A wind-driven solid fertilizer variable delivery drone

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-rate delivery drone of solid fertilizer by air, comprising a drone body and a variable-rate fertilizing device; the variable-rate fertilizing device comprises a fertilizer box, a variable-rate feeding mechanism and a centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism by air; the variable-rate feeding mechanism is located below the fertilizer box, and comprises a variable-rate feeding housing, a variable-rate feeding wheel and a rotary feeding driving mechanism; the variable-rate feeding wheel is provided with a plurality of feeding troughs uniformly arranged around the axis circumference of the variable-rate feeding wheel; the centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism by air comprises a wind conveying mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism; the wind conveying mechanism comprises a wind conveying housing and a blower, and a wind conveying channel is provided in the wind conveying housing; the centrifugal mechanism comprises a centrifugal housing, a centrifugal wheel disc and a centrifugal driving mechanism; a spreading port is provided on the centrifugal housing, and the spreading port is located below the centrifugal wheel disc. The variable-rate delivery drone can adjust the delivery amount of solid fertilizer, has good flexibility, and is conducive to coping with different planting occasions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a plant protection drone, and in particular to a wind-transported solid fertilizer variable delivery drone. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer application is an effective way to effectively treat the lack of nutrients in the remaining cycle of crops and is the most commonly used method of increasing production in field production. During the growth of crops, high-frequency and small-scale fertilizer application can significantly increase the average per-acre yield of crops, playing an important role in ensuring food production security and agricultural efficiency and high yield. However, the field planting model is generally reflected in small plots, single areas, and long-term intensive production. Specifically, it is reflected in the extensive agricultural management model guided by farmers' long-term experience in fertilization. The fertilizer supply structure is unreasonable, resulting in a large waste of resources and increased agricultural production costs.

[0003] Traditional fertilization methods are mostly manual spreading or large-scale ground machinery. With limited and underutilized land area, agricultural planting faces some challenges, especially in areas such as shallows and paddy fields, which are often difficult to use effectively. Traditional sowing and fertilization methods mainly rely on manpower or machinery, but manual sowing is inefficient and labor-intensive, and mechanical sowing has some limitations. Handheld mechanical sowing has limited effect on improving efficiency and cannot meet the needs of large-scale sowing. Although large-scale ground mechanical sowing can cover a larger area, it faces problems such as difficulty in entering the field and slow travel speed in paddy fields and shallows. It is also easy to cause damage to farmland crops and the machine itself, affecting crop yields.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the prior art has proposed some plant protection drones, which can carry out sowing, fertilizing and spraying in the air by carrying different material delivery mechanisms. This method avoids the problems of handheld machinery and large ground machinery in farmland. However, the existing plant protection drones cannot adjust the delivery amount of solid fertilizers, have poor flexibility, and are difficult to cope with different planting occasions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a variable-speed air-assisted solid fertilizer delivery drone, which can adjust the delivery amount of solid fertilizer, has good flexibility, and is conducive to coping with different planting occasions.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A variable-rate fertilization drone for air-transported solid fertilizer delivery, comprising a drone body and a variable-rate fertilization device arranged on the drone body;

[0008] The variable fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box, a variable feeding mechanism and an air-conveying centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism;

[0009] The variable material feeding mechanism is located below the fertilizer box, and comprises a variable material feeding shell, a variable material feeding wheel and a rotary material feeding driving mechanism; the variable material feeding shell is connected with the fertilizer box; the variable material feeding wheel is arranged in the inner cavity of the variable material feeding shell, and the variable material feeding wheel is provided with a plurality of material feeding grooves evenly arranged around the circumference of the axis of the variable material feeding wheel, and the axis of the variable material feeding wheel is arranged horizontally; the driving end of the rotary material feeding driving mechanism is connected with the variable material feeding wheel;

[0010] The air-conveying centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism includes an air-conveying mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism; the air-conveying mechanism includes an air-conveying housing and a fan, the air-conveying housing is connected with a variable discharge housing, and an air-conveying channel is arranged in the air-conveying housing; the centrifugal mechanism includes a centrifugal housing, a centrifugal wheel and a centrifugal driving mechanism for driving the centrifugal wheel to rotate; the centrifugal housing and the fan are respectively located at two ends of the air-conveying channel; the centrifugal wheel is arranged in the inner cavity of the centrifugal housing, and the axis of the centrifugal wheel is arranged horizontally; a spreading port is provided on the centrifugal housing, and the spreading port is located below the centrifugal wheel; a plurality of centrifugal plates are evenly arranged around the axis of the centrifugal wheel on one side of the centrifugal wheel close to the air-conveying channel, and a spreading trough for receiving materials is formed between two adjacent centrifugal plates.

[0011] The working principle of the above-mentioned wind-blown solid fertilizer variable delivery drone is:

[0012] When working, first put the fertilizer into the fertilizer box, then control the drone to fly over the designated work area and hover; during the fertilizer spreading process, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box falls down onto the variable feeding wheel under the action of gravity; at the same time, the variable feeding wheel is driven to rotate by the rotary feeding drive mechanism, and the feeding trough of the variable feeding wheel sequentially transfers the fertilizer downward to the air delivery channel of the air delivery housing. Among them, by controlling the power of the rotary feeding drive mechanism, the rotation speed of the variable feeding wheel can be adjusted according to actual needs to obtain the desired feeding amount, thereby realizing variable fertilization.

[0013] A high-speed airflow is blown into the air delivery channel by the fan, and the high-speed airflow blows the fertilizer in the air delivery channel into the spreading groove of the centrifugal wheel; at the same time, the centrifugal wheel is driven to rotate by the centrifugal drive mechanism, and the fertilizer is driven to rotate by the centrifugal wheel. In this process, the fertilizer generates centrifugal force; when the fertilizer moves to the spreading port, it directly passes through the spreading port and falls down, thereby completing the fertilizer spreading.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one partition mechanism is provided in the fertilizer box, and the partition mechanism includes a partition and an adjustment drive mechanism for adjusting the position of the partition; the partition divides the inner cavity of the fertilizer box into a plurality of fertilizer cavities.

[0015] Furthermore, the partition mechanism also includes a partition adjustment hinge, the upper end of which is hinged to the bottom of the partition, and the lower end of which is hinged to the bottom surface of the fertilizer box; the partition adjustment hinge includes at least one set of retractable connection components, which includes two retractable connectors that snap together, and the cross-section of the retractable connector is a rectangular planar spiral structure, and the planar spiral structure is provided with a movable space that can be retracted in the length direction of the rectangle. Through the above structure, when adjusting the position of the partition, the connection position of the partition adjustment hinge and the fertilizer box remains unchanged, so that the position of the partition can be adjusted to obtain fertilizer cavities of different sizes, thereby loading different fertilizers, and at the same time, the partition or the partition adjustment hinge is prevented from interfering with the feed port of the fertilizer box, which is very clever.

[0016] Furthermore, the same partition mechanism is provided with at least two groups of telescopic connection components, and two adjacent groups of telescopic connection components are hingedly connected via an intermediate hinge.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjustment drive mechanism includes an adjustment drive motor and an adjustment transmission assembly, the adjustment transmission assembly includes a screw and a screw nut, the axis of the screw is perpendicular to the large surface of the partition, and the screw nut is fixedly connected to the partition; the two sides of the partition are respectively attached to the two inner sides of the fertilizer box. Through the above structure, under the drive of the adjustment drive motor, the partition can be translated in the inner cavity of the fertilizer box to adjust its position.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of feed openings are provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the number of the feed openings is the same as the number of the fertilizer chambers; an intermediate feed box body docking with a variable feed shell is provided below the feed openings.

[0019] Furthermore, an automatic switch structure is provided at the feed opening, and the automatic switch structure includes a shutter-type switch structure and / or a spiral switch structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the intermediate material discharging box is connected to the variable material discharging shell through a quick disassembly structure.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary material discharge drive mechanism comprises a rotary material discharge drive motor, and the output shaft of the rotary material discharge drive motor is connected to the variable material discharge wheel.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the air conveying shell is an inclined structure, and a plurality of downstream grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the inner cavity to prevent the solid fertilizer from staying at the bottom.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air delivery mechanism further comprises a transfer cover and an air guide cover;

[0024] The adapter cover is in sealed communication with the fan through a grid;

[0025] The two ends of the air guide cover are sealed and connected to the adapter cover and the air delivery housing respectively, and the air guide cover is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged air guide holes. Through the above structure, the internal wind field can be stabilized so that the falling fertilizer can be evenly blown to the centrifugal wheel.

[0026] Furthermore, the height of the air guide hole is smaller than the diameter of the fertilizer to prevent the falling solid fertilizer from entering the fan and causing damage.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugal discs and the centrifugal drive mechanism are each provided with two groups; the two groups of centrifugal discs are located at the same level; and the driving directions of the two groups of centrifugal drive mechanisms are opposite. In this way, the fertilizer is delivered downward from the middle position through the two centrifugal discs, and the downward airflow assistance is obtained under the airflow of the rotor wind field, so that the rotor airflow can be better utilized to promote the solid fertilizer.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugal drive mechanism comprises a centrifugal drive motor, and an output shaft of the centrifugal drive motor is connected to the centrifugal wheel.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The variable delivery UAV of the present invention can adjust the rotation speed of the variable feeding wheel according to actual needs by controlling the power of the rotating feeding drive mechanism to obtain a desired feeding amount, thereby realizing variable fertilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The figure is a side view of the variable-speed air-assisted solid fertilizer delivery drone of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air-assisted solid fertilizer variable delivery drone of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3-4 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the variable fertilization device of the present invention are shown in two different viewing angles.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fertilizer box of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7-8 The diagram is a side view of the partition plate and the partition adjustment hinge of the partition mechanism of the present invention in two different states.

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the variable material feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the variable feeding mechanism of the present invention from another perspective.

[0039] Figure 11-12 The three-dimensional structure exploded schematic diagrams of the air-conveying centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism of the present invention are shown in two different viewing angles.

[0040] Fig.13 It is a schematic exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the centrifugal mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0042] See also Figure 1-6 The variable-speed solid fertilizer delivery drone of this embodiment includes a drone body 1 and a variable-speed fertilization device arranged on the drone body 1; the variable-speed fertilization device includes a fertilizer box 2, a variable-speed feeding mechanism and a wind-driven centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism; wherein two groups of partition mechanisms are arranged in the fertilizer box 2, each group of partition mechanisms includes a partition 3 and an adjusting drive mechanism for adjusting the position of the partition 3; the partition 3 divides the inner cavity of the fertilizer box 2 into a plurality of fertilizer cavities.

[0043] See also Figure 6-8 , the partition mechanism also includes a partition adjustment hinge, the upper end of which is hinged to the bottom of the partition 3, and the lower end of which is hinged to the bottom surface of the fertilizer box 2; the partition adjustment hinge includes at least one set of telescopic connection components, which includes two telescopic connection components 4 that are buckled forward and backward, and the cross-section of the telescopic connection component 4 is a rectangular planar spiral structure, and the planar spiral structure is provided with a movable space for telescopic movement in the length direction of the rectangle. Through the above structure, when adjusting the position of the partition 3, the connection position of the partition adjustment hinge and the fertilizer box 2 remains unchanged, so that the position of the partition 3 can be adjusted to obtain fertilizer cavities of different sizes, thereby loading different fertilizers, and at the same time, the partition 3 or the partition adjustment hinge is prevented from interfering with the feed port of the fertilizer box 2, which is very clever.

[0044] See also Figure 7-8 The same partition mechanism has at least two groups of telescopic connection components, and two adjacent groups of telescopic connection components are hingedly connected via an intermediate hinge 5.

[0045] See also Figure 6 The adjustment drive mechanism includes an adjustment drive motor 6 and an adjustment transmission assembly, the adjustment transmission assembly includes a screw rod 7 and a screw rod nut, the axis of the screw rod 7 is perpendicular to the large surface of the partition 3, and the screw rod nut is fixedly connected to the partition 3; the two side surfaces of the partition 3 are respectively attached to the two inner side surfaces of the fertilizer box 2. Through the above structure, under the drive of the adjustment drive motor 6, the partition 3 can be translated in the inner cavity of the fertilizer box 2 to adjust the position.

[0046] See also Figure 5 The bottom of the fertilizer box 2 is provided with three feeding ports, and the number of the feeding ports is the same as the number of the fertilizer chambers; below the feeding ports is provided an intermediate feeding box body 8 which is connected to the variable feeding mechanism.

[0047] Furthermore, an automatic switch structure is provided at the feed opening, and the automatic switch structure includes a shutter-type switch structure and / or a spiral switch structure. The specific structure may refer to the prior art.

[0048] See also Figure 3-4 The intermediate material discharging box 8 is connected to the variable material discharging mechanism through a quick disassembly structure, and the quick disassembly structure can refer to the prior art.

[0049] See also Figure 3-4 and Figure 9-10 The variable feeding mechanism is located below the fertilizer box 2, and includes a variable feeding shell 9, a variable feeding wheel 10 and a rotary feeding drive mechanism; the variable feeding shell 9 is connected to the fertilizer box 2; the variable feeding wheel 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the variable feeding shell 9, and the variable feeding wheel 10 is provided with a plurality of feeding troughs 10-1 evenly arranged around the axis of the variable feeding wheel 10, and the axis of the variable feeding wheel 10 is arranged horizontally; the rotary feeding drive mechanism includes a rotary feeding drive motor 11, and the output shaft of the rotary feeding drive motor 11 is connected to the variable feeding wheel 10.

[0050] See also Figure 1-4 and Figure 11-12 The air-conveying centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism includes an air-conveying mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism; the air-conveying mechanism includes an air-conveying shell 12 and a fan 13, the air-conveying shell 12 is connected to the variable feeding shell 9, and an air-conveying channel is arranged in the air-conveying shell 12; wherein, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the air-conveying shell 12 is an inclined structure of 15°, and a plurality of downstream grooves are arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity, which can prevent the solid fertilizer from staying at the bottom.

[0051] See also Figure 1-4 and Figure 11-12 The air delivery mechanism further includes an adapter cover 14 and an air guide cover 16; the adapter cover 14 is sealed and connected to the fan 13 through a grid 17; the two ends of the air guide cover 16 are sealed and connected to the adapter cover 14 and the air delivery housing 12, respectively, and the air guide cover 16 is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged air guide holes. Through the above structure, the internal wind field can be stabilized so that the falling fertilizer can be evenly blown to the centrifugal mechanism.

[0052] Furthermore, the height of the air guide hole is smaller than the diameter of the fertilizer to prevent the falling solid fertilizer from entering the fan 13 and causing damage.

[0053] See also Figure 1-4 and Figure 11-13 The centrifugal mechanism includes a centrifugal housing 18, a centrifugal disc 19 and a centrifugal driving mechanism for driving the centrifugal disc 19 to rotate; the centrifugal housing 18 and the fan 13 are respectively located at the two ends of the air delivery channel; the centrifugal disc 19 is arranged in the inner cavity of the centrifugal housing 18, and the axis of the centrifugal disc 19 is arranged horizontally; the centrifugal housing 18 is provided with a material spreading port 18-1, and the material spreading port 18-1 is located below the centrifugal disc 19; a side of the centrifugal disc 19 close to the air delivery channel is provided with a plurality of centrifugal plates evenly arranged around the axis of the centrifugal disc 19, and a material spreading trough 19-1 for receiving materials is formed between two adjacent centrifugal plates.

[0054] See also Figure 1-4 and Figure 11-13 The centrifugal discs 19 and the centrifugal drive mechanism are provided with two groups; the two groups of centrifugal discs 19 are located at the same level; the driving directions of the two groups of centrifugal drive mechanisms are opposite. In this way, the fertilizer is delivered downward from the middle position through the two centrifugal discs 19, and the downward airflow assistance is obtained under the airflow of the rotor wind field, so that the rotor airflow can be better utilized to promote the solid fertilizer.

[0055] Furthermore, the centrifugal drive mechanism includes a centrifugal drive motor 20 , and an output shaft of the centrifugal drive motor 20 is connected to the centrifugal wheel 19 .

[0056] Specifically, this embodiment also includes a control system, which also includes a data processing module, a data transmission module, a GPS positioning module and an MCU. The data processing module is connected to the brushless motors of each mechanism and the corresponding encoder through the embedded module, and the data transmission module is used to communicate with the ground station.

[0057] Furthermore, an industrial camera is provided on the outside of the centrifugal mechanism to analyze the delivery status, delivery amplitude, density and fertilizer status in real time, and transmit the data through the data processing module and MCU to control the delivery amplitude and density, and then transmit it to the ground station through the data transmission module.

[0058] See also Figure 1-4 and Figure 11-13 The working principle of the variable-speed air-assisted solid fertilizer delivery drone of this embodiment is as follows:

[0059] When working, first put the fertilizer into the fertilizer box 2, then control the drone to fly over the designated working area and hover; during the fertilizer spreading process, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 2 falls down onto the variable feeding wheel 10 under the action of gravity; at the same time, the variable feeding wheel 10 is driven to rotate by the rotary feeding drive mechanism, and the feeding trough 10-1 of the variable feeding wheel 10 sequentially conveys the fertilizer downward to the air delivery channel of the air delivery housing 12. Among them, by controlling the power of the rotary feeding drive mechanism, the rotation speed of the variable feeding wheel 10 can be adjusted according to actual needs to obtain the desired feeding amount, thereby realizing variable fertilization.

[0060] A high-speed airflow is blown into the air delivery channel by the fan 13, and the high-speed airflow blows the fertilizer in the air delivery channel into the spreading groove 19-1 of the centrifugal wheel 19; at the same time, the centrifugal wheel 19 is driven to rotate by the centrifugal drive mechanism, and the fertilizer is driven to rotate by the centrifugal wheel 19. In this process, the fertilizer generates centrifugal force; when the fertilizer moves to the spreading port 18-1, it directly passes through the spreading port 18-1 and falls downward, thereby completing the fertilizer spreading.

[0061] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-speed delivery drone for solid fertilizers delivered by wind, characterized in that: It includes a drone body and a variable fertilization device arranged on the drone body; The variable fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box, a variable feeding mechanism and an air-conveying centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism; The variable material feeding mechanism is located below the fertilizer box, and comprises a variable material feeding shell, a variable material feeding wheel and a rotary material feeding driving mechanism; the variable material feeding shell is connected with the fertilizer box; the variable material feeding wheel is arranged in the inner cavity of the variable material feeding shell, and the variable material feeding wheel is provided with a plurality of material feeding grooves evenly arranged around the circumference of the axis of the variable material feeding wheel, and the axis of the variable material feeding wheel is arranged horizontally; the driving end of the rotary material feeding driving mechanism is connected with the variable material feeding wheel; The air-conveying centrifugal fertilizer spreading mechanism comprises an air-conveying mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism; the air-conveying mechanism comprises an air-conveying housing and a fan, the air-conveying housing is connected with a variable material discharge housing, and an air-conveying channel is arranged in the air-conveying housing; the centrifugal mechanism comprises a centrifugal housing, a centrifugal wheel and a centrifugal driving mechanism for driving the centrifugal wheel to rotate; the centrifugal housing and the fan are respectively located at two ends of the air-conveying channel; the centrifugal wheel is arranged in the inner cavity of the centrifugal housing, and the axis of the centrifugal wheel is arranged horizontally; a spreading port is provided on the centrifugal housing, and the spreading port is located below the centrifugal wheel; a plurality of centrifugal plates are evenly arranged around the circumference of the axis of the centrifugal wheel on one side of the centrifugal wheel close to the air-conveying channel, and a spreading trough for receiving materials is formed between two adjacent centrifugal plates; At least one partition mechanism is provided in the fertilizer box, and the partition mechanism includes a partition and an adjustment drive mechanism for adjusting the position of the partition; the partition divides the inner cavity of the fertilizer box into a plurality of fertilizer cavities; The partition mechanism further comprises a partition adjustment hinge, the upper end of which is hinged to the bottom of the partition, and the lower end of which is hinged to the bottom surface of the fertilizer box; the partition adjustment hinge comprises at least one set of telescopic connection components, the telescopic connection components comprising two telescopic connection members that are buckled forward and backward, the cross section of the telescopic connection member is a rectangular plane spiral structure, and the plane spiral structure is provided with a movable space for telescoping in the length direction of the rectangle; The same partition mechanism has at least two groups of telescopic connection components, and two adjacent groups of telescopic connection components are hingedly connected via an intermediate hinge; The adjusting drive mechanism includes an adjusting drive motor and an adjusting transmission assembly, the adjusting transmission assembly includes a screw rod and a screw rod nut, the axis of the screw rod is perpendicular to the main board surface of the partition, and the screw rod nut is fixedly connected to the partition; the two side surfaces of the partition are respectively attached to the two inner side surfaces of the fertilizer box.

2. The variable-rate delivery drone for air-blown solid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a plurality of feeding openings, the number of which is the same as the number of the fertilizer chambers; an intermediate feeding box body docking with a variable feeding shell body is provided below the feeding openings.

3. The variable-rate delivery drone for air-blown solid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner cavity bottom surface of the air delivery housing is an inclined structure, and a plurality of downstream grooves are arranged on the inner cavity bottom surface.

4. The variable-rate delivery drone for air-blown solid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air delivery mechanism also includes a transfer cover and an air guide cover; The adapter cover is in sealed communication with the fan through a grid; The two ends of the air guide cover are respectively in sealed communication with the adapter cover and the air delivery shell, and the air guide cover is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged air guide holes.

5. The variable-rate delivery drone for air-blown solid fertilizer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The height of the air guide hole is smaller than the diameter of the fertilizer.

6. The variable-rate delivery drone for air-blown solid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal wheel discs and the centrifugal driving mechanisms are each provided with two groups; the two groups of centrifugal wheel discs are located at the same level; and the driving directions of the two groups of centrifugal driving mechanisms are opposite.

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