A vacuum capacitor

Abstract

The present invention provides a vacuum capacitor, which relates to the field of vacuum high-frequency high-power electronic technology. It includes a capacitor A pole and a capacitor B pole, the capacitor A pole includes a first ring plate, the capacitor B pole includes a second ring plate, all the first ring plates and all the second ring plates are concentric and interlaced with each other, the spacing between every two adjacent first ring plates and the second ring plates increases from the outermost to the innermost, the distance between the two cylindrical metal rings with larger radii is closer, the capacitance increases more, and the total capacitance is also improved. In this way, under the premise of keeping the current capacitor volume unchanged, a vacuum capacitor with larger capacity and higher withstand voltage can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of vacuum high-frequency high-power electronic technology, in particular to a vacuum capacitor. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two types of vacuum capacitors with insulating media, one is glass shell vacuum capacitors, and the other is ceramic shell vacuum capacitors. Both levels of the above vacuum capacitors generally adopt a structure in which two groups of cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings of different sizes are interlaced with each other. Adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings belong to the two poles, and the distance between adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings is equal. Vacuum capacitors are generally used in high-voltage environments, and the maximum withstand voltage value is a core indicator of vacuum capacitors.

[0003] The applicant has found that there are at least the following technical problems in the prior art: since the existing vacuum capacitor adopts an equidistant structure, the minimum withstand voltage of adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings gradually increases from the innermost to the outermost side, the spacing between adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings on the outer side is too large, wasting a large amount of capacitance, while the spacing between adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings on the inner side is too small, greatly lowering the maximum withstand voltage value of the capacitance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum capacitor to solve the technical problems of the waste of capacitance and low maximum withstand voltage of vacuum capacitors in the prior art. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A vacuum capacitor comprises a capacitor A pole and a capacitor B pole, wherein the capacitor A pole comprises a first ring plate, and the capacitor B pole comprises a second ring plate, wherein all the first ring plates and all the second ring plates are concentric and interlaced with each other, and the spacing between every two adjacent first ring plates and the second ring plates increases from the outermost side to the innermost side.

[0007] Preferably, between every two adjacent first ring plates and second ring plates, the radius of the inner surface of the ring plate located relatively on the outside is R, the radius of the outer surface of the ring plate located relatively on the inside is r, and the calculated value of rlnR / r is constant.

[0008] Preferably, the capacitor A pole further includes a first connecting plate, and all of the first ring plates are connected to the first connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the capacitor A pole also includes a connecting tube, one end of which is located inside the space formed by the capacitor A pole and the capacitor B pole and forms the first ring plate at the innermost side of the capacitor A pole, and the other end of the connecting tube passes through the first connecting plate and is connected to the external structure.

[0010] Preferably, the capacitor A pole also includes a connecting tube, a first fixed connecting plate, a bellows and a first movable connecting plate, all of the first ring plates are connected to the first movable connecting plate, the two ends of the bellows are respectively connected to the first movable connecting plate and the first fixed connecting plate, the middle part of the connecting tube is connected to the first movable connecting plate, one end of the connecting tube is located inside the space enclosed by the capacitor A pole and the capacitor B pole and forms the innermost first ring plate of the capacitor A pole, and the other end of the connecting tube passes through the first fixed connecting plate and is connected to the external structure.

[0011] Preferably, the capacitor B pole further includes a second connecting plate, and all of the second ring plates are connected to the second connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an insulating shell, which is connected to the capacitor A pole and the capacitor B pole respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the insulating shell is made of high-frequency ceramics or glass.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the vacuum capacitor can utilize the asymmetry of the electric field in space to adjust the spacing between every two adjacent first ring plates and the second ring plates, so that the spacing between every two adjacent first ring plates and the second ring plates increases from the outermost side to the innermost side. With such an arrangement, the distance between the two cylindrical metal rings with larger radii is closer, the capacitance increases more, and the total capacitance is also improved. With such an arrangement, a vacuum capacitor with larger capacity and higher withstand voltage can be obtained under the premise of keeping the current capacitance volume unchanged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A top view of a cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure, 1 is the capacitor A pole; 11 is the first ring plate; 12 is the first connecting plate; 13 is the connecting tube; 14 is the first fixed connecting plate; 15 is the bellows; 16 is the first movable connecting plate;

[0020] 2. Capacitor B pole; 21. Second ring plate; 22. Second connecting plate;

[0021] 3. Insulating shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "length", "width", "height", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "side" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the attached Figure 1 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a vacuum capacitor, comprising a capacitor A pole 1 and a capacitor B pole 2, wherein the capacitor A pole 1 comprises a first ring plate 11, and the capacitor B pole 2 comprises a second ring plate 21, wherein the first ring plate 11 and the second ring plate 21 are preferably cylindrical metal rings, and may further preferably be cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings, and all the first ring plates 11 and all the second ring plates 21 are concentric and interlaced with each other;

[0026] In view of the defects of the existing vacuum capacitors, the vacuum capacitor mentioned in the present invention can use the asymmetry of the spatial electric field to adjust the distance between every two adjacent first ring plates 11 and the second ring plates 21, and the distance between every two adjacent first ring plates 11 and the second ring plates 21 increases from the outermost side to the innermost side.

[0027] With this arrangement, the distance between the two cylindrical metal rings with larger radii is closer, the capacitance increases more, and the total capacitance is also improved. With this arrangement, a vacuum capacitor with larger capacity and higher voltage resistance can be obtained while keeping the current capacitor volume unchanged.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the radius of the inner surface of the ring plate located relatively on the outside between every two adjacent first ring plates 11 and second ring plates 21 is set to R, and the radius of the outer surface of the ring plate located relatively on the inside is set to r. The optimal state in which the spacing between every two adjacent first ring plates 11 and second ring plates 21 increases from the outermost to the innermost is that the calculated value of rlnR / r composed of R and r is constant. With such an arrangement, the minimum withstand voltage values ​​of all cylindrical metal rings on the capacitor A pole 1 and the capacitor B pole 2 of the vacuum capacitor can be the same, eliminating the problem of inconsistent withstand voltages of all adjacent cylindrical metal rings. In this way, the minimum withstand voltage of each pair of cylindrical metal rings is the maximum withstand voltage value of the vacuum capacitor, and the maximum capacity can be achieved under the same withstand voltage value, or the maximum withstand voltage can be achieved under the same capacity, thereby improving the overall withstand voltage of the vacuum capacitor.

[0029] Specifically, any adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper ring is selected for calculation. The radius of the inner surface of the cylindrical oxygen-free copper ring located outside is R, and the electric field strength on its surface is E. R , the radius of the outer surface of the cylindrical oxygen-free copper ring located inside is r, and the electric field strength on its surface is E r ;

[0030] Take any concentric annular surface between the two rings and let the electric field strength passing through the surface be E X According to Gauss's theorem, the electric field intensity passing through the surface is integrated along the surface, and the result is a constant value, so 2πR X E X =2πrE r =2πRE R , and get rE r =RE RThat is, the radius of the outer surface of the inner ring is small, and the electric field strength is large; the radius of the inner surface of the outer ring is large, and the electric field strength is small; the maximum electric field strength of all adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings is on the outer surface of the inner ring. Therefore, through the above design, the problem of inconsistent withstand voltage of all adjacent cylindrical oxygen-free copper rings is eliminated, and the maximum capacity is achieved under the same withstand voltage value, or the maximum withstand voltage is achieved under the same capacity.

[0031] As an optional implementation, the capacitor A pole 1 further includes a first connecting plate 12, and all the first ring plates 11 are connected to the first connecting plate 12;

[0032] Here, the first connecting plate 12 is preferably a circular oxygen-free metal plate, and one or more cylindrical metal rings are concentrically welded to the oxygen-free metal plate.

[0033] As an optional implementation, capacitor A pole 1 also includes a connecting tube 13, one end of which is located inside the space enclosed by capacitor A pole 1 and capacitor B pole 2 and forms the innermost first ring plate 11 of capacitor A pole 1, that is, this end of the connecting tube 13 itself can directly become the innermost first ring plate 11, and the other end of the connecting tube 13 passes through the first connecting plate 12 and is connected to an external structure, and the external structure such as a driving structure can drive capacitor A pole 1 to move relative to each other.

[0034] As an optional implementation, capacitor A pole 1 also includes a connecting tube 13, a first fixed connecting plate 14, a bellows 15 and a first movable connecting plate 16, all of the first ring plates 11 are connected to the first movable connecting plate 16, the two ends of the bellows 15 are respectively connected to the first movable connecting plate 16 and the first fixed connecting plate 14, the middle part of the connecting tube 13 is connected to the first movable connecting plate 16, one end of the connecting tube 13 is located inside the space enclosed by the capacitor A pole 1 and the capacitor B pole 2 and forms the innermost first ring plate 11 of the capacitor A pole 1, and the other end of the connecting tube 13 passes through the first fixed connecting plate 14 and is connected to the external structure.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the capacitor B pole 2 further includes a second connecting plate 22, and all the second ring plates 21 are connected to the second connecting plate 22;

[0036] Here, the second connecting plate 22 is preferably a circular oxygen-free metal plate, and one or more cylindrical metal rings are concentrically welded to the oxygen-free metal plate.

[0037] As an optional implementation, it also includes an insulating shell 3, which is an insulating support structure of the vacuum capacitor, and the insulating shell 3 is connected to the capacitor A pole 1 and the capacitor B pole 2 respectively;

[0038] Regarding the connection between the insulating housing 3 and the capacitor B pole 2, it is preferably connected to the outermost second ring plate 21, and the connection here is further preferably a fixed connection, so that the insulating housing 3 and the capacitor B pole 2 are connected together;

[0039] Regarding the connection between the insulating housing 3 and the capacitor A pole 1, it can be preferably movably connected to the outermost first ring plate 11, as shown in the attached Figure 1 The relevant display effect is shown in FIG. 1 . Under the premise of good sealing, the capacitor A pole 1 can move relative to the insulating shell 3. After the capacitor A pole 1 and the capacitor B pole 2 are respectively manufactured, the insulating shell 3 can be connected to the two, packaged, and then vacuumed and finally sealed.

[0040] It can also be preferably fixedly connected to the first fixed connecting plate, such as the attached Figure 1 As shown in the figure, after the capacitor A pole 1 and the capacitor B pole 2 are respectively manufactured, the insulating shell 3 can be connected to the two, packaged, and then vacuumed and finally sealed.

[0041] As an optional implementation, the insulating shell 3 is made of high-frequency ceramics or glass, which has a good insulation effect.

[0042] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vacuum capacitor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a capacitor A pole (1) and a capacitor B pole (2), wherein the capacitor A pole (1) comprises a first ring plate (11), and the capacitor B pole (2) comprises a second ring plate (21), all the first ring plates (11) and all the second ring plates (21) are arranged concentrically and interlaced with each other, and the spacing between every two adjacent first ring plates (11) and second ring plates (21) increases from the outermost side to the innermost side.

2. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between every two adjacent first ring plates (11) and second ring plates (21), the radius of the inner surface of the ring plate located relatively on the outside is R, the radius of the outer surface of the ring plate located relatively on the inside is r, and the calculated value of rln (R / r) is constant.

3. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor A pole (1) further comprises a first connecting plate (12), and all of the first ring plates (11) are connected to the first connecting plate (12).

4. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capacitor A pole (1) further comprises a connecting tube (13), one end of the connecting tube (13) being located inside a space enclosed by the capacitor A pole (1) and the capacitor B pole (2) and forming the first ring plate (11) at the innermost side of the capacitor A pole (1), and the other end of the connecting tube (13) passing through the first connecting plate (12) and being connected to an external structure.

5. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor A pole (1) further comprises a connecting tube (13), a first fixed connecting plate (14), a bellows (15) and a first movable connecting plate (16); all the first ring plates (11) are connected to the first movable connecting plate (16); the two ends of the bellows (15) are respectively connected to the first movable connecting plate (16) and the first fixed connecting plate (14); the middle part of the connecting tube (13) is connected to the first movable connecting plate (16); one end of the connecting tube (13) is located inside the space enclosed by the capacitor A pole (1) and the capacitor B pole (2) and forms the first ring plate (11) at the innermost side of the capacitor A pole (1); the other end of the connecting tube (13) passes through the first fixed connecting plate (14) and is connected to an external structure.

6. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor B pole (2) further comprises a second connecting plate (22), and all of the second ring plates (21) are connected to the second connecting plate (22).

7. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an insulating shell (3), wherein the insulating shell (3) is respectively connected to the capacitor A pole (1) and the capacitor B pole (2).

8. The vacuum capacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating shell (3) is made of high-frequency ceramics or glass.

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