0010] The method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered vehicles involves using hot-bent tempered glass for the inner glass and flat tempered glass for the outer glass. The process involves laminating a first film layer, a battery string, a second film layer, and flat glass into a composite layer using a laminator. The centrifugal film is then removed, and the glass is formed in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment using a bent glass + composite layer configuration. Finally, the glass is wired. A release film can be added to the outside of the first film layer, resulting in a composite layer consisting of a release film, the first film layer, a battery string, the second film layer, and flat glass. The release film provides protection and prevents melting; it can be made of PET.
[0011] The method for preparing the laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes laminator parameters as follows: vacuuming time of 1500-2000 s, pressurization pressure of 70-90 kPa, lamination time of 3400-3500 s, and lamination temperature of 130-160℃. Preferably, the vacuuming time is 1800 s, the pressurization pressure is 80 kPa, the lamination time is 3450 s, and the lamination temperature is 145℃.
[0012] The preparation method of the laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes the following autoclave parameters: temperature of 130℃-160℃ and pressure of 10bar-15bar, preferably 145℃ and 12bar.
[0013] The above method produces laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles.
[0014] Beneficial effects: Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention include:
[0015] Before entering the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the film layer and the solar cell are bonded together. At the same time, the film is not completely cured, and it can melt again after entering the high-temperature and high-pressure environment to bond the inner and outer glass layers. This not only ensures that the solar cell is not easily displaced, but also protects the solar cell from deformation during bending, improves the production yield, and improves the appearance of the finished product.
[0016] Individual solar cells are arranged in a planar state and laminated with an encapsulating film or flat glass to ensure that the spacing between the solar cells is consistent and that the electrical performance of the solar cells is intact.
[0017] The film layer can be made of either thermosetting or thermoplastic materials. If it is a thermosetting material, the cross-linking degree of the first battery film lamination should be controlled within 30% to ensure secondary bonding of the second lamination. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 These are structural diagrams of the laminated glass for solar-powered cars in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
[0019] Figure 2 The diagram shows the laminated glass structure of solar-powered cars in Examples 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
[0021] Example 1
[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a type of laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes, from bottom to top, an inner curved glass 11, a first film layer 12, a solar cell 13, a second film layer 14, and an outer flat glass 15; the manufacturing process includes the following steps:
[0023] (1) Processing of inner curved glass 11: Curved glass of the required size with a thickness of 3mm is prepared by cutting, grinding, cleaning, hot bending and tempering.
[0024] (2) Processing of outer flat glass 15: First cut it to the size corresponding to inner curved glass 11, then grind the edge, clean it, and finally chemically temper it to form a thickness of 1mm; immerse the glass in potassium nitrate solution for 100 minutes at a immersion temperature of 425℃ and then take it out. The mass concentration of potassium nitrate solution is 99.9%.
[0025] (3) Place the two PVB films (first film layer 12 and second film layer 14) and the solar cell 13 as follows: Figure 1 Arrange the items as shown, and then place them in a laminator for bonding. The laminator parameters are as follows: vacuum time 1800s, pressure 80kpa, lamination time 3450s, lamination temperature 145℃.
[0026] (4) Assemble the inner curved glass 11, the outer flat glass 15, and the bonded battery cells as follows: Figure 2 After placement as shown, the mixture is placed in an autoclave (high temperature and high pressure environment) for bonding. The autoclave parameters are as follows: temperature 145℃, pressure 12 bar.
[0027] (5) After trimming the pressed glass, connect the wires and perform performance tests.
[0028] In this embodiment, the solar cell did not shift or break, and its impact resistance, penetration resistance, and power all met the requirements.
[0029] Example 2
[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, a type of laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes, from bottom to top, an inner curved glass 11, a first film layer 12, a solar cell 13, a second film layer 14, and an outer flat glass 15; the manufacturing process includes the following steps:
[0031] (1) Processing of inner curved glass 11: Curved glass of the required size with a thickness of 3mm is prepared by cutting, grinding, cleaning, hot bending and tempering.
[0032] (2) Processing of outer flat glass 15: First cut it to the size corresponding to inner curved glass 11, then grind the edge, clean it, and finally chemically temper it to form a thickness of 1mm; immerse the glass in potassium nitrate solution for 100 minutes at a immersion temperature of 425℃ and then take it out. The mass concentration of potassium nitrate solution is 99.9%.
[0033] (3) Place the two PVB films (first film layer 12 and second film layer 14), the solar cell 13, and the flat glass 15 as follows: Figure 1 Arrange the items as shown, and then place them in a laminator for bonding. The laminator parameters are as follows: vacuum time 1800s, pressure 80kpa, lamination time 3450s, lamination temperature 145℃.
[0034] (4) Place the inner curved glass 11 and the bonded battery cell composite layer into an autoclave (high temperature and high pressure environment) for bonding. The autoclave parameters are as follows: temperature is 145℃ and pressure is 12 bar.
[0035] (5) After trimming the pressed glass, connect the wires and perform performance tests.
[0036] In this embodiment, the solar cell did not shift or break, and its impact resistance, penetration resistance, and power all met the requirements.
[0037] Example 3
[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a type of laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes, from bottom to top, an inner curved glass 21, a first film layer 22, a solar cell 23, a second film layer 24, and an outer curved glass 25; the manufacturing process includes the following steps:
[0039] (1) Processing of inner curved glass 21: Curved glass of the required size with a thickness of 3mm is prepared by cutting, grinding, cleaning, hot bending and tempering.
[0040] (2) Processing of outer curved glass 25: First cut it to the size corresponding to 21, then grind the edges, clean it, hot bend it and temper it to make curved glass with a thickness of 3mm;
[0041] (3) Place the two PVB films (first film layer 22 and second film layer 24) and the solar cell 23 as follows: Figure 2 Arrange the items as shown, and then place them in a laminator for bonding. The laminator parameters are as follows: vacuum time 1800s, pressure 80kpa, lamination time 3450s, lamination temperature 145℃.
[0042] 4. Assemble the inner curved glass 21, the outer curved glass 25, and the bonded battery cells as follows: Figure 2 After placement as shown, the mixture is placed in an autoclave (high temperature and high pressure environment) for bonding. The autoclave parameters are as follows: temperature 145℃, pressure 12 bar.
[0043] 5. After trimming the edges of the pressed glass and connecting the wires, perform a performance test.
[0044] In this embodiment, the solar cell did not shift or break, and its impact resistance, penetration resistance, and power all met the requirements.
[0045] Comparative Example 1
[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a type of laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes, from bottom to top, an inner curved glass 11, a first film layer 12, a solar cell 13, a second film layer 14, and an outer flat glass 15; the manufacturing process includes the following steps:
[0047] (1) Processing of inner curved glass 11: Curved glass of the required size with a thickness of 3mm is prepared by cutting, grinding, cleaning, hot bending and tempering.
[0048] (2) Processing of outer flat glass 15: First cut it to the size corresponding to inner curved glass 11, then grind the edge, clean it, and finally chemically temper it to form a thickness of 1mm; immerse the glass in potassium nitrate solution for 100 minutes at a immersion temperature of 425℃ and then take it out. The mass concentration of potassium nitrate solution is 99.9%.
[0049] (3) Place the two PVB films (first film layer 12 and second film layer 14) and the solar cell 13 as follows: Figure 1 After placement as shown, the mixture is placed in an autoclave (high temperature and high pressure environment) for bonding. The autoclave parameters are as follows: temperature 145℃, pressure 12 bar.
[0050] (4) After the pressed glass is trimmed, a performance test is performed.
[0051] In this comparative example, the solar cells are misaligned and cracked.
[0052] Comparative Example 2
[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, a type of laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles includes, from bottom to top, an inner curved glass 21, a first film layer 22, a solar cell 23, a second film layer 24, and an outer curved glass 25; the manufacturing process includes the following steps:
[0054] (1) Processing of inner curved glass 21: Curved glass of the required size with a thickness of 3mm is prepared by cutting, grinding, cleaning, hot bending and tempering.
[0055] (2) Processing of outer curved glass 25: First cut it to the size corresponding to the inner curved glass 21, then grind the edge, clean it, hot bend it and temper it to make curved glass with a thickness of 3mm;
[0056] (3) Place the two PVB films (first film layer 22 and second film layer 24) and the solar cell 23 as follows: Figure 2 After placement as shown, the mixture is placed in an autoclave (high temperature and high pressure environment) for bonding. The autoclave parameters are as follows: temperature 145℃, pressure 12 bar.
[0057] (4) After the pressed glass is trimmed, a performance test is performed.
[0058] In this comparative example, the solar cells are misaligned and cracked.
[0059] The power, penetration resistance, and impact resistance of the laminated automotive glass prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested, and their appearance changes were observed. The above performance test methods refer to standards GB-T-5137.1-2020 and GB-T-5137.2-2020. The test results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the results in Table 1, Examples 1, 2, and 3 meet the performance requirements without exhibiting cell misalignment or breakage.
[0060] Table 1 Performance Test Results of Laminated Glass for Solar-Powered Cars
[0061] Power Penetration resistance Impact resistance Appearance Example 1 OK OK OK No displacement, no breakage Example 2 OK OK OK No displacement, no breakage Example 3 OK OK OK No displacement, no breakage Comparative Example 1 NG OK OK Displacement, breakage Comparative Example 2 NG OK OK Displacement, breakage
[0062] Note: OK indicates that the requirements have been met and the customer's requirements are satisfied; NG indicates that the requirements have not been met and the customer's requirements are not satisfied.
Claims
1. A method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles, characterized in that, The automotive laminated glass includes an inner curved glass, a first film layer, a solar cell, a second film layer, and an outer glass. Before entering the autoclave, the first film layer, the solar cell, and the second film layer are bonded together sequentially using a laminator. At the same time, the adhesive film is not completely cured and is melted again after entering the autoclave to bond the inner curved glass and the outer glass. The inner curved glass is hot-bent tempered glass with a thickness of 2-5mm; the outer glass is flat tempered glass or hot-bent tempered glass of the corresponding size with a thickness of 0.3-2mm; the first film layer is a PVB or EVA interlayer film, and the second film layer is a PVB or EVA interlayer film; the solar cell is monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon. The laminator parameters are as follows: vacuuming time is 1500-2000s, pressurization pressure is 70-90kPa, lamination time is 3400-3500s, and lamination temperature is 130-160℃; the autoclave parameters are as follows: temperature is 130-160℃, and pressure is 10bar-15bar.
2. The method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, When both the inner curved glass and the outer glass are hot-bent tempered glass, a first film layer, a solar cell, and a second film layer are used to laminate them into an integrated film using a laminator. The inner curved glass, the integrated film, and the outer glass are then formed in an autoclave and finally connected.
3. The method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the inner curved glass is hot-bent tempered glass and the outer glass is flat tempered glass, a first film layer, a solar cell, and a second film layer are laminated into an integrated film using a laminator. The inner curved glass, integrated film, and outer glass are then formed in an autoclave and finally connected.
4. The method for preparing laminated glass for solar-powered automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the inner curved glass is hot-bent tempered glass and the outer glass is flat tempered glass, the process involves laminating a first film layer, a solar cell, a second film layer, and an outer glass layer into a composite layer using a laminator. The process also involves forming the inner curved glass and the composite layer in an autoclave, followed by wiring.
5. A solar-powered laminated glass for automobiles prepared by the method described in claim 1.