A paddy field weeding machine and a weeding method capable of adjusting up and down and considering both row and plant

Abstract

The application discloses a paddy field weeding machine and a weeding method, which can adjust the height of the weeding machine and consider both the row and the plant. In the application, a transmission shaft of a row weeding device and a rack constitute a rotary pair, and n row weeding wheels are arranged at an axial interval and fixed on the transmission shaft; n-1 plant weeding components are arranged at an axial interval on two transmission shafts of a plant weeding device, and each plant weeding component is supported on a suspension shaft through a support; and the suspension shaft is fixed on the lower end of each lifting hanging rod in a lifting mechanism. In the application, when a weeding stick pointer I rotates after touching the stem of a rice seedling and receiving resistance, the weeding stick pointer II rotates backward, and the weeding stick pointer II and a weeding rod are collinear to weed, so that the seedling damage rate is reduced and the weeding efficiency is ensured; and the plant weeding components are adjusted up and down through the cooperation of a worm and a gear, the cooperation of a circular gear and a rack and the cooperation of a ratchet and a brake pawl in the lifting mechanism.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a paddy field weeding machine with adjustable height and capable of weeding in both row and inter-plant spaces and a weeding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Grass damage in rice production can cause a reduction of about 15%. At present, there are three ways to weed in paddy fields, i.e. manual weeding, using herbicides and using agricultural machinery. With the improvement of people's living standards and the strengthening of ecological concepts, the use of herbicides, which is harmful to the body and the environment, is gradually opposed by people, and greener rice planting methods are gradually recognized. Mechanical weeding technology and equipment in rice fields can effectively weed while improving the soil environment for rice growth, and do not cause environmental pollution by chemical herbicides. Therefore, they play an important role in weed control in organic rice production and are the direction of agricultural development. At present, mechanical weeding technology and equipment in row spaces are relatively mature, but there are few inter-plant space weeding machines, and the existing machines have the problems of high seedling damage rate, low weeding rate and inability to adjust the height of the weeding device according to the height of the seedlings and the actual situation of the paddy field. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the problems of the prior art and provides a paddy field weeding machine with adjustable height and capable of weeding in both row and inter-plant spaces and a weeding method.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The paddy field weeding machine with adjustable height and capable of weeding in both row and inter-plant spaces comprises a main gearbox, a row space weeding device, an inter-plant space weeding device, a lifting mechanism and a frame. The output shaft one of the main gearbox is fixed to one end of the chain wheel transmission shaft. The other end of the chain wheel transmission shaft is fixed to the chain wheel one and supported on the frame through the bearing one. The chain wheel one is connected to the chain wheel two fixed on the row space weeding device transmission shaft of the row space weeding device through the chain. The output shaft two of the main gearbox is provided with a hollow column with a hexagonal shape. The input shaft one of the inter-plant space weeding device gearbox of the inter-plant space weeding device extends into the hollow column and forms a moving pair with the output shaft two of the main gearbox. The row space weeding device and the inter-plant space weeding device are arranged at the lower end of the frame, and the inter-plant space weeding device is located in front of the row space weeding device.

[0006] The inter-row weeding device comprises an inter-row weeding wheel housing, a crossbar, an inter-row weeding device transmission shaft, inter-row weeding wheels and inter-row weeding knives; the crossbar is horizontally arranged and fixed to the frame through a connecting rod; n inter-row weeding wheel housings are fixed on the crossbar at an axial interval, and n is an odd number greater than or equal to 3; the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft and the frame constitute a rotating pair and are parallel to the crossbar and pass through each inter-row weeding wheel housing; n inter-row weeding wheels are fixed on the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft at an axial interval; a plurality of inter-row weeding knives are fixed on each inter-row weeding wheel at a circumferential interval.

[0007] The inter-plant weeding device comprises an inter-plant weeding device gearbox, an inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft, an inter-plant weeding component and a suspension shaft; a bevel gear one fixed at a lower end of an input shaft of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox is engaged with bevel gear two fixed at one end of two output shafts three, and the two output shafts three are coaxially arranged; an inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft is fixed at the other end of each output shaft three; n-1 inter-plant weeding components are arranged on the two inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts at an axial interval, and each inter-plant weeding component is located in front of the middle of adjacent two inter-row weeding wheel housings; 0.5(n-1) bevel gears three are fixed on each inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft; the inter-plant weeding component comprises a transmission shaft protection shell, a weeding shaft protection shell, a weeding turntable and a weeding rod; the transmission shaft protection shell and the inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft constitute a rotating pair and are fixed on the suspension shaft through a support; two weeding shaft protection shells arranged at an angle are fixed at a lower end of the transmission shaft protection shell; two weeding shafts are connected to the two weeding shaft protection shells through bearings two; the upper ends of the two weeding shafts pass through the corresponding weeding shaft protection shells and are inserted into the transmission shaft protection shell; the upper ends of the two weeding shafts are connected through a bevel gear pair one, and a bevel gear four in the bevel gear pair one is engaged with a bevel gear three on the corresponding inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft; a weeding turntable is fixed at a lower end of each weeding shaft; a plurality of weeding rods are fixed on each weeding turntable at a circumferential interval; the weeding rod comprises a weeding fixed rod and a weeding rotating rod; the weeding rotating rod and the weeding fixed rod are connected through a pin shaft, a torsion spring one is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring one are fixed to the weeding fixed rod and the weeding rotating rod, respectively; the weeding rotating rod comprises a weeding stick one and a weeding stick two which are integrally formed at an angle; in an initial state, the weeding stick one is collinear with the weeding fixed rod.

[0008] The lifting mechanism comprises a manual rotating wheel, a worm, a brake pawl, a lifting mechanism shell, a pawl fixing rod and a lifting device; the manual rotating wheel is fixed at one end of the horizontally arranged worm, and the worm and the lifting mechanism shell form a rotating pair; the pawl fixing rod is perpendicular to the middle part of the worm, the upper end is fixed to the rack, and the lower end is fixed with the horizontally arranged brake pawl; the brake pawl comprises a brake plate and a fixing frame; the two ends of the fixing frame are both hinged with the brake plate through a hinge shaft, and a torsional spring two is sleeved on the hinge shaft, and the two ends of the torsional spring two are fixed to the fixing frame and the brake plate respectively; the helical teeth at both ends of the worm are connected with the lifting device, and the two lifting devices are symmetrical about the pawl fixing rod; in the initial state, a part of the lower surface of the two brake plates is respectively attached to the upper surface of the two ends of the fixing frame, and the two brake plates are respectively embedded in the two adjacent teeth of the two lifting devices.

[0009] The lifting device comprises a worm wheel, a circular gear, a lifting hanging rod, a rack, a ratchet slide groove and a ratchet; the worm wheel and the lifting mechanism shell form a rotating pair through a rotating shaft, and is engaged with one of the helical teeth on the worm; the worm wheel is fixed with a coaxially arranged circular gear; the circular gear is engaged with the rack vertically fixed on the ratchet slide groove, and the ratchet slide groove is vertically fixed on the rack; the ratchet and the ratchet slide groove form a sliding pair, and the lower end is fixed to the suspension shaft; the upper end of the lifting hanging rod and the rotating shaft form a rotating pair, and the lower end is fixed to the suspension shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a depth limiting float is arranged in front of the inter-row weeding device at the lower end of the rack; the front end of the depth limiting float is upwardly bent, and the lower end is fixed with a plurality of protruding square bars; the depth limiting float is fixed to the rack through a connecting rod, and a calibrated height is arranged on the depth limiting float.

[0011] Preferably, the total gearbox comprises a housing, an input shaft two, an intermediate shaft one, an intermediate shaft two, an intermediate shaft three, an intermediate shaft four, an output shaft one and an output shaft two; the housing is fixed to the upper end of the rack; one end of the input shaft two extending into the housing is connected with the intermediate shaft one through a bevel gear pair two; the intermediate shaft one is connected with the intermediate shaft two through a helical gear pair one; the intermediate shaft two is connected with the output shaft one through a helical gear pair two; the output shaft one is connected with the intermediate shaft three through a helical gear pair three; the intermediate shaft three is connected with the intermediate shaft four through a bevel gear pair three; the intermediate shaft four is connected with the output shaft two through a bevel gear pair four; wherein, the input shaft two, the intermediate shaft one, the intermediate shaft two, the intermediate shaft three, the intermediate shaft four, the output shaft one and the output shaft two all form a rotating pair with the housing; the output shaft one is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the output shaft two is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0012] Preferably, the included angle between the two protection shells of the weeding shaft is 60°, the height of the suspension shaft is greater than 145mm, and the diameter of the inter-row weeding wheel is greater than 250mm.

[0013] Preferably, 3 inter-row weeding knives are fixed on each inter-row weeding wheel at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0014] Preferably, the torsion spring one is designed as follows:

[0015] Let the resistance of the weeding stick to a pair of rice seedlings after applying a horizontal force to the stem of the rice seedlings be F, and the bending resistance of the root system of the rice seedlings to the soil be f n , then F = f n , wherein the bending resistance of the rice seedlings in different rice holes is different, and the resistance F has a range of values; according to the calculation formula of the torsion of the torsion spring one: F = (Ed 4 )Ψ / (3670nDL), wherein E is the spring modulus of the torsion spring one, d is the wire diameter of the torsion spring one, n is the effective number of turns of the torsion spring one, D is the diameter of the torsion spring one, and L is the torsion arm length of the torsion spring one; if the torsion angle Ψ of the torsion spring one and the angle α between the weeding stick one and the weeding stick two are always equal when the resistance F is designed to be any value in the range of values, then any four values of E, d, n, D and L are given, the remaining one value is solved by substituting the minimum value of the resistance F into the calculation formula of the torsion, and the torsion spring one is designed.

[0016] The weeding method of the paddy field weeder with adjustable height of the upper and lower parts, which takes into account the row and inter-plant weeding, is as follows:

[0017] First, the frame is fixed with the paddy tractor, and the input shaft two of the general gearbox is fixed with the output shaft of the external power source, then the height of the inter-plant weeding device is adjusted according to the calibrated height of the depth-limiting float to adapt to different rice seedling heights; then the paddy tractor is started to drive the frame to move forward; the input shaft two of the general gearbox is driven by the external power source to drive the output shaft one of the general gearbox to rotate the chain wheel transmission shaft, and then the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft is rotated through the chain wheel one, chain and chain wheel two, and then the corresponding inter-row weeding knives are rotated through the inter-row weeding wheels, with the movement of the paddy tractor and the rotation of the inter-row weeding wheels, the inter-row weeding knives enter the soil to disturb the soil between the rice seedling rows and weed, and then the weeds are pulled out of the soil with the rotation of the corresponding inter-row weeding wheels to complete the inter-row weeding; at the same time, the output shaft two is driven by the input shaft two of the general gearbox to drive the input shaft one of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox, and then the two inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts are rotated, and then the corresponding two weeding shafts are rotated through the corresponding bevel gears three and the corresponding bevel gear pairs one, and then the corresponding weeding rotary discs and weeding rods are rotated together, with the movement of the paddy tractor, the rice seedlings in each row pass through the middle of the corresponding two weeding shafts, and the weeding rod fingers touch the stems of the rice seedlings and are resisted, the weeding rod finger one and the weeding rod finger two rotate backward around the hinge point of the weeding fixed rod by an angle α, at this time, the weeding rod finger two is collinear with the weeding fixed rod, and the weeding rod finger two which is not resisted by the rice seedlings weeds, with the movement of the paddy tractor, the weeding rod finger one is separated from the stems of the rice seedlings, the resistance disappears, and the weeding rotary rod returns to the original position under the restoring force of the torsional spring one to complete the inter-plant weeding.

[0018] Preferably, the height adjustment process of the inter-plant weeding device is as follows:

[0019] The manual rotating wheel is manually rotated in the positive direction, the worm rotates with the manual rotating wheel, and the helical teeth at both ends of the worm drive the corresponding circular gear to rotate through the corresponding worm gears, each circular gear is engaged with the corresponding rack to drive the manual rotating wheel, the worm, the lifting mechanism shell, the corresponding worm gears and the corresponding lifting hanging rods to move upward along the corresponding racks, and each lifting hanging rod drives the suspension shaft to move upward, the suspension shaft drives the inter-plant weeding device to move upward through each support, and the suspension shaft drives each ratchet strip to move upward along the corresponding ratchet strip slot, and each brake plate is flipped upward under the action of the ratchet teeth of the corresponding ratchet strip until the inter-plant weeding device is adjusted to the set height, and the manual rotating wheel is stopped, and each brake plate is rotated downward to the upper surface of the fixed frame under the action of the corresponding torsional spring two, and each brake plate is embedded in the ratchet tooth groove of the corresponding ratchet strip, and the ratchet teeth above each brake plate are supported on the corresponding brake plate; flipping the brake plates on both sides upward can adjust the inter-plant weeding device downward.

[0020] The present application has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. In this invention, the main gearbox transmits power to the inter-row weeding device, which in turn drives the weeding turntable and weeding rods to rotate via the drive shaft, bevel gear one, bevel gear pair one, and weeding shaft. As the entire device moves forward, weeding rod finger one encounters resistance at the stem of the rice seedling and rotates together with weeding rod finger two at a certain angle. Weeding rod finger two is collinear with the weeding fixing rod for weeding. As the entire device moves forward, weeding rod finger one disengages from the stem of the rice seedling, the resistance disappears, and under the restoring force of torsion spring one, weeding rod finger one and weeding rod finger two return to their original positions. The two weeding sticks reduce seedling damage while ensuring weeding efficiency, making it a flexible weeding device that protects seedlings while maintaining high efficiency. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism allows for manual adjustment of the weeding components between plants by rotating a handwheel. The combination of the worm gear and worm has a large transmission ratio and self-locking properties, saving effort and ensuring stability during adjustment. The ratchet and brake pawl further enhance reliability during lifting, resulting in a stepless speed-adjustable lifting mechanism that adapts to different paddy field environments.

[0022] 2. In this invention, through the multi-stage gear reduction set inside the main gearbox, power is transmitted from the side output shaft one and the bottom output shaft two to the row weeding device and the plant weeding device respectively, realizing multi-stage transmission and multi-level power output, and the power deceleration and direction change can be realized in the main gearbox.

[0023] 3. In this invention, the bending resistance range of rice seedlings is obtained by measurement and statistics. Then, the parameters of torsion spring one are designed by combining the calculation formula of torsion spring torque with the 90° rotation angle of weeding stick one and weeding stick two. This ensures that after weeding stick two is resisted and rotates, it can move forward close to the rice seedlings and basically will not bend the rice seedlings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main gearbox in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the main gearbox and its internal parts in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main gearbox and some of its internal parts in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inter-row weeding device in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inter-row weeding wheel in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gearbox of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application; Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 10 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application; Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 11 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application;

[0035] Figure 12 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of one of the weeding rotating discs and the weeding fixed rods and weeding rotating rods thereon of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application;

[0036] Figure 13 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another of the weeding rotating discs and the weeding fixed rods and weeding rotating rods thereon of the inter-plant weeding device in the present application;

[0037] Figure 14 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the weeding fixed rod in the present application;

[0038] Figure 15 Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the weeding rotating rod in the present application;

[0039] Figure 16 Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the weeding rotating rod in the present application;

[0040] Figure 17 Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting mechanism in the present application;

[0041] Figure 18 Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting mechanism in the present application;

[0042] Figure 19 Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake pawl in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the present application is a paddy field weeding machine with adjustable height and considering inter-row and inter-plant weeds, which comprises a general gearbox 1, an inter-row weeding device 2, an inter-plant weeding device 3, a lifting mechanism 4 and a frame. The output shaft one 12 of the general gearbox 1 is fixed with the chain wheel transmission shaft through the shaft coupling, the other end of the chain wheel transmission shaft is fixed with the chain wheel one and supported on the frame through the bearing one, the chain wheel one is connected with the chain wheel two fixed on the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft 18 of the inter-row weeding device 2 through the chain, the output shaft two 13 of the general gearbox 1 is provided with a hollow column with hexagonal shape, the input shaft one 15 of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox of the inter-plant weeding device 3 is inserted into the hollow column and forms a moving pair with the output shaft two 13 of the general gearbox 1. The inter-row weeding device 2 and the inter-plant weeding device 3 are both arranged at the lower end of the frame, and the inter-plant weeding device 3 is in front of the inter-row weeding device 2.

[0045] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the inter-row weeding device 2 comprises an inter-row weeding wheel housing 16, a horizontal strip 17, an inter-row weeding device transmission shaft 18, an inter-row weeding wheel 19 and an inter-row weeding knife 20; the horizontally arranged horizontal strip 17 is fixed with the frame through the connecting rod, and n inter-row weeding wheel housings 16 are fixed on the horizontal strip 17 at an axial distance, n≥3, and n is an odd number, and n=7 in this embodiment; the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft 18 forms a rotating pair with the frame and is parallel to the horizontal strip 17 and passes through each inter-row weeding wheel housing 16; n inter-row weeding wheels 19 are fixed on the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft 18 at an axial distance, and one inter-row weeding wheel 19 is arranged in each inter-row weeding wheel housing 16; and a plurality of inter-row weeding knives 20 are fixed on each inter-row weeding wheel 19 at a circumferential distance.

[0046] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the inter-plant weeding device 3 comprises an inter-plant weeding device gearbox 21, an inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft 22, an inter-plant weeding component 23 and a suspension shaft 25; the bevel gear one fixed at the lower end of the input shaft one 15 of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox 21 is engaged with the bevel gear two fixed at one end of the output shaft three 26 on both sides, and the output shaft three 26 on both sides is coaxially arranged; the other end of each output shaft three 26 is connected with the inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft 22 through the shaft coupling two; n-1 inter-plant weeding components 23 are arranged on the two inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts 22 at an axial distance, and each inter-plant weeding component 23 is located in front of the middle of the adjacent two inter-row weeding wheel housings 16; and 0.5(n-1) bevel gears three are fixed on each inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft 22. Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the inter-plant weeding component 23 includes a transmission shaft protection shell, weeding shaft protection shells 27, weeding turntable 28 and weeding rods 29; the transmission shaft protection shell and the inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft 22 constitute a rotary pair, and is fixed on the suspension shaft 25 through the support 24; the lower end of the transmission shaft protection shell is fixed with two weeding shaft protection shells 27 which are arranged obliquely and at an angle; the two weeding shaft protection shells 27 are respectively connected with weeding shafts through bearings two; the upper ends of the two weeding shafts pass through the corresponding weeding shaft protection shells 27 and are inserted into the transmission shaft protection shell; the upper ends of the two weeding shafts are connected through bevel gear pair one, and one bevel gear four in the bevel gear pair one is engaged with one bevel gear three on the corresponding inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft 22; the lower end of each weeding shaft is fixed with a weeding turntable 28; a plurality of weeding rods 29 are fixed on each weeding turntable 28 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the weeding rod 29 includes a weeding fixed rod 30 and a weeding rotating rod 31; the weeding rotating rod 31 and the weeding fixed rod 30 are connected through a pin shaft, and a torsional spring one 32 is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the two ends of the torsional spring one 32 are respectively fixed with the weeding fixed rod 30 and the weeding rotating rod 31; the weeding rotating rod 31 is composed of a weeding rod finger one 34 and a weeding rod finger two 35 which are integrally formed and at an angle; in the initial state, the weeding rod finger one 34 is collinear with the weeding fixed rod 30.

[0047] As shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 , the lifting mechanism 4 includes a manual rotating wheel 36, a worm 38, a brake pawl 44, a lifting mechanism shell 45, a pawl fixed rod 46 and a lifting device; the manual rotating wheel 36 is fixed at one end of the horizontally arranged worm 38, and the worm 38 and the lifting mechanism shell 45 constitute a rotary pair; the pawl fixed rod 46 is perpendicular to the middle part of the worm 38, the upper end is fixed with the rack, and the lower end is fixed with the horizontally arranged brake pawl 44; as shown in Figure 19 , the brake pawl includes a brake plate 47 and a fixed frame 48; the two ends of the fixed frame 48 are hinged with the brake plate 47 through the hinge shaft, and a torsional spring two is sleeved on the hinge shaft, and the two ends of the torsional spring two are respectively fixed with the fixed frame 48 and the brake plate 47; the helical teeth at both ends of the worm 38 are connected with the lifting device, and the two lifting devices are symmetrical about the pawl fixed rod 46; in the initial state, a part of the lower surface of the two brake plates 47 respectively abuts with the upper surface of the two ends of the fixed frame 48, and the two brake plates 47 are embedded in the ratchet teeth grooves of the two lifting devices.

[0048] As shown in Figure 18As shown in the figure, the lifting device includes worm wheel 37, circular gear 39, lifting hanging rod 40, rack 41, ratchet slide groove 42 and ratchet 43; worm wheel 37 is fixed with rotating shaft and engaged with one of the helical teeth on worm 38; rotating shaft and lifting mechanism shell 45 form a rotating pair; worm wheel 37 is fixed with coaxial circular gear 39; circular gear 39 is engaged with rack 41 vertically fixed on ratchet slide groove 42, and ratchet slide groove 42 is vertically fixed on the frame; ratchet 43 and ratchet slide groove 42 form a sliding pair, and the lower end is fixed with hanging shaft 25; the upper end of lifting hanging rod 40 and rotating shaft form a rotating pair, and the lower end is fixed with hanging shaft 25.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the lower end of the frame is provided with depth limiting float 5 in front of inter-plant weeding device 3; the front end of depth limiting float 5 is bent upward to prevent depth limiting float 5 from inserting into mud during working process; the lower end of depth limiting float 5 is fixed with multiple protruding square bars, which are used to press grass into mud and to divide water, so that depth limiting float 5 can be closely attached to mud to prevent drifting; depth limiting float 5 is fixed with the frame through connecting rod, and depth limiting float 5 is provided with calibrated height, which can reflect the adjusted height of inter-plant weeding device.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the total gearbox 1 includes shell 6, input shaft two 7, intermediate shaft one 8, intermediate shaft two 9, intermediate shaft three 10, intermediate shaft four 11, output shaft one 12 and output shaft two 13. Shell 6 is fixed on the upper end of the frame; one end of input shaft two 7 extending into shell 6 is connected with intermediate shaft one 8 through bevel gear pair two; intermediate shaft one 8 is connected with intermediate shaft two 9 through helical gear pair one; intermediate shaft two 9 is connected with output shaft one 12 through helical gear pair two; output shaft one 12 is connected with intermediate shaft three 10 through helical gear pair three; intermediate shaft three 10 is connected with intermediate shaft four 11 through bevel gear pair three; intermediate shaft four 11 is connected with output shaft two 13 through bevel gear pair four; wherein, input shaft two 7, intermediate shaft one 8, intermediate shaft two 9, intermediate shaft three 10, intermediate shaft four 11, output shaft one 12 and output shaft two 13 all form rotating pairs with shell 6; output shaft one 12 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and output shaft two 13 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the angle between the two weeding shaft protection shells 27 is 60°, and the height of hanging shaft 25 is greater than 145mm, so that rice seedlings can pass through the middle of the two weeding shaft protection shells 27 during working process; the diameter D of inter-row weeding wheel 19 is greater than 250mm, so as to prevent the whole inter-row weeding wheel 19 from being entangled with grass due to too small diameter of inter-row weeding wheel 19.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, each row weeding wheel 19 is fixed with three row weeding blades 20 at equal intervals along the circumference. This avoids problems such as missed weeding due to insufficient row weeding blades 20, or excessive weight, excessive resistance, and reduced soil penetration of the row weeding wheel 19 due to excessive row weeding blades 20.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the design of torsion spring one is as follows:

[0054] like Figure 16 As shown, let F be the resistance force experienced by the weeding stick after applying a horizontal force to the stem of the rice seedling, and let f be the bending resistance formed by the root system of the rice seedling stabilizing the soil. n Then F = f n Among them, the bending resistance f formed by the root system of rice seedlings stabilizing the soil n The resistance to bending of rice seedlings is related to the number of rice plants in the planting hole and the paddy field environment, and there are significant individual differences among rice plants. As shown in Table 1, the number of rice plants in different planting holes and the bending resistance formed by the root system of rice seedlings were measured through experiments. The results showed that the number of rice plants in each planting hole ranged from 1 to 3. When there was only 1 plant per hole, the minimum bending resistance formed by the root system was 0.15 N, and when there were 3 plants per hole, the maximum bending resistance was 0.49 N. Therefore, the bending resistance of a single rice plant in a planting hole is between 0.15 N and 0.49 N, meaning the resistance F experienced by the weeding stick (F) is also between 0.15 N and 0.49 N. According to the formula for calculating the torsion force of a torsion spring: F = (Ed... 4 Ψ / (3670nDL), where E is the spring modulus of torsion spring one (generally taken as 20000), d is the wire diameter of torsion spring one, n is the effective number of coils of torsion spring one, D is the mean diameter of torsion spring one, and L is the torsion arm length of torsion spring one. If the torsion angle Ψ of torsion spring one is to be equal to the angle α between weeding stick finger one 34 and weeding stick finger two 35 when the resistance F is between 0.15N and 0.49N, then given the values ​​of any four quantities of E, d, n, D and L, the value of the remaining quantity is solved by substituting the minimum value of resistance F into the torque calculation formula, and torsion spring one can be designed. More preferably, α is designed to be 90°. At this time, after weeding stick finger two 35 is resisted and rotates, it can move forward close to the rice seedlings and basically will not bend the rice seedlings.

[0055] Table 1. Measurement data of bending resistance of single-stalk rice stems

[0056]

[0057] The weeding method of the present invention is as follows:

[0058] First, the frame is fixed with the paddy tractor, and the input shaft two 7 of the general gearbox 1 is fixed with the output shaft of the external power source (such as a motor), then the height of the inter-plant weeding device 3 is adjusted in combination with the calibrated height on the depth-limiting float 5 to adapt to different rice seedling heights; then the paddy tractor is started to drive the frame to move forward; the external power source drives the input shaft two 7 of the general gearbox 1, so that the output shaft one 12 of the general gearbox drives the sprocket transmission shaft to rotate, and then the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft 18 is driven to rotate through the sprocket one, the chain and the sprocket two, and further the corresponding inter-row weeding knives 20 are driven to rotate together through the inter-row weeding wheels 19, with the forward movement of the paddy tractor and the rotation of the inter-row weeding wheels 19, the inter-row weeding knives 20 on the inter-row weeding wheels 19 enter the soil, disturb the soil between the rice seedling rows and weed, and then the weeds are pulled out of the soil with the rotation of the corresponding inter-row weeding wheels 19, completing the inter-row weeding. At the same time, the input shaft two 7 of the general gearbox 1 drives the output shaft two 13, and the output shaft two 13 drives the input shaft one 15 of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox 21 to rotate, and then drives the two inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts 22 to rotate, and the inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts 22 drive the corresponding two weeding shafts to rotate inward through the corresponding bevel gear three and the corresponding bevel gear pair one, and then drive the corresponding weeding turntable 28 and weeding rod 29 to rotate together, with the forward movement of the paddy tractor, each row of rice seedlings passes through the middle of the corresponding two weeding shafts, at the same time, the weeding rod finger one 34 touches the stem of the rice seedling and is resisted, the weeding rod finger one 34 and the weeding rod finger two 35 rotate backward together around the hinge point of the weeding fixed rod 30 by an angle α, at this time, the weeding rod finger two 35 is collinear with the weeding fixed rod 30, and the weeding rod finger two 35 which is not resisted by the rice seedling weeds, with the forward movement of the paddy tractor, the weeding rod finger one 34 is separated from the stem of the rice seedling, the resistance disappears, and under the action of the restoring force of the torsional spring one, the weeding rotating rod 31 returns to the original position, completing the inter-plant weeding, as shown in Figure 16

[0059] The adjustment process of the height of the inter-plant weeding device 3 is as follows:

[0060] ​When the manual rotating wheel 36 is rotated clockwise, the worm 38 rotates with the manual rotating wheel 36, and the helical teeth at both ends of the worm 38 drive the corresponding circular gear 39 to rotate through the worm wheel 36, the circular gear 39 meshes with the corresponding rack 41, and drives the manual rotating wheel 36, the worm 38, the lifting mechanism shell 45, the corresponding worm wheel 37 and the corresponding lifting hanging rod 40 to move upwards along the corresponding rack 41, each lifting hanging rod 40 drives the suspension shaft 25 to move upwards, the suspension shaft 25 drives the inter-plant weeding device 3 to move upwards through each support 24, and each ratchet 43 moves upwards along the corresponding ratchet sliding groove 42 under the drive of the suspension shaft 25, and each brake plate 47 is flipped upwards under the action of the ratchet teeth of the corresponding ratchet 43, until the inter-plant weeding device 3 is adjusted to the set height, and the rotation of the manual rotating wheel 36 is stopped, at the same time, each brake plate 47 is rotated downwards to the upper surface of the fixed frame 48 under the action of the corresponding torsional spring II, the fixed frame 48 prevents each brake plate 47 from being flipped downwards, each brake plate 47 is embedded in the ratchet tooth groove of the corresponding ratchet 43, and the ratchet teeth above each brake plate 47 are supported on the corresponding brake plate 47 to prevent the inter-plant weeding device 3 from sliding downwards. Flipping the brake plates 47 on both sides upwards makes the manual rotating wheel 36 reverse, and the inter-plant weeding device 3 can be adjusted downwards.

Claims

1. An adjustable up and down type paddy field weeding machine that takes into account both inter-row and inter-plant, comprising a total gearbox, an inter-row weeding device, and a frame, characterized in that: The plant-to-plant weeding device and the lifting mechanism are further included; one end of the chain wheel transmission shaft is fixed with the output shaft one of the general gearbox; the other end of the chain wheel transmission shaft is fixed with the chain wheel one and supported on the rack through the bearing one; the chain wheel one is connected with the chain wheel two fixed on the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft through the chain; the output shaft two of the general gearbox is provided with a hexagonal hollow column, the input shaft one of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox of the inter-plant weeding device is inserted into the hollow column, and the output shaft two of the general gearbox and the input shaft one of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox constitute a moving pair; wherein the inter-row weeding device and the inter-plant weeding device are arranged at the lower end of the rack, and the inter-plant weeding device is located in front of the inter-row weeding device; The inter-row weeding device comprises an inter-row weeding wheel shell, a cross strip, an inter-row weeding device transmission shaft, an inter-row weeding wheel and an inter-row weeding knife; the cross strip is horizontally arranged and fixed with the rack through a connecting rod; n inter-row weeding wheel shells are fixed on the cross strip at an axial interval, and n is greater than or equal to 3 and is an odd number; the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft and the rack constitute a rotating pair and are parallel to the cross strip and pass through each inter-row weeding wheel shell; n inter-row weeding wheels are fixed on the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft at an axial interval; a plurality of inter-row weeding knives are fixed on each inter-row weeding wheel at a circumferential equal interval; The inter-plant weeding device comprises an inter-plant weeding device gearbox, an inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft, an inter-plant weeding component and a suspension shaft; the bevel gear one fixed at the lower end of the input shaft of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox is engaged with the bevel gear two fixed at one end of the output shaft three on both sides, and the output shaft three on both sides is coaxially arranged; the other end of each output shaft three is fixed with the inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft; n-1 inter-plant weeding components are arranged on the two inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts at an axial interval, and each inter-plant weeding component is located in front of the middle of the adjacent two inter-row weeding wheel shells; 0.5(n-1) bevel gears three are fixed on each inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft; the inter-plant weeding component comprises a transmission shaft protection shell, a weeding shaft protection shell, a weeding rotating disc and a weeding rod; the transmission shaft protection shell and the inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft constitute a rotating pair and are fixed on the suspension shaft through a support; the lower end of the transmission shaft protection shell is fixed with the two weeding shaft protection shells arranged at an angle; the two weeding shafts are connected with the weeding shaft protection shell through the bearing two; the upper ends of the two weeding shafts pass through the corresponding weeding shaft protection shell and are inserted into the transmission shaft protection shell; the upper ends of the two weeding shafts are connected through the bevel gear four, and one bevel gear four in the bevel gear pair one is engaged with one bevel gear three on the corresponding inter-plant weeding device transmission shaft; the lower end of each weeding shaft is fixed with the weeding rotating disc; a plurality of weeding rods are fixed on each weeding rotating disc at a circumferential equal interval; the weeding rod comprises a weeding fixed rod and a weeding rotating rod; the weeding rotating rod and the weeding fixed rod are connected through a pin shaft, a torsion spring one is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring one are fixed with the weeding fixed rod and the weeding rotating rod respectively; the weeding rotating rod is composed of the weeding stick finger one and the weeding stick finger two which are integrally formed and arranged at an angle; in the initial state, the weeding stick finger one is collinear with the weeding fixed rod; The lifting mechanism comprises a manual rotating wheel, a worm, a brake pawl, a lifting mechanism shell, a pawl fixing rod and a lifting device; the manual rotating wheel is fixed at one end of the horizontally arranged worm, and the worm and the lifting mechanism shell form a rotating pair; the pawl fixing rod is perpendicular to the middle part of the worm, the upper end is fixed to the frame, and the lower end is fixed with the horizontally arranged brake pawl; the brake pawl comprises a brake plate and a fixing frame; the fixing frame is hinged at both ends with the brake plate through a hinge shaft, and a torsion spring II is sleeved on the hinge shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring II are fixed to the fixing frame and the brake plate respectively; the helical teeth at both ends of the worm are connected with the lifting device, and the two lifting devices are symmetrical about the pawl fixing rod; in the initial state, a part of the lower surface of the two brake plates is respectively attached to the upper surface of both ends of the fixing frame, and the two brake plates are respectively embedded in the two adjacent teeth of the two lifting devices. The lifting device comprises a worm wheel, a circular gear, a lifting hanging rod, a rack, a ratchet slide groove and a ratchet; the worm wheel forms a rotating pair with the lifting mechanism shell through a rotating shaft, and is engaged with one of the helical teeth on the worm; the worm wheel is fixed with a coaxially arranged circular gear; the circular gear is engaged with the rack vertically fixed on the ratchet slide groove, and the ratchet slide groove is vertically fixed on the frame; the ratchet and the ratchet slide groove form a sliding pair, and the lower end is fixed to the suspension shaft; the upper end of the lifting hanging rod forms a rotating pair with the rotating shaft, and the lower end is fixed to the suspension shaft.

2. The paddy field weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the frame is provided with a depth limiting float plate in front of the inter-row weeding device; the front end of the depth limiting float plate is bent upward, and the lower end is fixed with a plurality of protruding square bars; the depth limiting float plate is fixed to the frame through a connecting rod, and the depth limiting float plate is provided with a calibrated height.

3. The paddy field weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: The total gearbox comprises a shell, an input shaft II, an intermediate shaft I, an intermediate shaft II, an intermediate shaft III, an intermediate shaft IV, an output shaft I and an output shaft II; the shell is fixed to the upper end of the frame; one end of the input shaft II extending into the shell is connected with the intermediate shaft I through a bevel gear pair II; the intermediate shaft I is connected with the intermediate shaft II through a helical gear pair I; the intermediate shaft II is connected with the output shaft I through a helical gear pair II; the output shaft I is connected with the intermediate shaft III through a helical gear pair III; the intermediate shaft III is connected with the intermediate shaft IV through a bevel gear pair III; the intermediate shaft IV is connected with the output shaft II through a bevel gear pair IV; wherein, the input shaft II, the intermediate shaft I, the intermediate shaft II, the intermediate shaft III, the intermediate shaft IV, the output shaft I and the output shaft II all form rotating pairs with the shell; the output shaft I is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the output shaft II is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

4. The paddy field weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: The included angle between the two herbicide shaft protection shells is 60°, the height of the suspension shaft is greater than 145 mm, and the diameter of the inter-row weeding wheel is greater than 250 mm.

5. The paddy field weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: Each inter-row weeding wheel is fixed with three inter-row weeding knives at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

6. The paddy field weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: The torsion spring I is designed as follows: Resistance F received by a pair of rice seedling stems after a horizontal force is applied to the pair of rice seedling stems, and a bending resistance f formed by soil fixed by a root system of the pair of rice seedling n F=f n wherein the bending resistance f of the pair of rice seedling is different, and the resistance F has a range of values; according to a formula for calculating a torsion force of a torsion spring: F=(Ed 4 )Ψ(3670nDL), wherein E is a spring modulus of the torsion spring, d is a wire diameter of the torsion spring, n is an effective number of turns of the torsion spring, D is a diameter of the torsion spring, and L is a torsion arm length of the torsion spring, if a torsion angle Ψ of the torsion spring and an angle α between a weeding stick pointer one and a weeding stick pointer two are always equal when the resistance F is designed to be any value in the range of values, then any four values of E, d, n, D, and L are given, a value of a remaining one of the values is solved by substituting a minimum value of the resistance F into the formula for calculating the torsion force, and the torsion spring is designed.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method is a method for controlling weeds in a paddy field by using the paddy field weeding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Specifically as follows: First, the frame is fixed with the paddy tractor, and the input shaft two of the total gearbox is fixed with the output shaft of the external power source, then the height of the inter-plant weeding device is adjusted combined with the calibrated height of the depth limiting float to adapt to different rice seedling height; then the paddy tractor is started to drive the frame to move forward; the input shaft two of the total gearbox is driven by the external power source to make the output shaft one of the total gearbox drive the chain wheel transmission shaft to rotate, and then the inter-row weeding device transmission shaft is driven to rotate through the chain wheel one, chain and chain wheel two, and further the corresponding inter-row weeding knives are driven to rotate through the inter-row weeding wheels, with the movement of the paddy tractor and the rotation of the inter-row weeding wheels, the inter-row weeding knives enter the soil to disturb the soil between the rice seedling rows and weed, and then the weeds are pulled out of the soil with the rotation of the corresponding inter-row weeding wheels to complete the inter-row weeding; at the same time, the output shaft two is driven by the input shaft two of the total gearbox to drive the input shaft one of the inter-plant weeding device gearbox to rotate, and then the two inter-plant weeding device transmission shafts are driven to rotate, and then the corresponding two weeding shafts are driven to rotate through the corresponding bevel gears three and the corresponding bevel gear pairs one, and then the corresponding weeding rotary disc and weeding rod are driven to rotate together, with the movement of the paddy tractor, the rice seedlings in each row pass through the middle of the corresponding two weeding shafts, and at the same time, the weeding rod finger one touches the stem of the rice seedling and is resisted, the weeding rod finger one and the weeding rod finger two rotate backward around the hinge point of the weeding fixed rod by an angle α, at this time, the weeding rod finger two is collinear with the weeding fixed rod, and the weeding rod finger two which is not resisted by the rice seedling weeds, and with the movement of the paddy tractor, the weeding rod finger one is separated from the stem of the rice seedling, the resistance disappears, and under the restoring force of the torsion spring one, the weeding rotary rod returns to the original position to complete the inter-plant weeding.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method is characterized by: The adjustment process of the height of the inter-plant weeding device is as follows: The manual rotation wheel is manually rotated in the positive direction, the worm is rotated together with the manual rotation wheel, the helical teeth at both ends of the worm drive the corresponding circular gear to rotate through the corresponding worm gears, the circular gears are engaged with the corresponding racks to drive the manual rotation wheel, the worm, the lifting mechanism housing, the corresponding worm gears and the corresponding lifting hanging rods to move upward along the corresponding racks, the hanging shafts drive the inter-plant weeding devices to move upward through the support pieces, the hanging shafts drive the ratchet bars to move upward along the corresponding ratchet bar grooves, the brake plates are turned upward under the action of the ratchet teeth of the corresponding ratchet bars, and the inter-plant weeding device is adjusted to the set height, the rotation of the manual rotation wheel is stopped, the brake plates are turned downward to the upper surface of the fixed frame under the action of the corresponding torsion springs two, the brake plates are embedded in the ratchet tooth grooves of the corresponding ratchet bars, and the ratchet teeth above the brake plates are supported on the corresponding brake plates; the brake plates on both sides are turned upward, and the inter-plant weeding device is adjusted downward.

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