Transparent display device

Abstract

The present application provides a transparent display device, which includes a transparent substrate, a first pixel array and a light leakage suppression element. The transparent substrate has a plurality of display regions and a plurality of transparent regions. The first pixel array is disposed on the transparent substrate and includes a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of first openings. Each first pixel overlaps a corresponding display region. Each first opening overlaps a corresponding transparent region. The light leakage suppression element includes a plurality of light blocking structures spaced apart from each other. The plurality of first pixels are disposed on a first side of the transparent substrate. At least a portion of each light blocking structure of the light leakage suppression element is disposed on a second side of the transparent substrate.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Taiwan Patent Application No. 112130515, filed on August 14, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes, as if fully set forth herein. Technical Field

[0003] This invention relates to a display device, and more particularly to a transparent display device. Background Technology

[0004] A transparent display device is a type of display device that allows users to view the scene behind it in a transparent state. It is commonly found in shop windows and vending machines. A transparent display device has a display area and a transparent area. The display area provides the image for the user to view, while the transparent area is transparent, allowing the user to see the scene behind it. Pixels are installed in the display area to emit image beams towards the display surface of the transparent display device, thus providing the image. However, some of the image beams are reflected back into the transparent display device at the interface between the display surface and the outside world, and then escape from the back of the transparent display device, causing back-side light leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a transparent display device that can improve the problem of light leakage on the back side.

[0006] The transparent display device of the present invention includes a transparent substrate, a first pixel array, multiple signal lines, and a light leakage suppression element. The transparent substrate has multiple display areas and multiple transparent areas. The first pixel array is disposed on the transparent substrate. The first pixel array includes multiple first pixels and multiple first openings. The multiple first pixels are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and each first pixel overlaps with a corresponding display area. Each first opening is surrounded by a portion of the multiple first pixels, and each first opening overlaps with a corresponding transparent area. Multiple signal lines are disposed on the transparent substrate and electrically connected to the multiple first pixels. The light leakage suppression element includes multiple light-blocking structures spaced apart from each other. The transparent substrate has opposing first and second sides. The multiple first pixels are disposed on the first side of the transparent substrate. At least a portion of each light-blocking structure of the light leakage suppression element is disposed on the second side of the transparent substrate.

[0007] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of a light leakage suppression element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light leakage suppression element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light leakage suppression element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the attached figures, the following labels are used:

[0017] 10, 10A, 10B, 10C: Transparent display panels

[0018] 10a, 20a: Display area

[0019] 10b, 20b: Transparent areas

[0020] 10f: First display plane

[0021] 10r: Back

[0022] 110, 210: Transparent substrate

[0023] 120: First pixel array

[0024] 122: First pixel

[0025] 122a: Light-emitting element

[0026] 122r, 122g, 122b: Subpixels

[0027] 124: First Opening

[0028] 130, 230: Line Structure

[0029] 130-1: Longitudinal section

[0030] 130-2: Lateral section

[0031] 132, 134: Signal lines

[0032] 140, 240: Transparent packaged components

[0033] 150, 150A, 150B: Light leakage suppression elements

[0034] 152, 152A: Light-blocking structure

[0035] 154: Gap

[0036] 156: First light-blocking pattern layer

[0037] 156a: First light-blocking pattern

[0038] 158: Second light-blocking pattern layer

[0039] 158a: Second light-blocking pattern

[0040] 159: Transparent spacer layer

[0041] 160: Functional membrane

[0042] 220: Second pixel array

[0043] 222: Second pixel

[0044] 224: Second opening

[0045] AG: Air gap

[0046] C122: first pixel row

[0047] DP1: First display panel

[0048] DP2: Second display panel

[0049] d: width of light blocking

[0050] d1: First direction

[0051] d2: Second direction

[0052] d3:Third direction

[0053] g1: First gap

[0054] g2: Second gap

[0055] h: Light blocking height

[0056] h': distance

[0057] I1, I2: Interface

[0058] L: Beam

[0059] l1: Part 1

[0060] l2: Part Two

[0061] P1: First pitch

[0062] P2: Second pitch

[0063] S1: First side

[0064] S2: Second side

[0065] w: Gap width

[0066] w AG :width

[0067] I-I': section line

[0068] θ、θ max Angle of incidence

[0069] θ t : Angle of departure. Detailed Implementation

[0070] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same element symbols are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.

[0071] It should be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly on or connected to the other element, or an intermediate element may also be present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected" to another element, no intermediate element is present. As used herein, "connection" can refer to physical and / or electrical connection. Furthermore, "electrical connection" or "coupling" may involve the presence of other elements between the two elements.

[0072] As used herein, “about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” includes the value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviations from a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, taking into account the measurement under discussion and a particular number of errors associated with the measurement (i.e., limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations of the value, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5%. Furthermore, the use of “about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” herein may be chosen based on the optical, etched, or other properties to select a more acceptable range of deviations or standard deviations, and may not require a single standard deviation to apply to all properties.

[0073] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology and this invention, and will not be interpreted as having idealized or overly formal meanings unless expressly defined herein.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 correspond Figure 2 The section line I-I'.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The transparent display panel 10 includes a transparent substrate 110, a first pixel array 120, and a circuit structure 130. The circuit structure 130 includes multiple signal lines 132 and 134 and is substantially opaque. The transparent substrate 110 has multiple display areas 10a and multiple transparent areas 10b. In one embodiment, the multiple transparent areas 10b may include multiple regions of the transparent substrate 110 not occupied by the circuit structure 130, while the multiple display areas 10a may be multiple regions of the transparent substrate 110 occupied by the circuit structure 130. For example, in one embodiment, in a top view of the transparent display device 10, the circuit structure 130 is generally a mesh structure, the mesh structure including multiple vertical portions 130-1 and multiple horizontal portions 130-2 that intersect each other, the multiple display areas 10a may correspond to multiple intersections of the multiple vertical portions 130-1 and multiple horizontal portions 130-2 respectively, and the multiple transparent areas 10b may correspond to multiple meshes of the mesh structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the transparent substrate 110 may be made of glass, quartz, organic polymer or other suitable materials, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0076] A first pixel array 120 is disposed on a transparent substrate 110. The first pixel array 120 includes a plurality of first pixels 122 and a plurality of first openings 124. The plurality of first pixels 122 are arranged in an array along a first direction d1 and a second direction d2, wherein the first direction d1 and the second direction d2 are staggered. For example, in one embodiment, the first direction d1 and the second direction d2 may be perpendicular, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Each first pixel 122 overlaps with a corresponding display area 10a in a third direction d3, wherein the third direction d3 is perpendicular to the first direction d1 and the second direction d2. Each first opening 124 is surrounded by a portion of the plurality of first pixels 122, and each first opening 124 overlaps with a corresponding transparent area 10b in the third direction d3. For example, in one embodiment, each first opening 124 may be a closed opening, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0077] In one embodiment, each first pixel 122 may include a plurality of sub-pixels 122r, 122g, and 122b for emitting a first color light, a second color light, and a third color light, respectively. For example, in one embodiment, the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light may be red light, green light, and blue light, respectively, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0078] Multiple signal lines 132 and 134 of the circuit structure 130 are disposed on the transparent substrate 110 and electrically connected to multiple first pixels 122. The signal lines 132 and 134 can be any wires used to drive the first pixels 122. In detail, in one embodiment, the circuit structure 130 further includes multiple pixel driving circuits (not shown), each first pixel 122 includes a light-emitting element 122a, and the light-emitting element 122a of each first pixel 122 is electrically connected to a corresponding pixel driving circuit. For example, in one embodiment, the pixel driving circuit may include a first transistor (not shown), a second transistor (not shown), and a capacitor (not shown). The second terminal of the first transistor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the second transistor, and the capacitor is electrically connected to both the second terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the second transistor. The first electrode (not shown) of the light-emitting element 122a is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second transistor. Multiple signal lines 132 and 134 may include a data line electrically connected to the first terminal of the first transistor, a scan line electrically connected to the control terminal of the first transistor, and a power line electrically connected to the first terminal of the second transistor. In one embodiment, the light-emitting element 122a is, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED) element, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0079] In one embodiment, signal lines 132 and 134 may include a plurality of first signal lines 132 extending generally along a first direction d1 and a plurality of second signal lines 134 extending generally along a second direction d2. The longitudinal portion 130-1 and the transverse portion 130-2 of the circuit structure 130 may respectively include first signal lines 132 and second signal lines 134. The first signal lines 132 and second signal lines 134 may be straight conductors or curved conductors. The first signal lines 132 and second signal lines 134 may be composed of the same or different patterned conductive layers. The first signal lines 132 and second signal lines 134 may be single-layer signal lines or multi-layer stacked signal lines. The material of the first signal lines 132 and second signal lines 134 is preferably an opaque conductive material (e.g., metal), but the invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, one of the first signal line 132 and the second signal line 134 is, for example, a data line, and the other of the first signal line 132 and the second signal line 134 is, for example, a scan line and / or a power line, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0080] In one embodiment, the transparent display device 10 may further include a transparent encapsulation element 140 (drawn on...). Figure 1 A transparent encapsulation element 140 is disposed on the first side S1 of the transparent substrate 110 and covers a plurality of first pixels 122. The transparent substrate 110, the circuit structure 130, the first pixel array 120, and the transparent encapsulation element 140 can be regarded as a first display panel DP1. The first display panel DP1 has a first display surface 10f and a back surface 10r. In one embodiment, the first display surface 10f may be a surface of the transparent encapsulation element 140, and the back surface 10r may be a surface of the transparent substrate 110 facing away from the first pixel array 120. In one embodiment, the transparent encapsulation element 140 may include a transparent encapsulating adhesive and / or a transparent cover plate, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0081] It is worth noting that the transparent display device 10 also includes a light leakage suppression element 150. The light leakage suppression element 150 includes a plurality of light-blocking structures 152 spaced apart from each other, wherein the transparent substrate 110 has opposing first sides S1 and second sides S2, and a plurality of first pixels 122 are disposed on the first side S1 of the transparent substrate 110. At least a portion of each light-blocking structure 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 is disposed on the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110. That is, at least a portion of each light-blocking structure 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 is disposed on the back surface 10r of the first display panel DP1. In one embodiment, the entire light leakage suppression element 150 may be completely disposed on the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0082] Furthermore, it should be noted that the location of the light leakage suppression element 150 is not limited to the outermost layer of the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110. In an embodiment not shown, the light leakage suppression element 150 may also be located within the film layer, and the light leakage suppression element 150 may be located between the outer protective backplate (not shown) and the transparent substrate 110 of the first display panel DP1.

[0083] The light-emitting element 122a of the first pixel 122 emits a light beam L toward the first side S1 of the transparent substrate 110. A first portion l1 of the light beam L passes through the first display surface 10f and is transmitted to the outside. A second portion l2 of the light beam L is reflected at the interface I1 between the first display surface 10f and the outside and is transmitted toward the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110. At this time, the light leakage suppression element 150 disposed on the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110 can absorb the second portion l2 of the light beam L, thereby improving the back-side light leakage problem of the first display panel DP1. In one embodiment, the absorption spectrum of the light leakage suppression element 150 may include the visible light band and / or the emission band of the light-emitting element 122a.

[0084] In one embodiment, the plurality of light-blocking structures 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 may overlap with the plurality of longitudinal portions 130-1 of the line structure 130. That is, the plurality of light-blocking structures 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 may overlap with the plurality of first signal lines 132. In one embodiment, the plurality of first pixels 122 are arranged at a first pitch P1 in a first direction d1, and the plurality of light-blocking structures 152 are arranged at a second pitch P2 in a second direction d2, wherein the first pitch P1 and the second pitch P2 are substantially equal.

[0085] In one embodiment, a plurality of first pixels 122 are arranged in a plurality of first pixel rows C122, and the plurality of first pixels 122 in each first pixel row C122 are arranged in a first direction d1. The plurality of light-blocking structures 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 may be respectively superimposed on the plurality of first pixel rows C122. In one embodiment, the plurality of light-blocking structures 152 may be a plurality of strip structures respectively superimposed on the plurality of first pixel rows C122.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 1The intensity of the light beam L emanating from the back surface 10r of the first display panel DP1 is I(θ), where I(θ) = I0·R(θ)·T(θ), and I0 is the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 122a, R(θ) is the reflectivity of the light beam L on the first display surface 10f of the first display panel DP1, T(θ) is the transmittance of the light beam L on the back surface 10r of the first display panel DP1, and θ is the incident angle of the light beam L onto the first light-emitting surface 10f. The incident angle θ of the light beam L onto the first light-emitting surface 10f is essentially equal to the incident angle of the light beam L onto the back surface 10r. When the transparent encapsulation element 140 and the first transparent substrate 110 have the same refractive index (or, in other words, the transparent encapsulation element 140 and the first transparent substrate 110 are made of the same material, such as glass), then R(θ) + T(θ) ≈ 1. The geometric mean is less than or equal to the arithmetic mean, i.e. Substituting R(θ) = 1 - T(θ) into It can be deduced that R(θ)×T(θ)≤0.25. From R(θ)×T(θ)≤0.25, we can deduce that I0·R(θ)·T(θ)≤0.25I0. Substituting I(θ)=I0·R(θ)·T(θ) into I0·R(θ)·T(θ)≤0.25I0, we get: I(θ)≤0.25·I0. From I(θ)≤0.25·I0, we know that the maximum value of I(θ) is 0.25·I0. Also, I(θ)=I0·R(θ)·T(θ)=I0·R(θ)·[1-R(θ)]=I0·[R(θ)-R 2 (θ)]. The maximum value of I(θ) is 0.25I0 and I(θ) = I0·[R(θ) - R 2 From [θ], we can see that when R(θ) = 50%, I(θ) has a maximum value of 0.25·I0. Let θ be the angle of incidence such that R(θ) = 50%. max θ can be calculated using equations (2) and (3). max .

[0087]

[0088] n1·sinθ max =n2·sinθ t ---Equation (3);

[0089] Where n1 is the refractive index of the transparent substrate 110, n2 is the refractive index of a medium (e.g., but not limited to: air) adjacent to the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110, and θ t The exit angle of the light beam L as it leaves the transparent substrate 110 and propagates toward the second side S2.

[0090] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of a light leakage suppression element according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, if the light leakage suppression element 150 can block the portion of the light beam L with the greatest light intensity in the second part l2 (i.e., the portion from inside the transparent substrate 110 at an incident angle θ) max By using a portion of the light beam L incident on the back side 10r, the effect of the light leakage suppression element 150 can be optimized.

[0091] Specifically, in one embodiment, the two adjacent light-blocking structures 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 have a gap 154 ​​in the second direction d2, the gap 154 ​​has a gap width w in the second direction d2, one of the two adjacent light-blocking structures 152 has a light-blocking width d in the second direction d2, and one of the two adjacent light-blocking structures 152 has a light-blocking height h in the third direction d3. In one embodiment, when the gap width w, the light-blocking width d, and the light-blocking height h satisfy the following formula (1), the light-blocking structure 152 can effectively block / absorb the part with the largest light intensity in the second part l2 of the light beam L, and the light leakage suppression effect of the light leakage suppression element 150 can be optimized.

[0092]

[0093] In one embodiment, considering the transparency of the transparent display device 10, the aperture ratio A of the light leakage suppression element 150 is preferably greater than or equal to 70%, wherein... In other words, in one embodiment, the gap width w, the light-blocking width d, and the light-blocking height h of the light leakage suppression element 150 satisfy the following: Preferably, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0094] It must be noted that the following embodiments use the component reference numerals and some content from the foregoing embodiments, with the same reference numerals used to represent the same or similar components, and descriptions of the same technical content omitted. For explanations of the omitted parts, please refer to the foregoing embodiments; these will not be repeated in the following embodiments.

[0095] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The transparent display device 10A of the embodiment and Figure 1 and Figure 3 The transparent display device 10 of the embodiment is similar, but the difference is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, on the third direction d3, there is no air gap between the light-blocking structure 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 and the transparent substrate 110; Figure 4In one embodiment, an air gap AG is provided between the light-blocking structure 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 and the transparent substrate 110 in the third direction d3. In one embodiment, the air gap AG has a width w in the third direction d3. AG ,and

[0096] exist Figure 4 In this embodiment, an air gap AG exists between the light-blocking structure 152 and the transparent substrate 110. The light beam L is deflected at a large angle at the interface I2 between the transparent substrate 110 and the air gap AG, thus the light-blocking height h of the light-blocking structure 152 can be lower. This allows the light leakage suppression element 150 to be made thinner.

[0097] For example, when the resolution of the first display panel DP1 is 85 PPI, the refractive index of the transparent substrate 110 is n1 = 1.5, and the refractive index of the medium adjacent to the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110 is n2 = 1.0, in Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the incident angle θ of the portion of light beam L with the greatest light intensity max =41°, the light-blocking height h of the light-blocking structure 152 of the light-leakage suppression element 150 can be 345.1μm, the maximum value of the light-blocking width d of the light-blocking structure 152 in the second direction d2 can be 90μm, and the gap width w of the light-leakage suppression element 150 can be 210μm; under the same conditions (i.e., the resolution of the first display panel DP1 is 85PPI, the refractive index n1 of the transparent substrate 110 is 1.5, and the refractive index n2 of the medium adjacent to the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110 is 1.0), in Figure 4 In the embodiment, the incident angle θ of the portion of light beam L with the greatest light intensity max =83°, the light-blocking height h of the light-blocking structure 152 of the light leakage suppression element 150 is reduced to 36.8μm.

[0098] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 Transparent display device 10B and Figure 1 Similar to the transparent display device 10, the difference between the two is: Figure 5 The transparent display device 10B also includes a functional film 160. Please refer to... Figure 5 A functional film 160 is disposed on the first side S1 of the transparent substrate 110, wherein a plurality of first pixels 122 are located between the functional film 160 and the transparent substrate 110. The functional film 160 disposed on the first display surface 10f is used to reduce the reflection of the light beam L at the interface I1 between the first display surface 10f and the outside world. For example, in one embodiment, the functional film 160 may be a low refractive index film, an anti-reflection film, a moth-eye film, a refractive index matching film, an absorption film, or a circular polarizing film.

[0099] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Transparent display device 10C and Figure 1 Similar to the transparent display device 10, the difference between the two is: Figure 6 The transparent display device 10C also includes a second display panel DP2 disposed on the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110, wherein the second pixel array 220 of the second display panel DP2 is disposed on the second side S2 of the transparent substrate 110, and the light leakage suppression element 150 is located between the first pixel array 120 of the first display panel DP1 and the second pixel array 220 of the second display panel DP2.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 6 In detail, in this embodiment, the second display panel DP2 includes a transparent substrate 210, a circuit structure 230, a second pixel array 220, and a transparent encapsulation element 240. The transparent substrate 210 of the second display panel DP2 has multiple display areas 20a and multiple transparent areas 20b. The multiple display areas 20a and multiple transparent areas 20b of the transparent substrate 210 of the second display panel DP2 overlap with the multiple display areas 10a and multiple transparent areas 10b of the transparent substrate 110 of the first display panel DP1. The second pixel array 220 is disposed on the transparent substrate 210 and includes multiple second pixels 222 and multiple second openings 224. The multiple second pixels 222 and multiple second openings 224 of the second display panel DP2 overlap with the multiple first pixels 122 and multiple first openings 124 of the first display panel DP1. The circuit structure 230 is disposed on the transparent substrate 210 and electrically connected to the multiple second pixels 222. The circuit structure 230 of the second display panel DP2 overlaps with the circuit structure 130 of the first display panel DP1. The transparent encapsulation element 240 covers multiple second pixels 222.

[0101] exist Figure 6 In one embodiment, the transparent display device 10C includes a first display panel DP1 and a second display panel DP2 for displaying toward the first side S1 and the second side S2, respectively, and a light leakage suppression element 150 disposed between the first display panel DP1 and the second display panel DP2 can simultaneously suppress back-side light leakage of the first display panel DP1 and the second display panel DP2.

[0102] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light leakage suppression element according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 The light leakage suppression element 150A and Figure 1 The light leakage suppression element 150 is similar to the one used in the previous model; the difference between the two is that: Figure 7The light-blocking structure 152A of the light leakage suppression element 150A may include multiple film layers.

[0103] Specifically, in Figure 7 In the embodiments, the light leakage suppression element 150A may include a first light-blocking pattern layer 156, a second light-blocking pattern layer 158, and a transparent spacer layer 159. The first light-blocking pattern layer 156 has a plurality of first light-blocking patterns 156a spaced apart from each other, and adjacent first light-blocking patterns 156a have a first gap g1. The second light-blocking pattern layer 158 has a plurality of second light-blocking patterns 158a spaced apart from each other, and adjacent second light-blocking patterns 158a have a second gap g2. The plurality of first light-blocking patterns 156a are respectively superimposed on the plurality of second light-blocking patterns 158a, and the plurality of first gaps g1 are respectively superimposed on the plurality of second gaps g2. The transparent spacer layer 159 is disposed between the first light-blocking pattern layer 156 and the second light-blocking pattern layer 158. Each light-blocking structure 152A may include overlapping first light-blocking patterns 156a and second light-blocking patterns 158a.

[0104] exist Figure 7 In the embodiment, the overlapping first light-blocking pattern 156a and second light-blocking pattern 158a are separated by a distance h' in the third direction d3, and the distance h' satisfies:

[0105] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light leakage suppression element according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 The light leakage suppression element 150B and Figure 7 The leakage suppression element 150A is similar, but the differences are as follows. Figure 7 In one embodiment, the transparent spacer layer 159 of the light leakage suppression element 150A can be a transparent element disposed outside the transparent substrate 110. Figure 8 In one embodiment, the transparent spacer layer 159 of the light leakage suppression element 150B can be a transparent substrate 110, and the first light-blocking pattern layer 156 and the second light-blocking pattern layer 158 can be respectively disposed on the two opposite surfaces 110a and 110b of the transparent substrate 110.

[0106] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended patent claims.

Claims

1. A transparent display device, characterized in that, include: A transparent substrate having multiple display areas and multiple transparent areas; A first pixel array is disposed on the transparent substrate, wherein the first pixel array includes: A plurality of first pixels are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and each first pixel overlaps with a corresponding display area; and A plurality of first openings, wherein each first opening is surrounded by a portion of the plurality of first pixels, and each first opening overlaps with a corresponding transparent area; Multiple signal lines are disposed on the transparent substrate and electrically connected to the plurality of first pixels; and A light leakage suppression element includes a plurality of light-blocking structures spaced apart from each other, wherein the transparent substrate has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the plurality of first pixels are disposed on the first side of the transparent substrate, and at least a portion of each of the light-blocking structures of the light leakage suppression element is disposed on the second side of the transparent substrate. Each of the light-blocking structures overlaps at least with a portion of the first pixel that is arranged along the same straight line along the first direction.

2. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of signal lines include a plurality of first signal lines extending in the first direction, and the plurality of light-blocking structures of the light leakage suppression element at least partially overlap with the plurality of first signal lines.

3. The transparent display device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of first pixels are arranged at a first pitch in the second direction, and the plurality of light-blocking structures are arranged at a second pitch in the second direction, wherein the first pitch and the second pitch are substantially equal.

4. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjacent light-blocking structures have a gap in the second direction, the gap having a gap width w in the second direction, one of the two adjacent light-blocking structures having a light-blocking width d in the second direction, and the other of the two adjacent light-blocking structures having a light-blocking height h in a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, the gap width w, the light-blocking width d, and the light-blocking height h satisfying equation (1). ---Equation (1), where Satisfying equations (2) and (3), ---Equation (2), ---Equation (3), Where n1 is the refractive index of the transparent substrate, n2 is the refractive index of a medium adjacent to the second side of the transparent substrate, and θ t An exit angle is defined as the angle at which a light beam leaves the transparent substrate and propagates toward the second side.

5. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjacent light-blocking structures have a gap in the second direction, the gap having a gap width w in the second direction, and one of the two adjacent light-blocking structures has a light-blocking width d in the second direction. .

6. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, An air gap exists between the plurality of light-blocking structures and the transparent substrate.

7. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A functional film is disposed on the first side of the transparent substrate, wherein a plurality of first pixels are located between the functional film and the transparent substrate, and the functional film includes a moth-eye film.

8. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A functional film is disposed on the first side of the transparent substrate, wherein the plurality of first pixels are located between the functional film and the transparent substrate, and the functional film includes a low refractive index film, an anti-reflection film, a refractive index matching film, an absorption film, or a circular polarizing film.

9. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A second pixel array is disposed on the second side of the transparent substrate, wherein the light leakage suppression element is located between the first pixel array and the second pixel array.

10. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The light leakage suppression element includes: A first light-blocking pattern layer having multiple first light-blocking patterns spaced apart from each other; A second light-blocking pattern layer having a plurality of second light-blocking patterns spaced apart from each other, wherein the plurality of first light-blocking patterns overlap the plurality of second light-blocking patterns; and A transparent spacer layer is disposed between the first light-blocking pattern layer and the second light-blocking pattern layer, wherein each of the light-blocking structures includes an overlapping first light-blocking pattern and a second light-blocking pattern.

11. The transparent display device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the light-blocking structures includes a strip-shaped structure extending along a first direction, and the plurality of light-blocking structures are arranged in a second direction.

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