Water-resistant tile adhesive
By using a combination of waste residue and sodium silicate to form a cross-linked network structure in tile adhesive, the problem of poor water resistance in tile adhesive is solved, the water resistance and bonding strength of tile adhesive are improved, and hollowing is prevented.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FOSHAN DONGPENG CERAMIC
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing tile adhesives have poor water resistance and easily swell and soften after being soaked in water, causing tiles to become hollow and fall off in kitchens, bathrooms, balconies, and other places, which cannot be effectively solved.
A combination of waste residues (fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag) is used to replace part of the silicate cement, and sodium silicate, an alkali activator, is added. Combined with quartz sand and additives, a cross-linked network structure is formed to improve the water resistance of the tile adhesive.
It significantly improves the water resistance and bonding strength of tile adhesive, reduces hollowing, and ensures the stability and performance of tiles.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0004633753430000071 
Figure BDA0004633753430000081
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of tile adhesive technology, and more particularly to a water-resistant tile adhesive. Background Technology
[0002] In traditional tile installation, the adhesion between the cement adhesive layer and the tile decreases as the tile's water absorption rate (E value) decreases. This is primarily because low-absorption (E < 0.1%) tiles have a higher degree of sintering, resulting in a smoother, denser surface with fewer micropores and pits. This reduces the strong interlocking effect formed after the tile and cement adhesive layer hydrate.
[0003] Furthermore, large-format, low-absorption ceramic tiles have lower residual stress after high-temperature firing, making them less prone to deformation. This lower deformation means that most of the stress at the interface between the tile and the cementitious adhesive layer is concentrated in the relatively weaker adhesive layer. Simultaneously, the use of large-format tiles means fewer grout lines per unit area, reducing the space available for stress release. These factors all contribute to increased stress on the cementitious adhesive layer, making it more susceptible to damage and breakage, ultimately leading to hollow spots and detachment during tile installation and use. On one hand, hollow ceramic tiles are prone to warping or falling off during use, affecting the decorative effect; on the other hand, when hollow spots occur in water-using areas such as balconies, kitchens, and bathrooms, they can easily accumulate water and produce unpleasant odors, severely impacting the living experience.
[0004] Insufficient bonding strength between the tile and the cement mortar-based adhesive is one of the causes of hollow tiles. Tile adhesive is a commonly used method to increase the strength between the tile and the adhesive; however, existing tile adhesives generally have poor water resistance, easily swelling and softening after soaking in water, resulting in a significant decrease in strength. Consequently, the hollow tile phenomenon in kitchens, bathrooms, balconies, and other areas has not been effectively resolved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a water-resistant tile adhesive that improves the water resistance of tile adhesive, thereby enhancing its versatility. This invention addresses the technical problem that existing tile adhesives generally have poor water resistance, easily swell and soften after being soaked in water, resulting in a significant decrease in strength and failing to effectively solve the problem of hollow tiles in kitchens, bathrooms, balconies, and other areas.
[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A water-resistant tile adhesive comprises, by weight parts, the following raw materials: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 540-700 parts quartz sand, and 30-85 parts additives.
[0008] The raw materials for the combined waste residue include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag. By mass percentage, the combined waste residue comprises the following chemical components: SiO2 32–36%, Al2O3 12–18%, Fe2O3 1.5–2.5%, CaO 30–38%, MgO 6–8.5%, Na2O 0.5–1%, TiO2 1.2–2.0%, K2O 0.2–0.6%, MnO 0.2–0.6%, SO3 1.5–2.5%, and loss on ignition 0.5–1.0%.
[0009] The particle size distribution of the combined waste residue is: 1.6μm≤D10≤2.0μm, 9μm≤D50≤12μm, 28μm≤D90≤32μm.
[0010] Preferably, the specific surface area of the combined waste residue is 480–510 m². 2 / kg.
[0011] Preferably, the additives include heavy calcium carbonate, early strength agent, cellulose ether, and redispersible latex powder;
[0012] According to the mass fractions, the water-resistant tile adhesive comprises the following raw materials: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 540-700 parts quartz sand, 20-60 parts heavy calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts early strength agent, 1-5 parts cellulose ether, and 8-15 parts redispersible latex powder.
[0013] Preferably, the early strength agent is calcium formate.
[0014] Preferably, the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate is 400 mesh.
[0015] Preferably, the quartz sand includes fine-grained quartz sand and coarse-grained quartz sand, wherein the particle size of the fine-grained quartz sand is 70-120 mesh and the particle size of the coarse-grained quartz sand is 40-70 mesh.
[0016] Preferably, the water-resistant ceramic tile adhesive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of silicate cement, 100-200 parts of combined waste residue, 3-8 parts of sodium silicate, 360-450 parts of fine-grained quartz sand, 180-250 parts of coarse-grained quartz sand, and 30-85 parts of additives.
[0017] The technical solutions provided in this application embodiment may include the following beneficial effects:
[0018] By adding a combination of waste residues, including fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag, to the tile adhesive formulation to replace part of the silicate cement, and by adding a certain amount of alkali activator sodium silicate, the active components such as SiO2, CaO, and Al2O3 in the combined waste residues react with the hydration products of silicate cement to create a "volcanic ash effect," and the particle size distribution of these components acts as a micro-aggregate filler in the system. In addition, the alkali activator sodium silicate enhances the early tensile strength of the tile adhesive, thereby significantly improving the overall performance of the tile adhesive, especially its water resistance. Detailed Implementation
[0019] A water-resistant tile adhesive comprises, by weight parts, the following raw materials: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 540-700 parts quartz sand, and 30-85 parts additives.
[0020] The raw materials for the combined waste residue include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag. By mass percentage, the combined waste residue comprises the following chemical components: SiO2 32–36%, Al2O3 12–18%, Fe2O3 1.5–2.5%, CaO 30–38%, MgO 6–8.5%, Na2O 0.5–1%, TiO2 1.2–2.0%, K2O 0.2–0.6%, MnO 0.2–0.6%, SO3 1.5–2.5%, and loss on ignition 0.5–1.0%.
[0021] The particle size distribution of the combined waste residue is: 1.6μm≤D10≤2.0μm, 9μm≤D50≤12μm, 28μm≤D90≤32μm.
[0022] To improve the water resistance of tile adhesive, this solution proposes a water-resistant tile adhesive comprising silicate cement, combined waste residue, sodium silicate, quartz sand, and additives. Specifically, this solution adds a combination of waste residue, including fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag, to the tile adhesive formulation to replace part of the silicate cement. Simultaneously, a certain amount of alkali activator sodium silicate is added. The active components such as SiO2, CaO, and Al2O3 in the combined waste residue interact with the hydration products of silicate cement through a "volcanic ash effect," and the particle size distribution of these components acts as a micro-aggregate filler in the system. Combined with the alkali activator sodium silicate, this enhances the early tensile strength of the tile adhesive, thereby significantly improving its overall performance, especially its water resistance.
[0023] Specifically, the combined waste residues in this scheme include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag, and their chemical composition and particle size distribution are defined.
[0024] Firstly, since the aforementioned waste residue is generally a product of rapid cooling via water spraying in a high-temperature molten state, it forms a large amount of glass phase. This not only possesses pozzolanic activity but also, when the combined waste residue is added to the tile adhesive formula, on the one hand, the appropriate amount of SiO2 in the composition can consume the excess calcium hydroxide produced by the cement system, thereby preventing calcium hydroxide residue in the tile adhesive and causing efflorescence and whitening on the tile adhesive surface. On the other hand, the high calcium content of the combined waste residue also endows it with potential gelling activity. This is because after the combined waste residue is activated by the alkali activator sodium silicate, the Si saturation in sodium silicate is not high, and the dissolution rate is slow, remaining on the surface. Meanwhile, calcium ions and aluminum ions in the combined waste residue dissolve rapidly and react with soluble Si to form C-(A)-SH gel. Then, the C-(A)-SH gel reacts with ettringite, a hydration product of silicate cement, to form a cross-linked network structure. This cross-linked network structure has high bonding strength and can effectively reduce the internal porosity of the tile adhesive formula, thereby improving its bonding strength.
[0025] Secondly, the combined waste residue has a low fineness, and its particle size distribution can replace the interstitial water after the silicate cement reaction and refine the internal pore structure, thus acting as a micro-aggregate filler, slowing down the rate of water ingress, improving the overall strength of the cross-linked network structure, and thereby enhancing the water-resistant tensile bonding strength of the tile adhesive.
[0026] It should be noted that the combined waste residue in the formulation system only partially replaces silicate cement. If the amount of combined waste residue is too large, it can easily lead to excessively fast curing speed of the tile adhesive, low tensile bond strength during drying time, and large shrinkage, which can easily cause cracking and detachment when tiling. If the amount of combined waste residue is too small, it will not be able to fully activate the hydration degree of the cement. At the same time, under water-resistant conditions, the reaction water requirement of the entire formulation system will be low, and the porosity will be high, which will not be able to compensate for the swelling of the redispersible latex powder and the decrease in bond strength.
[0027] Furthermore, the specific surface area of the combined waste residue is 480–510 m². 2 / kg.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the specific surface area of the combined waste residue is further optimized, which enables the C-(A)-SH gel to react with the hydrated product of silicate cement, ettringite, to form a cross-linked network structure that is filled by the combined waste residue, thereby further improving the early tensile strength of the tile adhesive.
[0029] To further explain, the additives include heavy calcium carbonate, early strength agent, cellulose ether, and redispersible latex powder;
[0030] According to the mass fractions, the water-resistant tile adhesive comprises the following raw materials: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 540-700 parts quartz sand, 20-60 parts heavy calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts early strength agent, 1-5 parts cellulose ether, and 8-15 parts redispersible latex powder.
[0031] In addition, the additives in this solution include superphosphate, an accelerator, cellulose ether, and redispersible latex powder. The addition of superphosphate improves the pore structure and increases the density of the formulation system, effectively promoting cement hydration and improving the bonding strength of the tile adhesive. The addition of the accelerator promotes gel formation in the formulation system, further improving the hardening strength of the tile adhesive. Cellulose ether acts as a water-retaining and thickening agent, retaining more water in the form of a hydrogel within the system, delaying water loss from the formulation structure and surface drying and crusting, thus achieving a water-retaining effect. The redispersible latex powder, upon contact with water during the formulation process, can quickly disperse into an emulsion and form a three-dimensional network film structure within the system, thereby effectively improving the bonding strength and aging resistance of the tile adhesive.
[0032] Although redispersible latex powder is prone to swelling and softening after immersion in water, resulting in a significant decrease in strength, the addition of combined waste residue and alkali activator in the formulation system in this case can greatly reduce the adverse effects of redispersible latex powder after immersion in water, thereby effectively ensuring the water resistance of the tile adhesive.
[0033] To further clarify, the early-strength agent is calcium formate.
[0034] Calcium formate was used as an early-strength agent, HCOO - Ions can bind silicon atoms through chemical reactions and further react with OH groups. - The reaction crosslinks adjacent silicate groups, which is beneficial for promoting the formation of CSH gel.
[0035] To further clarify, the particle size of the calcium carbonate is 400 mesh.
[0036] To further explain, the quartz sand includes fine-grained quartz sand and coarse-grained quartz sand, wherein the particle size of the fine-grained quartz sand is 70-120 mesh, and the particle size of the coarse-grained quartz sand is 40-70 mesh.
[0037] To further explain, the water-resistant tile adhesive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 360-450 parts fine-grained quartz sand, 180-250 parts coarse-grained quartz sand, and 30-85 parts additives.
[0038] In the raw material system of tile adhesive, the aggregate quartz sand plays a supporting and reinforcing role. This case optimizes the gradation of the aggregate, which is more conducive to ensuring that the performance of the water-resistant tile adhesive meets production requirements.
[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments.
[0040] Example 1
[0041] According to the mass fraction, the water-resistant tile adhesive includes the following raw materials: 300 parts silicate cement, 200 parts combined waste residue, 3 parts sodium silicate, 360 parts fine-grained quartz sand with a particle size of 70-120 mesh, 180 parts coarse-grained quartz sand with a particle size of 40-70 mesh, 60 parts heavy calcium carbonate with a particle size of 400 mesh, 1 part calcium formate, 1 part cellulose ether, and 8 parts redispersible latex powder;
[0042] The raw materials for the combined waste residue include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag. By mass percentage, the combined waste residue comprises the following chemical components: SiO2 32%, Al2O3 12%, Fe2O3 1.5%, CaO 34%, MgO 8.5%, Na2O 1%, TiO2 2.0%, K2O 0.6%, MnO 0.6%, SO3 2.5%, and loss on ignition 1.0%. The particle size distribution is: 1.6μm≤D10≤2.0μm, 9μm≤D50≤12μm, 28μm≤D90≤32μm, with a specific surface area of 480m². 2 / kg.
[0043] Example 2
[0044] According to the mass fraction, the water-resistant tile adhesive includes the following raw materials: 350 parts silicate cement, 150 parts combined waste residue, 5 parts sodium silicate, 400 parts fine-grained quartz sand with a particle size of 70-120 mesh, 200 parts coarse-grained quartz sand with a particle size of 40-70 mesh, 40 parts 400-mesh heavy calcium carbonate, 3 parts calcium formate, 3 parts cellulose ether, and 11 parts redispersible latex powder;
[0045] The raw materials for the combined waste residue include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag. By mass percentage, the combined waste residue comprises the following chemical components: SiO2 36%, Al2O3 18%, Fe2O3 2.5%, CaO 30%, MgO 6%, Na2O 0.5%, TiO2 1.2%, K2O 0.2%, MnO 0.2%, SO3 1.5%, and loss on ignition 0.5%. The particle size distribution is: 1.6μm≤D10≤2.0μm, 9μm≤D50≤12μm, 28μm≤D90≤32μm, with a specific surface area of 510m². 2 / kg.
[0046] Example 3
[0047] According to the mass fraction, the water-resistant tile adhesive includes the following raw materials: 400 parts silicate cement, 100 parts combined waste residue, 8 parts sodium silicate, 450 parts fine-grained quartz sand with a particle size of 70-120 mesh, 250 parts coarse-grained quartz sand with a particle size of 40-70 mesh, 20 parts 400-mesh heavy calcium carbonate, 5 parts calcium formate, 5 parts cellulose ether, and 15 parts redispersible latex powder.
[0048] The raw materials for the combined waste residue include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag. By mass percentage, the combined waste residue comprises the following chemical components: SiO2 33%, Al2O3 14%, Fe2O3 2.0%, CaO 38%, MgO 7.0%, Na2O 0.5%, TiO2 1.4%, K2O 0.3%, MnO 0.4%, SO3 1.5%, and loss on ignition 0.5%. The particle size distribution is: 1.6μm≤D10≤2.0μm, 9μm≤D50≤12μm, 28μm≤D90≤32μm, with a specific surface area of 500m². 2 / kg.
[0049] The tensile bond strength of the water-resistant tile adhesives from Examples 1-3 was tested according to the method in JC / T 547-2017, and the results are shown in Table 1 below:
[0050] Table 1. Tensile bond strength test results of water-resistant tile adhesives in Examples 1-3.
[0051]
[0052]
[0053] As can be seen from the performance test results in Table 1, the tile adhesive obtained by the formula structure of this case has excellent bonding strength and water resistance. It can effectively solve the technical problem that the existing tile adhesives generally have poor water resistance and are prone to swelling and softening after being soaked in water, resulting in a significant decrease in strength. This leads to the failure to effectively solve the problem of hollow tiles laid in kitchens, bathrooms, balconies and other places.
[0054] It should be noted that the 7-day tensile bond strength and 14-day tensile bond strength in the test items are the tensile bond strength tests conducted according to the method of JC / T 547-2017 after 7 days and 14 days, respectively; while the original tensile bond strength refers to the tensile bond strength under the conditions required by the method of JC / T 547-2017.
[0055] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the invention without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A water-resistant tile adhesive, characterized in that, The raw materials, by weight, include: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 540-700 parts quartz sand, and 30-85 parts additives; the additives include heavy calcium carbonate, early strength agent, cellulose ether, and redispersible latex powder. The raw materials for the combined waste residue include fly ash, power plant bottom ash, and blast furnace water-quenched steel slag. By mass percentage, the combined waste residue comprises the following chemical components: SiO2 32–36%, Al2O3 12–18%, Fe2O3 1.5–2.5%, CaO 30–38%, MgO 6–8.5%, Na2O 0.5–1%, TiO2 1.2–2.0%, K2O 0.2–0.6%, MnO 0.2–0.6%, SO3 1.5–2.5%, and loss on ignition 0.5–1.0%. The particle size distribution of the combined waste residue is: 1.6μm≤D10≤2.0μm, 9μm≤D50≤12μm, 28μm≤D90≤32μm; the specific surface area of the combined waste residue is 480~510m². 2 / kg.
2. The water-resistant tile adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the mass fractions, the water-resistant tile adhesive comprises the following raw materials: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 540-700 parts quartz sand, 20-60 parts heavy calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts early strength agent, 1-5 parts cellulose ether, and 8-15 parts redispersible latex powder.
3. The water-resistant tile adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early strength agent is calcium formate.
4. The water-resistant tile adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the calcium carbonate is 400 mesh.
5. The water-resistant tile adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quartz sand includes fine-grained quartz sand and coarse-grained quartz sand, wherein the particle size of the fine-grained quartz sand is 70-120 mesh and the particle size of the coarse-grained quartz sand is 40-70 mesh.
6. The water-resistant tile adhesive according to claim 5, characterized in that, According to the mass fractions, the water-resistant tile adhesive comprises the following raw materials: 300-400 parts silicate cement, 100-200 parts combined waste residue, 3-8 parts sodium silicate, 360-450 parts fine-grained quartz sand, 180-250 parts coarse-grained quartz sand, and 30-85 parts additives.