Application of a Poria cocos peel alcohol extract in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings and / or grafting

Abstract

This invention mainly relates to the application of a poria cocos peel alcohol extract in the propagation of wrinkled papaya through cuttings and / or grafting. Based on the growth characteristics, features, and cultivation requirements of papaya, by soaking cuttings and scions in a poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution, the survival rate of papaya cuttings is increased from 46% to over 97%, and the survival rate of double-branch grafting is increased from 50% to over 95%. Simultaneous grafting of two or three branches results in uniform seedling growth, robust and vigorous plants with well-developed root systems, fewer pests and diseases, high survival rate after transplanting, and faster fruiting, while maintaining the original varietal characteristics, quality, high yield, and stable production performance. This achieves the goal of increasing both ornamental and economic benefits by producing multiple (three) flowers per tree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant growth technology, and in particular relates to the application of a poria cocos peel alcohol extract in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings and / or grafting. Background Technology

[0002] According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, papaya originates from the Rosaceae plant, Chaenomeles speciosa. Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, the dried, nearly mature fruit. Currently, the main medicinal papaya producing areas in China are Changyang in Hubei, Xuancheng in Anhui, and Qijiang in Chongqing, where the papayas are commonly known as Ziqiu papaya, Xuan papaya, and Sichuan papaya, respectively. Over long-term cultivation, different varieties of papaya have emerged. The three major producing areas of Changyang in Hubei, Xuancheng in Anhui, and Qijiang in Chongqing all have two main groups: pink-flowered and bright red-flowered. A noteworthy phenomenon is that all three producing areas refer to the bright red-flowered group as "medicinal papaya" or "medicinal melon," believing its medicinal value to be higher than that of the pink-flowered group. However, the bright red-flowered group is currently endangered and requires stronger protection. The main reason for its endangerment is that this group hardly produces any fruit, leading to a gradual decline in its cultivation and a sharp decrease in its numbers.

[0003] The characteristics and quality of Ziqiu papaya are significantly different from those of common wrinkled-skin papaya. Therefore, some scholars believe that Ziqiu papaya is a variant of wrinkled-skin papaya or a natural hybrid of wrinkled-skin papaya and hairy-leaved papaya. The most significant characteristic is that the vast majority of ovules in Ziqiu papaya fail to develop normally, resulting in virtually no seeds in the fruit. Over long-term cultivation, different types of Ziqiu papaya have differentiated. The common type has pink flowers, oblong-cylindrical fruit, almost no formed seeds, and occasionally 1-2 seeds. Another type may have bright red flowers; the fruit is sub-round or cylindrical, and compared to the pink-flowered wrinkled-skin papaya of the same period, the fruit is yellowish-green with prominent warts, almost no formed seeds, and occasionally 1-2 seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of the aforementioned "medicinal papaya" failing to produce fruit, leading to a sharp decline in its quantity, this invention proposes a method that involves soaking cuttings or grafted branches in an alcoholic extract of Poria cocos peel. This method effectively improves the survival rate of cutting and grafted seedlings and enriches the flower colors of Ziqiu papaya, resulting in 2-3 different colors of flowers on a single tree.

[0005] The application of a Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution in the cutting and / or grafting of wrinkled papaya seedlings, the technical solution of which is: the preparation method of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution includes the following steps: (1) extraction of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution: using Poria cocos peel powder as raw material, ethanol reflux extraction is performed at least once, the extract is collected, evaporated and concentrated to paste, and dried;

[0006] (2) Preparation of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution: Take Poria cocos peel alcohol extract in a container and add pure water to prepare a 0.05-0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, step (1) involves reflux extraction with 70-95% ethanol three times;

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the drying temperature in step (2) is 55-65℃.

[0009] The application of a poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution obtained by the above preparation method in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings includes the following steps: (1) Selecting cuttings: Select one-year-old or two-year-old branches from wrinkled papaya;

[0010] Furthermore, select one- or two-year-old branches with plump tissues and buds that are 0.5 to 1 cm thick from superior mother plants. Generally, select branches from the middle and upper parts of the crown of superior mother trees that are 4 to 8 years old, facing the sun. These branches have more stored nutrients, strong cell vitality, and strong regeneration ability, and will root quickly after being inserted.

[0011] (2) Cutting treatment: After trimming the cuttings, keep them warm and moist for later use. Before inserting them into the soil, soak them in a prepared solution of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract for 2 to 12 hours.

[0012] (3) Setting up the cutting bed: Select sandy loam soil as the bed soil for the cuttings;

[0013] As a preferred option, the cutting bed should be located in a sheltered, sunny, high and dry place with good drainage. Before inserting the cuttings, make a hole in the seedbed with a bamboo stick or wooden stick to prevent the base of the cutting from being pricked or squeezed when it is inserted directly, which would affect the healing and rooting.

[0014] (4) Cuttings and post-cutting management: After disinfecting the seedbed, cuttings are taken. After cuttings are taken, post-cutting management is carried out. Roots will develop in one month and the cuttings can be transplanted out of the seedbed after one year.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, the cutting pruning in step (2) involves pruning the cuttings to 15-20cm, leaving 2-3 nodes, cutting the upper end flat 1cm from the terminal bud, and cutting the lower end into a horse ear-shaped bevel near the axillary bud.

[0016] As a preferred option, the heat preservation and moisture retention storage conditions described in step (2) are to place the cuttings in wet sand and store them at 1 to 5°C.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the sandy loam soil mentioned in step (3) is a soil with a clay component and sand component mass ratio of (3-4):(6-7).

[0018] In the preferred embodiment, the cuttings in step (4) are planted at a spacing of (10-20cm) × (20-30cm), with the upper buds protruding 3-5cm above the ground;

[0019] As a preferred option, the post-insertion management in step (4) is to maintain the moisture content of the insertion bed at 75-85%, the temperature at 24-28°C, and to maintain ventilation.

[0020] As a preferred option, for seedbeds sealed and insulated with plastic film, ventilation and cooling should be carried out by opening windows or removing the film, depending on the temperature inside the film, to prevent the cuttings from being burned.

[0021] The present invention also provides an application of the extract of Poria cocos peel alcohol solution in grafting and seedling cultivation of wrinkled papaya, the method comprising the following steps: (1) Cultivating robust rootstock: Cultivating robust rootstock by means of cutting propagation or division propagation;

[0022] (2) Select high-quality scions: Use mature branches from one-year-old branches as scions;

[0023] (3) Scion treatment: After pruning the scions, soak them in the prepared Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution for 2 to 12 hours;

[0024] (4) Grafting: Grafting the scion onto the rootstock. At least one color of scion can be grafted.

[0025] Preferably, the grafting method is one of branch grafting, bud grafting, and root grafting;

[0026] Further preferred grafting methods include one of the following: cleft grafting, whip grafting, bark grafting, tongue grafting, and side grafting.

[0027] A further preferred grafting method is cleft grafting.

[0028] (5) Post-grafting management: After grafting, loosen the binding, support the binding and prune the branches. For weak trees, spray foliar fertilizer and apply fertilizer to the roots in time.

[0029] (6) Seedlings can be transplanted in the autumn or winter of the same year or the spring of the following year after grafting.

[0030] In the preferred embodiment, the thinning of branches in step (5) involves pruning dense branches, back branches, branches with different orientations, or overlapping branches, with the amount of thinning accounting for 25-35% of the total number of grafted branches;

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the foliar fertilizer mentioned in step (5) is one or both of gibberellin and brassinolide;

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the root topdressing in step (5) is one or two of humic acid and amino acid fertilizer.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] (1) 95% ethanol extract of Poria cocos peel, with an extraction rate of 7.7%. The ethanol extract contains characteristic components pachymic acid 2.37% and sucralose 3.05%. This product can improve the survival rate of papaya cuttings and grafted seedlings.

[0035] (2) Soaking cuttings in a 0.05%–0.1% solution of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract for 2–12 hours can promote rooting during cutting propagation and improve the survival rate of cuttings. The survival rate increased from 46% to 97%.

[0036] (3) Soaking scions in a 0.05%–0.1% solution of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract for 2–12 hours can improve the survival rate of grafted seedlings. It can increase the survival rate of double-scion grafting from 50% to 95%. It can increase the survival rate of triple-scion grafting from 37% to 90%.

[0037] (4) By grafting two different colored scions and retaining some of the branches sprouting from the rootstock below the cut, the same tree can have branches of three varieties and bloom with three different colored flowers, forming a tree with three flowers. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is the HPLC chromatogram of the alcohol extract of Poria cocos peel.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grafted red-flowered wrinkled papaya flower and fruit;

[0040] Where 'a' is a schematic diagram of the grafted red-flowered wrinkled papaya flower;

[0041] Where b is a schematic diagram of the grafted red-flowered wrinkled papaya fruit.

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a wrinkled papaya cutting;

[0043] Where 'a' represents pure water treatment;

[0044] Where b represents a 0.1 wt% concentration of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a grafted seedling of wrinkled papaya.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the grafting effect;

[0047] Where 'a' is a schematic diagram comparing scion survival and growth (purified water treatment);

[0048] Where b is a schematic diagram comparing the survival and growth of the scion (treated with a 0.1wt% concentration of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution);

[0049] Where c is a schematic diagram of the grafting result of "one tree with three flowers". Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Preparation of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution

[0053] 1. Experimental materials and equipment

[0054] Materials: Poria cocos peel: purchased from Jiuzihe, Hubei and Diqing, Yunnan, and identified as Poria cocos by Professor Wang Yubing of Three Gorges University. Poria cocos (Schw.) wolf skin.

[0055] Reagents: Poria cocos and septolysin reference standards (purity ≥98.0%) were provided by Chengdu Professional Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Chromatographic methanol was provided by Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA. All other reagents were of analytical grade.

[0056] Instruments: See Table 1

[0057] Table 1

[0058] Instrument Model Manufacturer AR224CN Electronic Analytical Balance with a 0.0001 ppm Margin Shanghai Ohaus Instruments Co., Ltd. CJ-LTL10I Laboratory Ultrapure Water System Pure Technology Co., Ltd. KQ-400DB CNC Ultrasonic Cleaner Kunshan Ultrasonic Instruments Co., Ltd. UV-5900 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer Shanghai Yuanxi Instrument Co., Ltd. SQ510C Vertical Pressure Steam Sterilizer Chongqing Yamato Technology Co., Ltd. H1850R Tabletop High-Speed ​​Centrifuge Shanghai Airong Instrument Co., Ltd. LC-2030C High Performance Liquid Chromatograph Shimadzu Manufacturing Co., Ltd. GZX-9240 MBE Digital Display Blower Drying Oven Shanghai Boxun Industrial Co., Ltd. Medical Equipment Factory DLSB type cryogenic coolant circulation pump Gongyi Yuhua Instrument Co., Ltd. N-1300 Rotary Evaporator Shanghai Airong Instrument Co., Ltd. SHZ-D type circulating water multi-purpose vacuum pump Zhengzhou Kefeng Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.

[0059] 2. Preparation of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract and solution

[0060] Alcohol extraction: Weigh 500g of Poria cocos peel powder, reflux with 95% ethanol three times, collect the extract, evaporate and concentrate to a paste, dry at 60℃, the extraction rate is 7.7%.

[0061] Preparation of alcoholic extract solution: Weigh 10.0 g of Poria cocos peel alcoholic extract into a 10 L container, add 10 L of pure water, and heat and stir in an 80℃ water bath until the sample is completely dissolved. Prepare two concentrations of Poria cocos peel alcoholic extract solution, 0.05 wt% and 0.1 wt%, and store at 4℃ for later use.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] 1. Determination of alcohol extract content

[0064] Accurately weigh 5 mg of Poria cocos and sucralose reference standards, add them to a 25 mL volumetric flask, add chromatographic methanol, shake thoroughly to dissolve, and dilute to 25 mL to obtain a reference solution with a concentration of 0.2 mg / mL.

[0065] The prepared reference solutions were diluted to concentrations of 0.02 mg / mL, 0.04 mg / mL, 0.08 mg / mL, 0.12 mg / mL, 0.14 mg / mL, and 0.16 mg / mL, respectively, before being determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC conditions were as follows: YMC-Pack AQC18 column, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm; mobile phase: acetonitrile-water (90:10); flow rate: 1.0 mL / min; column temperature: 35℃; detection wavelength: 203 nm. Linear fitting was performed on the peak areas against the reference concentrations, yielding the following regression equations: *Poria cocos* Y = 1 × 10⁷ X - 517.39, R² = 0.9997; *Saccharin* Y = 1 × 10⁷ X - 406.26, R² = 0.9995.

[0066] 2. Determination of the content of Poria cocos and sucralose in the sample

[0067] Take 1g of Poria cocos peel powder and place it in a stoppered conical flask. Add 50ml of chromatographic methanol and sonicate at room temperature (ultrasonic input power 400W, ultrasonic frequency 40kHz) for 5min. After soaking for 3h, filter. Transfer the filtrate to a 50ml volumetric flask and dilute to volume with chromatographic methanol. Then filter through a 0.45μm microporous membrane. Take the filtrate and determine the contents of Poria cocos bacteria and serotonin by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Take 20mg of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract and place it in a 10ml volumetric flask. Add 10ml of chromatographic methanol and sonicate at room temperature for 5min. Dilute to volume with chromatographic methanol. Then filter through a 0.45μm microporous membrane. Take the filtrate and determine the contents of Poria cocos bacteria and serotonin by HPLC. The HPLC conditions are the same as above. The contents of Poria cocos acid and serotonin are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2. Content of pachymic acid and sucralose in Poria cocos peel and alcohol extract.

[0069] sample Poria cocos acid Suppositories Poria cocos peel from Jiuzihe, Hubei 0.11% 0.14% Yunnan Diqing Poria Cocos Peel 0.09% 0.12% Jiuzihe Poria cocos peel alcohol extract 2.37% 3.05%

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Application of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings

[0072] Location for cuttings: Sheping Village, Langping Town, Changyang County, Yichang City, Hubei Province

[0073] Cuttings were taken on April 5, 2021.

[0074] (1) Selection of cuttings: 400 one-year-old or two-year-old branches from wrinkled papaya;

[0075] Furthermore, select one- or two-year-old branches from superior mother plants that are well-developed, have plump buds, and are 0.5 to 1 cm in diameter. Generally, select branches from the middle and upper parts of the crown of superior mother trees that are 4 to 8 years old, facing the sun. These branches have more stored nutrients, strong cell vitality, and strong regeneration ability, and will root quickly after being inserted.

[0076] (2) Cutting treatment: After trimming the cuttings, keep them warm and moist for storage. Before cutting, soak them in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours.

[0077] (3) Setting up the cutting bed: Select sandy loam soil as the bed soil for the cuttings;

[0078] As a preferred option, the cutting bed should be located in a sheltered, sunny, high and dry place with good drainage. Before inserting the cuttings, make a hole in the seedbed with a bamboo stick or wooden stick to prevent the base of the cutting from being pricked or squeezed when it is inserted directly, which would affect the healing and rooting.

[0079] (4) Cuttings and post-cutting management: After disinfecting the seedbed, cuttings are taken. After cuttings are taken, post-cutting management is carried out. Roots will develop in one month and the cuttings can be transplanted out of the seedbed after one year.

[0080] Further, the cutting pruning in step (2) involves pruning the cuttings to 15-20cm, leaving 2-3 nodes, cutting the upper end flat 1cm from the terminal bud, and cutting the lower end into a horse ear-shaped bevel near the axillary bud;

[0081] Furthermore, the heat preservation and moisture retention storage conditions described in step (2) are to place the cuttings in wet sand and store them at 1-5°C.

[0082] Furthermore, the sandy loam soil mentioned in step (3) is a soil with a clay component and sand component mass ratio of 4:6.

[0083] Furthermore, the cuttings described in step (4) are planted at a spacing of (10-20cm) × (20-30cm), with the upper buds protruding 3-5cm above the ground;

[0084] Furthermore, the post-insertion management described in step (4) involves maintaining the moisture content of the insertion bed at 75-85%, the temperature at 24-28°C, and ensuring ventilation.

[0085] Furthermore, for seedbeds sealed with plastic film for insulation, ventilation and cooling should be carried out by opening windows or removing the film, depending on the temperature inside the film, to prevent the cuttings from being burned.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 3, except that "soaking for 6 hours in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1" was changed to "soaking for 6 hours in the 0.1% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1".

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 3, except that "soaking for 6 hours in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1" was changed to "soaking for 6 hours in the 0.1% rooting powder solution".

[0090] Comparative Example 2

[0091] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 3, except that "soaking in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in 0.1% indoleacetic acid for 10 minutes".

[0092] Comparative Example 3

[0093] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 3, except that "soaking in 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in purified water for 6 hours".

[0094] Example 5

[0095] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 3, except that "soaking in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in the 0.1% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 2 hours".

[0096] Example 6

[0097] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 3, except that "soaking for 6 hours in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1" was changed to "soaking for 12 hours in the 0.1% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1".

[0098] The experimental results of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 3.

[0099] Table 3. Effects of different treatments on cuttings

[0100] Group Survival rate (%) Average seedling base diameter (cm) Average seedling height (cm) Example 3 89 0.54 17.2 Example 4 97 0.61 17.8 Comparative Example 1 87 0.55 17.1 Comparative Example 2 85 0.52 16.9 Comparative Example 3 46 0.48 15.6 Example 5 92 0.59 17.3 Example 6 98 0.62 17.7

[0101] Note: The range of surviving cuttings selected in Table 3 above is 0.5-1.0 cm in diameter at the base and 15.0-20.0 cm in height.

[0102] Example 7

[0103] Application of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract in grafting and seedling cultivation of wrinkled papaya

[0104] Grafting location: Sheping Village, Langping Town, Changyang County, Yichang City, Hubei Province

[0105] Grafting date: March 20, 2022

[0106] (1) Cultivating robust rootstocks: 200 robust rootstocks were cultivated using the cutting propagation method in Example 4. The rootstocks in this example were all Papaya pulchella var. pulchella.

[0107] (2) Selecting high-quality scions: One year after the rootstock is planted, 500 mature branches from one-year-old branches are used as scions;

[0108] (3) Scion treatment: After pruning, the scions were soaked in the prepared 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution for 6 hours as in Example 1;

[0109] (4) Grafting: Graft the scions of red-flowered and white-flowered wrinkled papaya onto the rootstock of pink-flowered wrinkled papaya. Two scions are grafted onto each rootstock, with one scion each of red-flowered and white-flowered wrinkled papaya as the main scions. After the scions survive, retain one scion each of red-flowered and white-flowered scions, and retain the new branches that grow below the rootstock graft union for 1-2 years to form 2-3 branches with different flower colors.

[0110] Furthermore, the grafting method is cleft grafting.

[0111] (5) Post-grafting management: After grafting, loosen the binding, support the binding and prune the branches. For weak trees, spray foliar fertilizer and apply fertilizer to the roots in time.

[0112] (6) Seedlings can be transplanted in the autumn or winter of the same year or the spring of the following year after grafting.

[0113] Furthermore, the thinning mentioned in step (5) involves cutting off dense branches, back branches, directional branches, or overlapping branches. The amount of thinning accounts for 25-35% of the total number of grafted branches. Too many branches should not be thinned to avoid affecting the early shaping of the tree and the accumulation of nutrients in the root system.

[0114] Furthermore, the foliar fertilizer mentioned in step (5) is one or both of gibberellin and brassinolide;

[0115] Furthermore, the root fertilization mentioned in step (5) is one or two of humic acid and amino acid fertilizer.

[0116] Example 8

[0117] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 7, except that "soaking in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in the 0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours".

[0118] Comparative Example 4

[0119] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 7, except that "soaking in 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in purified water for 6 hours".

[0120] Example 9

[0121] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 7, except that "grafting 2 scions onto each rootstock" was changed to "grafting 3 scions onto each rootstock".

[0122] Example 10

[0123] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 9, except that "soaking in the 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in the 0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours".

[0124] Comparative Example 5

[0125] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 9, except that "soaking in 0.05wt% Poria cocos peel extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in purified water for 6 hours".

[0126] Example 11

[0127] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 10, except that "soaking in the 0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 6 hours" was changed to "soaking in the 0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 2 hours".

[0128] Example 12

[0129] The experimental procedure was the same as in Example 11, except that "soaking in the 0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 2 hours" was changed to "soaking in the 0.1wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution prepared in Example 1 for 12 hours".

[0130] The experimental results of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 4.

[0131] Table 4. Effects of Poria cocos peel extract treatment on grafted seedlings

[0132] Group Survival rate (%) Example 7 90 Example 8 95 Comparative Example 4 50 Example 9 80 Example 10 90 Comparative Example 5 37 Example 11 64 Example 12 78

Claims

1. The application of a Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings and / or grafting, by grafting two different colored scions and retaining some of the branches sprouting from the rootstock below the cut, so that the same tree has branches of three varieties and blooms with three colors of flowers, forming a tree with three flowers.

2. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution according to claim 1 in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings and / or grafting, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution is as follows: (1) Extraction of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract: using Poria cocos peel powder as raw material, ethanol reflux extraction was performed at least once, the extract was collected, evaporated and concentrated to a paste, and then dried; (2) Preparation of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution: Take 1 part of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract into a container by weight, and then add pure water to prepare a 0.05-0.1 wt% Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution.

3. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract according to claim 1 in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings, characterized in that... The following steps are included: (1) Selecting cuttings: Select one-year-old or two-year-old branches of wrinkled papaya; (2) Cutting treatment: After trimming the cuttings, keep them warm and moist for later use. Before inserting them into the soil, soak them in a prepared solution of Poria cocos peel alcohol extract for 2 to 12 hours. (3) Setting up the cutting bed: Select sandy loam soil as the bed soil for the cuttings; (4) Cuttings and post-cutting management: After disinfecting the seedbed, cuttings are taken. After cuttings are taken, post-cutting management is carried out. Roots will develop in one month and the cuttings can be transplanted out of the seedbed after one year.

4. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract according to claim 1 in the grafting and seedling cultivation of wrinkled papaya, characterized in that... The steps include: (1) Cultivating robust rootstocks: Cultivating robust rootstocks by means of cutting propagation or division propagation; (2) Select high-quality scions: Use mature branches from one-year-old branches as scions; (3) Scion treatment: After pruning the scions, soak them in the prepared Poria cocos peel alcohol extract solution for 2 to 12 hours; (4) Grafting: Grafting the scion onto the rootstock. At least one color of scion can be grafted. (5) Post-grafting management: After grafting, loosen the binding, support the binding and prune the branches. For weak trees, spray foliar fertilizer and apply fertilizer to the roots in time. (6) Seedlings can be transplanted in the autumn or winter of the same year or the spring of the following year after grafting.

5. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract according to claim 3 in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings, characterized in that: The cutting pruning described in step (2) involves pruning the cuttings to 15-20cm, leaving 2-3 nodes, cutting the upper end flat 1cm from the terminal bud, and cutting the lower end into a horse ear-shaped bevel near the axillary bud. The heat preservation and moisture retention storage conditions mentioned in step (2) are to place the cuttings in wet sand and store them at 1-5℃.

6. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract according to claim 3 in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings, characterized in that: The sandy loam mentioned in step (3) is a soil with a clay component and sand component mass ratio of (3-4):(6-7).

7. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract according to claim 3 in the propagation of wrinkled papaya by cuttings, characterized in that: The cuttings mentioned in step (4) are planted at a spacing of (10-20cm) × (20-30cm), with the upper buds protruding 3-5cm above the ground; The post-insertion management described in step (4) is to maintain the moisture content of the insertion bed at 75-85%, the temperature at 24-28°C, and to keep it well-ventilated.

8. The application of the Poria cocos peel alcohol extract according to claim 4 in the grafting and seedling cultivation of wrinkled papaya, characterized in that: The thinning mentioned in step (5) involves pruning dense branches, back branches, branches that change direction, or overlapping branches, with the amount of thinning accounting for 25-35% of the total number of grafted branches; The foliar fertilizer mentioned in step (5) is one or both of gibberellin and brassinolide; The root fertilization mentioned in step (5) is one or two of humic acid and amino acid fertilizer.

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