A method for suction penetration construction of an underwater large cylindrical foundation

Abstract

The application discloses a suction sinking construction method of an underwater large cylinder foundation, and comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a top cover, wherein the top cover comprises a top cover plate, pump blocks installed on the top cover plate and aligned with pump openings, a plurality of top cover lifting lugs installed on the top cover plate and a plurality of hydraulic connection mechanisms installed on the edges of the top cover plate; step two, hoisting the top cover by using a crane ship and installing the top cover on the top of the large cylinder by using the plurality of hydraulic connection mechanisms; step three, hoisting and positioning the foundation; step four, first opening an exhaust and drainage valve, then gradually lowering the lifting hooks of the crane ship to lower the large cylinder foundation into water, so that the large cylinder foundation sinks and penetrates under the action of the weight and overcomes the resistance; step five, starting a water pump to discharge the water in the large cylinder by the water pump and to sink until the large cylinder foundation sinks to the design elevation; and step six, injecting water into the large cylinder by the water pump and hoisting the top cover out of the water by the crane ship. The application can reduce the investment in large construction equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a suction sinking construction method for underwater large cylindrical foundations. Background Technology

[0002] In waterway engineering, there are already engineering applications that utilize rapidly vibratory-sinking steel cylinders with diameters of 10–20 m to quickly form cofferdams and provide dry working conditions. The steel cylinder 1 has no top cover or bottom plate, has a large planar dimension, and includes a cylindrical body 10, vertical reinforcing ribs 11 evenly distributed around the circumference and fixed to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 10, circumferential reinforcing plates 12 fixed to the upper part of the inner surface of the cylindrical body 10, and a top ring plate 13 fixed to the top of the outer surface of the cylindrical body 10 (see...). Figure 1a and Figure 1b In marine engineering involving the excavation and utilization of underwater space, large steel cylinders can also be used as maintenance structures. This involves first installing the steel cylinder in place, then using specialized equipment to excavate the soil inside the cylinder, thus creating an underwater space for installing underwater equipment or engineering equipment. Due to navigation requirements, the top surface of the large steel cylinder needs to be flush with the seabed. Advantages include the large steel cylinder not bearing the load of upper wave currents and saving steel, but this brings difficulties to underwater installation. Most existing applications of large steel cylinders use a parallel set of vibratory hammers for underwater vibratory sinking. Underwater installation places higher demands on the vibratory hammers and related equipment such as oil pipes, and the difficulty and cost of traditional installation methods increase with depth. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an underwater installation scheme for large cylinders that is not limited by water depth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a suction sinking construction method for underwater large cylindrical foundations. It achieves the sinking and installation of large cylindrical foundations by introducing a top cover and making full use of the ambient water depth, thereby reducing the investment in large construction equipment.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a suction-driven construction method for underwater large cylindrical foundations, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Prepare the top cover of the large cylinder, and extend a ring plate sleeve coaxially upward from the edge of the top ring plate of the large cylinder. A side groove is formed on the lower part of the inner circumference of this ring plate sleeve. A flat groove is formed coaxially on the top surface of the top ring plate. Flexible water-stop strips are installed in both the side groove and the flat groove. Several annular plate perforations are evenly distributed radially on the upper part of the ring plate sleeve. The top cover includes a top cover plate with a diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the ring plate sleeve, a pump port formed on the top cover plate, and a pump port mounted on the top cover plate. The system includes a pump skid with the nozzle aligned with the pump head, several top cover lugs evenly distributed on the top cover plate, and several hydraulic connection mechanisms installed on the edge of the top cover plate. The bottom surface of the top cover plate has a planar flange corresponding to a ring of planar grooves on the top ring plate. A cover plate sleeve extends coaxially upward from the edge of the top cover plate. The lower part of the outer circumference of the cover plate sleeve has a side flange corresponding to a ring of side grooves on the ring plate sleeve. The upper part of the cover plate sleeve has several radially evenly distributed through holes that correspond to several ring plate perforations on the ring plate sleeve. A corresponding cover plate perforation; several hydraulic connection mechanisms are installed on the top cover plate in a one-to-one correspondence with the several cover plate perforations. Each hydraulic connection mechanism includes a reaction frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a pin, and a cover mounted on the top cover plate; the reaction frame is installed on the top surface of the top cover plate; the hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the reaction frame; the pin is connected to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the outer end of the pin is provided with a limiting end plate with a diameter larger than the diameter of the pin; the cover is inverted U-shaped, and the inner sidewall of the cover is fixed to the reaction frame. On the outer end face, an inner through hole coaxial with the through hole of the cover plate and adapted to the diameter of the pin is opened on the inner side wall of the cover, so that the cover is fitted onto the pin through the inner through hole. An outer through hole coaxial with the inner through hole and adapted to the diameter of the limiting end plate is opened on the outer side wall of the cover. When the cover is fitted onto the cover plate sleeve and the ring plate sleeve, when the piston rod of the oil cylinder extends, the limiting end plate at the outer end of the driving pin passes through the through hole of the cover plate and the through hole of the ring plate in sequence and enters the outer through hole of the cover.

[0006] Step two, preparations before lifting the foundation: Use shackles to connect the slings to the lifting lugs on the top cover. Use a crane barge to lift the top cover and install it on top of the large cylinder located on the transport barge. During installation, use the ring grooves on the top ring plate of the large cylinder and the ring grooves on the side ring plate to position it one-to-one with the ring flanges on the top cover plate and the ring flanges on the cover plate. After positioning, release the lifting force without unhooking, allowing the top cover to fall onto the top ring plate of the large cylinder under its own weight. Simultaneously control the piston rods of several hydraulic connection mechanism cylinders to extend, driving the limiting end plate at the outer end of the pin to pass through the cover plate through hole and the ring plate through hole in sequence and enter the outer through hole of the cover shell, thus realizing the connection between the top cover and the large cylinder.

[0007] Step 3: Foundation lifting and positioning. Gradually increase the lifting force of the crane ship, and lift the large cylindrical foundation consisting of the large cylinder and the top cover as a whole through several top cover lifting lugs. Then, position the large cylindrical foundation according to the design coordinates through the GPS system.

[0008] Step 4: Sinking under its own weight. First, open the exhaust and drainage valve on the pump skid on the top cover. Then, gradually lower the hook of the crane ship to lower the large cylindrical foundation into the water. The water and air inside the large cylindrical foundation will be freely discharged through the exhaust and drainage valve, allowing the large cylindrical foundation to overcome resistance and sink under its own weight.

[0009] Step 5, suction sinking: When the lifting load of the crane vessel is only 10% of the self-weight of the large cylindrical foundation, and the large cylindrical foundation no longer sinks, the self-weight sinking is considered to be over. At this time, the lifting force of the crane vessel is released, but the hook is not released. The main hook of the crane vessel is lowered synchronously with the large cylindrical foundation, so that the large cylindrical foundation is not subjected to the lifting force. Adjust the valve pipeline and start the water pump on the pump skid to discharge the water in the large cylindrical foundation, so as to realize the suction sinking of the large cylindrical foundation. During the sinking process, the internal and external pressure difference, sinking rate, sinking depth and inclination of the large cylindrical foundation are monitored in real time until the large cylindrical foundation sinks to the design elevation.

[0010] Step Six: Top Cover Retraction. After the large cylindrical foundation is in place, first, simultaneously control the piston rods of several hydraulic connection mechanisms to retract, driving the pin shaft to retract and disconnect the top cover from the large cylindrical cylinder. Then, adjust the pipeline valves to enable the pump skid to inject water in reverse, start the water pump to inject water into the large cylindrical cylinder, and avoid creating suction during the lifting of the top cover. While maintaining stable water injection by the water pump, the crane ship slowly increases the lifting force to lift the top cover. At the moment of starting the lifting of the top cover, due to the failure of the seal, the internal pressure difference of the large cylindrical cylinder drops rapidly to zero. At this time, turn off the water pump and slowly increase the lifting force of the crane ship to lift the top cover out of the water.

[0011] The suction sinking construction method for the above-mentioned underwater large cylindrical foundation includes a radial reinforcing rib, an inner circumferential reinforcing rib, and an outer circumferential reinforcing rib on the top surface of the top cover.

[0012] The underwater large cylindrical foundation suction sinking construction method of the present invention has the following characteristics: By introducing a reusable top cover, the topless large cylindrical body is transformed into a top-covered large cylindrical body, forming a sealed space for the large cylindrical body. Then, a pump skid installed on the top cover is used to pump water to create an internal and external pressure difference (suction), providing conditions for the sinking of the large cylindrical foundation. The construction method of the present invention is more suitable for underwater operations, and can obtain suction that is proportional to water depth. It can make full use of the ambient water depth to achieve the sinking installation of the large cylindrical body. In addition, the construction method of the present invention does not require a large parallel vibratory hammer assembly, thereby reducing the investment in large construction equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1aIt is a plan view of a large cylinder;

[0014] Figure 1b It is an elevation view of a large cylinder;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view of the top cover in step one of the construction method of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic connection mechanism in the top cover (with the cylinder extended).

[0017] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic connection mechanism in the top cover (cylinder retracted state).

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the top cover and the large cylinder in step one of the construction method of this invention.

[0019] Figure 3a yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the P-section;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a first state diagram during step two of the construction method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a second state diagram during step two of the construction method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a state diagram during step four of the construction method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a state diagram during step five of the construction method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a first state diagram during step six of the construction method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a second state diagram during step six of the construction method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The suction-driven sinking construction method for underwater large cylindrical foundations of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Prepare the top cover 2 of the large cylinder 1, and extend a ring plate sleeve 130 coaxially upward from the edge of the ring plate 13 at the top of the large cylinder 1. A side groove 132 is formed on the lower part of the inner circumference of the ring plate sleeve 130; a plane groove 131 is formed coaxially on the top surface of the ring plate 13. Flexible waterstop strips 14 are installed in both the side groove 132 and the plane groove 131; eight ring plate perforations are evenly distributed radially on the upper part of the ring plate sleeve 130; the top cover 2 includes a top cover plate 20 with a diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the ring plate sleeve 130, a pump port 21 formed on the top cover plate 20, and a device installed on the top cover plate 20 and aligned with the pump port 21. The top cover plate 20 includes a standard pump skid 22, four top cover lifting lugs 23 evenly distributed on the top cover plate 20, and eight hydraulic connection mechanisms 3 installed on the edge of the top cover plate 20. The top surface of the top cover plate 20 is also provided with radial reinforcing ribs 201, inner circumferential reinforcing ribs 202, and outer circumferential reinforcing ribs 203. The bottom surface of the top cover plate 20 is provided with a planar flange corresponding to a planar groove 131 on the cylinder top ring plate 13. A cover sleeve 200 extends coaxially upward from the edge of the top cover plate 20. The lower part of the outer circumferential surface of the cover sleeve 200 is provided with a side flange corresponding to a side groove 132 on the ring plate sleeve 130. Eight cover plate holes, evenly distributed radially on the upper part, correspond one-to-one with the eight annular plate holes on the ring plate sleeve 130. Eight hydraulic connection mechanisms 3 are installed on the top cover plate 20, corresponding one-to-one with the eight cover plate holes. Each hydraulic connection mechanism 3 includes a reaction frame 31, a cylinder 32, a pin 33, and a cover 35 installed on the top cover plate 20. The reaction frame 31 is a horizontal U-shaped block with its opening facing outwards, installed on the top surface of the top cover plate 20. The cylinder 32 is installed inside the reaction frame 31. The pin 33 is connected to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 32, and the outer end of the pin 33 is provided with a limiting end plate 34 with a diameter larger than the diameter of the pin 33. The cover... The housing 35 is inverted U-shaped, and its inner wall is fixed to the outer end face of the reaction frame 31. An inner through-hole, coaxial with the cover plate through-hole and matching the diameter of the pin 33, is formed on the inner wall of the housing 35, allowing the housing 35 to be fitted onto the pin 33 through this inner through-hole. An outer through-hole, coaxial with the inner through-hole and matching the diameter of the limiting end plate 34, is formed on the outer wall of the housing 35. When the housing 35 is fitted over the cover plate sleeve 200 and the ring plate sleeve 130, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 32 extends, the limiting end plate 34 at the outer end of the driving pin 33 passes through the cover plate through-hole and the ring plate through-hole in sequence and enters the outer through-hole of the housing 35 (see...). Figure 2 , Figure 2a and Figure 2b , Figure 3 and Figure 3a );

[0029] Step 2: Preparations before foundation lifting. Use shackles to connect the slings to the lifting lugs 23 on the top cover 2. Use the crane vessel 100 to lift the top cover 2 (see...). Figure 4The top cover 2 is installed on the top of the large cylinder 1 on the transport barge 200. During installation, the planar groove 131 on the top ring plate 13 of the large cylinder and the side groove 132 on the ring plate sleeve 130 are positioned one-to-one with the planar flange on the top cover plate 20 and the side flange on the cover plate sleeve 200. After positioning, the lifting force is released without unhooking, and the top cover 2 falls onto the top ring plate 13 of the large cylinder 1 under its own weight. At the same time, the piston rods of the cylinders 32 of the eight hydraulic connection mechanisms 3 are extended, driving the limiting end plate 34 at the outer end of the pin 33 to pass through the cover plate through hole and the ring plate through hole in sequence and enter the outer through hole of the cover 35 (see Figure 5 This connects the top cover 2 to the large cylinder 1, preparing for the overall hoisting of the large cylinder foundation. The installation of the top cover 2 can be completed in the processing plant, or it can be installed on the installation site of the large cylinder under permissible wind, wave, and current conditions.

[0030] Step 3: Foundation lifting and positioning. Gradually increase the lifting force of the crane vessel 100. Use the four top cover lifting lugs 23 to lift the large cylindrical foundation consisting of the large cylindrical 1 and the top cover 2 as a whole. Then, position the large cylindrical foundation according to the design coordinates using the GPS system.

[0031] Step four, sinking under its own weight: First, open the vent and drain valve on the pump skid 22 on the top cover 2. Then, gradually lower the hook of the crane vessel 100 to lower the large cylindrical foundation into the water. The water and air inside the large cylindrical foundation will be freely discharged through the vent and drain valve, allowing the large cylindrical foundation to overcome resistance and sink under its own weight (see...). Figure 6 );

[0032] Step 5, suction sinking: When the lifting load of the crane vessel 100 is only 10% of the self-weight of the large cylindrical foundation, and the large cylindrical foundation no longer sinks, the self-weight sinking is considered complete. At this point, the self-weight of the large cylindrical foundation and the sinking resistance are approximately balanced. Water needs to be pumped out to create an internal and external pressure difference, thereby achieving further sinking of the large cylindrical foundation. The lifting force of the crane vessel 100 is relaxed, but the hook is not released to facilitate subsequent recovery of the top cover. The main hook of the crane vessel 100 is lowered synchronously with the large cylindrical foundation, ensuring the large cylindrical foundation is not subjected to lifting force. The valve pipeline is adjusted, and the water pump on the pump skid 22 is started to discharge the water inside the large cylindrical 1, achieving suction sinking of the large cylindrical foundation. During the sinking process, the internal and external pressure difference, sinking rate, sinking depth, and inclination of the large cylindrical foundation are monitored in real time until the large cylindrical foundation sinks to the design elevation (see...). Figure 7 );

[0033] Step Six: Top Cover Retraction. After the large cylindrical foundation is in place, first synchronously control the piston rods of the eight hydraulic connection mechanisms 3 cylinders 32 to retract, driving the pin shaft 33 to retract, thus disconnecting the top cover 2 from the large cylindrical cylinder 1. Then adjust the pipeline valves to enable the pump skid 22 to reverse water injection, and start the water pump to inject water into the large cylindrical cylinder 1 (see...). Figure 8To avoid creating suction during the lifting of the top cover 2; while maintaining stable water injection from the pump, the crane vessel 100 slowly increases its lifting force to lift the top cover 2; at the instant the lifting of the top cover 2 begins, due to seal failure, the internal pressure difference of the large cylinder 1 rapidly drops to zero. At this point, the pump is shut off, and the lifting force of the crane vessel 100 is slowly increased to lift the top cover 2 out of the water (see...). Figure 9 ).

[0034] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the invention and should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A suction-driven construction method for an underwater large cylindrical foundation, characterized in that, The construction method includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the top cover of the large cylinder, and extend a ring plate sleeve coaxially upward from the edge of the top ring plate of the large cylinder. A side groove is formed on the lower part of the inner circumference of this ring plate sleeve. A flat groove is formed coaxially on the top surface of the top ring plate. Flexible water-stop strips are installed in both the side groove and the flat groove. Several annular plate perforations are evenly distributed radially on the upper part of the ring plate sleeve. The top cover includes a top cover plate with a diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the ring plate sleeve, a pump port formed on the top cover plate, and a pump port mounted on the top cover plate. The system includes a pump skid with the nozzle aligned with the pump head, several top cover lugs evenly distributed on the top cover plate, and several hydraulic connection mechanisms installed on the edge of the top cover plate. The bottom surface of the top cover plate has a planar flange corresponding to a ring of planar grooves on the top ring plate. A cover plate sleeve extends coaxially upward from the edge of the top cover plate. The lower part of the outer circumference of the cover plate sleeve has a side flange corresponding to a ring of side grooves on the ring plate sleeve. The upper part of the cover plate sleeve has several radially evenly distributed through holes that correspond to several ring plate perforations on the ring plate sleeve. A corresponding cover plate perforation; several hydraulic connection mechanisms are installed on the top cover plate in a one-to-one correspondence with the several cover plate perforations. Each hydraulic connection mechanism includes a reaction frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a pin, and a cover mounted on the top cover plate; the reaction frame is installed on the top surface of the top cover plate; the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the reaction frame; the pin is connected to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the outer end of the pin is provided with a limiting end plate with a diameter larger than the diameter of the pin; the cover is inverted U-shaped, and the inner sidewall of the cover is fixed to the reaction frame. On the outer end face, an inner through hole coaxial with the through hole of the cover plate and adapted to the diameter of the pin is opened on the inner side wall of the cover, so that the cover is fitted onto the pin through the inner through hole. An outer through hole coaxial with the inner through hole and adapted to the diameter of the limiting end plate is opened on the outer side wall of the cover. When the cover is fitted onto the cover plate sleeve and the ring plate sleeve, when the piston rod of the oil cylinder extends, the limiting end plate at the outer end of the driving pin passes through the through hole of the cover plate and the through hole of the ring plate in sequence and enters the outer through hole of the cover. Step two, preparations before lifting the foundation: Use shackles to connect the slings to the lifting lugs on the top cover. Use a crane barge to lift the top cover and install it on top of the large cylinder located on the transport barge. During installation, use the ring grooves on the top ring plate of the large cylinder and the ring grooves on the side ring plate to position it one-to-one with the ring flanges on the top cover plate and the ring flanges on the cover plate. After positioning, release the lifting force without unhooking, allowing the top cover to fall onto the top ring plate of the large cylinder under its own weight. Simultaneously control the piston rods of several hydraulic connection mechanism cylinders to extend, driving the limiting end plate at the outer end of the pin to pass through the cover plate through hole and the ring plate through hole in sequence and enter the outer through hole of the cover shell, thus realizing the connection between the top cover and the large cylinder. Step 3: Foundation lifting and positioning. Gradually increase the lifting force of the crane ship, and lift the large cylindrical foundation consisting of the large cylinder and the top cover as a whole through several top cover lifting lugs. Then, position the large cylindrical foundation according to the design coordinates through the GPS system. Step 4: Sinking under its own weight. First, open the exhaust and drainage valve on the pump skid on the top cover. Then, gradually lower the hook of the crane ship to lower the large cylindrical foundation into the water. The water and air inside the large cylindrical foundation will be freely discharged through the exhaust and drainage valve, allowing the large cylindrical foundation to overcome resistance and sink under its own weight. Step 5, suction sinking: When the lifting load of the crane vessel is only 10% of the self-weight of the large cylindrical foundation, and the large cylindrical foundation no longer sinks, the self-weight sinking is considered to be over. At this time, the lifting force of the crane vessel is released, but the hook is not released. The main hook of the crane vessel is lowered synchronously with the large cylindrical foundation, so that the large cylindrical foundation is not subjected to the lifting force. Adjust the valve pipeline and start the water pump on the pump skid to discharge the water in the large cylindrical foundation, so as to realize the suction sinking of the large cylindrical foundation. During the sinking process, the internal and external pressure difference, sinking rate, sinking depth and inclination of the large cylindrical foundation are monitored in real time until the large cylindrical foundation sinks to the design elevation. Step Six: Top Cover Retraction. After the large cylindrical foundation is in place, first, simultaneously control the piston rods of several hydraulic connection mechanisms to retract, driving the pin shaft to retract and disconnect the top cover from the large cylindrical cylinder. Then, adjust the pipeline valves to enable the pump skid to inject water in reverse, start the water pump to inject water into the large cylindrical cylinder, and avoid creating suction during the lifting of the top cover. While maintaining stable water injection by the water pump, the crane ship slowly increases the lifting force to lift the top cover. At the moment of starting the lifting of the top cover, due to the failure of the seal, the internal pressure difference of the large cylindrical cylinder drops rapidly to zero. At this time, turn off the water pump and slowly increase the lifting force of the crane ship to lift the top cover out of the water.

2. The suction-driven sinking construction method for underwater large cylindrical foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the top cover is also provided with radial reinforcing ribs, inner circumferential reinforcing ribs and outer circumferential reinforcing ribs.

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