A factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device and breeding method

Abstract

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device and breeding method. The breeding method uses a specific breeding device to carry out factory-based breeding outside the box, and centrally breeds queens in batches, which can realize batch breeding of queens outside the box, and is not affected by the bee colony and the external climate environment, effectively shortening the colony expansion cycle. The breeding device includes a queen culture plate, a plurality of placement holes, each of which is provided with a queen culture cup, and the upper end of each queen culture cup is covered with a queen protection cover; the queen breeding method using the breeding device includes the steps of worker bee egg hatching, worm transfer, feeding, queen emergence, queen feeding, queen carbon dioxide anesthesia, queen introduction, etc., which improves the efficiency of Chinese honeybee queen breeding, realizes the nutritional hybridization of Chinese honeybee queens while breeding queens, increases the queen's birth weight and the number of ovarian tubes, and effectively improves the production and reproductive performance of Chinese honeybees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bee breeding, and in particular to a factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device and breeding method. Background Art

[0002] In beekeeping, the queen bee is a crucial factor influencing the colony's reproductive rate, strength, and honey production. 80% of a bee colony's health depends on a high-quality queen bee. A high-quality queen has excellent reproductive capacity, produces a large number of brood combs, and builds a strong colony, laying the foundation for high bee product yields. Although queen bees can live for a long time, their egg-laying capacity often declines significantly one year after mating as they age. To maintain optimal reproductive and production conditions, beekeepers replace their queens annually, with some farms even replacing them twice a year. Therefore, to improve bee colony productivity and increase beekeeping profitability, a large number of high-quality queen bees are needed annually for swarming, replacing lost queens, and replacing weak and aged queens. This requires specialized, factory-based queen rearing farms to meet beekeepers' demand for high-quality queens.

[0003] In Chinese bee breeding, queen bee artificial cultivation must be carried out in seasons when the bee colony is strong (more than 6 honeycombs), the external climate is good, and there is an abundant nectar source. After artificially transferring the larvae, they are placed back into the beehive and nurtured by bees. This is greatly affected by the colony's strength, colony status, temperature, and nectar plants. Queen bee breeding is mostly carried out in late spring and early autumn when the bee colony is strong, resulting in a short queen breeding cycle and an inability to timely nurture queen bees according to the needs of the bee colony. During the process of bee queen larvae feeding, the amount of royal jelly fed to the queen larvae by Chinese bees is significantly lower than that of Italian bees, resulting in a much lower success rate of artificial queen breeding by Chinese bees than that of Italian bees. In addition, during the artificial queen breeding process of Chinese honeybees, due to the small size of the bee colony, the small daily egg production of the queen bee, and the long breeding cycle of the bee colony, each colony can only breed about 20 queen bees at a time, which is far lower than the number of queen bees bred by Italian honeybees (about 180 per colony). Therefore, in the breeding of Chinese honeybee queens, the conventional in-box breeding method cannot achieve batch and factory breeding of queen bees, and cannot meet the needs of Chinese honeybee for large-scale expansion of colony breeding and replacement of old and weak queen bees. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device and breeding method. The breeding method adopts a specific breeding device to carry out factory-based breeding outside the box, and centrally breeds queens in batches. It can realize batch breeding of queens outside the box, and is not affected by the bee colony and the external climate environment, effectively shortening the colony expansion cycle.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: providing a factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device, comprising a queen culture plate, wherein the queen culture plate is provided with a plurality of placement holes;

[0006] Each placement hole is provided with a queen bee culture cup, the height of the queen bee culture cup is greater than the depth of the placement hole, and the upper end of each queen bee culture cup is provided with a queen bee protection cover;

[0007] A cover is provided above the queen bee culture plate, and the cover consists of a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a top plate. A plurality of queen bee culture cups are located in the inner cavity of the cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the queen bee protection cover includes a cylindrical shell made of a mesh plate, the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell is adapted to the outer diameter of the queen bee culture cup, and the cylindrical shell is sleeved on the upper end of the queen bee culture cup;

[0009] The upper end of the cylindrical shell is detachably provided with a sealing plug, and the sealing plug is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylindrical shell through a connecting rope;

[0010] A one-way entry structure is provided inside the cylindrical shell for the Chinese honeybee queen to enter the queen bee protection cover from the queen bee culture cup.

[0011] Furthermore, the one-way entry structure includes a semicircular fixed plate and a semicircular movable plate arranged in the lower middle portion of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell, and the diameters of the semicircular fixed plate and the semicircular movable plate are the same as those of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell;

[0012] The arcuate side wall of the semicircular fixed plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell, and the side wall where the diameter of the semicircular movable plate is located is connected to the side wall where the diameter of the semicircular fixed plate is located through a hinge structure;

[0013] A limiting groove is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the semicircular movable plate, and a limiting block adapted to the limiting groove is provided on the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell. In the initial state, the limiting block is located in the limiting groove and the semicircular fixed plate and the semicircular movable plate together form a circular plate;

[0014] A sliding hole is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical shell, a sliding rod is provided in the sliding hole and is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the semicircular fixed plate, and two ends of the sliding rod are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the cylindrical shell;

[0015] The outer end of the slide rod is provided with a positioning block, and when the positioning block contacts the outer wall of the cylindrical shell, the inner end of the slide rod is located on the upper surface of the semicircular movable plate and contacts each other;

[0016] The semicircular fixed plate and the semicircular movable plate both have a plurality of ventilation holes.

[0017] Furthermore, a feeding trough is provided on the upper surface of the semicircular fixing plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the number of the plurality of placement holes is 144, which are evenly distributed on the queen culture plate in a 12*12 array.

[0019] Furthermore, the diameter of the placement hole is 11 mm, and the depth of the placement hole is 7 mm;

[0020] The bottom of the queen bee culture cup is hemispherical, the height of the queen bee culture cup is 25 mm, the inner diameter of the queen bee culture cup is 9 mm, and the thickness of the queen bee culture cup is 2 mm.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for breeding queen bees of Chinese honeybees using any one of the above-mentioned factory-based queen bee breeding devices, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Hatching of worker bee eggs

[0023] Place a complete empty honey and pollen-free comb in a normal egg-laying bee colony, and use a frame-type queen excluder to confine the queen bee to lay eggs on the empty comb. After 24 hours, remove the comb and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 48 hours, hatch into larvae.

[0024] S2. Transfer of Insects

[0025] Before transferring larvae, use a single-hole pipette to add 50ul of royal jelly to the hatched larval chamber, and use a 12-hole pipette to add 50ul of fresh royal jelly to the bottom of the queen bee culture cup. Then use a transfer needle to remove the larvae and place them at the bottom of the queen bee culture cup on the queen bee culture plate. After transferring the larvae, cover the queen bee culture plate with a lid and place it upside down in an artificial climate incubator.

[0026] S3. Feeding

[0027] S31. Royal jelly preheating

[0028] Before feeding, take out the fresh royal jelly stored at -20℃ and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 2 hours, use a 12-hole gun to suck out an appropriate amount of royal jelly to feed the larvae.

[0029] S32. Royal jelly feeding

[0030] According to the age of the queen larvae, use a 12-hole gun to take an appropriate amount of royal jelly. Slowly inject the royal jelly from the bend of the larvae's back along the inside of the queen bee culture cup to the bottom of the queen bee culture cup to feed the larvae. Make the larvae float on the royal jelly. Feed twice a day. After feeding, turn the queen bee culture plate upside down and place it in an artificial climate incubator.

[0031] S4. Queen Bee Emergence

[0032] 10 days after the transfer, remove the cover before the queen emerges and put a queen bee protective cover on the mouth of the queen bee culture cup to prevent the queen bee from flying out.

[0033] S5. Queen Bee Feeding

[0034] After the queen emerges, place it in a queen holder and feed it a mixture of royal jelly and honey using a pipette. The ratio of royal jelly to honey is 2:1. After feeding, place it in a queen cage. Place a piece of royal jelly and honey mixture dipped in cotton wool inside the cage to facilitate the queen's feeding. Change the cotton wool twice a day. After feeding, place it in an artificial climate incubator.

[0035] S6. Carbon dioxide anesthesia of the queen bee

[0036] After the queen bee has been fed for 2 days, it is removed and placed in a 20ml centrifuge tube. The queen bee is anesthetized with carbon dioxide for 20 seconds. After waking up for 24 hours, it is anesthetized again to promote the development of the queen bee's ovaries and accelerate the queen bee's sexual maturity.

[0037] S7. Queen bee lured in

[0038] Apply royal jelly evenly inside the natural queen cell where the queen has left the hive. After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, place the queen bee anesthetized by carbon dioxide into the natural queen cell from the bottom, close the top cover of the natural queen cell, and hang the natural queen cell with the queen inside into the bee colony with the top cover facing down. Let the queen bee push open the cover and crawl out of the natural queen cell.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S1, the temperature of the incubator is 35-37° C., and the humidity is 90%-95%.

[0040] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature of the incubator is 35-37° C., and the humidity is 90%-95%.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S32, 1-day-old larvae are fed 50ul each time; 2-day-old larvae are fed 80ul each time; 3-day-old larvae are fed 120ul each time; 4-day-old larvae are fed 170ul each time; 5-day-old larvae are fed 230ul daily; and feeding is stopped when the 6-day-old bees begin to pupate.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] 1. The cultivation method and cultivation device provided by the present invention realize intensive batch cultivation of honeybee queens outside the hive, thereby improving the efficiency of honeybee queen cultivation. Through artificial batch feeding, it is ensured that the queen larvae can continuously ingest sufficient royal jelly of Apis mellifera during their development, thereby improving the nutrition and food intake of the honeybee queen larvae, achieving nutritional hybridization of the honeybee queens during queen cultivation, increasing the queen's birth weight and the number of ovarian tubes, and effectively improving the production and reproductive performance of honeybees.

[0044] 2. Use artificial climate incubators to control suitable temperature and humidity, and adopt batch artificial feeding of sufficient high-quality Italian bee royal jelly to improve the success rate of Chinese bee queen breeding and the number of queens bred in a single time. This solves the problem that the breeding process of Chinese bee queens is restricted by factors such as bee colony strength, external temperature and flowering period of nectar-producing plants. Queens can be bred in batches at any time according to the needs of beekeeping development, promote the factory-based breeding of Chinese bee queens, meet the demand for high-quality queens in beekeeping production, and promote the construction of a Chinese bee breeding system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the apparatus for breeding queen bees outside a honey bee box according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the combination of the queen bee culture plate and multiple queen bee culture cups according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cover body of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the queen bee culture cup and queen bee protection cover combination of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is a top view of the internal structure of the cylindrical shell of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 is a bottom view of the internal structure of the cylindrical shell of the present invention;

[0051] Description of the marks in the figure: queen culture plate 1, placement hole 2, queen culture cup 3, cover 4, front side plate 401, rear side plate 402, left side plate 403, right side plate 404, top plate 405, cylindrical shell 5, sealing plug 6, connecting rope 7, semicircular fixed plate 8, semicircular movable plate 9, limiting groove 10, limiting block 11, sliding rod 12, positioning block 13, air vent 14, feeding trough 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following is a further description of the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, all directional indication terms such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. They are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0054] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0056] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device includes a queen culture plate 1, which is generally a rectangular plate of a certain thickness, and a plurality of placement holes 2 are provided on the queen culture plate 1;

[0057] Each placement hole 2 is provided with a queen bee culture cup 3. The queen bee culture cup 3 and the corresponding placement hole 2 are interference fit. The height of the queen bee culture cup 3 is greater than the depth of the placement hole 2. The bottom of the queen bee culture cup 3 is flush with the bottom of the placement hole 2. The upper end of each queen bee culture cup 3 is provided with a queen bee protection cover. The queen bee protection cover is used to cover the upper end of the corresponding queen bee culture cup 3 to prevent the queen bee from flying out of the queen bee culture cup 3 after emergence.

[0058] A cover 4 is provided above the queen culture plate 1. The cover 4 is detachably connected to the queen culture plate 1. The cover 4 is composed of a front side plate 401, a rear side plate 402, a left side plate 403, a right side plate 404, and a top plate 405. That is, the cover 4 is a cavity with an open lower end. Multiple queen culture cups 3 are all located in the inner cavity of the cover 4. The cover 4 is used to protect the multiple queen culture cups 3.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preference, the queen bee protection cover includes a cylindrical shell 5 made of a mesh plate, or a metal screen, depending on the actual situation. The mesh holes can achieve ventilation and air permeability, and on the other hand, it is convenient for the queen bee to crawl and provide support. The inner diameter of the cylindrical shell 5 is adapted to the outer diameter of the queen bee culture cup 3, and the cylindrical shell 5 is sleeved on the upper end of the queen bee culture cup 3;

[0060] The upper end of the cylindrical shell 5 is detachably provided with a sealing plug 6, that is, the sealing plug 6 can be plugged in and out to realize opening and closing of the upper end of the cylindrical shell 5. The sealing plug 6 is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical shell 5 through a connecting rope 7, that is, one end of the connecting rope 7 is fixedly connected to the sealing plug 6, and the other end of the connecting rope 7 is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the outer wall of the cylindrical shell 5. The sealing plug 6 is connected by the connecting rope 7 to prevent it from falling and being lost during the plugging and unplugging process;

[0061] The cylindrical shell 5 is provided with a one-way entry structure for the Chinese bee queen to enter the queen bee protective cover from the queen bee culture cup 3, that is, the Chinese bee queen cannot come out from the lower end of the queen bee protective cover after entering the queen bee protective cover from the queen bee culture cup 3.

[0062] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, as a preference, the one-way entry structure includes a semicircular fixed plate 8 and a semicircular movable plate 9 arranged in the middle and lower part of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell 5. The diameters of the semicircular fixed plate 8 and the semicircular movable plate 9 are the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell 5. The diameter of the semicircular movable plate 9 can be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell 5, such as 0.5-2 mm smaller, or can be determined according to actual conditions. There is a slight gap between the two, which is convenient for the queen bee to push it upward. In addition, the semicircular fixed plate 8 also plays a supporting and limiting role. When the cylindrical shell 5 is sleeved on the upper end of the queen bee culture cup 3, the upper end of the queen bee culture cup 3 contacts the semicircular fixed plate 8. At this time, the cylindrical shell 5 cannot be sleeved down anymore, and the upper end of the queen bee culture cup 3 supports the semicircular fixed plate 8, thereby fixing the entire queen bee protective cover.

[0063] The arc-shaped side wall of the semicircular fixed plate 8 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell 5, and the side wall where the diameter of the semicircular movable plate 9 is located is connected to the side wall where the diameter of the semicircular fixed plate 8 is located through a hinge structure;

[0064] A limiting groove 10 is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the semicircular movable plate 9. The depth of the limiting groove 10 is less than the thickness of the semicircular movable plate 9. The limiting groove 10 is concave from bottom to top, and one side edge of the limiting groove 10 coincides with the edge of the lower surface of the semicircular movable plate 9, that is, the limiting groove 10 is away from one end of the semicircular fixed plate 8 and is open. A limiting block 11 adapted to the limiting groove 10 is provided on the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell 5. In the initial state, the limiting block 11 is located in the limiting groove 10 and the semicircular fixed plate 8 and the semicircular movable plate 9 together form a circular plate, that is, the semicircular fixed plate 8 and the semicircular movable plate 9 are both in a horizontal state and their upper surfaces are in the same plane. Through the restriction of the limiting block 11, the semicircular movable plate 9 can only be pushed upward, thereby achieving the purpose of one-way entry;

[0065] A sliding hole is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical shell 5, and a sliding rod 12 is provided in the sliding hole and is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the semicircular fixed plate 8. The two ends of the sliding rod 12 are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the cylindrical shell 5, and the sliding rod 12 is interference fit with the sliding hole;

[0066] The end of the slide rod 12 located on the outside of the cylindrical shell 5 is provided with a positioning block 13. When the positioning block 13 contacts the outer wall of the cylindrical shell 5, the end of the slide rod 12 located on the inner side of the cylindrical shell 5 is located on the upper surface of the semicircular movable plate 9 and contacts each other. In the initial state, there is a certain distance between the positioning block 13 and the outer wall of the cylindrical shell 5 and does not contact the semicircular movable plate 9, so that the semicircular movable plate 9 can rotate freely counterclockwise. The queen bee can lift the semicircular movable plate 9 by crawling upwards and enter the cylindrical shell 5. After that, the semicircular movable plate 9 Without the force exerted by the queen bee, it will return to its initial state by gravity. Due to the supporting effect of the limit block 11, the semicircular movable plate 9 cannot be rotated downward, thereby achieving the purpose of one-way entry. When the queen bee enters the queen bee protection cover and needs to be transported or transferred, the slide rod 12 can be pushed inward so that one end of the slide rod 12 is located above the semicircular movable plate 9. The semicircular movable plate 9 is clamped by the slide rod 12 and the limit block 11, so that the semicircular movable plate 9 is fixed, ensuring that the semicircular movable plate 9 will not automatically rotate open during transportation or transfer, thereby preventing the queen bee from flying out.

[0067] The semicircular fixed plate 8 and the semicircular movable plate 9 are both provided with a plurality of air holes 14 , through which the queen bee culture cup 3 is connected to the outside world, thereby achieving ventilation.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the queen bee to enter the queen bee protection cover for feeding, a feeding trough 15 is provided on the upper surface of the semicircular fixed plate 8. The royal jelly can be added to the feeding trough 15 by opening the sealing plug 6. The feeding trough 15 must also be in contact with the slide rod 12. The side wall of the feeding trough 15 can guide the slide rod 12 to make it slide in a straight line.

[0069] In this embodiment, preferably, the mesh holes on the cylindrical shell 5 have a diameter of 2 mm.

[0070] In this embodiment, preferably, the queen culture plate 1 has a length of 132 mm, a width of 132 mm, and a height of 7 mm;

[0071] In this embodiment, preferably, the number of the plurality of placement holes 2 is 144, which are evenly distributed on the queen culture plate 1 in a 12*12 array. All or part of the placement holes 2 can be selected according to actual needs.

[0072] In this embodiment, preferably, the diameter of the placement hole 2 is 11 mm, and the depth of the placement hole 2 is 7 mm;

[0073] The bottom of the queen bee culture cup 3 is hemispherical, the height of the queen bee culture cup 3 is 25 mm, the inner diameter of the queen bee culture cup 3 is 9 mm, and the thickness of the queen bee culture cup 3 is 2 mm. When the queen bee culture cup 3 is placed in the placement hole 2 and the bottoms of the two are flush, the cup mouth of the queen bee culture cup 3 is 5 mm higher than the upper surface of the queen bee culture plate 1.

[0074] The present invention also provides a method for breeding queen bees of Chinese honeybees using any one of the above-mentioned factory-based queen bee breeding devices, comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1. Hatching of worker bee eggs

[0076] Place a complete empty honey and pollen-free comb in a normal egg-laying bee colony, and use a frame-type queen excluder to confine the queen bee to lay eggs on the empty comb. After 24 hours, remove the comb and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 48 hours, hatch into larvae.

[0077] S2. Transfer of Insects

[0078] Before transferring the larvae, use a single-hole pipette to add 50ul of royal jelly to the hatched larval chamber, and use a 12-hole pipette to add 50ul of fresh royal jelly to the bottom of the queen culture cup 3. Then use a transfer needle to remove the larvae and place them at the bottom of the culture cup of the queen culture plate 1. After transferring the larvae, cover the queen culture plate 1 with the cover 4 and place it upside down in an artificial climate incubator.

[0079] S3. Feeding

[0080] S31. Royal jelly preheating

[0081] Before feeding, take out the fresh royal jelly stored at -20℃ and place it in an artificial climate incubator. The temperature of the artificial climate incubator is used to heat the fresh royal jelly to avoid the adverse effects of low-temperature fresh royal jelly on the larvae. After 2 hours, use a 12-hole gun to suck out an appropriate amount of royal jelly to feed the larvae.

[0082] S32. Royal jelly feeding

[0083] According to the age of the queen larvae, use a 12-hole gun to take an appropriate amount of royal jelly, and slowly inject the royal jelly from the bend of the larvae's back along the inner side of the queen bee culture cup 3 to the bottom of the queen bee culture cup 3 to feed the larvae, so that the larvae float on the royal jelly. Feed twice a day. After feeding, the queen bee culture plate 1 is inverted and placed in an artificial climate incubator;

[0084] S4. Queen Bee Emergence

[0085] 10 days after the transfer, before the queen emerges, remove the cover 4 and put a queen bee protective cover on the mouth of the queen bee culture cup 3 to prevent the queen bee from flying out after emerging;

[0086] S5. Queen Bee Feeding

[0087] After the queen emerges, place it in a queen holder and feed it a mixture of royal jelly and honey using a pipette. The ratio of royal jelly to honey is 2:1. After feeding, place it in a queen cage. Place a piece of royal jelly and honey mixture dipped in cotton wool inside the cage to facilitate the queen's feeding. Change the cotton wool twice a day. After feeding, place it in an artificial climate incubator.

[0088] S6. Carbon dioxide anesthesia of the queen bee

[0089] After the queen bee has been fed for 2 days, it is removed and placed in a 20ml centrifuge tube. The queen bee is anesthetized with carbon dioxide for 20 seconds. After waking up for 24 hours, it is anesthetized again to promote the development of the queen bee's ovaries and accelerate the queen bee's sexual maturity.

[0090] S7. Queen bee lured in

[0091] Apply royal jelly evenly inside the natural queen cell where the queen has left the hive. After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, place the queen bee anesthetized by carbon dioxide into the natural queen cell from the bottom, close the top cover of the natural queen cell, and hang the natural queen cell with the queen inside into the bee colony with the top cover facing down. Let the queen bee push open the cover and crawl out of the natural queen cell.

[0092] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity in the incubator affect the hatching of the larvae. Preferably, in step S1, the temperature of the artificial climate incubator is 35-37°C and the humidity is 90%-95%. The hatching effect of the larvae is best at this temperature and humidity. The artificial climate incubator is a prior art that can achieve precise control of temperature and humidity.

[0093] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity in the incubator affect the growth and development of the larvae. In step S2, the incubator temperature is 35-37°C and the humidity is 90%-95%. The larvae grow and develop best under this temperature and humidity. The artificial climate incubator is an existing technology that can achieve precise control of temperature and humidity.

[0094] In this embodiment, in order to meet the different needs of larvae at different stages for royal jelly, in step S32, 1-day-old larvae are fed 50ul each time; 2-day-old larvae are fed 80ul each time; 3-day-old larvae are fed 120ul each time; 4-day-old larvae are fed 170ul each time; 5-day-old larvae are fed 230ul daily; and feeding is stopped when the 6-day-old bees begin to pupate. Specific embodiment 1

[0096] 1.1 Hatching of worker bee eggs

[0097] Place a complete empty honey and pollen-free comb into a normally laying bee colony, and use a frame-type queen excluder to restrict the queen bee to lay eggs on the empty comb. After 24 hours, take out the comb and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 48 hours, the larvae will hatch. The incubator temperature is 35-37℃ and the humidity is 90%-95%.

[0098] 1.2 Migratory insects

[0099] Before transferring the larvae, use a single-hole pipette to add 50ul of royal jelly to the hatched larval room, use a 12-hole pipette to add 50ul of fresh royal jelly to the bottom of the queen culture cup 3, and then use a worm transfer needle to remove the larvae and place them at the bottom of the queen culture cup 3 of the queen culture plate 1. After transferring the larvae, cover the queen culture plate 1 with a cover 4, and place it upside down in an artificial climate incubator with an incubator temperature of 35-37°C and a humidity of 90%-95%.

[0100] 1.3 Feeding

[0101] 1.3.1 Preheating royal jelly

[0102] Before feeding, take out the fresh royal jelly stored at -20℃ and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 2 hours, use a 12-hole gun to suck out the royal jelly and feed it to the larvae.

[0103] 1.3.2 Royal jelly feeding

[0104] Based on the age of the queen larvae, use a 12-hole shotgun to dispense an appropriate amount of royal jelly. Slowly inject the royal jelly from the bend of the larvae's back along the inside of the queen culture cup 3 to the bottom of the culture cup to feed the larvae, allowing them to float on the royal jelly. Feed twice daily: 1-day-old larvae are fed 50ul each time, 2-day-old larvae are fed 80ul each time, 3-day-old larvae are fed 120ul each time, 4-day-old larvae are fed 170ul each time, and 5-day-old larvae are fed 230ul daily. Stop feeding when the 6-day-old bees pupate. After feeding, cover the queen culture plate 1 with the lid 4 and place it upside down in an artificial climate incubator.

[0105] 1.4 Queen Bee Emergence

[0106] Ten days after the transfer of the worms, the cover 4 is removed before the queen bee emerges, and a queen bee protective cover is put on the cup mouth of the queen bee culture cup 3 to prevent the queen bee from flying out after emergence.

[0107] 1.5 Queen Bee Feeding

[0108] After the queen emerges, place her in a queen holder and feed her a mixture of royal jelly and honey using a pipette, with a ratio of 2:1. After feeding, place her in a queen cage, and place a cotton pad soaked in royal jelly and honey for easy access. Change the cotton pad twice daily. After feeding, place her in an artificial climate incubator.

[0109] 1.6 Carbon dioxide anesthesia of the queen bee

[0110] After the queen bee has been fed for 2 days, the queen bee is taken out and placed in a 20ml centrifuge tube. The queen bee is anesthetized with carbon dioxide for 20 seconds and anesthetized again after waking up for 24 hours to promote the development of the queen bee's ovaries and accelerate the queen bee's sexual maturity.

[0111] 1.7 Queen Bee Entry

[0112] Evenly apply royal jelly to the queen bee's natural queen cell after it has left the hive. After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, place the queen bee, anesthetized with carbon dioxide, into the natural queen cell from the bottom and close the top cover. Hang the queen bee-filled natural queen cell into the bee colony with the top cover facing downwards, and allow the queen bee to push open the cover and crawl out of the natural queen cell. Specific embodiment 2

[0114] 2.1 According to the conventional method of queen breeding in the box, adopt the artificial double-transfer worm raising method. After the worms are transferred on the first day, the queen raising frame is placed in the bee colony for feeding. On the second day, the queen raising frame is taken out and the worms are transferred again for queen raising.

[0115] First, the number of queen bees bred and the success rate of receiving queens were measured by the two queen bee breeding methods. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0116]

[0117] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the conventional queen breeding method in the box, the factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device and breeding method provided by the present invention can effectively increase the number of queens bred in a single time and improve the efficiency of queen breeding. The Chinese honeybee colony is relatively weaker than the Italian honeybee colony, and the number of queens bred in a single time is relatively small. Usually, the number of queens bred in a single time is only 20-25. If a large number of queens are bred, the success rate of larvae reception will be significantly reduced, and the influence of the colony's strength and the external environment will increase. In addition, the amount of royal jelly in the queen cell is small due to the insufficient number of nursing bees, and the nutritional supply is insufficient, which in turn affects the individual development of the queen. The factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device and breeding method provided by the present invention adopts an artificial feeding method outside the box for breeding, and controls the temperature and humidity through an artificial climate box. It is not affected by the colony's strength and climate, and can carry out batch breeding of queens at any time according to production needs, saving queen breeding time and improving queen breeding efficiency.

[0118] Secondly, the birth weight and body length of queen bees and the weight and body length of egg-laying queens of the two queen bee breeding methods were measured. The results are shown in Table 2:

[0119] Table 2

[0120] Solution 1 Option 2 Newborn weight 208.6mg~223.05mg 160.35mg~180.56mg Body length 19.0mm~21.34mm 16.9mm~18.67mm Weight of spawning king 237.9mg~253.24mg 192.3mg~210.37mg Body length of spawning king 21.5mm~24.03mm 18.01mm~19.4mm

[0121] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the conventional in-box queen breeding method, the factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding method of the present invention can effectively increase the weight and body length of the queen, and improve the queen's egg-laying ability and reproductive capacity. The factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding method provided by the present invention uses Italian royal jelly as the food source for Chinese honeybee larvae. Italian royal jelly is richer in nutrients than Chinese honeybee royal jelly, so that the Chinese honeybee queen larvae can continuously use food with higher nutritional value during their development, promoting the individual development of the queen. Therefore, the queens bred are heavier than the birth weight and egg-laying queens of the queens cultured in the conventional box, and have a longer body length.

[0122] Finally, the queen bee's reproductive performance was evaluated based on the queen bee's daily egg production. The results are shown in Table 3:

[0123] Table 3

[0124] Daily egg production (grains) Solution 1 850~1100 pills Option 2 560 to 700 pills

[0125] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the conventional in-box queen bee breeding method, the queen bee bred by the factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding method provided by the present invention has a higher daily egg production rate, thereby improving the reproductive capacity of the bee colony. While breeding the queen bee, the present invention uses Italian royal jelly to feed the Chinese honeybee queen larvae, utilizing nutritional hybridization to improve the queen bee's egg-laying performance, thereby improving the low egg-laying performance of the Chinese honeybee queen, promoting the improvement of Chinese honeybee varieties, and laying the foundation for the construction of a Chinese honeybee breeding system.

[0126] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device, characterized in that: It comprises a queen bee culture plate (1), wherein the queen bee culture plate (1) is provided with a plurality of placement holes (2); A queen bee culture cup (3) is provided in each placement hole (2), the height of the queen bee culture cup (3) is greater than the depth of the placement hole (2), and the upper end of each queen bee culture cup (3) is provided with a queen bee protection cover; A cover (4) is provided above the queen bee culture plate (1), and the cover (4) is composed of a front side plate (401), a rear side plate (402), a left side plate (403), a right side plate (404), and a top plate (405), and a plurality of queen bee culture cups (3) are all located in the inner cavity of the cover (4); The queen bee protection cover comprises a cylindrical shell (5) made of a mesh plate, the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell (5) being adapted to the outer diameter of the queen bee culture cup (3), and the cylindrical shell (5) being sleeved on the upper end of the queen bee culture cup (3); A sealing plug (6) is detachably provided at the upper end of the cylindrical shell (5), and the sealing plug (6) is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylindrical shell (5) via a connecting rope (7); The cylindrical shell (5) is provided with a one-way entry structure for the Chinese honeybee queen to enter the queen bee protection cover from the queen bee culture cup (3); The one-way entry structure comprises a semicircular fixed plate (8) and a semicircular movable plate (9) arranged in the lower middle portion of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell (5), wherein the diameters of the semicircular fixed plate (8) and the semicircular movable plate (9) are the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell (5); The arcuate side wall of the semicircular fixed plate (8) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell (5), and the side wall where the diameter of the semicircular movable plate (9) is located is connected to the side wall where the diameter of the semicircular fixed plate (8) is located via a hinge structure; A limiting groove (10) is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the semicircular movable plate (9), and a limiting block (11) adapted to the limiting groove (10) is provided on the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell (5). In an initial state, the limiting block (11) is located in the limiting groove (10) and the semicircular fixed plate (8) and the semicircular movable plate (9) together form a circular plate; A sliding hole is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical shell (5), a sliding rod (12) is provided in the sliding hole and is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the semicircular fixed plate (8), and two ends of the sliding rod (12) are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the cylindrical shell (5); The outer end of the slide rod (12) is provided with a positioning block (13), and when the positioning block (13) contacts the outer wall of the cylindrical shell (5), the inner end of the slide rod (12) is located on the upper surface of the semicircular movable plate (9) and contacts each other; The semicircular fixed plate (8) and the semicircular movable plate (9) both have a plurality of air holes (14).

2. The factory-based Chinese honeybee queen breeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding trough (15) is provided on the upper surface of the semicircular fixing plate (8).

3. The industrialized Chinese honeybee queen breeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the plurality of placement holes (2) is 144, and they are evenly distributed on the queen bee culture plate (1) in a 12*12 array.

4. The industrialized Chinese honeybee queen breeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the placement hole (2) is 11 mm, and the depth of the placement hole (2) is 7 mm; The bottom of the queen bee culture cup (3) is hemispherical, the height of the queen bee culture cup (3) is 25 mm, the inner diameter of the queen bee culture cup (3) is 9 mm, and the thickness of the queen bee culture cup (3) is 2 mm.

5. A method for breeding queen bees of Chinese honeybees using the factory-based queen bee breeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Hatching of worker bee eggs Place a complete empty honey and pollen-free comb in a normal egg-laying bee colony, and use a frame-type queen excluder to confine the queen bee to lay eggs on the empty comb. After 24 hours, remove the comb and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 48 hours, hatch into larvae. S2. Transfer of Insects Before transferring the larvae, use a single-hole pipette to add 50ul of royal jelly to the hatched larval room, use a 12-hole pipette to add 50ul of fresh royal jelly to the bottom of the queen bee culture cup (3), and then use a worm transfer needle to remove the larvae and place them at the bottom of the queen bee culture cup (3) on the queen bee culture plate (1). After transferring the larvae, cover the queen bee culture plate (1) with a lid (4) and place it upside down in an artificial climate incubator; S3. Feeding S31. Royal jelly preheating Before feeding, take out the fresh royal jelly stored at -20℃ and place it in an artificial climate incubator. After 2 hours, use a 12-hole gun to suck out an appropriate amount of royal jelly to feed the larvae. S32. Royal jelly feeding According to the age of the queen larvae, use a 12-hole gun to take an appropriate amount of royal jelly, and slowly inject the royal jelly from the bend of the larvae's back along the inner side of the queen bee culture cup (3) to the bottom of the queen bee culture cup (3) to feed the larvae, so that the larvae float on the royal jelly. Feed twice a day. After feeding, the queen bee culture plate (1) is inverted and placed in an artificial climate incubator; S4. Queen Bee Emergence 10 days after the transfer, before the queen bee emerges, the cover (4) is removed and a queen bee protective cover is placed on the mouth of the queen bee culture cup (3) to prevent the queen bee from flying out after emerging; S5. Queen Bee Feeding After the queen emerges, place it in a queen holder and feed it a mixture of royal jelly and honey using a pipette. The ratio of royal jelly to honey is 2:

1. After feeding, place it in a queen cage. Place a piece of royal jelly and honey mixture dipped in cotton wool inside the cage to facilitate the queen's feeding. Change the cotton wool twice a day. After feeding, place it in an artificial climate incubator. S6. Carbon dioxide anesthesia of the queen bee After the queen bee has been fed for 2 days, it is removed and placed in a 20ml centrifuge tube. The queen bee is anesthetized with carbon dioxide for 20 seconds. After waking up for 24 hours, it is anesthetized again to promote the development of the queen bee's ovaries and accelerate the queen bee's sexual maturity. S7. Queen bee lured in Apply royal jelly evenly inside the natural queen cell where the queen has left the hive. After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, place the queen bee anesthetized by carbon dioxide into the natural queen cell from the bottom, close the top cover of the natural queen cell, and hang the natural queen cell with the queen inside into the bee colony with the top cover facing down. Let the queen bee push open the cover and crawl out of the natural queen cell.

6. A method for breeding queen bees of Chinese honeybee according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the incubator temperature is 35-37°C and the humidity is 90%-95%.

7. A method for breeding queen bees of Chinese honeybee according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the incubator temperature is 35-37°C and the humidity is 90%-95%.

8. A method for breeding queen bees of Chinese honeybee according to claim 5, characterized in that: One-day-old larvae were fed 50ul each time; two-day-old larvae were fed 80ul each time; three-day-old larvae were fed 120ul each time; four-day-old larvae were fed 170ul each time; five-day-old larvae were fed 230ul daily; feeding was stopped when the six-day-old bees began to pupate.

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