A seawater self-desalination device based on a friction electromagnetic generator

Abstract

The application discloses a seawater self-desalination device based on a friction electromagnetic generator, which comprises a power device, a power generation device and a desalination device, wherein the power device is provided with a water wheel; the power generation device comprises a friction power generation mechanism and an electromagnetic power generation mechanism, the friction power generation mechanism is provided with a first rotor, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is provided with a second rotor, the water wheel, the first rotor and the second rotor rotate synchronously; the desalination device comprises an electrode cavity and a salt flow cavity, and the electrode cavity is electrically connected with the power generation device. The flowing salt-containing liquid flow can drive the water wheel to rotate and flow through the salt flow cavity, the water wheel rotation drives the power generation device to generate power, the power generation device can transmit the electric energy to the electrode cavity, so that an electromagnetic field is generated in the salt flow cavity, and ions in the salt-containing liquid flow are gathered, so that the salt-containing liquid flow is desalinated. The combination of the friction nanometer generator and the electromagnetic generator can realize stable self-power generation, so that the continuous seawater desalination function is ensured. The desalination is carried out by using the flowing electrode desalination device, so that the electrode material is not consumed, and the device is more environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of wave energy power generation and seawater desalination technology, and particularly to a seawater self-desalination device based on a triboelectric generator. Background Technology

[0002] Today, many regions of the world face severe freshwater shortages. On the one hand, available freshwater resources are finite; only 1% of the Earth's water is usable for human and biosphere activities. Simultaneously, global warming leads to increased evaporation, reducing the amount of usable water. On the other hand, agricultural and industrial development has resulted in a massive increase in the demand for freshwater. To address this challenge, seawater desalination has been extensively researched in recent decades as one of the most effective solutions, given that the ocean is a vast water resource, accounting for 97% of the Earth's water.

[0003] Currently, the main seawater desalination technologies include: capacitive adsorption seawater desalination technology; however, the double-layer capacitor has a low capacity, resulting in a low salt ion adsorption capacity, making this method only suitable for desalination of low-concentration brine; in dual-ion electrochemical seawater desalination technology, the desalination capacity is limited by the intrinsic properties of the electrode materials, and the electrode materials require regeneration, making a continuous seawater desalination process impossible; electrodialysis seawater desalination technology consumes too much energy and has low economic efficiency; solar seawater desalination technology offers convenient and flexible site selection, allowing application on rooftops and open spaces in cities, but it is limited by climate, operating only under sunlight, and solar panel materials also pose environmental pollution problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new technology that uses clean energy and can achieve continuous and uninterrupted seawater desalination. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a seawater desalination device based on a triboelectric generator, which utilizes the hydrodynamic energy of seawater to generate electricity and achieve continuous seawater desalination, thereby improving economic efficiency and environmental friendliness.

[0005] A seawater desalination device based on a triboelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] The power unit is equipped with a water turbine;

[0007] The power generation device includes a triboelectric power generation mechanism and an electromagnetic power generation mechanism. The triboelectric power generation mechanism is equipped with a first rotor, and the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is equipped with a second rotor. The water turbine, the first rotor, and the second rotor rotate synchronously.

[0008] A desalination device includes an electrode chamber and a salt flow chamber. The electrode chamber includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber located on both sides of the salt flow chamber. The anode chamber and the cathode chamber are interconnected and filled with electrolyte liquid. The electrode chamber is electrically connected to a power generation device. The salt flow chamber includes a concentration chamber and a desalination chamber. A cation exchange membrane is provided between the electrode chamber and the salt flow chamber, and an anion exchange membrane is provided between the concentration chamber and the desalination chamber.

[0009] The flowing saline liquid can drive the water turbine to rotate and flow through the salt flow chamber. The rotation of the water turbine can drive the first rotor and the second rotor to rotate to generate electricity. The power generation device can transmit electrical energy to the electrode chamber, causing the electrolyte liquid to produce an oxidation-reduction reaction in the electrode chamber, generating an electromagnetic field in the salt flow chamber, which in turn causes the anions in the saline liquid to pass through the anion exchange membrane and accumulate in the concentration chamber to desalinate the saline liquid.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a seawater desalination device based on a triboelectric generator has at least the following beneficial effects: This embodiment includes a power unit, a power generation unit, and a desalination device. The power unit is equipped with a water turbine; the power generation unit includes a triboelectric generator mechanism and an electromagnetic generator mechanism. The triboelectric generator mechanism is equipped with a first rotor, and the electromagnetic generator mechanism is equipped with a second rotor. The water turbine, the first rotor, and the second rotor rotate synchronously; the desalination device includes an electrode chamber and a salt flow chamber. The electrode chamber includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber located on both sides of the salt flow chamber. The anode chamber and the cathode chamber are interconnected and filled with electrolyte liquid. The electrode chamber is electrically connected to the power generation device. The salt flow chamber includes a concentration chamber and a desalination chamber. A cation exchange membrane is provided between the electrode chamber and the salt flow chamber, and an anion exchange membrane is provided between the concentration chamber and the desalination chamber. The flowing saline solution drives a water turbine to rotate and flows through the saline chamber. The rotation of the water turbine drives a first rotor and a second rotor to generate electricity. The power generation device delivers electrical energy to the electrode chamber, causing a redox reaction in the electrolyte solution. This generates an electromagnetic field within the saline chamber, causing anions in the saline solution to pass through the anion exchange membrane and accumulate in the concentration chamber, thus desalinating the saline solution. In this embodiment, by using a combination of a triboelectric nanogenerator and an electromagnetic generator, it is possible to effectively convert water kinetic energy under a wide frequency band of water waves, achieving stable and sustainable self-generation to ensure continuous seawater desalination. Using a flowing electrode desalination device, the electrolyte can circulate and continuously react, generating continuous electron transfer under a continuous power supply. This eliminates the need to consume electrode materials, making it more environmentally friendly.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power generation device is provided with a rotating shaft, on which a water turbine, a first rotor, and a second rotor are mounted to achieve coaxial synchronous rotation.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the triboelectric generator mechanism includes a first stator with a plurality of stator pole pieces arranged circumferentially, and a first rotor with a plurality of rotor pole pieces arranged circumferentially at intervals. A friction film is provided between the stator pole pieces and the rotor pole pieces, which can reduce frictional damping while separating the stator pole pieces and the rotor pole pieces.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is provided with a second stator, on which a plurality of coils are arranged circumferentially, and on which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged circumferentially, and ball bearings are provided between the second rotor and the second stator, thereby reducing the frictional resistance between the second rotor and the second stator and reducing kinetic energy loss.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least two second rotors are provided, with the two second rotors respectively located on both sides of the second stator, which helps to improve power generation efficiency.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, electrode plates are provided on the anode cavity and the cathode cavity, and the electrode plates are located on the side away from the salt flow cavity, so that the electrolyte solution generates a redox reaction in the electrode cavity to achieve effective ion exchange.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electrolyte solution may be selected from K3[Fe(CN)6] or K4[Fe(CN)6] electrolyte.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of driving parts are provided on the water turbine along the circumference, and the flowing salt-containing liquid can drive the driving parts to realize the rotation of the water turbine.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the drive unit has a recessed receiving cavity, which can push the inner wall of the receiving cavity when the brine flows, thereby driving the water wheel.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the water wheel is also connected to a water pump. When the water wheel rotates, it can drive the water pump to drive the electrolyte liquid to circulate between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, so that the oxidation-reduction reaction is more complete, thereby improving the ion exchange efficiency.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of a seawater self-desalination device based on a triboelectric generator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2This is an exploded view of the power generation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the water turbine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial view of the first rotor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial view of the first stator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] Power generation device 100; water turbine 101; rotating shaft 102; water pump 103; drive unit 104; receiving cavity 105; overflow port 106; electrode plate 107; recessed part 108; first pattern 109;

[0029] Triboelectric generator mechanism 110; first stator 111; first rotor 112; stator pole piece 113; rotor pole piece 114; separator line 115; friction film 116; elastic pad 117; conductive wire 118; second pattern 119;

[0030] Electromagnetic power generation mechanism 120; second stator 121; second rotor 122; coil 123; permanent magnet 124; ball bearing 125; retaining disk 126; baffle 127;

[0031] Desalination device 130; anode chamber 131; cathode chamber 132; concentration chamber 133; desalination chamber 134; cation exchange membrane 135; anion exchange membrane 136; salt solution flow 137; concentrate 138; desalination solution 139; electrolyte solution 140. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0035] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, a seawater desalination device based on a triboelectric generator includes a power unit, a power generation unit 100, and a desalination unit 130. The power unit is equipped with a water turbine 101, which is driven by a flowing brine stream 137. Figure 3 The water turbine 101 has several drive units 104 arranged circumferentially, and the drive units 104 extend radially along the water turbine 101. The flowing brine liquid 137 can drive the drive units 104 to rotate the water turbine 101. Further, the drive units 104 are semi-circular or shell-shaped, and have recessed receiving cavities 105 inside. The receiving cavities 105 have open openings and can accommodate the brine liquid 137. When the brine liquid 137 flows, it can be poured into the receiving cavity 105 through the openings and push the inner wall of the receiving cavity 105 to drive the water turbine 101. It can be understood that the brine liquid 137 can enter the receiving cavity 105 along the tangential direction of the outer periphery of the water turbine 101, thereby generating a tangential driving force on the water turbine 101. Optionally, an overflow port 106 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the drive unit 104 away from the axis of the water turbine 101. The overflow port 106 is used to guide and facilitate the discharge of liquid in the receiving cavity 105, so that the liquid in the receiving cavity 105 can be discharged quickly after the drive unit 104 has turned a certain angle, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of water kinetic energy. Optionally, a recessed portion 108 is provided on the other side of the drive unit 104 located on the back of the receiving cavity 105. The recessed portion 108 is recessed into the middle of the drive unit 104 to form a cavity. It can be understood that the recessed portion 108 can provide a cavity to accommodate the salt-containing liquid flow 137, which is conducive to the salt-containing liquid flow 137 staying in the recessed portion 108. When the salt-containing liquid flow 137 flows in the reverse direction, the water turbine 101 can also be reversed by pushing the recessed portion 108. That is, the water turbine 101 can collect water kinetic energy in the reciprocating wave flow, thereby improving the energy utilization rate. In another embodiment, the power unit may be equipped with a handwheel or pedal or other human-powered device instead of the waterwheel 101, which can help people obtain fresh water for survival on ocean-going ships or islands.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 The power generation device 100 includes a triboelectric power generation mechanism 110 and an electromagnetic power generation mechanism 120. It can be understood that the triboelectric power generation mechanism 110 is a triboelectric nanogenerator, and the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 120 is an electromagnetic generator. The triboelectric power generation mechanism 110 is provided with a first rotor 112 and a first stator 111. (Refer to...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first stator 111 is provided with a number of stator pole pieces 113 arranged circumferentially, and the first rotor 112 is provided with a number of rotor pole pieces 114 arranged circumferentially at intervals. The rotor pole pieces 114 are a number of fan-shaped copper pieces. Optionally, at least 180 stator pole pieces 113 are provided on the first stator 111 along the circumferential direction, and the central angle of each stator pole piece 113 is 1°. The stator pole piece 113 includes a first pattern 109 and a second pattern 119, both made of copper. Therefore, the first pattern 109 and the second pattern 119 can cover the surface of the stator. Along the circumferential direction of the first stator 111, the first pattern 109 and the second pattern 119 are complementary and separated by a dividing line 115 to prevent the first pattern 109 and the second pattern 119 from conducting. Further, a friction film 116 is provided between the stator pole piece 113 and the rotor pole piece 114. In this embodiment of the invention, the friction film 116 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene film material. While separating the stator pole piece 113 and the rotor pole piece 114, it can reduce frictional damping. Therefore, when the rotor rotates and the rotor pole piece 114 moves relative to the stator pole piece 113, flowing charges can be generated, thereby realizing power generation.

[0038] The electromagnetic power generation mechanism 120 is equipped with a second rotor 122. Optionally, the power generation device 100 is equipped with a rotating shaft 102. The water turbine 101, the first rotor 112, and the second rotor 122 are mounted on the rotating shaft 102 to achieve coaxial synchronous rotation, thereby improving the compactness of the spatial layout. The simple transmission mechanism helps to reduce mechanical losses and can efficiently utilize water kinetic energy. (Refer to...) Figure 2At least one baffle 127 is provided between the water turbine 101 and the power generation device 100 to support the rotating shaft 102. The baffle 127 can prevent direct contact between the liquid and the power generation device 100, and at the same time support the rotating shaft 102 and the water turbine 101. Optionally, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 120 is provided with a second stator 121. Both the first stator 111 and the second stator 121 are fixedly installed. A plurality of coils 123 are arranged circumferentially on the second stator 121, and a plurality of permanent magnets 124 are arranged circumferentially on the second rotor 122. It can be understood that the radius of the circle formed by the permanent magnets 124 is equal to the radius of the circle formed by the coils 123. When the second rotor 122 rotates relative to the second stator 121, the permanent magnets 124 sweep past the coils 123 to generate an induced current, thereby realizing power generation. Optionally, in this embodiment, the permanent magnets 124 can be made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. Optionally, a plurality of balls 125 are provided between the second rotor 122 and the second stator 121. The balls 125 pass through a retaining disk 126 on the rotating shaft 102, arranged circumferentially along the retaining disk 126. The side walls of the balls 125 simultaneously abut against the side walls of the second rotor 122 and the second stator 121. Therefore, the balls 125 reduce the frictional resistance between the second rotor 122 and the second stator 121, thus reducing kinetic energy loss. Optionally, in this embodiment, the balls 125 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is lightweight and has a low coefficient of friction, helping to reduce rotational inertia and rolling resistance, and improving energy conversion efficiency. Further, at least two second rotors 122 are provided, each located on one side of the second stator 121, with the north and south poles of the two sets of permanent magnets 124 facing each other. Furthermore, balls 125 are provided between both sides of the second rotor 122 and the second stator 121, which helps to improve power generation efficiency. Optionally, one of the second rotors 122 and the first rotor 112 can be fixedly installed back to back, and a rotating shaft 102 bearing can be provided between the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 122 and the rotating shaft 102, or between the first stator 111 and the second stator 121, to further reduce rolling resistance.

[0039] Optionally, the triboelectric generator 110 and the electromagnetic generator 120 are respectively connected to a step-down transformer and a step-up transformer to achieve alternating output. The current output by the triboelectric generator 110 and the electromagnetic generator 120 can be connected to two parallel rectifiers respectively, and finally a filter capacitor is applied to obtain a stable current output.

[0040] Reference Figure 1The desalination device 130 includes an electrode chamber and a salt flow chamber. The electrode chamber includes an anode chamber 131 and a cathode chamber 132 located on both sides of the salt flow chamber. The anode chamber 131 and the cathode chamber 132 are interconnected and contain electrolyte solution 140. The electrode chamber is electrically connected to the power generation device 100, that is, the anode in the anode chamber 131 is connected to the anode of the power generation device 100, and the cathode in the cathode chamber 132 is connected to the cathode of the power generation device 100. The salt flow chamber includes a concentration chamber 133 and a desalination chamber 134. A cation exchange membrane 135 is provided between the electrode chamber and the salt flow chamber, and an anion exchange membrane 136 is provided between the concentration chamber 133 and the desalination chamber 134. The anion exchange membrane 136 allows anions to pass through. Optionally, electrode plates 107 are provided on the anode chamber 131 and the cathode chamber 132. The electrode plates 107 are located on the side away from the salt flow chamber. The electrode plates 107 are preferably made of graphite sheets to achieve conductivity, so that the electrolyte solution 140 generates a redox reaction in the electrode chamber to achieve effective ion exchange. Understandably, the flowing saline liquid 137 can drive the water turbine 101 to rotate and flow through the saline flow chamber. The rotation of the water turbine 101 can drive the first rotor 112 and the second rotor 122 to rotate and generate electricity. The power generation device 100 can transmit electrical energy to the electrode chamber, causing the electrolyte liquid 140 to produce an oxidation-reduction reaction in the electrode chamber, generating an electromagnetic field in the saline flow chamber, which in turn causes the anions in the saline liquid 137 to pass through the anion exchange membrane 136 and accumulate in the concentration chamber 133 to desalinate the saline liquid 137. Subsequently, the concentration chamber 133 and the desalination chamber 134 discharge the concentrate 138 and the desalination liquid 139, respectively. The salt concentration of the desalination liquid 139 is lower than that of the saline liquid 137.

[0041] In this embodiment, by using a combination of triboelectric nanogenerator and electromagnetic generator, it is possible to effectively convert water kinetic energy under a wide frequency band of water waves, achieving stable and sustainable self-generation to ensure continuous seawater desalination. Desalination is performed using a flowing electrode desalination device 130, where the electrolyte circulates and continuously reacts. With a continuous power supply, continuous electron transfer is generated, eliminating the need to consume electrode materials, making it more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, the water turbine 101 is connected to a water pump 103. The rotation of the water turbine 101 drives the water pump 103, which in turn drives the electrolyte solution 140 to circulate between the anode chamber 131 and the cathode chamber 132, making the redox reaction more complete and improving ion exchange efficiency to maintain a good and stable desalination function. Optionally, the electrolyte solution 140 can be K3[Fe(CN)6] or K4[Fe(CN)6] electrolyte, which has high redox activity. It is understood that the [Fe(CN)6] in the electrolyte solution 140... 4- In the anode cavity 131, it loses electrons and transforms into [Fe(CN)6]. 3- When [Fe(CN)6] is circulated to the cathode cavity 132 by water pump 103... 3- It gains electrons and transforms into [Fe(CN)6].4- And [Fe(CN)6] 4- Driven by water pump 103, it can flow into the anode chamber to achieve a cyclic redox reaction.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sea water self-desalination device based on a friction electromagnetic generator, characterized in that, The application relates to a power generation device and a desalination device. The power generation device comprises a friction power generation mechanism and an electromagnetic power generation mechanism, the friction power generation mechanism is provided with a first rotor, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is provided with a second rotor, the power generation device is provided with a rotating shaft, the water wheel, the first rotor and the second rotor are arranged on the rotating shaft to realize coaxial synchronous rotation of the water wheel, the first rotor and the second rotor. The desalination device comprises an electrode cavity and a salt flow cavity, the electrode cavity comprises an anode cavity and a cathode cavity arranged on two sides of the salt flow cavity, the anode cavity and the cathode cavity are communicated with each other and are filled with an electrolyte, the electrode cavity is electrically connected with the power generation device, the salt flow cavity comprises a concentration cavity and a desalination cavity, a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the electrode cavity and the salt flow cavity, and an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the concentration cavity and the desalination cavity. The flowing salt-containing liquid can drive the water wheel to rotate and flow through the salt flow cavity, the rotation of the water wheel can drive the first rotor and the second rotor to rotate to generate power, the power generation device can transmit electric energy to the electrode cavity, the electrolyte in the electrode cavity generates an oxidation-reduction reaction, an electromagnetic field is generated in the salt flow cavity, and then anions in the salt-containing liquid flow pass through the anion exchange membrane and gather in the concentration cavity to desalinate the salt-containing liquid flow. The water wheel is further connected with a water pump, and the water wheel can drive the water pump to drive the electrolyte to flow circularly between the anode cavity and the cathode cavity when the water wheel rotates. The friction power generation mechanism is provided with a first stator, a plurality of stator pole pieces are arranged on the first stator in a circumferential direction, a plurality of rotor pole pieces are arranged on the first rotor in a circumferential direction, and a friction film is arranged between the stator pole pieces and the rotor pole pieces.

2. A sea water self-desalination device based on a friction electromagnetic generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic power generation mechanism is provided with a second stator, a plurality of coils are arranged on the second stator in a circumferential direction, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the second rotor in a circumferential direction, and balls are arranged between the second rotor and the second stator.

3. A sea water self-desalination device based on a friction electromagnetic generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second rotor is provided with at least two second rotors arranged on two sides of the second stator respectively.

4. A sea water self-desalination device based on a friction electromagnetic generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anode cavity and the cathode cavity are provided with electrode pieces on a side far away from the salt flow cavity.

5. A sea water self desalination device based on friction electromagnetic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The electrolyte is selected from K3[Fe(CN)6] or K4[Fe(CN)6] electrolyte.

6. A sea water self desalination device based on friction electromagnetic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, ​

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