A quick-change device for a cutting knife of an expander, and an assembling method and a quick-change method for the cutting knife

Abstract

The application provides a quick change device of a cutting knife of an expander, an assembling method and a quick change method of the cutting knife, relates to a quick change structure of a cutting knife, and comprises a taper shaft fixed at an end of a die of the expander, a quick change cutting knife assembly which is installed outside the taper shaft in a position and is quickly connected, and a motor which is in transmission cooperation with the quick change cutting knife assembly; a transmission head one is installed at a driving end of the motor, the quick change cutting knife assembly comprises a transmission head two which is in transmission connection with the transmission head one, a rotating movement component which rotates under the driving of the motor along with the transmission head two, and a taper sleeve which is installed in the rotating movement component and is used for sleeving outside the taper shaft, the rotating movement component comprises a blade, the blade is in abutment with an end surface of the die and is used for cutting materials which are extruded from a hole of the die, an axis of the taper shaft is coaxial with an axis of the die and is perpendicular to the end surface of the die, the taper of the taper shaft is same as the taper of the taper sleeve, and the taper angle is smaller than a friction angle between the taper shaft and the taper sleeve, and the application can make the replacement of the cutting knife device be completed within dozens of seconds and even without stopping.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a cutter quick change structure, in particular to an expander cutter quick change device and an assembling method and cutter quick change method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The expander is widely used in the fields of feed, food, plastic and battery slurry, and its main working principle is to convert mechanical energy into heat energy, that is, the heat generated by the rotation of the machine is used to extrude and cook the food or feed. For example, in the production process of feed, the material is mixed and cooked by screw extrusion, and then extruded through the mold hole. After extrusion, the material is immediately cut into small particles due to gas expansion. The cutting effect directly affects the quality of the particles and also affects the subsequent drying and spraying effect.

[0003] The cutter of the expander is made of high-hardness elastic material. During production, the blade is tightly attached to the mold and rotates at high speed (1500 rpm). Therefore, the cutter will inevitably wear and deform. When the blade wears or deforms to a certain extent, it needs to be replaced. The replacement of the cutter assembly generally takes tens of minutes to several tens of minutes. The expander production line generally needs to run for tens of minutes to several tens of minutes to reach a stable state. During this period, the produced feed is waste.

[0004] In the current design, the cutter assembly is generally installed on the motor output shaft or the mold half shaft by screws. The replacement of the cutter assembly requires the disassembly and assembly of multiple screws. After the cutter is installed, the relative position and attitude between the cutter and the mold need to be adjusted, which takes a long time. In addition, the cutter and the mold are in rigid contact. With the wear and deformation of the cutter, the contact force between the cutter and the mold decreases until they separate. As a result, the cut surface of the granular material is rough and the quality is reduced. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides an expander cutter quick change device and an assembling method and cutter quick change method thereof, which can complete the replacement of the cutter device within tens of seconds, or even without stopping.

[0006] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A kind of quick change device of expander cutter, including taper shaft fixed in expander mould end by screw, quick change cutter assembly installed in the outside of taper shaft by alignment and motor with the transmission cooperation of quick change cutter assembly;The drive end of motor is equipped with transmission head one, the quick change cutter assembly includes transmission head two with the transmission connection of transmission head one, rotating motion component rotated with transmission head two under the drive of motor and taper sleeve for being connected with the outside of taper shaft and being installed in rotating motion component, the rotating motion component includes blade, the blade is in contact with mould end surface, for cutting material extruded from mould hole, the axis of taper shaft is coaxial with the axis of mould and perpendicular to the end surface of mould, the taper of taper shaft and taper sleeve is same, and the taper angle is less than the friction angle between taper shaft and taper sleeve, so once taper sleeve is installed on taper shaft and closely fits, two parts will be self-locked by friction force, i.e.quick change cutter assembly cannot fall off from taper shaft,

[0008] Preferably, rotating motion component further includes bearing cover and tool holder, the bearing cover is fixed between transmission head two and tool holder, the inner side of bearing cover is tightly fitted with bearing one, at this time, bearing cover and bearing one are relatively fixed, the tool holder is configured with sliding bearing for spacing between taper sleeve and tool holder;

[0009] The quick-change cutter assembly further comprises a sliding tooth I tightly fitted in the bearing I, a sliding tooth II tightly fitted in the taper sleeve shaft hole, and a spring sleeved outside the sliding tooth I and the sliding tooth II. Since the sliding tooth II is tightly fitted with the taper sleeve shaft hole, the two are relatively fixed. The sliding tooth I is tightly fitted with the bearing I, so the two can also be relatively fixed. The sliding tooth I and the sliding tooth II are coaxially arranged and comprise a sliding tooth end surface for abutting the spring. The sliding tooth racks on the sliding tooth I and the sliding tooth II are distributed in a circumferential staggered manner and constitute an outer cylindrical surface for jointly supporting the spring. The two ends of the spring are respectively abutted on the abutment end surfaces of the sliding tooth I and the taper sleeve. Therefore, when the motor drives the transmission head I to rotate, thereby driving the transmission head II and the rotating movement component to rotate and cut the material, it can be ensured that the inner ring of the bearing I will not rotate. When the transmission head I and the transmission head II are engaged, the motor is continuously moved forward, the spring is compressed, the rotating movement component is continuously moved forward until the blade contacts the end surface of the mold and reaches the target contact force. During the working process, the material extruded from the mold hole is cut by the rotating cutter. The material gives the rotating movement component an axial force, so that the contact force between the blade and the end surface of the mold is reduced and maintained within a suitable range. The circumferentially distributed blades are uniformly worn. The spring can ensure that the blade and the mold surface always maintain contact and can buffer the instantaneous impact when the motor and the quick-change cutter assembly are engaged. The spring can also maintain a stable contact force between the blade and the mold. The size of the contact force between the blade and the mold can be adjusted by the spring stiffness and the compression amount. The setting of the long chamfer on the sliding tooth racks of the sliding tooth I and the sliding tooth II can also ensure that the sliding tooth will not be stuck with the spring. At this time, after the quick-change cutter assembly is installed on the taper shaft, the taper sleeve, the sliding tooth II, the spring, and the sliding tooth I are relatively fixed in the axial rotation direction, that is, they will not rotate due to friction self-locking.

[0010] Preferably, the outer ring of the sliding bearing is tightly fitted with the cutter seat and is slidably installed with the outer cylindrical surface of the taper sleeve, that is, it can relatively rotate and axially move. This is an assembly method of tight outside and loose inside.

[0011] Preferably, the inner ring of the sliding bearing is tightly fitted with the cutter seat of the outer cylindrical surface of the taper sleeve and is slidably installed with the cutter seat, that is, it can relatively rotate and axially move. This is an assembly method of loose outside and tight inside.

[0012] Preferably, the cutter seat is further provided with a tool holder and a pressing plate for pressing the blade into the tool holder.

[0013] Preferably, a rubber plate with a hole is further provided between the motor and the mold. The inner hole of the rubber plate is used to fit and insert the transmission head I and the transmission head II. The rubber plate has the following effects: a) isolating the motor compartment and the cutting compartment; b) the transmission head II of the quick-change cutter assembly can be inserted into the hole of the rubber plate first. The rubber plate can be elastically deformed to provide enough axial space for the installation of the quick-change cutter assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission head two and the transmission head one are in meshing transmission, the end of the transmission head one is provided with meshing teeth one, the end of the transmission head two is provided with a meshing cylindrical surface in the center and meshing teeth two around the periphery of the meshing cylindrical surface, the end of the meshing cylindrical surface is further provided with a guide conical surface for guiding the meshing teeth one and the meshing teeth two coaxially, and the end of the meshing teeth one and the meshing teeth two is further provided with an inclined angle guide surface for guiding the meshing teeth one and the meshing teeth two to be inserted and engaged.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission head two is made of POM or other soft materials, so that a certain coaxial installation error can be allowed.

[0016] An assembly method of a quick-change cutter device of an extruder, based on the quick-change cutter device of the extruder, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: the taper shaft is fixed on the mold of the extruder by screws, the axis of the taper shaft is coaxial with the axis of the mold and perpendicular to the end face of the mold;

[0018] S2: the taper sleeve in the quick-change cutter assembly cooperates with the taper shaft installed on the mold, the taper angles of the taper shaft and the taper sleeve are the same, the taper angle is smaller than the friction angle between the taper shaft and the taper sleeve, once the taper sleeve is installed on the taper shaft and tightly fitted, the two parts will be self-locked by friction, that is, the quick-change cutter assembly will not fall off the taper shaft;

[0019] S3: the second sliding tooth is tightly fitted with the taper sleeve shaft hole and is relatively fixed; the first sliding tooth is tightly fitted with the bearing one and is relatively fixed; the first sliding tooth and the second sliding tooth are coaxial and can only relatively move along the shaft, so as to ensure that the inner ring of the bearing one does not rotate and the outer cylindrical surface formed by the sliding tooth rack supports the spring together, and the ends of the spring are respectively pressed on the end faces of the first sliding tooth and the taper sleeve;

[0020] S4: the transmission head one is installed on the motor output shaft, the transmission head one is engaged with the transmission head two, the transmission head two, the bearing cover, the cutter seat, the cutter holder, the pressing plate and the blade are fastened into an integral rotating movement component by screws, and the rotating movement component rotates under the drive of the motor;

[0021] S5: the outer ring of the bearing one is tightly fitted with the bearing cover and is relatively fixed; the outer ring of the sliding bearing is tightly fitted with the cutter seat and is installed in sliding connection with the outer cylindrical surface of the taper sleeve, that is, it can be relatively rotated and axially moved;

[0022] S6: after the quick-change cutter assembly is installed on the taper shaft, the motor is moved to make the transmission head one and the transmission head two engage, the engagement process is divided into two steps, the first step is to guide the engagement by the guide conical surface, and the second step is to guide the engagement by the angle guide surface, in the engagement process, the rotating movement component of the quick-change cutter assembly rotates under the guidance of the angle guide surface, and finally enters the correct engagement angle;

[0023] S7: After the first and second transmission heads engage in step S6, the motor continues to move forward, the spring of the quick-change cutter assembly is compressed, and the rotating moving parts continue to move forward until the blade contacts the end face of the mold and reaches the target contact force, thus completing the assembly.

[0024] A quick-change method for a cutter in an extruder cutter changing device, based on the aforementioned quick-change device, includes the following steps:

[0025] A1: The quick-change cutter assembly is fitted onto the tapered shaft, and the tapered sleeve and the tapered shaft are automatically locked together by friction.

[0026] A2: The motor moves forward, and the first transmission head installed on the output shaft of the motor shaft automatically meshes with the second transmission head on the quick-change cutter assembly. The guide structure between the first and second transmission heads can ensure the correct meshing between the transmission heads. The second transmission head can be made of a softer material such as POM, allowing for a certain coaxiality installation error.

[0027] A3: As the motor continues to move forward, the spring in the quick-change cutter assembly is compressed, and the rotating moving parts move forward until the blade contacts the mold. The spring is used to maintain a stable contact force between the blade and the mold. The magnitude of the contact force between the blade and the mold can be adjusted by the spring stiffness and compression.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. In the quick-change device for the extruder cutter of the present invention, the cone sleeve and the cone shaft are connected by a taper. During installation, the quick-change device can be directly sleeved onto the cone shaft for stable connection, and disassembly is also relatively convenient.

[0030] 2. In the puffing machine cutter quick-change device of the present invention, the motor and the quick-change cutter assembly are connected by a toothed transmission head. The guide structure between the transmission heads can ensure that the transmission heads mesh correctly. The transmission head can be made of a softer material such as POM, thereby allowing a certain coaxiality installation error.

[0031] 3. In the quick-change device for the extruder cutter of the present invention, the quick-change cutter assembly has a built-in spring, which can buffer the impact of the moment when the motor and the quick-change cutter assembly mesh. The spring can maintain a stable contact force between the blade and the mold. The magnitude of the contact force between the blade and the mold can be adjusted by the spring stiffness and compression. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after partial disassembly;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick-change cutter assembly;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of transmission head one and transmission head two in operation;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered shaft after it has been disassembled from the mold end;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment and fit of slide tooth one and slide tooth two.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission head and transmission quick-change cutter assembly;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure before the present invention is installed.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure after the quick-change cutter assembly is fitted onto the tapered shaft;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure where the motor-driven transmission head one and transmission head two mesh;

[0043] Markings in the diagram:

[0044] 1. Mold; 2. Tapered shaft; 3. Quick-change cutter assembly; 4. Motor; 5. Transmission head one; 6. Rubber plate; 7. Meshing cylindrical surface; 8. Guide cone surface; 9. Angle guide surface; 31. Transmission head two; 32. Rotary moving parts; 33. Tapered sleeve; 34. Sliding tooth one; 35. Sliding tooth two; 36. Spring; 37. Sliding tooth end face; 38. Sliding tooth rack; 321. Blade; 322. Bearing cover; 323. Tool holder; 324. Bearing one; 325. Sliding bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1-10As shown, a quick-change cutter device for an extruder, in this embodiment, includes a tapered shaft 2 fixed to the end of an extruder mold 1 by screws, a quick-change cutter assembly 3 quickly mounted on the outside of the tapered shaft 2, and a motor 4 that drives the quick-change cutter assembly 3; the drive end of the motor 4 is equipped with a transmission head 5, and the quick-change cutter assembly 3 includes a transmission head 31 connected to the transmission head 5, a rotating motion component 32 that rotates with the transmission head 31 under the drive of the motor 4, and a component that is flexibly mounted in the rotating motion component 32 and used for fitting into the mold. The tapered sleeve 33 outside the tapered shaft 2 and the rotating motion component 32 include a blade 321. The blade 321 abuts against the end face of the mold 1 to cut the material extruded from the hole of the mold 1. The axis of the tapered shaft 2 is coaxial with the axis of the mold 1 and perpendicular to the end face of the mold 1. The tapered shaft 2 and the tapered sleeve 33 have the same taper and the taper angle is smaller than the friction angle between the tapered shaft 2 and the tapered sleeve 33. Therefore, once the tapered sleeve 33 is installed on the tapered shaft 2 and fits tightly, the two parts will achieve self-locking through friction, that is, the quick-change cutter assembly 3 will not fall off the tapered shaft 2.

[0047] The rotating motion component 32 also includes a bearing cover 322 and a tool holder 323. The bearing cover 322 is fixed between the transmission head 31 and the tool holder 323, and a bearing 324 is tightly fitted inside it. At this time, the bearing cover 322 and the bearing 324 are relatively fixed. A sliding bearing 325 is arranged inside the tool holder 323 to be spaced between the tapered sleeve 33 and the tool holder 323.

[0048] The quick-change cutter assembly 3 also includes a first sliding tooth 34 tightly fitted within the first bearing 324, a second sliding tooth 35 tightly fitted within the shaft hole of the tapered sleeve 33, and a spring 36 sleeved around the first sliding tooth 34 and the second sliding tooth 35. Since the second sliding tooth 35 is tightly fitted into the shaft hole of the tapered sleeve 33, the two are relatively fixed; the first sliding tooth 34 is tightly fitted into the first bearing 324, so the two can also be relatively fixed. The first sliding tooth 34 and the second sliding tooth 35 are coaxially arranged and include a sliding tooth end face 37 for abutting against the spring 36. The first sliding tooth 34 and the second sliding tooth 35... The sliding racks 38 are staggered and interlocked along the circumferential direction, and the outer cylindrical surface they form is used to jointly support the spring 36. The two ends of the spring 36 press against the pressing end faces of the sliding teeth 34 and the tapered sleeve 33, respectively. Therefore, when the motor 4 drives the transmission head 5 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission head 31 and the rotating motion component 32 to rotate and cut the material, it can be ensured that the inner ring of the bearing 324 will not rotate. After the transmission head 5 and the transmission head 31 are engaged, the motor 4 continues to move forward, and the spring 36 is compressed, and the rotating motion component 32 continues to rotate. The blade 321 moves forward until it contacts the end face of the mold 1 and reaches the target contact force. During operation, the material extruded from the mold 1 hole is cut by the rotating cutter. The material exerts an axial force on the rotating component 32, reducing the contact force between the blade 321 and the end face of the mold 1 and maintaining it within a suitable range. The circumferentially distributed blade 321 wears evenly. The spring 36 ensures that the blade 321 always maintains contact with the surface of the mold 1, buffering the instantaneous impact when the motor 4 and the quick-change cutter assembly 3 mesh. 36 can also maintain a stable contact force between the blade 321 and the mold 1. At the same time, the contact force between the blade 321 and the mold 1 can be adjusted by the stiffness and compression of the spring 36. The long chamfer on the sliding tooth rack 38 of sliding tooth 1 34 and sliding tooth 2 35 can also ensure that the sliding tooth will not jam the spring 36. At this time, after the quick-change cutter assembly is installed on the tapered shaft 2, due to friction self-locking, the tapered sleeve 33, sliding tooth 2 35, spring 36, and sliding tooth 1 34 are relatively fixed in the axial rotation direction, that is, they will not rotate.

[0049] The outer ring of the sliding bearing 325 is tightly fitted with the tool holder 323, and can rotate relative to and move axially with the outer cylindrical surface of the tapered sleeve 33. This is an assembly method of tight outer and loose inner.

[0050] The inner ring of the sliding bearing 325 is tightly fitted with the outer cylindrical surface of the tapered sleeve 33 tool holder 323, and is configured to rotate relative to and move axially with the tool holder 323. This is an assembly method of loose on the outside and tight on the inside.

[0051] The tool holder 323 is also provided with a tool post and a pressure plate for pressing the blade 321 onto the tool post.

[0052] A perforated rubber plate 6 is also provided between the motor 4 and the mold 1. The inner hole of the rubber plate 6 is used to fit and connect the first transmission head 5 and the second transmission head 31. Its functions are: a) to isolate the motor 4 compartment and the cutting compartment; b) the second transmission head 31 of the quick-change cutter assembly 3 can be inserted into the hole of the rubber plate 6 first. The rubber plate 6 can be elastically deformed to provide sufficient axial space for the installation of the quick-change cutter assembly 3.

[0053] The transmission head 2 31 and the transmission head 1 5 are meshing transmissions. The end of the transmission head 1 5 is provided with a meshing tooth 1, and the end of the transmission head 2 31 is provided with a meshing cylindrical surface 7 located in the center and a meshing tooth 2 surrounding the meshing cylindrical surface 7. The end of the meshing cylindrical surface 7 is also provided with a guide cone surface 8, which is used to guide the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 to be coaxial. The ends of the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 are also provided with an inclined angle guide surface 9, which is used to guide the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 to engage.

[0054] The transmission head 2 31 is made of POM soft material, which allows for a certain degree of coaxiality installation error.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] An assembly method for a quick-change device for an extruder cutter, based on the quick-change device for an extruder cutter of Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: Fix the conical shaft 2 to the mold 1 of the extruder with screws. The axis of the conical shaft 2 is coaxial with the axis of the mold 1 and perpendicular to the end face of the mold 1.

[0058] S2: The tapered sleeve 33 in the quick-change cutter assembly 3 is engaged with the tapered shaft 2 installed on the mold 1. The tapered shaft 2 and the tapered sleeve 33 have the same taper, and the taper angle is smaller than the friction angle between the tapered shaft 2 and the tapered sleeve 33. Once the tapered sleeve 33 is installed on the tapered shaft 2 and fits tightly, the two parts will achieve self-locking through friction, that is, the quick-change cutter assembly 3 will not fall off the tapered shaft 2.

[0059] S3: Sliding tooth 35 is tightly fitted with the shaft hole of tapered sleeve 33 and is relatively fixed; Sliding tooth 34 is tightly fitted with bearing 324 and is relatively fixed; Sliding tooth 34 and sliding tooth 35 are coaxial and can only move relative to each other along the shaft to ensure that the inner ring of bearing 324 will not rotate, and together with the outer cylindrical surface formed by the sliding tooth rack 38, the spring 36 is supported. The two ends of the spring 36 are respectively pressed against the end faces of sliding tooth 34 and tapered sleeve 33.

[0060] S4: Transmission head 1 5 is mounted on the output shaft of motor 4. Transmission head 1 5 meshes with transmission head 2 31. Transmission head 2 31, bearing cover 322, tool holder 323, tool post, pressure plate, and blade 321 are fastened together by screws to form an integral rotating motion component 32. The rotating motion component 32 rotates under the drive of motor 4.

[0061] S5: The outer ring of bearing 324 is tightly fitted with bearing cover 322 and is relatively fixed; the outer ring of sliding bearing 325 is tightly fitted with tool holder 323 and can rotate relative to and move axially with the outer cylindrical surface of tapered sleeve 33.

[0062] S6: After the quick-change cutter assembly 3 is installed on the tapered shaft 2, the moving motor 4 causes the transmission head 1 5 and the transmission head 2 31 to mesh. The meshing process is divided into two steps. The first step is to guide the meshing with the guide cone surface 8, and the second step is to guide the meshing with the angle guide surface 9. During the meshing process, the rotating motion component 32 of the quick-change cutter assembly 3 rotates under the guidance of the angle guide surface and finally enters the correct meshing angle.

[0063] S7: After the first transmission head 5 and the second transmission head 31 mesh in step S6, the motor 4 continues to move forward, the spring 36 of the quick-change cutter assembly 3 is compressed, and the rotating motion component 32 continues to move forward until the blade 321 contacts the end face of the mold 1 and reaches the target contact force, thus completing the assembly.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A quick-change method for a cutter in an extruder cutter quick-change device, based on the quick-change device for an extruder in Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0066] A1: Place the quick-change cutter assembly 3 onto the tapered shaft 2, and its tapered sleeve 33 will automatically lock with the tapered shaft 2 through friction.

[0067] A2: Motor 4 moves forward, and the transmission head 5 installed on the output shaft of motor 4 automatically meshes with the transmission head 31 on the quick-change cutter assembly 3. The guide structure between transmission head 5 and transmission head 31 can ensure the correct meshing between the transmission heads. Transmission head 31 can be made of softer materials such as POM, allowing for a certain coaxiality installation error.

[0068] A3: As the motor 4 continues to move forward, the spring 36 in the quick-change cutter assembly 3 is compressed, and the rotating motion component 32 moves forward until the blade 321 contacts the mold 1. The spring 36 can maintain a stable contact force between the blade 321 and the mold 1. The magnitude of the contact force between the blade 321 and the mold 1 can be adjusted by the stiffness and compression of the spring 36.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembly method for a quick-change device for an extruder cutter, based on a quick-change device for an extruder cutter, characterized in that, The quick-change cutter device for the extruder includes a conical shaft (2) fixed to the end of the extruder mold (1), a quick-change cutter assembly (3) installed outside the conical shaft (2) with a quick-connect fitting, and a motor (4) that drives the quick-change cutter assembly (3). The drive end of the motor (4) is equipped with a first transmission head (5). The quick-change cutter assembly (3) includes a second transmission head (31) that is connected to the first transmission head (5), a rotating motion component (32) that rotates with the second transmission head (31) under the drive of the motor (4), and a transfer mechanism. A tapered sleeve (33) is installed inside a rotating motion component (32) and is used to fit over the tapered shaft (2). The rotating motion component (32) includes a blade (321) that abuts against the end face of the mold (1) to cut the material extruded from the hole of the mold (1). The axis of the tapered shaft (2) is coaxial with the axis of the mold (1) and perpendicular to the end face of the mold (1). The tapered shaft (2) and the tapered sleeve (33) have the same taper and the taper angle is smaller than the friction angle between the tapered shaft (2) and the tapered sleeve (33). The rotating motion component (32) also includes a bearing cover (322) and a tool holder (323). The bearing cover (322) is fixed between the transmission head (31) and the tool holder (323), and a bearing (324) is tightly fitted inside it. A sliding bearing (325) is arranged inside the tool holder (323) for spacing between the tapered sleeve (33) and the tool holder (323). The quick-change cutter assembly (3) also includes a first sliding tooth (34) tightly fitted in the bearing (324), a second sliding tooth (35) tightly fitted in the shaft hole of the tapered sleeve (33), and a spring (36) sleeved on the first sliding tooth (34) and the second sliding tooth (35). The first sliding tooth (34) and the second sliding tooth (35) are coaxially arranged and include a sliding tooth end face (37) for abutting the spring (36). The sliding tooth racks (38) on the first sliding tooth (34) and the second sliding tooth (35) are staggered and interlocked in the circumferential direction, and the outer cylindrical surface formed is used to jointly support the spring (36). The two ends of the spring (36) abut against the abutting end faces of the first sliding tooth (34) and the tapered sleeve (33), respectively. The outer ring of the sliding bearing (325) is tightly fitted with the tool holder (323), and is slidably fitted with the outer cylindrical surface of the tapered sleeve (33). The inner ring of the sliding bearing (325) is tightly fitted with the outer cylindrical surface of the tapered sleeve (33) tool holder (323), and is fitted and slidably mounted with the tool holder (323). The transmission head 2 (31) and the transmission head 1 (5) are meshed. The end of the transmission head 1 (5) is provided with a meshing tooth 1. The end of the transmission head 2 (31) is provided with a meshing cylindrical surface (7) located in the center and a meshing tooth 2 surrounding the meshing cylindrical surface (7). The end of the meshing cylindrical surface (7) is also provided with a guide cone surface (8). The guide cone surface (8) is used to guide the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 to be coaxial. The ends of the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 are also provided with an inclined angle guide surface (9). The angle guide surface (9) is used to guide the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 to engage. The assembly method of this quick-change device for the extruder cutter includes the following steps: S1: Fix the conical shaft (2) to the mold (1) of the extruder with screws. The axis of the conical shaft (2) is coaxial with the axis of the mold (1) and perpendicular to the end face of the mold (1). S2: The tapered sleeve (33) in the quick-change cutter assembly (3) is fitted with the tapered shaft (2) installed on the mold (1). The tapered shaft (2) and the tapered sleeve (33) have the same taper and the taper angle is smaller than the friction angle between the tapered shaft (2) and the tapered sleeve (33). S3: Sliding tooth 2 (35) is tightly fitted and fixed relative to the shaft hole of tapered sleeve (33), sliding tooth 1 (34) is tightly fitted and fixed relative to the bearing 1 (324), sliding tooth 1 (34) and sliding tooth 2 (35) are coaxially arranged and move relative to each other along the shaft, and support the spring (36) together through the outer cylindrical surface formed by the sliding tooth rack (38), and the two ends of the spring (36) are respectively pressed against the end faces of sliding tooth 1 (34) and tapered sleeve (33); S4: Transmission head one (5) is installed on the output shaft of motor (4). Transmission head one (5) meshes with transmission head two (31). Transmission head two (31), bearing cover (322), tool holder (323), tool post, pressure plate, and blade (321) are fastened together by screws to form an integral rotating motion component (32). The rotating motion component (32) rotates under the drive of motor (4). S5: The outer ring of bearing 1 (324) is tightly fitted and fixed relative to bearing cover (322); the outer ring of sliding bearing (325) is tightly fitted with tool holder (323) and is slidably installed with tapered sleeve (33) on the outer cylindrical surface; S6: After the quick-change cutter assembly (3) is installed on the tapered shaft (2), the moving motor (4) causes the transmission head one (5) and the transmission head two (31) to mesh. The meshing process is divided into two steps. The first step is guided by the guide cone surface (8) to guide the meshing, and the second step is guided by the angle guide surface (9) to guide the meshing. During the meshing process, the rotating motion component (32) of the quick-change cutter assembly (3) rotates under the guidance of the angle guide surface and finally enters the correct meshing angle. S7: After the first transmission head (5) and the second transmission head (31) mesh in step S6, the motor (4) continues to move forward. The spring (36) of the quick-change cutter assembly (3) is compressed, and the rotating motion component (32) continues to move forward until the blade (321) contacts the end face of the mold (1) and reaches the target contact force. The assembly is then completed.

2. The assembly method of the quick-change device for the extruder cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool holder (323) is also provided with a tool post and a pressure plate for pressing the blade (321) onto the tool post.

3. The assembly method of the quick-change device for the extruder cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A perforated rubber plate (6) is also provided between the motor (4) and the mold (1). The inner hole of the rubber plate (6) is used to fit and insert the first transmission head (5) and the second transmission head (31).

4. The assembly method of the quick-change device for the extruder cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission head 2 (31) is made of POM soft material.

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