Method for dividing seedling trays

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for separating seedling trays, and belongs to the field of agricultural technology. The present invention discloses a method for separating seedling trays, which utilizes a tray separating machine to separate seedling trays, and can meet the needs of high-speed tray separation. Without improving the level of the tray separation motor, high-speed tray separation can be achieved by adjusting the high-precision motor and only adjusting the pulse. At the same time, in order to avoid the problem of inconvenient tray separation speed regulation, which causes the separated seedling trays to be unable to be tightly connected, thereby causing the bottom soil to leak, the present invention calculates the time it takes for the trays to be tightly connected after being separated, so that the trays separated by the tray separating machine are tightly connected, reducing the possibility of bottom soil leaking, and making the seedling trays tightly connected, thereby being compatible with various models of 500-3500 trays / h.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and more particularly to a method for separating seedling trays. Background Art

[0002] Rice, as my country's largest grain crop, is widely grown in my country. More than 65% of the population relies on rice as their staple food, proving its crucial role in my country's grain production. With the increasing demand for rice, automated rice seedling raising equipment is now widely used.

[0003] As a major agricultural nation, my country has always prioritized agricultural production. In recent years, in response to the nation's call for rapid development of agricultural science and technology, numerous automated machines have been incorporated into agricultural production. Rice seedling cultivation, a crucial component of rice cultivation, has garnered widespread attention for its automation and efficiency. A variety of rice seedling tray sowing production lines have been developed to address this demand. These lines typically include tray delivery, subsoil laying, compaction, sowing, topsoil covering, water spraying, and tray stacking.

[0004] Currently, different seedling production lines require different tray loading speeds, and are not compatible with various models with a tray loading speed of 500-3500 trays / hour. The tray loading mechanism is a cumulative drop-down system, which requires multiple people to load trays, resulting in inconvenient operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0006] In view of the fact that the existing disc separation equipment cannot meet the demand for high-speed disc separation, problems such as disc chucking and inconvenient operation often occur during high-speed disc separation on the production line. The present invention provides a disc separation method, which makes the disc separation process faster and more convenient through a reasonable disc separation method.

[0007] 2. Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0009] A seedling tray separation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Obtain the motor parameters of the soil covering conveyor line when the soil covering machine of the high-speed seedling raising line can completely cover the seedling tray with soil, and calculate the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line. 覆 ;

[0011] Step 2: According to the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line 覆 Calculate the time it takes for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine;

[0012] Step 3: Calculate the linear speed V of the tray conveyor line based on the distance S between the tray separator and the soil covering machine. 分 ;

[0013] Step 4: According to the linear speed V of the tray conveyor line 分 Determine the speed r of the tray conveying motor 分 ;

[0014] Step 5: Determine the number of equal parts of the high-precision motor.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 1, the linear velocity V of the soil covering conveying line is calculated according to formula (1): 覆 ;

[0016] V 覆 =L 抛 / T 落 (1)

[0017] in, H is the time it takes for the soil to fall from the covering machine to the seedling tray. 落 is the height of soil falling, g is the acceleration of gravity; since the soil falling from the covering device is in the form of a parabola, L 抛 It is the distance moved horizontally during the parabola.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 2, the time for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine is calculated according to formula (2):

[0019] t 盘 =L 盘 / V 覆 (2)

[0020] Among them, L 盘 is the length of the seedling tray, t 盘 It is the time for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 3, since the distance S is determined, in order to allow the next seedling tray to catch up with the previous seedling tray before the soil covering is completed, the seedling tray needs to be moved at t 盘 The distance S is covered in time, so

[0022] V 分 =S / t 盘 (3).

[0023] Furthermore, in step 4, the rotation speed r of the motor for conveying the trays is calculated according to formula (4). 分

[0024] r 分 =(V 分 / C 齿 )R (4)

[0025] Among them, C齿 is the circumference of the transmission gear, and R is the reduction ratio.

[0026] First calculate the theoretical split time t using the maximum number of equal splits 理 , and the theoretical time t 理 The time t when the seedling tray passes through the soil covering machine 盘 For comparison, if t 理 ≤t 盘 , then 30,000 equal parts can be selected as the optimal number of equal parts. If t 理 >t 盘 , then reselect equal fractions until t 理 ≤t 盘， This can determine the final distribution time.

[0027] When 30,000 equal divisions are selected, the maximum frequency of action required for rotating each angle is: 30,000 / 360=83.3pps / degree. After the motor is amplified, the actual frequency of action required for the external machinery to rotate each angle is: 83.3*Rpps / degree. When the seedling tray is divided, the motor needs to rotate half a circle and 180°, so the total number of pulses is: P=83.3*R*180pps.

[0028] Furthermore, the equipment used includes a tray dividing machine, a tray dividing conveyor line and a soil covering conveyor line, and the speed of the tray dividing conveyor line is greater than the speed of the soil covering conveyor line.

[0029] Furthermore, the tray separator is provided with a pressure plate in front for detecting whether there are seedling trays being transported through the channel. When it is detected that a seedling tray is transported to the front of the tray separator and there are seedling trays in the tray separator, the motor of the front channel stops and waits until all the seedling trays in the tray separator are transported away before transporting the seedling trays into the tray separator.

[0030] Furthermore, the maximum distance for the tableting setting is determined by calculation based on the front channel and the tray sorting machine speed.

[0031] 3. Beneficial effects

[0032] Compared with the existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following significant effects:

[0033] The present invention provides a method for separating seedling trays using a tray separating machine to separate the seedling trays. This method can meet the needs of high-speed tray separation. High-speed tray separation can be achieved by adjusting the high-precision motor and simply adjusting the pulses, without increasing the level of the tray separation motor. Furthermore, to avoid the problem of inconvenient tray separation speed regulation, which results in the separated seedling trays not being tightly connected and thus causing soil leakage from the bottom soil, the present invention calculates the time it takes for the separated trays to be tightly connected after being separated, ensuring that the trays separated by the tray separating machine are tightly connected, reducing the possibility of soil leakage from the bottom soil and ensuring that the seedling trays are tightly connected. This method is therefore compatible with various machine models with a capacity of 500-3500 trays / hour. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a calculation principle diagram for the front-loading setting of the tray-separating machine in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] In a method for separating seedling trays according to the present embodiment, a pressure plate is placed in front of the tray separator to detect whether a seedling tray is being conveyed through the channel. When it is detected that a seedling tray is conveyed in front of the tray separator and there are seedling trays in the tray separator, the motor of the front channel stops and waits until all the seedling trays in the tray separator are conveyed away before conveying the seedling tray into the tray separator. In the present embodiment, in order to ensure that the seedling trays are tightly connected so that the seedling soil can be completely sown in the seedling trays during the covering step, the next seedling tray needs to be conveyed to be tightly connected to the seedling tray before the previous seedling tray passes through the covering machine. Therefore, the present embodiment adopts a two-stage conveyor to convey the seedling trays. When the seedling tray reaches the position of the covering machine, the seedling tray is transferred from the tray separation conveyor line to the covering conveyor line for conveyance, and the speed of the tray separation conveyor line is greater than the speed of the covering conveyor line.

[0038] A method for separating seedling trays in this embodiment comprises the following specific steps:

[0039] Step 1: Obtain the motor parameters of the soil covering conveyor line when the soil covering machine of the high-speed seedling raising line can completely cover the seedling tray with soil, and calculate the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line. 覆 ;

[0040] In order to enable the covering machine to cover the seedling tray with a certain thickness of soil at high speed, the linear speed V of the covering conveyor line is 覆 The speed of the soil falling in the soil covering machine must match the speed of the soil falling in the soil covering machine; thus, the linear speed V of the soil covering conveying line is calculated according to formula (1): 覆 ;

[0041] V 覆 =L 抛 / T 落 (1)

[0042] in, H is the time it takes for the soil to fall from the covering machine to the seedling tray. 落 is the height of soil falling, g is the acceleration of gravity; since the soil falling from the covering device is in the form of a parabola, L 抛 It is the distance moved horizontally during the parabola.

[0043] Step 2: According to the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line 覆 Calculate the time it takes for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine;

[0044] t 盘 =L 盘 / V 覆 (2)

[0045] Among them, L 盘 is the length of the seedling tray, t 盘 The time it takes for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine;

[0046] Step 3: Calculate the linear speed V of the tray conveyor line based on the distance S between the tray separator and the soil covering machine. 分 ;

[0047] Since the distance S is determined, in order to make the next seedling tray catch up with the previous one before the soil covering is completed, the seedling tray needs to be moved at t 盘 The distance S is covered in time, so

[0048] V 分 =S / t 盘 (3)

[0049] Step 4: According to the linear speed V of the tray conveyor line 分 Determine the speed r of the tray conveying motor 分 ;

[0050] r 分 =(V 分 / C 齿 )R (4)

[0051] Among them, C 齿 is the circumference of the transmission gear, and R is the reduction ratio.

[0052] Step 5: Determine the number of high-precision motors to be divided equally;

[0053] In this embodiment, the tray dividing machine uses a high-precision motor. This type of motor can precisely divide the 360° rotation of the motor into 0-30,000 equal parts. Theoretically, the higher the number of equal parts, the higher the equipment operating performance. When the precision is the maximum equal parts, the maximum frequency of action required to rotate each angle is: 30,000 / 360=83.3 (pps / degree). In order to amplify the motor torque, it is necessary to amplify it through a reducer. According to the practical reduction ratio of the reduction motor, it can be calculated that the frequency of action required for the external machinery to actually rotate each angle is: 83.3*R (pps / degree). When the seedling tray is divided, the motor needs to rotate half a circle, that is, 180°, and the total number of pulses is: P=83.3*R*180pps. Since the maximum pulse speed is 10KHz, the theoretical tray dividing time t is calculated according to the above parameters. 理 = P / 10KHz, the theoretical time t 理 The time t when the seedling tray passes through the soil covering machine 盘 For comparison, if t 理 ≤t 盘 , then 30,000 equal parts can be selected as the optimal number of equal parts. If t 理 >t 盘 , then reselect equal fractions until t 理 ≤t 盘， This can determine the final distribution time.

[0054] Combine Figure 1 In order to ensure the accuracy of the seedling tray detection in this embodiment, the distance of the front pressing plate cannot be too far. The maximum distance L of the pressing plate setting is determined according to the front channel and the speed of the tray machine. 等 , the calculation process is as follows:

[0055] Travel distance of seedling tray 1: L1=L 过渡 +1 / 2L 盘 +L 盘

[0056] Travel distance of seedling tray 2: L2 = L 等 +L 分 +L 过渡 +1 / 2L 盘

[0057] Among them, L 分 is the length of the tray dividing machine, L 过渡 It is the length of the transition section between the tray dividing machine and the tray dividing conveyor line.

[0058] Assume the motor speed of the tray waiting area is V 等 , the soil conveying line speed is V 覆 , the time of the split is t 理 , then the time it takes for the seedling tray 1 to travel is:

[0059] t1 = (L 过渡 + 1 / 2L 盘 ) / V 分 + L 盘 / V 覆

[0060] The travel time of the seedling tray 2 is:

[0061] T2 = (L 等 + 1 / 2L 盘 ) / V 等 + L 分 / V 分 + t 分 +(L 过渡 + 1 / 2L 盘 ) / V 分

[0062] When t2 < t1, the second seedling tray can catch up with the first one before soil covering. When t1 = t2, L can be calculated 等 which is the maximum value satisfying the conditions.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] In this embodiment, first, the rated speed of the motor of the soil covering conveyor line is determined to be 1500 r / min, and the reduction ratio of the reducer is 1:20. That is, the gear speed = 1500 / 20 = 75 r / min = 1.25 r / s. The gear radius is 57 mm, then the circumference of one rotation of the gear is: 2 * 3.14 * 57 mm = 357.96 mm; then the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line 覆 = 1.25 * 357.96 mm / s = 447.45 mm / s; the length of the seedling tray is 600 mm, and the time for the whole seedling tray to pass through is: t 盘 = 600 / 447.45 s = 1.34 s.

[0065] To ensure the gapless movement of the seedling tray, it is necessary to calculate the linear speed of the sub - tray conveyor motor and it can be closely combined with the previous seedling tray before the seedling tray reaches the soil covering. The rated speed of the sub - tray conveyor motor is 1500 r / min, and the reduction ratio of the reducer is 1:10. That is, the gear speed = 1500 / 10 = 150 r / min = 2.5 r / s; the gear radius of the main - line motor is 39 mm, then the circumference of one rotation of the gear is 2 * 3.14 * 39 mm = 244.92 mm. The belt speed of the sub - tray conveyor motor is: V 分 = 2.5 * 244.92 mm / s = 612.3 mm / s.

[0066] The tray dividing machine is divided into 30,000 equal parts, and the maximum frequency of movement required for each rotation angle is: 30,000 / 360=83.3pps / degree; the torque of the motor is amplified by a reducer with a speed ratio of 1:20, and the actual frequency of movement required for each angle of the external machine to rotate is: 83.3pps / degree*20=1666pps / degree; when the seedling trays are divided, the motor needs to rotate half a circle and 180°, so the total number of pulses is: P=1666pps*180=299880pps≈300K; the maximum pulse speed is 10KHz, so the relationship between the total number of pulses and the pulse speed is 300K / 10K=3s, so the time for each tray division is 3s>1.34s, and it is impossible to ensure gapless movement between the seedling trays. In order to ensure that the seedling trays move forward without gaps and that the high-precision motor can operate stably for a long time, the number of pulses sent per rotation is set to 10,000. At the same speed, the tray separation time is 1s, which can meet the main line operation requirements.

[0067] Based on the tray separation speed, tray separation motor speed and main line speed, calculate whether there will be a gap between the two seedling trays during operation. The distance between the tray separation machine and the soil covering machine is 890mm, and the linear speed of the soil covering conveyor line is V. 覆 =447.45mm / s, the belt speed of the tray conveyor motor is V 分 =612.3mm / s, the separation time is 1s, then the distance between the two seedling trays is interval = 44.7mm, the time for the seedling tray to pass through the separation machine is: 600 / 612.3s=0.98s, according to

[0068] V 覆 t1 + interval = V 分 t1

[0069] It can be concluded that t1 = 0.27s < 0.98s. According to the calculation, there will be no gap between the two seedling trays.

[0070] In this example, the machine's 360° rotation is divided into 10,000 equal parts. The required motion frequency for each rotation angle is: 10,000 / 360 = 27.7 pps / degree. By amplifying the motor's torque with a speed reducer with a 1:20 ratio, the actual motion frequency required for each rotation angle of the external machine is: 27.7 pps / degree * 20 = 554 pps / degree.

[0071] This high-precision motor achieves higher precision in separating the plates, enabling closed-loop control of position, speed, and torque. Furthermore, the motor offers advantages such as low heat generation and noise, strong overload resistance, and excellent high-speed performance. When the plate is shut down, the motor's dynamic response time for acceleration and deceleration is short, enabling immediate shutdown and minimizing stalls.

[0072] The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its embodiments, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs a structure and embodiment similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating seedling trays, characterized in that: The steps are: Step 1: Obtain the motor parameters of the soil covering conveyor line when the soil covering machine of the high-speed seedling raising line can completely cover the seedling tray with soil, and calculate the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line. 覆 ; Step 2: According to the linear speed V of the soil covering conveyor line 覆 Calculate the time it takes for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine; Step 3: Calculate the linear speed V of the tray conveyor line based on the distance S between the tray separator and the soil covering machine. 分 ; Step 4: According to the linear speed V of the tray conveyor line 分 Determine the speed r of the tray conveying motor 分 ; Step 5: Determine the number of equal parts of the high-precision motor.

2. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the linear velocity V of the soil covering conveying line is calculated according to formula (1): 覆 ; V 覆 =L 抛 / T 落 (1) in, H is the time it takes for the soil to fall from the covering machine to the seedling tray. 落 is the height of soil falling, g is the acceleration of gravity; since the soil falling from the covering device is in the form of a parabola, L 抛 It is the distance moved horizontally during the parabola.

3. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the second step, the time for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine is calculated according to formula (2). t 盘 =L 盘 / V 覆 (2) Among them, L 盘 is the length of the seedling tray, t 盘 It is the time for the seedling tray to pass through the soil covering machine.

4. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 3, since the distance S is determined, in order to allow the next seedling tray to catch up with the previous seedling tray before the soil covering is completed, the seedling tray needs to be moved at t 盘 The distance S is covered in time, so V 分 =S / t 盘 (3)。 5. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the speed r of the motor for conveying the trays is calculated according to formula (4). 分 r 分 =(V 分 / C 齿 )R (4) Among them, C 齿 is the circumference of the transmission gear, and R is the reduction ratio.

6. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5, first calculate the theoretical partition time t using the maximum number of equal partitions. 理 , and the theoretical time t 理 The time t when the seedling tray passes through the soil covering machine 盘 For comparison, if t 理 ≤t 盘 , then 30,000 equal parts can be selected as the optimal number of equal parts. If t 理 >t 盘 , then reselect equal fractions until t 理 ≤t 盘 , from which the final distribution time can be determined.

7. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 6, characterized in that: When 30,000 equal divisions are selected, the maximum frequency of action required for rotating each angle is: 30,000 / 360=83.3pps / degree. After the motor is amplified, the actual frequency of action required for the external machinery to rotate each angle is: 83.3*Rpps / degree. When the seedling tray is divided, the motor needs to rotate half a circle and 180°, so the total number of pulses is: P=83.3*R*180pps.

8. A method for separating seedling trays according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The equipment used includes a tray dividing machine, a tray dividing conveying line and a soil covering conveying line. The speed of the tray dividing conveying line is greater than that of the soil covering conveying line.

9. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tray separator is provided with a pressure plate in front, which is used to detect whether there are seedling trays transported through the channel. When it is detected that a seedling tray is transported to the front of the tray separator and there are seedling trays in the tray separator, the motor of the front channel stops and waits until all the seedling trays in the tray separator are transported away before transporting the seedling tray into the tray separator.

10. A method for separating seedling trays according to claim 9, characterized in that: Calculate based on the front channel and tray divider speed to determine the maximum distance for the tablet press setting.

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