A subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system, which comprises a monitoring pipe and a plurality of monitoring tubes arranged below the monitoring pipe, the monitoring pipe is filled with conductive liquid, the upper end of the monitoring tube is vertically and slidingly inserted into the monitoring pipe and is connected with the monitoring pipe in a sealing sliding mode, the upper end of the monitoring tube is provided with a wire, one end of the wire is exposed outside and does not contact the conductive liquid, the other end of the wire extends out of the monitoring pipe and is connected with a monitoring lamp, the monitoring lamp is located directly above the monitoring tube and is fixedly connected with the monitoring pipe; when the monitoring tube moves downward relative to the monitoring pipe, the one end of the wire contacts the conductive liquid, so that the monitoring lamp is lighted. The subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system has the advantages of small occupied area, no influence on subway construction operation in the foundation pit, simultaneous all-around and dead-angle-free monitoring on the whole foundation pit, full coverage of subway foundation pit settlement monitoring, high monitoring speed, high efficiency and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of subway construction, and in particular to a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] To prevent subway foundation pit settlement from affecting subway construction operations, existing technologies mostly rely on subway foundation pit settlement monitoring equipment. Common subway foundation pit settlement monitoring equipment includes patents with publication numbers CN220084002U, CN219794026U, CN213867972U, and CN220339363U. However, these existing subway foundation pit settlement monitoring devices either have a small monitoring range, requiring multiple devices to operate simultaneously to cover the entire large-area foundation pit (…). For example, as shown in patents with publication numbers CN220084002U and CN213867972U, the cost is high, or the equipment needs to be moved and the monitoring points changed constantly within a large area of ​​the foundation pit. Monitoring multiple points is required to meet the comprehensive monitoring needs of the entire foundation pit with a large area (for example, CN220339363U). This results in low monitoring efficiency or a large footprint (for example, CN219794026U), which encroaches on the construction space within the foundation pit and affects the construction operations within the foundation pit. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to propose a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system and method, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system, comprising a monitoring tube and multiple monitoring cylinders positioned below the monitoring tube. The monitoring tube is filled with conductive liquid. The upper end of each monitoring cylinder is vertically and slidably inserted into the monitoring tube and slidably connected to it in a sealed manner. A wire is provided at the upper end of each monitoring cylinder, with one end of the wire exposed and not in contact with the conductive liquid, and the other end of the wire extending out of the monitoring tube and connected to a monitoring light. The monitoring light is located directly above the monitoring cylinder and is fixedly connected to the monitoring tube.

[0005] When the monitoring tube moves downward relative to the monitoring tube, one end of the wire comes into contact with the conductive liquid, causing the monitoring light to illuminate.

[0006] The monitoring tube can be fixed to the bottom of the subway foundation pit, but is not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit. The monitoring cylinder can be tightly inserted into the soil below the bottom of the pit. When the subway foundation pit settles, it will drive the monitoring cylinder to descend synchronously, causing the monitoring cylinder to move down relative to the monitoring tube and turn on the monitoring light.

[0007] In one embodiment, multiple monitoring cylinders are located directly below the monitoring tube.

[0008] In one embodiment, the surface of the conductive liquid is covered with an anti-evaporation liquid.

[0009] In one embodiment, the monitoring lamp is located at the upper end of the monitoring tube;

[0010] The monitoring cylinder includes a sliding column, which is vertically arranged with its upper end extending into the monitoring tube and vertically sliding and sealingly connected to the monitoring tube. The upper end face of the sliding column is provided with a liquid storage hole, and the upper outer wall surface of the sliding column is provided with a through hole two communicating with the liquid storage hole. One end of the wire extends into the sliding column and protrudes from the bottom of the liquid storage hole. The wire and the sliding column are inserted and sealed and fixedly connected. The through hole two is located above the liquid surface of the conductive liquid.

[0011] In one embodiment, the monitoring cylinder further includes a screw cylinder, a cylinder cover, a first cylindrical body, a second cylindrical body, a square cylinder, and a conical head arranged coaxially. The upper end of the square cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the lower end of the first cylindrical body, the lower end of the square cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper end of the second cylindrical body, the lower end of the second cylindrical body is detachably and fixedly connected to the conical head, the upper end of the first cylindrical body is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover, the lower end of the screw cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover, and the lower end of the sliding column is inserted into the screw cylinder and screwed and fixedly connected to the screw cylinder.

[0012] An installation cylinder is coaxially arranged inside the cylindrical body. The installation cylinder and the cylindrical body are screwed and fixedly connected. The upper end of the installation cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover.

[0013] A connecting rod is coaxially arranged inside the square tube. The upper end of the connecting rod is only rotatably connected to the mounting cylinder, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected to the sliding cylinder. The sliding cylinder is axially slidably connected to the inner wall of the square tube. The mounting cylinder moves spirally inside the cylindrical body, which drives the connecting rod to move axially. The axial movement of the connecting rod drives the sliding cylinder to move axially inside the square tube.

[0014] The sliding cylinder includes a limiting cylinder and a pressure cylinder detachably and fixedly installed on the upper end of the limiting cylinder. The pressure cylinder and the limiting cylinder are coaxial. The pressure cylinder can slide axially against the inner wall of the square cylinder. A sliding plate is sandwiched between the limiting cylinder and the inner wall of the square cylinder. The sliding plate is against the outer wall of the limiting cylinder and the inner wall of the square cylinder. The upper end of the sliding plate is clamped by the pressure cylinder and the limiting cylinder. The axial sliding of the pressure cylinder against the inner wall of the square cylinder can drive the sliding plate to slide synchronously against the inner wall of the square cylinder. During the sliding process, the sliding plate is against the outer wall of the limiting cylinder. An oblique through hole is provided on the outer wall of the square cylinder. The lower end of the sliding plate slides into the oblique through hole. The axial sliding of the pressure cylinder against the inner wall of the square cylinder can drive the sliding plate to slide in the oblique through hole.

[0015] In one embodiment, the upper end of the cylindrical body 1 and the lower end of the mounting cylinder 1 are open and the lower end is closed. The lower end of the screw cylinder extends movably through the cylinder cover into the mounting cylinder 1 and is detachably and fixedly connected to the retaining ring 1.

[0016] In one embodiment, the upper end of the square tube is sealed and the lower end is open. Both the upper end of the square tube and the lower end of the cylindrical tube are provided with coaxial through holes three. The same connecting tube one is detachably and fixedly installed in the two through holes three, and the connecting rod passes through the connecting tube one.

[0017] In one embodiment, the upper end of the cylindrical body 2 is sealed and the lower end is open. The lower end of the square cylinder is detachably and fixedly mounted with an installation plate. Both the installation plate and the upper end of the cylindrical body 2 are provided with coaxial through holes 4. The same connecting cylinder 2 is detachably and fixedly mounted in the two through holes 4.

[0018] The lower end of the second cylindrical body is fitted onto the conical head and is detachably and fixedly connected to the conical head.

[0019] In one embodiment, a partition is fixedly installed inside the limiting cylinder, and pins are coaxially fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting rod. The diameter of the pins is smaller than the diameter of the connecting rod. The pin at the upper end of the connecting rod extends into the first mounting cylinder, and the pin at the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the partition. A second retaining ring is sleeved on the pin, and a locking pin is inserted to prevent the pin from moving axially, so that the pin can only rotate on its own inside the first mounting cylinder and on the partition.

[0020] Furthermore, this invention also proposes a method for monitoring the settlement of subway foundation pits, which involves performing the following steps using any of the aforementioned subway foundation pit settlement monitoring systems:

[0021] The monitoring tube is fixed to the bottom of the subway pit, but not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit;

[0022] Insert the monitoring tube firmly into the soil below the bottom of the pit, rotate the tube cover, and push the slide tube down through the connecting rod to push the lower end of the slide plate out of the square tube and insert it obliquely into the soil;

[0023] The rotating screw moves upward along the sliding column until the retaining ring one is in close contact with the lower surface of the cylinder cover. At the same time, the lowest point of the through hole two is flush with the surface of the conductive liquid, and the conductive liquid does not flow into the through hole two.

[0024] When the subway foundation pit settles, it will cause the monitoring cylinder to descend. The descent of the monitoring cylinder will pull the second through hole downward, allowing conductive liquid to flow into the second through hole. This will connect one end of the conductive wire and light up the monitoring light. The lighting up of the monitoring light at a certain position on the monitoring tube indicates that foundation pit settlement has occurred below that position.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system of this application occupies a small area, does not affect the subway construction operation in the foundation pit, and can simultaneously monitor the entire foundation pit in all directions without blind spots, achieving full coverage of subway foundation pit settlement monitoring. It has fast monitoring speed, high efficiency, and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 CC section view in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the image;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B in the image.

[0031] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0032] 1. Monitoring tube; 2. Conductive liquid; 3. Anti-evaporation liquid; 4. Through hole one; 5. Sealing ring; 6. Sliding column; 7. Liquid storage hole; 8. Wire; 9. Monitoring lamp; 10. Screw barrel; 11. Retaining ring one; 12. Through hole four; 13. Cylinder cover; 14. Mounting cylinder one; 15. Cylindrical body one; 16. Through hole two; 17. Pin; 18. Retaining ring two; 19. Locking pin; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Through hole three; 22. Connecting cylinder one; 23. Conical head; 24. Square cylinder; 25. Angled through hole; 26. Slide plate; 27. Cylindrical body two; 28. Mounting plate; 29. ​​Pressure cylinder; 30. Limiting cylinder; 31. Partition plate; 32. Connecting cylinder two. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0037] This invention proposes a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system. This subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system occupies a small area, does not affect subway construction operations in the foundation pit, and can simultaneously monitor the entire foundation pit in all directions without blind spots, achieving full coverage of subway foundation pit settlement monitoring. It has fast monitoring speed, high efficiency, and low cost.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system includes a monitoring pipe 1 and multiple monitoring cylinders located below the monitoring pipe 1. The monitoring pipe 1 is made of a hard, high-strength, and opaque material. This design can prevent stones from falling and damaging the monitoring pipe 1 or engineering vehicles from running over it during subway construction operations in the foundation pit, and can also reduce the evaporation of the conductive liquid 2 inside the monitoring pipe 1. Furthermore, the monitoring pipe 1 is treated with heat insulation to further reduce the evaporation of the conductive liquid 2 inside the monitoring pipe 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring tube 1 is filled with a conductive liquid 2. A common low-cost conductive liquid 2 is water. Further, as... Figure 3As shown, the surface of the conductive liquid 2 is covered with an anti-evaporation liquid 3. Common low-cost anti-evaporation liquid 3 is edible oil. The presence of anti-evaporation liquid 3 can further reduce water evaporation and prevent the large-scale evaporation of conductive liquid 2 from affecting the monitoring sensitivity of the subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 As shown, the upper end of the monitoring cylinder is vertically slidably inserted into the monitoring tube 1 and is slidably connected to the monitoring tube 1 in a sealed manner. A wire 8 is provided at the upper end of the monitoring cylinder. One end of the wire 8 is exposed and does not contact the conductive liquid 2. The other end of the wire 8 extends out of the monitoring tube 1 and is connected to the monitoring lamp 9. Because one end of the wire 8 is not conductive, the monitoring lamp 9 is in a normally off state. The monitoring lamp 9 is located directly above the monitoring cylinder and is fixedly connected to the monitoring tube 1. When the monitoring cylinder moves downward relative to the monitoring tube 1, one end of the wire 8 comes into contact with the conductive liquid 2. The conductive liquid 2 conducts the conductivity of one end of the wire 8, causing the monitoring lamp 9 to light up. This allows monitoring of whether the subway foundation pit has settled.

[0041] Specifically, the monitoring tube 1 can be fixed to the bottom of the subway foundation pit, but not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit. For example, the monitoring tube 1 can be fixedly connected to the support structure inside the foundation pit, or the monitoring tube 1 can be fixedly connected to the ground fixed equipment or the pit wall using a connector. In this case, the connector should be placed in a position that does not affect the subway construction operation inside the foundation pit. The monitoring cylinder can be tightly inserted into the soil below the bottom of the pit. In this way, when the subway foundation pit settles, the soil below the bottom of the pit will drive the monitoring cylinder to descend synchronously, causing the monitoring cylinder to move down relative to the monitoring tube 1 and light up the monitoring light 9, so as to achieve the purpose of monitoring whether the subway foundation pit has settled.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple monitoring tubes are located directly below monitoring pipe 1. The specific number of monitoring tubes can be determined according to the size of the foundation pit and the actual monitoring needs. At the same time, monitoring pipe 1 does not have to be a straight pipe. Monitoring pipe 1 can be designed according to the size of the foundation pit and the actual monitoring needs, as long as monitoring pipe 1 can be horizontally fixed at the bottom of the subway foundation pit and is not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit. This design can realize all-round monitoring of the entire foundation pit without blind spots, and achieve full coverage of subway foundation pit settlement monitoring. The diameter of monitoring pipe 1 can be designed to be small and horizontally fixed at the bottom of the subway foundation pit, occupying a small area and not affecting the subway construction operations in the foundation pit. Multiple monitoring tubes can monitor simultaneously, with fast monitoring speed, high efficiency, and low cost.

[0043] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring light 9 is located at the upper end of the monitoring tube 1. This design allows personnel to easily observe the status of the monitoring light 9 from a distance.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-4As shown, the specific structure of the monitoring cylinder includes a coaxially arranged sliding column 6, screw cylinder 10, cylinder cover 13, cylindrical body 15, cylindrical body 27, square cylinder 24, and conical head 23. The sliding column 6 is vertically arranged, and its upper end extends into the monitoring tube 1 through a through hole 4, and is vertically and slidably sealed to the monitoring tube 1. Figure 3 As shown, a sealing ring 5 is provided at the connection between the sliding column 6 and the monitoring tube 1. The sealing ring 5 is located inside the through hole 4 and is tightly fitted on the sliding column 6. The sealing ring 5 enables the sliding column 6 and the monitoring tube 1 to be vertically and slidingly sealed together to prevent leakage.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper end face of the sliding column 6 is provided with a liquid storage hole 7, and the upper outer wall surface of the sliding column 6 is provided with a through hole 2 16 communicating with the liquid storage hole 7. One end of the wire 8 extends into the sliding column 6 and protrudes from the bottom of the liquid storage hole 7. The wire 8 and the sliding column 6 are connected and sealed. The through hole 2 16 is located above the liquid surface of the conductive liquid 2. With this design, when the sliding column 6 moves down, the conductive liquid 2 enters the liquid storage hole 7 through the through hole 2 16, which conducts the wire 8 located at the bottom of the liquid storage hole 7 and lights up the monitoring light 9.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 As shown, the upper end of the square cylinder 24 is detachably and fixedly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body 15, the lower end of the square cylinder 24 is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylindrical body 27, and the lower end of the cylindrical body 27 is detachably and fixedly connected to the conical head 23. The conical head 23 facilitates easy insertion of the monitoring tube into the soil. The detachable and fixed connection between the cylindrical body 15, the cylindrical body 27, the square cylinder 24, and the conical head 23 facilitates the installation of the mounting cylinder 14 inside the cylindrical body 15, the installation of the sliding cylinder inside the square cylinder 24, and the assembly and disassembly of the mounting cylinder 14 and the sliding cylinder.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first cylindrical body 15 and the second cylindrical body 27 are circular, and the cross-section of the square cylindrical body 24 is square. The purpose of setting the square cylindrical body 24 is to allow the slide tube to slide smoothly up and down axially, thereby driving the slide plate 26 to slide smoothly, ensuring that the slide plate 26 can extend out of the square cylindrical body 24 and be tightly inserted into the soil at an angle to firmly fix the monitoring tube in the soil.

[0048] In this embodiment, the upper end of the cylindrical body 15 is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 13, the lower end of the screw cylinder 10 is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 13, and the lower end of the sliding pin 6 is inserted into the screw cylinder 10 and screwed and fixedly connected to the screw cylinder 10. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2As shown, the upper end of the cylindrical body 15 and the mounting cylinder 14 are open and the lower end is closed. The lower end of the screw cylinder 10 extends into the mounting cylinder 14 through the cylinder cover 13 and is detachably and fixedly connected to the retaining ring 11. The retaining ring 11 prevents the lower end of the screw cylinder 10 from moving upward and separating from the cylinder cover 13. The design of the sliding column 6 and the screw cylinder 10 being screwed and fixedly connected makes it convenient to rotate the screw cylinder 10 to move the screw cylinder 10 up and down relative to the sliding column 6. This allows for flexible adjustment of the position of the screw cylinder 10 according to the actual insertion depth of the cylinder cover 13, the cylindrical body 15, the cylindrical body 27, the square cylinder 24, and the conical head 23, so as to ensure that the retaining ring 11 can always be tightly attached to the lower surface of the cylinder cover 13, thereby accurately monitoring the settlement of the subway foundation pit.

[0049] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, an installation cylinder 14 is coaxially arranged inside the cylindrical body 15. The installation cylinder 14 and the cylindrical body 15 are screwed and fixedly connected. The upper end of the installation cylinder 14 is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 13. With this design, rotating the cylinder cover 13 can drive the installation cylinder 14 to spirally rise and fall inside the cylindrical body 15.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, a connecting rod 20 is coaxially arranged inside the square tube 24. The upper end of the connecting rod 20 is only rotatably connected to the mounting cylinder 14, and the lower end of the connecting rod 20 is connected to the sliding cylinder. The sliding cylinder is axially slidably connected to the inner wall of the square tube 24. The mounting cylinder 14 moves spirally inside the cylindrical body 15, driving the connecting rod 20 to move axially. The axial movement of the connecting rod 20 drives the sliding cylinder to move axially inside the square tube 24.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the square tube 24 is sealed and the lower end is open. Both the upper end of the square tube 24 and the lower end of the cylindrical body 15 are provided with coaxial through holes 21. The same connecting tube 22 is detachably and fixedly installed in the two through holes 21. For example, the connecting tube 22 and the two through holes 21 are threadedly connected and fixed. The connecting rod 20 passes through the connecting tube 22.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the sliding cylinder includes a limiting cylinder 30 and a pressure cylinder 29 that is detachably and fixedly installed on the upper end of the limiting cylinder 30, for example... Figure 4 The lower end of the pressure cylinder 29 shown is tightly inserted into the upper end of the limiting cylinder 30 and is fixedly connected to the limiting cylinder 30.

[0053] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the pressure cylinder 29 and the limiting cylinder 30 are coaxial. The pressure cylinder 29 can slide axially up and down against the inner wall of the square cylinder 24. A sliding plate 26 is sandwiched between the limiting cylinder 30 and the inner wall of the square cylinder 24. The sliding plate 26 is in close contact with the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 30 and the inner wall of the square cylinder 24. The upper end of the sliding plate 26 is bent and clamped and fixed by the pressure cylinder 29 and the limiting cylinder 30. With this design, the axial up and down sliding of the pressure cylinder 29 against the inner wall of the square cylinder 24 can drive the sliding plate 26 to slide synchronously up and down against the inner wall of the square cylinder 24. During the sliding process, the sliding plate 26 is in close contact with the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 30.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the square tube 24 is provided with an oblique through hole 25. The lower end of the sliding plate 26 is slidably inserted into the oblique through hole 25. With this design, the pressure cylinder 29 slides axially downward against the inner wall of the square tube 24, which can drive the sliding plate 26 to slide in the oblique through hole 25, so that the lower end of the sliding plate 26 extends out of the square tube 24 and inserts into the soil, enhancing the fixed connection between the monitoring tube and the soil. Conversely, when it is necessary to pull out the monitoring tube, controlling the pressure cylinder 29 to slide upward can drive the lower end of the sliding plate 26 back to the oblique through hole 25. If it is necessary to remove the slide tube from the square tube 24, the sliding cylinder 29 needs to be pushed up further to make the lower end of the slide plate 26 leave the inclined through hole 25 and enter the limiting cylinder 30. Then the slide tube moves down in the limiting cylinder 30, which can drive the slide plate 26 to move down and extend from the lower end of the limiting cylinder 30. When it is not necessary to remove the slide tube from the square tube 24, the lower end of the slide plate 26 is located in the inclined through hole 25 and does not separate from the inclined through hole 25, which can ensure that it will not affect the next time the slide plate 26 extends out of the square tube 24 and inserts into the soil.

[0055] Preferably, there are multiple oblique through holes 25 and sliding plates 26, which are evenly distributed on multiple outer walls of the square tube 24.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the cylindrical body 27 is sealed and the lower end is open. The lower end of the square cylindrical body 24 is detachably and fixedly mounted with an mounting plate 28. The upper ends of the mounting plate 28 and the cylindrical body 27 are both provided with coaxial through holes 12. The same connecting cylinder 32 is detachably and fixedly mounted in the two through holes 12. The lower end of the cylindrical body 27 is sleeved on the conical head 23 and is detachably and fixedly connected to the conical head 23.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a partition 31 is fixedly installed inside the limiting cylinder 30. Pins 17 are coaxially fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting rod 20. The diameter of the pins 17 is smaller than the diameter of the connecting rod 20. The pins 17 at the upper end of the connecting rod 20 extend into the mounting cylinder 14, and the pins 17 at the lower end of the connecting rod 20 pass through the partition 31. A retaining ring 18 is sleeved on the pins 17, and a locking pin 19 is inserted into it. With this design, the retaining ring 18 and the locking pin 19 can cooperate with the connecting rod 20 to prevent the pins 17 from moving axially, so that the pins 17 can only rotate on their own inside the mounting cylinder 14 and on the partition 31.

[0058] Furthermore, this invention also proposes a method for monitoring the settlement of subway foundation pits, which involves performing the following steps using any of the aforementioned subway foundation pit settlement monitoring systems:

[0059] The monitoring tube 1 is fixed to the bottom of the subway foundation pit, but not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit;

[0060] The monitoring tube is inserted tightly into the soil below the bottom of the pit. The rotating tube cover 13 drives the installation tube 14 to descend spirally. The connecting rod 20 pushes the slide tube down, pushing the lower end of the slide plate 26 out of the square tube 24 and inserting it obliquely into the soil.

[0061] Rotate the screw cylinder 10 upward along the slide column 6 until the retaining ring 11 is in close contact with the lower surface of the cylinder cover 13, and at the same time, the lowest point of the through hole 16 is flush with the surface of the conductive liquid 2, and the conductive liquid 2 does not flow into the through hole 16.

[0062] Connect wire 8 to the power supply. The installation of the subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system in this embodiment is now complete.

[0063] When the subway foundation pit settles, it will cause the monitoring cylinder to descend. The descent of the monitoring cylinder will pull the through hole 2 16 down, allowing the conductive liquid 2 to flow into the through hole 2 16. After the conductive liquid 2 flows to the bottom of the storage hole 7, it will connect one end of the conductive wire 8 and light up the monitoring light 9. The lighting up of the monitoring light 9 at a certain position on the monitoring tube 1 indicates that foundation pit settlement has occurred below that position.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system, characterized in that, The device includes a monitoring tube and multiple monitoring cylinders located below the monitoring tube. The monitoring tube is filled with conductive liquid. The upper end of each monitoring cylinder is vertically slidably inserted into the monitoring tube and is slidably and sealed to the monitoring tube. A wire is provided at the upper end of each monitoring cylinder. One end of the wire is exposed and does not come into contact with the conductive liquid. The other end of the wire extends out of the monitoring tube and is connected to a monitoring lamp. The monitoring lamp is located directly above the monitoring cylinder and is fixedly connected to the monitoring tube. When the monitoring tube moves downward relative to the monitoring tube, one end of the wire comes into contact with the conductive liquid, causing the monitoring light to illuminate. The monitoring tube can be fixed to the bottom of the subway foundation pit, but is not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit. The monitoring cylinder can be tightly inserted into the soil below the bottom of the pit. When the subway foundation pit settles, it will drive the monitoring cylinder to descend synchronously, causing the monitoring cylinder to move down relative to the monitoring tube and turn on the monitoring light. The monitoring light is located at the upper end of the monitoring tube; The monitoring cylinder includes a sliding column, which is vertically arranged with its upper end extending into the monitoring tube and vertically sliding and sealingly connected to the monitoring tube. The upper end face of the sliding column is provided with a liquid storage hole, and the upper outer wall surface of the sliding column is provided with a through hole two communicating with the liquid storage hole. One end of the wire extends into the sliding column and protrudes from the bottom of the liquid storage hole. The wire and the sliding column are inserted and sealed and fixedly connected. The through hole two is located above the liquid surface of the conductive liquid.

2. The subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple monitoring tubes are located directly below the monitoring tube.

3. The subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the conductive liquid is covered with an anti-evaporation liquid.

4. The subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring cylinder also includes a screw cylinder, a cylinder cover, a first cylindrical body, a second cylindrical body, a square cylinder, and a conical head arranged coaxially. The upper end of the square cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the lower end of the first cylindrical body, the lower end of the square cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper end of the second cylindrical body, the lower end of the second cylindrical body is detachably and fixedly connected to the conical head, the upper end of the first cylindrical body is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover, and the lower end of the screw cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover. The lower end of the sliding column is inserted into the screw cylinder and screwed and fixedly connected to the screw cylinder. An installation cylinder is coaxially arranged inside the cylindrical body. The installation cylinder and the cylindrical body are screwed and fixedly connected. The upper end of the installation cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected to the cylinder cover. A connecting rod is coaxially arranged inside the square tube. The upper end of the connecting rod is only rotatably connected to the mounting cylinder, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected to the sliding cylinder. The sliding cylinder is axially slidably connected to the inner wall of the square tube. The mounting cylinder moves spirally inside the cylindrical body, which drives the connecting rod to move axially. The axial movement of the connecting rod drives the sliding cylinder to move axially inside the square tube. The sliding cylinder includes a limiting cylinder and a pressure cylinder detachably and fixedly installed on the upper end of the limiting cylinder. The pressure cylinder and the limiting cylinder are coaxial. The pressure cylinder can slide axially against the inner wall of the square cylinder. A sliding plate is sandwiched between the limiting cylinder and the inner wall of the square cylinder. The sliding plate is against the outer wall of the limiting cylinder and the inner wall of the square cylinder. The upper end of the sliding plate is clamped by the pressure cylinder and the limiting cylinder. The axial sliding of the pressure cylinder against the inner wall of the square cylinder can drive the sliding plate to slide synchronously against the inner wall of the square cylinder. During the sliding process, the sliding plate is against the outer wall of the limiting cylinder. An oblique through hole is provided on the outer wall of the square cylinder. The lower end of the sliding plate slides into the oblique through hole. The axial sliding of the pressure cylinder against the inner wall of the square cylinder can drive the sliding plate to slide in the oblique through hole.

5. A subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The upper end of the cylindrical body 1 and the lower end of the mounting cylinder 1 are open and the lower end is closed. The lower end of the screw cylinder extends into the mounting cylinder 1 through the cylinder cover and is detachably and fixedly connected to the retaining ring 1.

6. The subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the square tube is sealed and the lower end is open. Both the upper end of the square tube and the lower end of the cylindrical body are provided with coaxial through holes three. The same connecting tube one is detachably and fixedly installed in the two through holes three. The connecting rod passes through the connecting tube one.

7. A subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The upper end of the cylindrical body 2 is sealed and the lower end is open. The lower end of the square cylinder is detachably and fixedly installed with an installation plate. Both the installation plate and the upper end of the cylindrical body 2 are provided with coaxial through holes 4. The same connecting cylinder 2 is detachably and fixedly installed in the two through holes 4. The lower end of the second cylindrical body is fitted onto the conical head and is detachably and fixedly connected to the conical head.

8. A subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A partition is fixedly installed inside the limiting cylinder. Pins are fixedly installed coaxially at both ends of the connecting rod. The diameter of the pins is smaller than the diameter of the connecting rod. The pin at the upper end of the connecting rod extends into the first mounting cylinder, and the pin at the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the partition. A second retaining ring is sleeved on the pin, and a locking pin is inserted to prevent the pin from moving axially, so that the pin can only rotate on its own inside the first mounting cylinder and on the partition.

9. A method for monitoring settlement of subway foundation pits, characterized in that, The following steps are performed using a subway foundation pit settlement monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-8: The monitoring tube is fixed to the bottom of the subway pit, but not fixedly connected to the bottom of the pit; Insert the monitoring tube firmly into the soil below the bottom of the pit, rotate the tube cover, and push the slide tube down through the connecting rod to push the lower end of the slide plate out of the square tube and insert it obliquely into the soil; The rotating screw moves upward along the sliding column until the retaining ring one is in close contact with the lower surface of the cylinder cover. At the same time, the lowest point of the through hole two is flush with the surface of the conductive liquid, and the conductive liquid does not flow into the through hole two. When the subway foundation pit settles, it will cause the monitoring cylinder to descend. The descent of the monitoring cylinder will pull the second through hole downward, allowing conductive liquid to flow into the second through hole. This will connect one end of the conductive wire and light up the monitoring light. The lighting up of the monitoring light at a certain position on the monitoring tube indicates that foundation pit settlement has occurred below that position.

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