Adjustable capacitor

Abstract

The application provides a tunable capacitor, comprising a cylinder, a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode, a tunable electrode and a plurality of shielding mechanisms; the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are partially arranged in the cylinder, and the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are partially arranged outside the cylinder; the part of the high-voltage electrode arranged in the cylinder and the part of the low-voltage electrode arranged in the cylinder are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder; each shielding mechanism is arranged in the cylinder, and each shielding electrode is arranged between adjacent high-voltage electrodes and low-voltage electrodes; the tunable electrode is arranged in the cylinder and is used for adjusting the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode to adjust the capacitance. In the application, the shielding mechanism can block the leakage current flow path between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, reduce the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, reduce the dielectric loss of the capacitor, the tunable electrode can smoothly adjust the capacitance of the capacitor, and the difference between the capacitance of the capacitor and the rated capacitance is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of capacitor, in particular to an adjustable capacitor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Two conductors close to each other with an insulating medium between them constitute a capacitor. When a voltage is applied between the two plates of the capacitor, the capacitor will store electric charge.

[0003] The capacitance and the dielectric loss are two key parameters of the capacitor, wherein the capacitance depends on the distance between the high-voltage plate and the low-voltage plate of the capacitor, the effective opposite area and the dielectric characteristics. However, due to the limitation of the processing technology, the difference between the actual capacitance and the rated capacitance is large.

[0004] The dielectric loss depends on the dielectric characteristics between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode of the capacitor, which determines the angular difference component in the measurement error of the capacitance divider. However, in some high-frequency and impulse signal measurement occasions, the dielectric loss of the capacitor is high. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides an adjustable capacitor, aiming at solving the problems of large difference between the capacitance and the rated capacitance and high dielectric loss of the capacitor in the prior art.

[0006] The present application provides an adjustable capacitor, which comprises an internally hollow cylinder, a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode, an adjustable electrode and a plurality of shielding mechanisms; wherein a part of the high-voltage electrode is arranged in the cylinder, and another part of the high-voltage electrode is arranged outside the cylinder by penetrating the cylinder; a part of the low-voltage electrode is arranged in the cylinder, and another part of the low-voltage electrode is arranged outside the cylinder by penetrating the cylinder; the part of the high-voltage electrode arranged in the cylinder and the part of the low-voltage electrode arranged in the cylinder are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder; each shielding mechanism is arranged in the cylinder, and each shielding electrode is arranged between the adjacent high-voltage electrode and low-voltage electrode; the adjustable electrode is arranged in the cylinder for adjusting the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode to adjust the capacitance.

[0007] Further, in the above adjustable capacitor, the high-voltage electrode comprises two first guide rods and a plurality of first plate bodies which are all made of metal; wherein each first plate body is clamped between two shielding mechanisms along the transverse direction of the cylinder, and each first plate body is provided with two first penetrating holes; the two first guide rods are sequentially arranged in each first plate body and the part of the low-voltage electrode arranged in the cylinder, and the two first guide rods are connected with each first plate body, and one end of each first guide rod penetrates the top wall of the cylinder and is arranged outside the cylinder.

[0008] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, the top wall of the cylinder is provided with a first opening corresponding to each first guide rod, and each first guide rod is arranged in the corresponding first opening and connected by a first insulating member.

[0009] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, the low-voltage electrode comprises two second guide rods and a plurality of second plate bodies, each of which is made of metal; each second plate body is clamped between two shielding mechanisms along the transverse direction of the cylinder, and each second plate body and each first plate body are arranged alternately along the height direction of the cylinder; the positions of the two second guide rods correspond to the positions of the two first through holes, and the diameters of the first through holes are larger than the outer diameters of the second guide rods; the two second guide rods are arranged in the second plate bodies and the first through holes in sequence, and the two second guide rods are connected with the second plate bodies, and one end of each second guide rod is arranged in the top wall of the cylinder and outside the cylinder; each second plate body is provided with two second through holes, the positions of the two second through holes correspond to the positions of the two first guide rods, and the diameters of the second through holes are larger than the outer diameters of the first guide rods; the two first guide rods are arranged in the first plate bodies and the second through holes in sequence.

[0010] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, the top wall of the cylinder is provided with a second opening corresponding to each second guide rod, and each second guide rod is arranged in the corresponding second opening and connected by a second insulating member.

[0011] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, each first plate body and the inner wall of the cylinder have a predetermined gap, and each second plate body and the inner wall of the cylinder have a predetermined gap.

[0012] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, each shielding mechanism comprises a shielding ring and two insulating support members; the shielding ring is arranged transversely in the cylinder; and the two insulating support members are arranged on both sides of the shielding ring along the height direction of the cylinder.

[0013] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, the uppermost of each first plate body and each second plate body is a second plate body, and the lowermost of the uppermost second plate body is in contact with the shielding mechanism; and the adjustable electrode is arranged above the uppermost second plate body.

[0014] Further, in the adjustable capacitor, the adjustable electrode comprises a third guide rod, a third plate body, and a third insulating member; the third guide rod and the third plate body are made of metal, the first end of the third guide rod is movably arranged in the top wall of the cylinder and placed inside the cylinder; the third plate body is vertically connected with the first end of the third guide rod, and the third plate body is oppositely arranged with the uppermost second plate body; and the third insulating member is arranged between the top wall of the cylinder and the third guide rod.

[0015] Further, the adjustable capacitor has a threaded hole in the top wall of the cylinder; the third guide rod has a thread on the outer wall, and the third guide rod is screwed with the threaded hole; and the third insulating piece is arranged between the threaded hole and the third guide rod.

[0016] In the application, the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are partially arranged outside the cylinder and partially arranged inside the cylinder, the part of the high-voltage electrode arranged inside the cylinder and the part of the low-voltage electrode arranged inside the cylinder are arranged alternately along the height direction of the cylinder, and a shielding mechanism is arranged between the adjacent high-voltage electrode and low-voltage electrode inside the cylinder. The shielding mechanism can effectively block the leakage current flow path between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, reduce the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, effectively reduce the dielectric loss of the capacitor, and can be adapted to various occasions. In addition, the adjustable electrode adjusts the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, which can smoothly adjust the capacitance of the capacitor, reduce the difference between the capacitance and the rated capacitance of the capacitor, and solve the problem of large difference between the capacitance and the rated capacitance of the capacitor and high dielectric loss in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a description of the preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the same figures. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of the adjustable capacitor provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Top view at A-A in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0021] Referring to Figures 1 to 2The figure shows a preferred structure of the adjustable capacitor in this embodiment. As shown, the adjustable capacitor includes: a cylindrical body 1, a high-voltage electrode 2, a low-voltage electrode 3, an adjustable electrode 4, and multiple shielding mechanisms 5. The cylindrical body 1 is hollow inside, both ends of the cylindrical body 1 are closed, and the cylindrical body 1 is made of metal. Compressed air is filled inside the cylindrical body 1 to serve as the dielectric.

[0022] A portion of the high-voltage electrode 2 is disposed inside the cylinder 1, another portion of the high-voltage electrode 2 passes through the cylinder 1, and the other portion of the high-voltage electrode 2 is placed outside the cylinder 1.

[0023] A portion of the low-pressure electrode 3 is disposed inside the cylinder 1, another portion of the low-pressure electrode 3 passes through the cylinder 1, and the other portion of the low-pressure electrode 3 is placed outside the cylinder 1.

[0024] The portion of the high-voltage electrode 2 placed inside the cylinder 1 and the portion of the low-voltage electrode 3 placed inside the cylinder 1 are along the height direction of the cylinder 1. Figure 1 The high-voltage electrode 2 is placed inside the cylinder 1 in alternating order from top to bottom. That is, in the height direction of the cylinder 1, one layer is the part where the high-voltage electrode 2 is placed inside the cylinder 1, and the next layer next to it is the part where the low-voltage electrode 3 is placed inside the cylinder 1. The high-voltage electrode 2 and the low-voltage electrode 3 are placed inside the cylinder 1 in this order.

[0025] Each shielding mechanism 5 is disposed inside the cylinder 1, and each shielding mechanism 5 is placed between adjacent high-voltage electrodes 2 and low-voltage electrodes 3. Specifically, a shielding mechanism 5 is disposed between the portion of the high-voltage electrode 2 disposed inside the cylinder 1 and the portion of the low-voltage electrode 3 disposed inside the cylinder 1 in any two adjacent layers. The shielding mechanism 5 is used to block the leakage current flow path between the high and low voltage electrodes, reduce the equivalent resistance between the high and low voltage electrodes 3, and reduce the dielectric loss of the capacitor.

[0026] An adjustable electrode 4 is disposed on the cylinder 1. The adjustable electrode 4 is used to adjust the distance between the high voltage electrode 2 and the low voltage electrode 3 in order to adjust the capacitance of the capacitor.

[0027] It can be seen that, in the embodiment, the high-voltage electrode 2 and the low-voltage electrode 3 are both partially arranged outside the cylinder body 1 and partially arranged inside the cylinder body 1, the part of the high-voltage electrode 2 arranged inside the cylinder body 1 and the part of the low-voltage electrode 3 arranged inside the cylinder body 1 are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder body 1, a shielding mechanism 5 is arranged between adjacent high-voltage electrode 2 and low-voltage electrode 3 inside the cylinder body, the shielding mechanism 5 can effectively block the leakage current flow path between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, reduce the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, effectively reduce the dielectric loss of the capacitor, can be adapted to various occasions, and the adjustable electrode 4 adjusts the distance between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the low-voltage electrode 3, which can smoothly adjust the capacitance of the capacitor, reduce the difference between the capacitance of the capacitor and the rated capacitance, and solve the problem of large difference between the capacitance of the capacitor and the rated capacitance and high dielectric loss in the prior art.

[0028] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in the above embodiment, the high-voltage electrode 2 comprises two first guide rods 21 and a plurality of first plate bodies 22. Among them, the two first guide rods 21 and the plurality of first plate bodies 22 are both metal materials. Each first plate body 22 is arranged side by side along the height direction of the cylinder body 1, and each first plate body 22 is arranged along the transverse direction of the cylinder body 1, that is, each first plate body 22 is parallel to the top wall of the cylinder body 1. Each first plate body 22 is clamped between two adjacent shielding mechanisms 5. There is a predetermined gap between each first plate body 22 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, which can be determined according to actual conditions, and the embodiment does not make any limitation on this.

[0029] In the embodiment, the cross section of the cylinder body 1 is circular, each first plate body 22 is circular, the diameters of the first plate bodies 22 are the same, and the diameter of each first plate body 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1.

[0030] Each first plate body 22 is provided with two first through holes 23, and the two first through holes 23 are oppositely arranged and have the same hole diameter. Moreover, the positions of the two first through holes 23 on each first plate body 22 are one-to-one corresponding.

[0031] The first plate bodies 22 and the part of the low-voltage electrode 3 arranged inside the cylinder body 1 are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder body 1, then the two first guide rods 21 are sequentially arranged through the first plate bodies 22 and the part of the low-voltage electrode 3 arranged inside the cylinder body 1, and the two first guide rods 21 are connected with the first plate bodies 22, so that the two first guide rods 21 and the first plate bodies 22 are connected together.

[0032] Specifically, each first plate body 22 is further provided with two first through holes arranged oppositely, the two first through holes have the same diameter, and the diameter of the first through hole is the same as the outer diameter of the first guide rod 21. The two first through holes on each first plate body 22 are one-to-one corresponding, the two first guide rods 21 are one-to-one corresponding to the two first through holes, each first guide rod 21 is sequentially arranged in the corresponding first through hole on each first plate body 22 and the part of the low-voltage electrode 3 arranged in the barrel 1, and each first guide rod 21 is connected with the corresponding first through hole on each first plate body 22, so that the two first guide rods 21 are connected together with each first plate body 22.

[0033] One end of each of the two first guide rods 21 is arranged in the top wall of the barrel 1, and the end of each of the two first guide rods 21 is arranged outside the barrel 1. Specifically, the top wall of the barrel 1 is provided with a first opening 11 corresponding to each first guide rod 21, and each first guide rod 21 is arranged in the corresponding first opening 11 and connected by the first insulating member 6. More specifically, the first opening 11 is two, the two first openings 11 are one-to-one corresponding to the two first guide rods 21, the diameter of the first opening 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the first guide rod 21, each first guide rod 21 is arranged in the corresponding first opening 11 and the end thereof is arranged outside the barrel 1. The first insulating member 6 is two, the two first insulating members 6 are one-to-one corresponding to the two first openings 11, each first insulating member 6 is arranged at the corresponding first opening 11, and each first insulating member 6 is connected with the corresponding first guide rod 21, so that the first guide rod 21 is connected with the barrel 1. Then, the first insulating member 6 can not only fix the second guide rod 31, but also ensure the isolation of the high-voltage electrode 2 and the barrel 1.

[0034] The diameter of the first through hole is smaller than the diameter of the first through hole 23, and the two first through holes and the two first through holes 23 are uniformly distributed on the first plate body 22.

[0035] In the embodiment, the first plate body 22 is circular, the two first through holes are symmetrically arranged with the center as the center, and the two first through holes 23 are also symmetrically arranged with the center as the center.

[0036] It can be seen that in the embodiment, the high-voltage electrode 2 has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2In the above embodiment, the low-voltage electrode 3 comprises two second guide rods 31 and a plurality of second plate bodies 32. The two second guide rods 31 and the plurality of second plate bodies 32 are both metal materials. The second plate bodies 32 are arranged in parallel along the height direction of the cylinder body 1, and each second plate body 32 is arranged along the transverse direction of the cylinder body 1, that is, each second plate body 32 is parallel to the top wall of the cylinder body 1. Each second plate body 32 is clamped between two adjacent shielding mechanisms 5. The second plate bodies 32 and the first plate bodies 22 are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder body 1.

[0038] Each second plate body 32 has a predetermined gap with the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, which can be determined according to actual conditions, and the embodiment does not make any limitation on this.

[0039] In the embodiment, the cross section of the cylinder body 1 is circular, each second plate body 32 is circular, the diameters of the second plate bodies 32 are the same, and the diameter of each second plate body 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1. At the same time, the diameter of each second plate body 32 is equal to the diameter of each first plate body 22.

[0040] The positions of the two second guide rods 31 correspond to the positions of the two first through holes 23 on the first plate bodies 22, and the hole diameter of the first through hole 23 is greater than the outer diameter of the second guide rod 31. The two second guide rods 31 are sequentially arranged in the first through holes 23 on the second plate bodies 32 and the first plate bodies 22, and the two second guide rods 31 are connected with the second plate bodies 32, so that the two second guide rods 31 are connected with the second plate bodies 32 together, but since the hole diameter of the first through hole 23 is greater than the outer diameter of the second guide rod 31, the two second guide rods 31 are only arranged in the first plate bodies 22, but the two second guide rods 31 are not in contact with the first plate bodies 22.

[0041] Specifically, each second plate body 32 is provided with two second through holes 34 arranged oppositely, the hole diameters of the two second through holes 34 are the same, and the hole diameter of the second through hole 34 is the same as the outer diameter of the second guide rod 31. The positions of the two second through holes 34 on the second plate bodies 32 correspond one by one, the two second guide rods 31 correspond to the two second through holes 34 one by one, each second guide rod 31 is sequentially arranged in the corresponding second through hole 34 on the second plate body 32 and the corresponding first through hole 23 on the first plate body 22, and each second guide rod 31 is connected with the corresponding second through hole 34 on the second plate body 32, so that the two second guide rods 31 are connected with the second plate bodies 32 together.

[0042] One end of each of the two second guide rods 31 is arranged to pass through the top wall of the cylinder body 1, and the end of each of the two second guide rods 31 is arranged outside the cylinder body 1. Specifically, the top wall of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a second opening corresponding to each of the second guide rods 31, each of the second guide rods 31 passes through the corresponding second opening and is connected by a second insulating piece. More specifically, the second opening is two, and the two second openings correspond to the two second guide rods 31 one by one. The diameter of the second opening is larger than the outer diameter of the second guide rod 31. Each of the second guide rods 31 passes through the corresponding second opening and the end thereof is arranged outside the cylinder body 1. The second insulating piece is two, and the two second insulating pieces correspond to the two second openings one by one. Each of the second insulating pieces is arranged at the corresponding second opening, and each of the second insulating pieces is connected with the corresponding second guide rod 31, so that the second guide rod 31 and the cylinder body 1 are connected together. The second insulating piece can not only fix the second guide rod 31, but also ensure the isolation of the low-voltage electrode 3 and the cylinder body 1.

[0043] Each of the second plate bodies 32 is further provided with two second passing holes 33, and the two second passing holes 33 are arranged opposite to each other and have the same diameter. The positions of the two second passing holes 33 on each of the second plate bodies 32 correspond to each other. The positions of the two second passing holes 33 correspond to the positions of the two first guide rods 21, and the diameter of the second passing hole 33 is larger than the outer diameter of the first guide rod 21. The two first guide rods 21 pass through the corresponding first through hole on each of the first plate bodies 22 and the corresponding second passing hole 33 on each of the second plate bodies 32 in sequence.

[0044] In the embodiment, the second plate body 32 is circular, and the two second through holes 34 are symmetrically arranged with the center as the center. The two second passing holes 33 are also symmetrically arranged with the center as the center.

[0045] It can be seen that, in the embodiment, the low-voltage electrode 3 has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0046] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In each of the above embodiments, each shielding mechanism 5 can include a shielding ring 51 and two insulating support pieces 52. The shielding ring 51 is arranged horizontally in the cylinder body 1, and the outer diameter of the shielding ring 51 is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, so that the shielding ring 51 is connected with the cylinder body 1. The inner diameter of the shielding ring 51 is smaller than the diameter of the first plate body 22 and smaller than the diameter of the second plate body 32, but the shielding ring 51 does not contact the first guide rod 21 and the second guide rod 31, so that the first guide rod 21 and the second guide rod 31 are arranged inside the shielding ring 51.

[0047] The two insulating support pieces 52 are arranged on both sides of the shielding ring 51 in the height direction of the cylinder body 1, that is, the two insulating support pieces 52 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the shielding ring 51.

[0048] The specific implementation of each insulating support 52 can be that each insulating support 52 can be annular, each insulating support 52 is arranged horizontally in the barrel 1, the insulating support 52 is parallel to the shielding ring 51, and two insulating supports 52 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the shielding ring 51, that is, the shielding ring 51 is clamped between the two insulating supports 52.

[0049] In the embodiment, each insulating support 52 includes four insulating support bodies, each of which is uniformly arranged on the shielding ring 51 along the circumferential direction of the shielding ring 51, and the positions of the insulating support bodies on the upper and lower sides of the shielding ring 51 correspond one by one.

[0050] In specific implementation, the insulating support 52 on the upper side of the shielding ring 51 is in contact with the second plate body 32 or the first plate body 22, and the insulating support 52 on the lower side of the shielding ring 51 is in contact with the first plate body 22 or the second plate body 32. That is, the first plate body 22 is clamped between the two oppositely arranged insulating supports 52 in the adjacent two shielding mechanisms 5, and the second plate body 32 is also clamped between the two oppositely arranged insulating supports 52 in the adjacent two shielding mechanisms 5.

[0051] It can be seen that, in the embodiment, the arrangement of the shielding ring 51 can block the flow path of the leakage current between the high-voltage and low-voltage electrodes, greatly reducing the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage and low-voltage electrodes 3, so that the capacitor has very small dielectric loss.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Figure 1 Figure 2 In the above embodiments, the uppermost second plate body 32 is in contact with the shielding mechanism 5 below, but no shielding mechanism 5 is arranged above the uppermost second plate body 32.

[0053] The adjustable electrode 4 is arranged above the uppermost second plate body 32.

[0054] The adjustable electrode 4 can include a third lead 41, a third plate body 42, and a third insulating piece 43. The third lead 41 and the third plate body 42 are both metal materials, the third lead 41 is movably arranged through the top wall of the barrel 1, and the first end of the third lead 41 is arranged inside the barrel 1, and the second end of the third lead 41 is arranged outside the barrel 1.

[0055] The third plate body 42 is vertically connected to the first end of the third lead 41, and the third plate body 42 is oppositely arranged with the uppermost second plate body 32 at a certain distance. By adjusting the position of the third lead 41, the distance between the third plate body 42 and the uppermost second plate body 32 is adjusted, so that the capacitance is smoothly adjusted.

[0056] Specifically, the two first guide rods 21 and the two second guide rods 32 surround a space, and the lateral dimension of the third plate body 42 is smaller than the dimension of the space, that is, the third plate body 42 is movably arranged in the space surrounded by the two first guide rods 21 and the two second guide rods 32, so as to facilitate adjustment of the distance between the third plate body 42 and the second plate body 32 located at the uppermost position.

[0057] The third insulating member 43 is arranged between the top wall of the cylinder body 1 and the third guide rod 41.

[0058] Preferably, the top wall of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a threaded hole 12, and the outer wall of the third guide rod 41 is provided with threads, and the third guide rod 41 is screwed with the threaded hole 12. In this way, by screwing the third guide rod 41, the depth of the third guide rod 41 arranged in the cylinder body 1 is adjusted, that is, the position of the third plate body 42 in the cylinder body 1 is adjusted, and then the distance between the third plate body 42 and the second plate body 32 located at the uppermost position is adjusted, so as to realize smooth adjustment of the capacitance, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0059] The third insulating member 43 is arranged between the threaded hole 12 and the third guide rod 41, specifically, the third insulating member 43 is arranged at the threaded hole 12, and the third insulating member 43 is connected with the third guide rod 41, so that the third guide rod 41 and the cylinder body 1 are connected together.

[0060] It can be seen that, in the embodiment, by adjusting the position of the third guide rod 41 relative to the top wall of the cylinder body 1, the distance between the third plate body 42 and the second plate body 32 located at the uppermost position is adjusted, that is, the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode is adjusted, and then the relative area between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode is adjusted, so as to smoothly adjust the capacitance of the capacitor, and reduce the difference between the actual capacitance and the rated capacitance of the capacitor.

[0061] In summary, in the embodiment, the first plate bodies 22 and the second plate bodies 32 are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder body 1, the layout is compact, the volume is small, and a shielding mechanism 5 is arranged between adjacent first plate bodies 22 and second plate bodies 32 in the cylinder body. The shielding mechanism 5 can effectively block the leakage current flow path between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, reduce the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, effectively reduce the dielectric loss of the capacitor, and can be adapted to various occasions. The adjustable electrode 4 adjusts the distance between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the low-voltage electrode 3, and can smoothly adjust the capacitance of the capacitor, and reduce the difference between the capacitance and the rated capacitance of the capacitor. Compressed air is used as the dielectric in the cylinder body 1, and an insulating member is arranged, which prevents the high-voltage electrode plate and the low-voltage electrode plate of the capacitor from being in contact and causing the capacitor to be short-circuited under the premise of ensuring the stability of the structure of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode.

[0062] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is merely for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0063] In addition, it should also be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An adjustable capacitor, characterized in that, include: The internal hollow cylinder (1), high-voltage electrode (2), low-voltage electrode (3), adjustable electrode (4), and multiple shielding mechanisms (5) are included; among them, A portion of the high-voltage electrode (2) is disposed inside the cylinder (1), and another portion of the high-voltage electrode (2) passes through the cylinder (1) and is placed outside the cylinder (1); A portion of the low-pressure electrode (3) is disposed inside the cylinder (1), and another portion of the low-pressure electrode (3) passes through the cylinder (1) and is placed outside the cylinder (1); The portion of the high-voltage electrode (2) placed inside the cylinder (1) and the portion of the low-voltage electrode (3) placed inside the cylinder (1) are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder (1); Each of the shielding mechanisms (5) is disposed inside the cylinder (1), and each of the shielding mechanisms (5) is placed between the adjacent high voltage electrode (2) and the low voltage electrode (3); The adjustable electrode (4) is disposed on the cylinder (1) and is used to adjust the distance between the high voltage electrode (2) and the low voltage electrode (3) to adjust the capacitance. The high-voltage electrode (2) comprises: two first guide rods (21), both made of metal, and multiple first plates (22); wherein, Each of the first plates (22) is sandwiched between the two shielding mechanisms (5) along the transverse direction of the cylinder (1), and each of the first plates (22) has two first through holes (23). The two first guide rods (21) are sequentially inserted through each of the first plates (22) and the portion of the low-voltage electrode (3) placed inside the cylinder (1), and the two first guide rods (21) are connected to each of the first plates (22), and one end of each of the two first guide rods (21) is inserted through the top wall of the cylinder (1) and placed outside the cylinder (1); The low-voltage electrode (3) includes: two second guide rods (31), both made of metal, and multiple second plates (32); wherein, Each of the second plates (32) is sandwiched between the two shielding mechanisms (5) along the transverse direction of the cylinder (1), and each of the second plates (32) and each of the first plates (22) are alternately arranged along the height direction of the cylinder (1); The positions of the two second guide rods (31) correspond to the positions of the two first through holes (23), and the diameter of the first through hole (23) is larger than the outer diameter of the second guide rod (31); The two second guide rods (31) are sequentially inserted through each of the second plates (32) and each of the first through holes (23), and the two second guide rods (31) are connected to each of the second plates (32), and one end of each of the two second guide rods (31) is inserted through the top wall of the cylinder (1) and placed outside the cylinder (1); Each of the second plates (32) has two second through holes (33). The positions of the two second through holes (33) correspond to the positions of the two first guide rods (21). The diameter of the second through hole (33) is larger than the outer diameter of the first guide rod (21). The two first guide rods (21) are sequentially inserted into each of the first plates (22) and each of the second through holes (33).

2. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a first opening (11) at each of the first guide rods (21), and each of the first guide rods (21) passes through the corresponding first opening (11) and is connected to each other by a first insulating member (6).

3. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a second opening at each of the second guide rods (31), and each of the second guide rods (31) passes through the corresponding second opening and is connected to each other by a second insulating member.

4. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the first plates (22) has a preset gap with the inner wall of the cylinder (1); Each of the second plates (32) has a preset gap with the inner wall of the cylinder (1).

5. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the shielding mechanisms (5) includes: a shielding ring (51) and two insulating supports (52); wherein, The shielding ring (51) is horizontally disposed inside the cylinder (1); The two insulating supports (52) are respectively disposed on both sides of the shielding ring (51) in the height direction of the cylinder (1).

6. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Of the first plate (22) and the second plate (32), the uppermost one is the second plate (32), and the lower part of the uppermost second plate (32) is in contact with the shielding mechanism (5); The adjustable electrode (4) is positioned above the uppermost second plate (32).

7. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustable electrode (4) includes: a third guide rod (41), a third plate (42), and a third insulating component (43); wherein, The third guide rod (41) and the third plate (42) are both made of metal. The third guide rod (41) is movably inserted through the top wall of the cylinder (1) and its first end is placed inside the cylinder (1). The third plate (42) is perpendicularly connected to the first end of the third guide rod (41), and the third plate (42) is disposed opposite to the uppermost second plate (32); The third insulating element (43) is disposed between the top wall of the cylinder (1) and the third guide rod (41).

8. The adjustable capacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a threaded hole (12). The outer wall of the third guide rod (41) is provided with threads, and the third guide rod (41) is screwed into the threaded hole (12); The third insulating element (43) is disposed between the threaded hole (12) and the third guide rod (41).

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