A method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion, including selecting a microcontroller and an operating system, creating a communication module, designing multiple interfaces and a switching and debugging module; installing a serial port or wireless debugging tool on a computer for preliminary debugging. For the first communication with an external device, configuration information needs to be configured and configured through the debugging tool; building a test environment, installing simulation software for simulation testing, regularly performing communication tests by simulating actual application scenarios to verify the normal operation of the communication loop; at the same time, performing a write instruction operation test to verify whether the switching module works properly. The present invention realizes the intelligent switching between the inverter - acquisition rod and the inverter - fusion terminal, enables the same communication port to be expanded into two paths, and simultaneously meets the connection requirements of two master stations; by preferentially responding to the instructions of the fusion terminal and then responding to the collected instructions, it can meet the timely control requirements of the power grid for distributed photovoltaics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy group control and group regulation, and particularly relates to a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy and smart grid technologies, inverters play an important role in fields such as power systems, distributed generation, and home energy management. An inverter can convert direct current into alternating current to provide necessary electrical energy for the power grid and equipment. However, with the diversification of systems and equipment, communication between inverters and external devices has become an increasingly prominent problem.

[0003] Since different devices and systems may adopt different communication interfaces and protocols, this brings great challenges to the communication of inverters. Traditional communication solutions often cannot meet the requirements of efficient and stable communication between different devices, restricting the application of inverters in a wider range of scenarios.

[0004] Traditional communication solutions often require on-site technicians to perform complex debugging and configuration. Not only is the debugging time long, but once the device or system software is updated, reconfiguration and debugging may be required, greatly increasing the difficulty and cost of system maintenance. Moreover, traditional solutions usually cannot achieve efficient communication between inverters and multiple external devices. At the same time, due to the lack of effective communication management and control mechanisms, problems such as communication conflicts or data loss may occur, affecting the stability and reliability of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion. By physically moving the acquisition rod device outward, a plug-and-play connection between the inverter and the acquisition rod is achieved, avoiding the need for on-site communication debugging, and effectively preventing program or configuration changes to the expansion device caused by software upgrades of the inverter and the acquisition rod, thus facilitating subsequent maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for realizing an inverter communication expansion device, including:

[0007] Step S1: Select a suitable microcontroller and operating system to implement task management, communication interface data processing, and IO control. Create a communication module, design multiple interfaces to meet different communication requirements, and design a switching and debugging module to achieve switching of information channels and debugging and upgrading of the system;

[0008] Step S2: Install an appropriate serial port or wireless debugging tool on the computer for preliminary debugging. If a program update is required, download the latest program from the specified resource and download it to the device via the serial port or wireless technology, ensuring that the device can automatically refresh the firmware. For the first communication with a specific external device, necessary information needs to be configured and configured through the debugging tool;

[0009] Step S3: Build a test environment that simulates the actual application scenario, install simulation software for simulation testing to verify the performance and functions of the product. Regularly conduct communication tests by simulating the actual application scenario to verify the normal operation of the communication loop. At the same time, conduct a write instruction operation test to verify whether the switching module is working properly and ensure the normal operation of the communication loop.

[0010] Furthermore, Step S1 includes:

[0011] Step S11: Select a suitable microcontroller and operating system, design the architecture for task management, communication interface data processing, and IO control, and integrate the communication protocol with external devices;

[0012] Step S12: Select or design a module that supports multiple communication methods according to requirements, and design the hardware interface to support different communication technologies.

[0013] Step S13: Design multiple interface methods to meet the requirements of different external device communication interfaces;

[0014] Step S15: Design a switching module for information channel switching, and switch different communication loops according to the control signal.

[0015] Step S16: Design a module for system debugging and upgrading.

[0016] Furthermore, Step S2 includes:

[0017] Step S21: Install an appropriate debugging tool on the computer;

[0018] Step S22: If a program update is required, download the latest program from the specified resource, download it to the device via the serial port, and the device automatically refreshes the firmware;

[0019] Step S23: When communicating with a specific external device for the first time, configure the necessary information, configure it through the debugging tool, download it to the device, and upload the configuration file to the specified resource;

[0020] Step S24: Use the specified application program to communicate with the device via wireless technology;

[0021] Step S25: If a program update is required, download the latest program from the specified resource, download it to the device via wireless technology, and the device automatically refreshes the firmware.

[0022] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0023] Step S31: Set up a test environment to simulate the communication scenario in actual applications;

[0024] Step S32: Install simulation software for simulation testing to verify the product performance;

[0025] Step S33: Simulate the actual application scenario, conduct communication tests regularly, and verify whether the communication loop is normal;

[0026] Step S34: Conduct write instruction operation tests to verify whether the switching module works properly and whether the communication loop is normal.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent optimization phase, specifically as follows:

[0028] Step a: Collect and analyze on-site communication quality and efficiency data;

[0029] Step b: Design an adaptive algorithm to dynamically select the optimal communication protocol (e.g., RS485, RoLa, HPLC) based on on-site communication conditions;

[0030] Step c: Implement the algorithm and integrate this function into the device.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes real-time performance monitoring and optimization, specifically as follows:

[0032] Design and implement a real-time monitoring system to monitor the communication performance and efficiency of the device;

[0033] Based on the real-time monitoring data, design a real-time optimization algorithm to optimize communication efficiency and reduce latency;

[0034] Implement the algorithm and integrate this function into the device.

[0035] Furthermore, the debugging method in step S2 is as follows:

[0036] Install appropriate debugging tools and applications on a PC or mobile device, such as a serial port debugging tool or a WeChat mini-program, to ensure there is a channel to download programs and configuration files from the cloud master station;

[0037] If a program update is required, download the latest program from the cloud master station, and download it to the device through the corresponding communication interface (such as a serial port or Bluetooth) to let the device automatically refresh the firmware;

[0038] When communicating with a specific device for the first time, configure the necessary information (such as the Modbus information point table) according to the communication protocol of the device, configure it through the debugging tool, and download it to the device;

[0039] After completing the initial configuration, test the communication through the debugging tool and ensure the configuration is correct. After successful debugging, upload the configuration file to the cloud master station for future use;

[0040] When communicating with the same device again, directly download the corresponding communication configuration file from the cloud to the device. After ensuring the successful update of the downloaded configuration file, conduct a communication test to verify the accuracy of the configuration.

[0041] An inverter communication extension device, applicable to the implementation method of an inverter communication extension device described above, includes 5 modules: an MCU module, a fusion terminal communication module, an inverter interface and communication module, a switching module, and a debugging module;

[0042] The MCU module uses GD32 series chips and is equipped with the FreeRTOS operating system, which is used to complete device task management, data processing of various communication interfaces, IO control, etc., and needs to integrate the communication protocols of various inverters and fusion terminals;

[0043] The fusion terminal communication module, the fusion terminal supports RS485, RoLa, and HPLC communication methods, where HPLC is the standard configuration, and RS485 and RoLa methods are optional;

[0044] The inverter interface and communication module, the inverter communication is in the 485 mode, and the interfaces are different. The extension device designs various interface methods, including aviation plugs, DB9, and RJ45 methods;

[0045] The switching module is used to complete the information channel switching between the 4G acquisition stick and the fusion terminal. By default, the 485 loop of the acquisition stick is conducting. When the fusion terminal sends an inquiry command, the 485 of the MCU is connected to the inverter loop;

[0046] The debugging module is used for debugging and upgrading through Bluetooth and RS485.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. The present invention provides an implementation method and device for inverter communication extension. By physically moving the acquisition stick device outward, the plug-and-play connection between the inverter and the acquisition stick is realized, avoiding the need for on-site communication debugging, and effectively preventing program or configuration changes to the extension device caused by software upgrades of the inverter and the acquisition stick, thus facilitating subsequent maintenance.

[0049] 2. The present invention provides a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion, which realizes the intelligent switching between the inverter and the acquisition rod and between the inverter and the fusion terminal, enables the same communication port to be expanded into two paths, and simultaneously meets the connection requirements of two master stations; by preferentially responding to the instructions of the fusion terminal and then responding to the instructions of the acquisition, it can meet the timely control requirements of the power grid for distributed photovoltaics.

[0050] 3. The present invention provides a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion. Serial port debugging is mainly used for the access debugging of the inverter for the first time, while Bluetooth debugging is applicable to the inverter devices that have been initially debugged. The combination of the two can greatly save the debugging time on the engineering site and improve the usability and popularization of the product.

[0051] 4. The present invention provides a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion. The inverter expansion device adopts a low-cost MCU and is equipped with an HPLC module, a serial port module, and a Bluetooth module. The overall hardware cost is relatively low, effectively reducing the transformation cost of the inventory inverter group control and group adjustment, adapting to the popularization and application of a large number of distributed photovoltaics, and helping to promote the wide application and development of distributed photovoltaic technology.

[0052] 5. The present invention provides a method and device for realizing inverter communication expansion, which comprehensively considers usability, intelligent switching, debugging convenience, and cost-effectiveness, provides a practical and efficient solution for inverter communication and control, and also helps to promote the popularization and application of distributed photovoltaic systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0054] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the equipment in the distribution transformer area and the inverter expansion device of the present invention

[0056] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the communication connection relationship of the fusion terminal of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the switching module;

[0058] Figure 5 is the working flow chart of the inverter expansion device;

[0059] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the serial port debugging method;

[0060] Figure 7 It is the Bluetooth debugging method;

[0061] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the test environment of the inverter communication expansion device. Specific implementation manners

[0062] Next, the technical solution of the present invention will be more clearly and completely elaborated by combining with the accompanying drawings and through the description of the preferred implementation manners of the present invention.

[0063] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention is as follows:

[0064] Step S1: Select a suitable microcontroller and operating system to implement task management, communication interface data processing, and IO control. Create a communication module, design multiple interfaces to meet different communication requirements, and design a switching and debugging module to achieve the switching of information channels and the debugging and upgrading of the system;

[0065] Step S2: Install an appropriate serial port or wireless debugging tool on the computer for preliminary debugging. If the program needs to be updated, download the latest program from the specified resource and download it to the device through the serial port or wireless technology to ensure that the device can automatically refresh the firmware. For the first communication with a specific external device, necessary information needs to be configured and configured through the debugging tool;

[0066] Step S3: Build a test environment that simulates the actual application scenario, install simulation software for simulation testing to verify the performance and functions of the product. Regularly conduct communication tests by simulating the actual application scenario to verify the normal operation of the communication loop. At the same time, conduct a write instruction operation test to verify whether the switching module works properly and ensure the normal operation of the communication loop.

[0067] Specifically as follows:

[0068] 1.1 MCU module design:

[0069] Select GD32 series chips.

[0070] Carry the FreeRTOS operating system.

[0071] Complete the device task management, including various communication interface data processing and IO control.

[0072] Integrate the communication protocols of various inverters and fusion terminals.

[0073] 1.2 Fusion terminal communication module design:

[0074] Select the module that supports RS485, RoLa, and HPLC communication methods according to requirements.

[0075] Design the corresponding hardware interfaces, including flexibly matching HPLC modules, LoRa modules, and RS485 conversion chips, to achieve different communication methods with the fusion terminal.

[0076] 1.3 Inverter Interface and Communication Module Design:

[0077] Design multiple interface methods, including aviation plugs, DB9, RJ45, etc., to meet the requirements of different inverter communication interfaces.

[0078] 1.4 Switching Module Design:

[0079] Design a switching module that can complete the switching of the information channels between the 4G acquisition stick and the fusion terminal.

[0080] Switch the communication loop between the 485 of the MCU and the inverter according to the control signal.

[0081] 1.5 Debugging Module Design:

[0082] Design a module that can be debugged and upgraded via Bluetooth and RS485.

[0083] 1.6 Serial Port Debugging:

[0084] Install the serial port debugging tool for the inverter communication extension device on the PC.

[0085] If you need to update the program, download the latest program from the cloud master station, download it to the device via the serial port, and the device will automatically refresh the firmware.

[0086] When communicating with a specific inverter for the first time, configure the modbus information point table, configure the point table via the serial port debugging tool and the inverter communication protocol, download it to the device, and upload the configuration file to the cloud master station.

[0087] 1.7 Bluetooth Debugging:

[0088] Open the WeChat mini-program and communicate with the inverter communication extension device via Bluetooth.

[0089] If you need to update the program, download the latest program from the cloud master station via the mini-program, download it to the device via Bluetooth, and the device will automatically refresh the firmware.

[0090] 1.8 Build a Test Environment:

[0091] Build a test environment for the inverter communication extension device through the PC to simulate the communication between the fusion terminal, the inverter, and the acquisition stick.

[0092] Install ModbusPoll or Modbus Slave software to simulate the external environment and test the product performance.

[0093] 1.9 Conduct communication tests:

[0094] The Modbus master 2 simulates the acquisition rod and periodically queries the inverter information to verify whether the communication between the default acquisition rod and the inverter 485 circuit is normal.

[0095] The Modbus master 1 simulates the fusion terminal, passes through the HPLC / 485 transparent transmission module to the device, and periodically queries the inverter information to verify whether the switching module works properly.

[0096] Manually operate the Modbus master 1 to perform write instruction operations to verify whether the switching module works properly and whether the fusion terminal - inverter 485 communication circuit is normal.

[0097] As a specific implementation, the equipment composition of the distribution transformer area is as Figure 2 shown

[0098] Description of the equipment composition of the distribution transformer area:

[0099] A typical 400V transformer area that can be group - controlled and group - adjusted includes two parts, the master station part and the sub - station part;

[0100] The master station part includes two parts, the Internet of Things platform and the dispatching master station platform.

[0101] (1) The Internet of Things platform mainly collects the information of all fusion terminals. The fusion terminal and the Internet of Things platform use the MQTT protocol and mainly communicate through the wireless 4G public network or private network.

[0102] (2) The dispatching master station platform can include a group - control and group - adjustment master station, which mainly completes the control function of the inverter. However, it needs to be controlled through the Internet of Things platform and communicates with the Internet of Things platform in an intranet manner. The communication protocol can adopt the IEC104 method.

[0103] The sub - station part includes six parts: transformer, inverter, 400V busbar, fusion terminal, 4G acquisition rod, and inverter communication extension device.

[0104] (1) The transformer mainly completes the step - down transformation of voltage from 10kV to 400V. The high - voltage side of the transformer is connected to the 10kV line, and the low - voltage side is connected to the 400V busbar.

[0105] (2) The inverter mainly completes the photovoltaic - to - 400V voltage inversion process, converting direct current into alternating current. The DC side of the inverter is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the AC side is connected to the 400V busbar.

[0106] (3) The 400V busbar mainly completes the collection and distribution of 400V equipment.

[0107] (4) The fusion terminal is an edge device in the "cloud, pipe, edge, end" architecture of the intelligent Internet of Things system. It is mainly used to monitor the operating conditions of distribution transformers, including operating parameters such as voltage, current, power, frequency, electricity quantity, harmonics, and power outage events. It is a fusion terminal device that integrates functions such as power supply and consumption information collection in the distribution substation area, data collection of each collection terminal or electric energy meter, equipment status monitoring and communication networking, on-site data storage and decision-making analysis, and collaborative computing. The fusion terminal uploads data to the Internet of Things platform.

[0108] (5) The 4G acquisition stick mainly uploads the inverter information to the cloud platform through 4G acquisition, and users can view it through the mobile phone APP.

[0109] (6) The inverter communication extension device (hereinafter referred to as the extension device) is mainly installed beside the inverter and has an IP65 protection level. The device is between the inverter and the 4G acquisition stick, which is equivalent to completing the extension of the 4G acquisition stick through the extension device. At the same time, the device has the communication function with the distribution substation area fusion terminal.

[0110] 3.2 Composition of the Inverter Communication Extension Device

[0111] The extension device is the core product of the present invention and specifically includes 5 modules: MCU module, fusion terminal communication module, inverter interface and communication module, switching module, and debugging module. Specifically:

[0112] (1) The MCU module uses GD32 series chips and is equipped with the FreeRTOS operating system. It mainly completes device task management, data processing of various communication interfaces, IO control, etc., and needs to integrate communication protocols of various inverters and fusion terminals.

[0113] (2) The fusion terminal communication module. The fusion terminal supports RS485, RoLa, and HPLC communication methods, where HPLC is the standard configuration, and RS485 and RoLa methods are optional. The extension device also designs corresponding communication methods, which can be selected according to the specific situation on site. The specific implementation scheme is described as follows.

[0114] (3) The inverter interface and communication module. Inverter communication is mainly in the 485 mode, but the interfaces are different. The extension device designs multiple interface methods, including aviation plugs, DB9, and RJ45 methods. Among them, the standard configuration is the aviation plug method, and DB9 and RJ45 are optional methods.

[0115] (4) Switching module, which completes the information channel switching between the 4G acquisition stick and the fusion terminal. By default, the 485 loop of the acquisition stick is conducting. When the fusion terminal sends an inquiry command, the 485 of the MCU is connected to the inverter loop. The specific implementation scheme is as follows.

[0116] (5) Debugging module, which mainly conducts debugging and upgrading through Bluetooth and RS485.

[0117] The schematic diagram of the communication connection relationship of the fusion terminal is as Figure 3 shown. The communication module of the fusion terminal supports RS485, RoLa, and HPLC communication methods. The expansion device supports the three methods of the fusion terminal by matching different modules or chips. Specifically:

[0118] (1) Through the optional interface, on the hardware, flexible matching of the HPLC module can achieve power line carrier communication with the fusion terminal, matching the LoRa module can achieve RoLa wireless communication with the fusion terminal, and matching the RS485 conversion chip can achieve 485 wired communication with the fusion terminal.

[0119] (2) All optional interface modules communicate with the serial port of the MCU through TTL;

[0120] (3) The switching module is connected to 3 serial ports, and is connected to another serial port of the MCU through the 485 chip through TTL, connected to the inverter through 485, and connected to the acquisition stick through 485.

[0121] The detailed relationship between the switching module and the peripheral devices is as Figure 4 shown.

[0122] The switching module in the inverter communication expansion device is the core of this product. The switching module uses a single-pole double-throw analog switch chip, and the chip model is SGM3005. Its related loop mainly consists of 4 devices: the acquisition stick, the MCU, the single-pole double-throw analog switch (hereinafter referred to as the switching module), and the inverter. The connection relationship between each device is as follows:

[0123] (1) The relationship between the MCU and the switching module: The output of the DO pin controlled by the MCU is connected to the CTRL pin of the switching module. The 485A and 485B pins of the MCU are connected to the NO1 and NO2 pins of the switching module. Both belong to the inverter communication expansion device;

[0124] (2) The relationship between the acquisition stick and the switching module: The 485 communication port of the acquisition stick, the 485A_IN and 485B_IN terminals are connected to the NC1 and NC2 pins of the switching module;

[0125] (3) Relationship between the inverter and the switching module. The 485 communication port of the inverter, the 485A_OUT and 485B_OUT terminals are connected to the COM1 and COM2 pins of the switching module;

[0126] (4) The logic function of the switching module SGM3005 is as follows: when the CTRL pin is at high level, the normally open NO circuit is turned on, that is, NO1 is connected to COM1, and NO2 is connected to COM2; when the CTRL pin is at low level, the normally open NC circuit is turned on, that is, NC1 is connected to COM1, and NC2 is connected to COM2.

[0127] The normal working process of the inverter communication extension device is as Figure 5 shown:

[0128] (1) After the extension device is powered on, the DO output is initialized to low level. After the CTRL pin of the analog switch receives low level, the NC and COM circuits are turned on, realizing the connection between the acquisition rod and the inverter 485 communication circuit;

[0129] (2) When the MCU caches the message received from the fusion terminal through HPLC, and at the same time sets the DO output to high level. After the CTRL pin of the analog switch receives high level, the NO and COM circuits are turned on, realizing the connection between the 485 serial port of the MCU and the inverter 485 communication circuit;

[0130] (3) The MCU sends the cached information to the inverter, and the inverter replies. When the cached information is sent and the reply is received, and at the same time no new message from the fusion terminal is received, then the DO output is set to low level again to continue to ensure the connection between the acquisition rod and the inverter 485 communication circuit;

[0131] In the above process, the communication between the acquisition rod and the inverter is low-priority communication, which is a hard-wired communication without cache design. Short-term loss of information does not affect the user experience;

[0132] Secondly, the communication between the fusion terminal and the inverter through the MCU is high-priority communication. When the fusion terminal has a communication requirement, the loop between the inverter and the fusion terminal should be given priority.

[0133] Then, the communication loop between the fusion terminal and the inverter through the MCU needs to have a cache design to ensure that the instruction can be forwarded to the inverter only after its 485 loop is switched, and cannot be directly forwarded to the inverter to prevent information loss.

[0134] Finally, the communication method between the fusion terminal and the expansion device can adopt Modbus. The information points received by the fusion terminal should at least include the real-time active power of the inverter, the real-time reactive power of the inverter, the rated power of the inverter, the maximum active power of the inverter, the minimum active power of the inverter, the return value of the active power control instruction, the return value of the reactive power control instruction, and the return value of the power factor control instruction. The information points sent by the fusion terminal should at least include the active power control instruction, the reactive power control instruction, and the power factor control instruction.

[0135] There are two supported device debugging methods, including serial port debugging and Bluetooth debugging. The serial port debugging tool is applicable for initial debugging, and Bluetooth debugging is applicable for re-debugging of the same type of inverter.

[0136] The process of the serial port debugging method is as Figure 6 shown:

[0137] Install the serial port debugging tool of the inverter communication expansion device using a PC;

[0138] If you need to update the program, you can download the latest program from the cloud master station through the PC and then download it to the device through the serial port. The device automatically refreshes the firmware;

[0139] When communicating with a certain version of a certain inverter brand for the first time, it is necessary to configure the modbus information point table. After configuring the point table through the serial port debugging tool and the inverter communication protocol, download it to the device through the serial port. At the same time, after successful debugging, the configuration file can be uploaded to the cloud master station;

[0140] When communicating with a certain version of a certain inverter brand again, directly download the corresponding communication configuration file to the device from the cloud, and the communication with the inverter can be achieved after successful update.

[0141] The process of the Bluetooth debugging method is as Figure 7 shown:

[0142] Open the WeChat mini-program to communicate with the inverter communication expansion device via Bluetooth;

[0143] If you need to update the program, you can download the latest program from the cloud master station through the mini-program and then download it to the device through Bluetooth. The device automatically refreshes the firmware;

[0144] When communicating with a certain version of a certain inverter brand again, you can download the corresponding communication configuration file to the device from the cloud via the mini-program, and the communication with the inverter can be achieved after successful update.

[0145] The test of the inverter communication expansion device is as Figure 8 shown,

[0146] The test environment for building an inverter communication extension device through a PC is shown in the figure. Among them, the Modbus master 1 simulates the fusion terminal and communicates with the device through the HPLC / 485 transparent transmission module. The Modbus slave simulates the inverter, and the Mobuds master 2 simulates the acquisition stick. The software of all PCs communicates with the device using 485.

[0147] Simulate the external environment through the PC by installing ModbusPoll or Modbus Slave software to test the product performance. The following modes can all work properly:

[0148] (1) The Modbus master 2 simulates the acquisition stick and can regularly inquire about the inverter information. The timing period is set to 1 minute. By default, the 485 loop between the acquisition stick and the inverter is conducting, and the Modbus slave can automatically reply.

[0149] (2) The Modbus master 1 simulates the fusion terminal and transmits through the HPLC / 485 transparent transmission module to the device. It can regularly inquire about the inverter information. The timing period is set to 1 minute. When inquiring, the switching module can work properly, the 485 communication loop between the fusion terminal and the inverter is conducting, and the Modbus slave can automatically reply.

[0150] (3) Manually operate the Modbus master 1 to perform a write instruction operation. The switching module can work properly, the 485 communication loop between the fusion terminal and the inverter is conducting, and the Modbus slave can automatically reply.

[0151] As a specific implementation method, it also includes an intelligent optimization stage, specifically as follows:

[0152] 1. Data collection:

[0153] Collect and monitor on-site communication quality and efficiency data, including but not limited to signal strength, communication delay, communication error rate, congestion situation of the communication channel, etc.

[0154] 2. Evaluate the performance of the communication protocol:

[0155] Evaluate the performance of each communication protocol (for example, RS485, RoLa, HPLC) in the current communication environment. This may include calculating the average communication delay, error rate, and communication efficiency of each communication protocol, etc.

[0156] 3. Define evaluation indicators:

[0157] Define an evaluation indicator to evaluate the performance of each communication protocol. For example, define an optimization function:

[0158] [F(p) = alpha * text{Latency}(p) + beta * text{Error Rate}(p) + gamma * text{Communication Efficiency}(p)]

[0159] Wherein,

[0160] (p): Communication protocol. This is the variable of the function, representing the communication protocol being evaluated, such as RS485, RoLa, HPLC, etc.

[0161] (alpha, beta, gamma): Weight coefficients. These coefficients determine the relative importance of different metrics in the overall evaluation. They can be adjusted according to the actual application requirements. For example, if communication latency is the most critical metric, then the value of (alpha) can be set relatively high.

[0162] (text{Latency}(p)): Communication latency. This is the average communication latency of the communication protocol (p) in the current communication environment. Communication latency refers to the transmission time of information from the sender to the receiver.

[0163] (text{Error Rate}(p)): Error rate. This is the communication error rate of the communication protocol (p) in the current communication environment. Communication error rate refers to the frequency of errors occurring during communication, such as packet loss rate, wrong packet rate, etc.

[0164] (text{Communication Efficiency}(p)): Communication efficiency. This is the communication efficiency of the communication protocol (p) in the current communication environment. Communication efficiency may include metrics such as transmission rate, communication success rate, etc.

[0165] 4. Select the optimal communication protocol:

[0166] Select the communication protocol with the lowest (F(p)) value as the current optimal communication protocol according to the evaluation metric (F(p)).

[0167] 5. Implementation and integration:

[0168] Implement the adaptive algorithm in the device and dynamically select and switch to the optimal communication protocol according to the results of the algorithm.

[0169] 6. Real-time monitoring and adjustment:

[0170] Continuously monitor the on-site communication quality and efficiency data, re-evaluate the performance of the communication protocol based on the new data, and re-select the optimal communication protocol if necessary.

[0171] The above specific embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept and spirit of the present invention, various deformations, substitutions and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention according to the written description and drawings provided by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for implementing an inverter communication expansion device, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Select microcontroller and operating system, create communication module, design various interfaces and switching and debugging modules; Step S1 includes: Step S11: Select a microcontroller and operating system, design the architecture of task management, communication interface data processing and IO control, and integrate the communication protocol with external devices; Step S12: Select or design a module that supports multiple communication modes according to requirements, and design a hardware interface to support different communication technologies; Step S13: designing multiple interface modes to meet the needs of different external device communication interfaces; Step S15: Design a switching module for information channel switching to switch different communication loops according to the control signal; Step S16: Designing a module for system debugging and upgrading; Step S2: Install a serial port or wireless debugging tool to perform preliminary debugging on the computer. For the first communication with a specific external device, configuration information is required and configured through the debugging tool; Step S2 includes: Step S21: Install the debugging tool on the computer; Step S22: If a program update is required, the latest program is downloaded from a designated resource and downloaded to the device via the serial port, and the device automatically updates the firmware; Step S23: When communicating with a specific external device for the first time, configure necessary information, configure through a debugging tool, download to the device, and upload the configuration file to a designated resource; Step S24: using the application to communicate with the device via wireless technology; Step S25: If a program update is required, the latest program is downloaded from a designated resource and downloaded to the device via wireless technology, and the device automatically updates the firmware; Step S3: Building a test environment simulating the actual application scenario, installing simulation software for simulation testing, and regularly performing communication tests by simulating the actual application scenario to verify the normal operation of the communication circuit; at the same time, performing a write instruction operation test to verify whether the switching module works normally; Step S3 includes: Step S31: Building a test environment to simulate communication scenarios in actual applications; Step S32: Install simulation software to perform simulation testing to verify product performance; Step S33: Simulate the actual application scenario and perform communication tests regularly to verify whether the communication loop is normal; Step S34: Perform a write instruction operation test to verify whether the switching module works normally and whether the communication circuit is normal; It also includes the intelligent optimization stage, as follows: Step a: Collect and analyze on-site communication quality and efficiency data; Step b: Design an adaptive algorithm to dynamically select the optimal communication protocol based on the on-site communication conditions; Step c: Implement the algorithm and integrate it into the device; It also includes real-time performance monitoring and optimization, as follows: Design and implement real-time monitoring systems to monitor the communication performance and efficiency of the installation; Design real-time optimization algorithms based on real-time monitoring data to optimize communication efficiency and reduce latency; Implement the algorithm and integrate it in the device; The debugging method in step S2 is as follows: Install appropriate debugging tools and applications on the PC or mobile device, and ensure that there is a channel to download programs and configuration files from the cloud master station; If you need to update the program, download the latest program from the cloud master station, download it to the device through the communication interface, and let the device automatically refresh the firmware; When communicating with a specific device for the first time, configure the necessary information according to the device's communication protocol, configure it through the debugging tool, and download it to the device; After completing the initial configuration, test the communication through the debugging tool and ensure that the configuration is correct. After successful debugging, upload the configuration file to the cloud master for later use; When communicating with the same device again, download the communication configuration file directly from the cloud to the device. After ensuring that the downloaded configuration file is updated successfully, perform a communication test to verify the accuracy of the configuration.

2. An inverter communication expansion device, applicable to the implementation method of an inverter communication expansion device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes 5 modules: MCU module, integrated terminal communication module, inverter interface and communication module, switching module and debugging module; The MCU module uses the GD32 series chip and is equipped with the FreeRTOS operating system to complete device task management, various communication interface data processing and IO control. It needs to integrate the communication protocols of various inverters and fusion terminals. Fusion terminal communication module: the fusion terminal supports RS485, RoLa and HPLC communication modes, of which HPLC is standard configuration, and RS485 and RoLa modes are optional; Inverter interface and communication module. The inverter communication is 485 mode. The interfaces are different. The expansion device is designed with a variety of interface modes, including aviation plug, DB9 and RJ45. The switching module is used to complete the information channel switching between the 4G acquisition stick and the fusion terminal. By default, the 485 circuit of the acquisition stick is connected. When the fusion terminal issues an inquiry command, the 485 of the MCU and the inverter circuit are connected; Debug module, used for debugging and upgrading via Bluetooth and RS485.

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