A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields

Abstract

A method for building terraced fields to protect cultivated land and increase yields. The present invention belongs to the field of planting. The present invention aims to solve the problems of unsatisfactory soil and water conservation effects, large land occupation area, and poor yield improvement effects of terraced fields. The method for building terraced fields of the present invention: according to the designed cross-section, determine the corresponding positions, plow the land, pile up the plowed soil into mounds to form terraced field ridges; design the slope ratio of the terraced field ridges and the depth of the plowed pits, apply soil conditioner on the slopes formed by the terraced field ridges, and carry out tillage; set drainage ditches on both sides of the built terraced fields, and thus complete the construction of the terraced fields. The present invention significantly improves the soil and water conservation effect, prevents soil erosion, reduces the land occupation area, and increases the crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of planting, and particularly relates to a method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields. Background Art

[0002] Terraced fields are the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people in our country. Terraced fields have good soil and water conservation, water reduction and sediment reduction benefits. Converting sloping land into terraced fields plays an important role in controlling soil erosion and developing agricultural production, ranking first among various measures for controlling soil erosion. The stability and sustainability of the soil and water conservation benefits of terraced fields are of great importance for ensuring high-efficiency agricultural production and food security. However, the conventional ridge of terraced fields has an unsatisfactory effect on soil and water conservation, wastes 20% of the land area, greatly restricts the yield, and although the current soil improvers can somewhat increase the crop yield, further improvement is still needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of unsatisfactory soil and water conservation effect of terraced fields, large floor area, and poor yield improvement effect. And to provide a method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields.

[0004] A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to the present invention is carried out as follows:

[0005] (1) Measure the land to be built into terraced fields and clean the surface soil;

[0006] (2) According to the designed cross-section, determine the positions of NO1, NO2, and NO3, and symmetrically determine the positions of NO4 and NO5 with NO3 as the center point, insert marking stakes, and pull a standard cross-section with a rope at a certain distance interval;

[0007] (3) Plow the area between NO1 and NO2, and pile up the plowed soil in the area between NO2 and NO3. At the same time, plow the area between NO5 and NO4, and pile up the plowed soil in the area between NO4 and NO3 to form a terraced field ridge; the depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or the area between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4;

[0008] Let the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO1 and NO2 face down the slope, with a depth of h1, and the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO2 and NO4 face up the slope, with a depth of h2;

[0009] The terraced fields are built with multiple terraced field ridges from top to bottom, and are built in the pattern of interval terraced field ridge - terraced field ridge - terraced field ridge - interval terraced field ridge from top to bottom;

[0010] For the terraced ridge mentioned above, h1:h2 = 1:2 - 4; the area between NO2 and NO4 forms a ridge slope ratio of 1:3 - 7 and a height of 0.3 - 0.7 m;

[0011] The area between NO2 and NO4 of the spaced terraced ridge forms a terraced ridge with a ridge slope ratio of 1:2 - 5 and a height of 0.4 - 0.8 m, and h1:h2 = 3 - 5:1;

[0012] The slope ratio of the slope formed by the spaced terraced ridge to the slope formed by the terraced ridge is 1:2 - 3;

[0013] (4) Apply a soil conditioner to the slope formed by the terraced ridge mentioned above and plow it.

[0014] (5) Set drainage ditches on both sides of the constructed terraced fields, and the construction of the terraced fields is completed.

[0015] Further, the depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or the area between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4. The included angle between the surface of the area between NO1 and NO2 and the surface of the area between NO2 and NO3 is 130 - 180 degrees, and the included angle between the surface of the area between NO5 and NO4 and the plane of the area between NO4 and NO3 is 100 - 150 degrees.

[0016] Further, there is a black soil layer in the slope mentioned above, and the thickness of the black soil layer is greater than 30 cm.

[0017] Further, the ratio of the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope formed by the spaced terraced ridge to the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope formed by the terraced ridge is 1:2 - 4.

[0018] Further, kidney beans or corn are planted in the terraced fields mentioned above.

[0019] Further, kidney beans are planted in the terraced fields mentioned above. The soil conditioner is composed of 10 - 20 parts by weight of peanut bran, 18 - 25 parts of peat, 5 - 10 parts of humic acid, 10 - 20 parts of fly ash, 5 - 9 parts of diatomite, 60 - 90 parts of slaked lime, 2 - 5 parts of beer sludge, and 4 - 8 parts of amino acids.

[0020] Further, kidney beans are planted in the terraced fields mentioned above. Before planting kidney beans, a soil conditioner is applied. The planting method of kidney beans is as follows:

[0021] The planting density in the slope formed by the spaced terraced ridge is 2 - 3 times that in the slope formed by the terraced ridge.

[0022] Further, corn is planted in the terraced fields. The soil conditioner is composed of 10 - 20 parts by weight of volcanic ash, 18 - 25 parts of plant ash, 5 - 10 parts of humic acid, 10 - 20 parts of fly ash, 5 - 9 parts of bentonite, 2 - 5 parts of furfural residue, and 6 - 10 parts of earthworm manure; and 120 - 160 kg·hm -2 of nitrogen fertilizer is applied.

[0023] Further, corn is planted in the terraced fields. Before planting corn, a soil conditioner is applied. The planting method of kidney beans is as follows:

[0024] After planting corn, 120 - 160 kg·hm -2 of nitrogen fertilizer is applied. The planting density of corn near the terraced field ridge is greater than that far from the terraced field ridge.

[0025] Further, the surface soil cleaning is to deeply plow the soil by 20 - 30 cm, and clean the topsoil 5 m wide on both sides with the baseline as the center.

[0026] The terraced field planning principle of the present invention

[0027] 1. When planning wide - bottomed soft - ridge terraced fields, according to different natural conditions, plan from top to bottom on the slope surface in the small watershed. It should be arranged unifiedly with roads, forest belts, etc. Taking the principle of cost - saving and high - efficiency, with the purpose of rational utilization of water and soil resources and harnessing advantages and eliminating disadvantages.

[0028] 2. The planned ridges should be conducive to mechanized farming and the development of terraced field irrigation.

[0029] 3. The layout of terraced field ridges. According to the requirements of regional planting and different types of terrain positions, lay transverse ridges on a single - slope land, lay circumferential ridges on a round - topped mountain land, lay contour ridges on a "money - bag" land, and lay crescent - shaped ridges on a pyramid - shaped land. It is necessary to cut and fill largely, cut high and fill low depressions, and build wide - bottomed soft - ridge terraced fields.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] Through years of research, the present invention has conducted various researches in the construction of terraced fields and finally obtained the terraced field construction plan of this embodiment. The main function of terraced fields is to conserve water and soil. Especially during the rainy season or in areas with large rainfall, the construction of terraced fields is of great significance for soil and water conservation. In order to improve the soil and water conservation effect of terraced fields, the present invention finds through research that the design of terraced field ridges and the design of terraced field slopes play an important role in soil and water conservation. For this reason, the present invention designs wide - bottomed soft - ridge terraced fields to achieve the purpose of water storage, soil conservation, fertilizer preservation and yield increase, significantly improving the soil and water conservation effect and preventing soil erosion. Combining with various factors such as the local soil conditions and climate in Baiquan County, a soil conditioner for kidney beans and corn is designed, significantly increasing the yields of kidney beans and corn. The terraced fields of the present invention are based on 2 hm 2Taking the sloping cultivated land as an example, it saves 0.16 hm 2 compared with the sloping terrace, and saves 0.25 hm 2 . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of the terrace ridge of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the spirit of the content disclosed by the present invention will be described in detail below. After any person skilled in the art in the relevant technical field understands the embodiments of the content of the present invention, the techniques taught by the content of the present invention can be changed and modified, which does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the content of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] A method for building terraces to protect cultivated land and increase yields in this embodiment is carried out according to the following content:

[0036] (1) Measure the terraced land to be built in Baiquan County and clean the surface soil; the cleaning of the surface soil is to deeply plow the soil by 20 - 30 cm and clear the topsoil 5 m wide on both sides with the baseline as the center;

[0037] (2) According to the designed cross-section, determine the positions of NO1, NO2, and NO3, and symmetrically determine the positions of NO4 and NO5 with NO3 as the center point, insert stake markers, and pull a standard cross-section with a rope at a certain distance interval;

[0038] (3) Plow the area between NO1 and NO2, and pile up the plowed soil in the area between NO2 and NO3. At the same time, plow the area between NO5 and NO4, and pile up the plowed soil in the area between NO4 and NO3 to form a terrace ridge; the depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or the area between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4;

[0039] Suppose the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO1 and NO2 faces down the slope, with a depth of h1, and the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO2 and NO4 faces up the slope, with a depth of h2;

[0040] The terraces are built with multiple terrace ridges from top to bottom, and are built in the pattern of interval terrace ridge - terrace ridge - terrace ridge - interval terrace ridge from top to bottom;

[0041] The h1:h2 of the terrace ridge is 1:3; the ridge slope ratio of the area between NO2 and NO4 is 1:5, with a height of 0.5 m;

[0042] In the area between NO2 and NO4 of the spaced terrace ridges, a terrace ridge with a ridge slope ratio of 1:3 and a height of 0.6 m is formed, where h1:h2 = 4:1;

[0043] The slope ratio of the slope formed by the spaced terrace ridges to the slope formed by the terrace ridges is 1:3;

[0044] (4) Apply a soil conditioner to the slope formed by the terrace ridge and plow it;

[0045] (5) Set drainage ditches on both sides of the constructed terrace, and the construction of the terrace is completed.

[0046] The depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4. The included angle between the surface of the area between NO1 and NO2 and the surface of the area between NO2 and NO3 is 130 - 180 degrees, and the included angle between the surface of the area between NO5 and NO4 and the plane of the area between NO4 and NO3 is 100 - 150 degrees.

[0047] There is a black soil layer in the slope, and the thickness of the black soil layer is greater than 30 cm.

[0048] The ratio of the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope formed by the spaced terrace ridges to the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope formed by the terrace ridges is 1:3.

[0049] Kidney beans are planted in the terrace.

[0050] Kidney beans are planted in the terrace. The soil conditioner is composed of 10 - 20 parts by weight of peanut bran, 18 - 25 parts of peat, 5 - 10 parts of humic acid, 10 - 20 parts of fly ash, 5 - 9 parts of diatomite, 60 - 90 parts of slaked lime, 2 - 5 parts of beer sludge, and 4 - 8 parts of amino acid. Before planting kidney beans, the soil conditioner is applied. The planting method of kidney beans is: the planting density in the slope formed by the spaced terrace ridges is 2 - 3 times that in the slope formed by the terrace ridges. The application amount of the soil conditioner is 500 g / mu.

[0051] In this embodiment, the effects of different forms of terrace ridges and slope angles on soil and water conservation are investigated during the construction of the terrace. Considering various factors such as the local soil conditions and climate in Baiquan County, it is finally concluded that the "terraced field with a wide bottom and soft ridge" has significantly better effects than other forms.

[0052] Terrace ridge one: For the terrace ridge, h1:h2 = 1:3; in the area between NO2 and NO4, a ridge slope ratio of 1:1 and a height of 0.5 m are formed. The others are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Terrace ridge two: For the described terrace ridge, h1:h2 = 1:1; the area between NO2 and NO4 forms a ridge slope ratio of 1:5 and a height of 0.5 m. Others are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Terrace ridge three: For the described terrace ridge, h1:h2 = 1:1; the area between NO2 and NO4 forms a ridge slope ratio of 1:1 and a height of 0.5 m. Others are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Terrace ridge four: The area between NO2 and NO4 of the spaced terrace ridges forms a terrace ridge with a ridge slope ratio of 1:1 and a height of 0.6 m, and h1:h2 = 4:1. Others are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Terrace ridge five: The area between NO2 and NO4 of the spaced terrace ridges forms a terrace ridge with a ridge slope ratio of 1:3 and a height of 0.6 m, and h1:h2 = 1:1. Others are the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Terrace ridge six: The area between NO2 and NO4 of the spaced terrace ridges forms a terrace ridge with a ridge slope ratio of 1:1 and a height of 0.6 m, and h1:h2 = 1:1. Others are the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Terrace ridge seven: The included angle between the surface of the area between NO1 and NO2 and the surface of the area between NO2 and NO3 is 180 degrees, and the included angle between the surface of the area between NO5 and NO4 and the plane of the area between NO4 and NO3 is 180 degrees.

[0059] Blank control: Near the terraces built in Example 1 in Baiquan County, a sloping land was selected as the blank control plot to investigate the soil and water loss situation of the terraces after being impacted by rain.

[0060] Under the condition of continuous rainfall for 3 h 35 min with a rainfall of 102 mm in the terrace area, the soil and water loss situations of Example 1 and Terrace ridges one to seven were investigated, as shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Soil and water loss results

[0062]

[0063] Note: The reduction rate of surface runoff is the reduction amount of surface runoff of the experimental group (Example 1 and Terrace ridges one to seven) compared with the blank control; the reduction rate of soil loss amount is the reduction amount of soil loss amount of the experimental group (Example 1 and Terrace ridges one to seven) compared with the blank control.

[0064] As can be seen from Table 1, in Example 1, by improving the slope ratio of the terraced field ridge and the depth ratio of the deep ditches dug on both sides, the soil and water conservation effect can be significantly enhanced, preventing soil and water loss. However, compared with Example 1, when the slope ratio, depth ratio, and the included angle between the deep ditch and the terraced field ridge are changed, the soil and water conservation effect is significantly reduced.

[0065] In view of the local soil conditions in Baiquan County, the present invention provides a soil conditioner specifically designed for kidney beans. The designed soil conditioner, namely beer sludge, fly ash, and slaked lime, can significantly promote the growth of kidney beans; peanut bran, humic acid, and amino acids provide nutrients for kidney beans, increasing the yield of kidney beans. The soil conditioner produced by Henan Province Locomotive Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. is used as the positive control in the present invention; omitting the components of "slaked lime, beer sludge, fly ash" in the soil conditioner of Example 1 is used as Control Group 1, and omitting the components of "peanut bran, humic acid, amino acids" in the soil conditioner of Example 1 is used as Control Group 2 to investigate the effects of different soil conditioners on the yield of kidney beans, as shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2 Kidney Bean Yield

[0067] Yield (kg / hectare) Example 1 13826 Control Group 1 13062 Control Group 2 13295 Positive Control Group 13458

[0068] It can be determined from Table 2 that the soil conditioner provided in Example 1 has significantly increased the yield of kidney beans compared with the positive control group. Moreover, based on Control Group 1 and Control Group 2, it can be clearly seen that the "beer sludge, fly ash, slaked lime" in the soil conditioner of Example 1 plays an important role and significantly increases the yield. Moreover, "peanut bran, humic acid, amino acids" also have obvious effects on increasing the yield. Moreover, there is a black soil layer in the slope surface of Example 1, and the setting of the ratio of the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope surface formed by the spaced terraced field ridges to the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope surface formed by the terraced field ridges can effectively prevent the loss of black soil and make full use of the nutrients of black soil, providing important help for increasing the yield of kidney beans. It can be said that by adding the soil conditioner in this example, the yield of kidney beans can be significantly increased, far exceeding the efficacy of the current soil conditioners, and the yield increase effect per hectare of kidney beans is even close to the effect of kidney bean fertilizer.

[0069] In terms of floor area analysis, for a sloping cultivated land of 2 hm 2 , the wide-bottom soft-ridge terraced field in Example 1 saves 0.16 hm 2 compared with the sloping terraced field and saves 0.25 hm 2 .

[0070] Example 2

[0071] A method for building terraced fields to protect cultivated land and increase yield in this example is carried out according to the following content:

[0072] (1) Measure the terraced fields to be built in Baiquan County and clean the surface soil; the cleaning of the surface soil is to deeply plow the soil by 20 - 30 cm and clear the topsoil 5 m wide on both sides with the baseline as the center;

[0073] (2) According to the designed cross-section, determine the positions of NO1, NO2, and NO3, and symmetrically determine the positions of NO4 and NO5 with NO3 as the center point, insert stake markers, and pull a standard cross-section with a rope at a certain distance interval;

[0074] (3) Plow the area between NO1 and NO2, and pile up the plowed soil in the area between NO2 and NO3. At the same time, plow the area between NO5 and NO4, and pile up the plowed soil in the area between NO4 and NO3 to form a terraced field ridge; the depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or the area between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4;

[0075] Assume that the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO1 and NO2 faces downhill with a depth of h1, and the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO2 and NO4 faces uphill with a depth of h2;

[0076] The terraced fields are built with multiple terraced field ridges from top to bottom, and are built in the pattern of interval terraced field ridge - terraced field ridge - terraced field ridge - interval terraced field ridge from top to bottom;

[0077] For the terraced field ridge, h1:h2 = 1:3; the slope ratio of the ridge slope in the area between NO2 and NO4 is 1:5, and the height is 0.5 m;

[0078] For the interval terraced field ridge, the slope ratio of the ridge slope in the area between NO2 and NO4 is 1:3, and the height of the terraced field ridge is 0.6 m, h1:h2 = 4:1;

[0079] The slope ratio of the slope formed by the interval terraced field ridge to the slope formed by the terraced field ridge is 1:3;

[0080] (4) Apply a soil conditioner to the slope formed by the terraced field ridge and plow it;

[0081] (5) Set drainage ditches on both sides of the built terraced fields, and the construction of the terraced fields is completed.

[0082] The depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or the area between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4. The included angle between the surface of the area between NO1 and NO2 and the surface of the area between NO2 and NO3 is 130 - 180 degrees, and the included angle between the surface of the area between NO5 and NO4 and the plane of the area between NO4 and NO3 is 100 - 150 degrees.

[0083] The slope surface has a black soil layer with a thickness greater than 30 cm.

[0084] The ratio of the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope surface formed by the spaced terrace ridges to the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope surface formed by the terrace ridges is 1:3.

[0085] Corn is planted in the terraced fields. The soil conditioner is composed of 10 - 20 parts by weight of volcanic ash, 18 - 25 parts of plant ash, 5 - 10 parts of humic acid, 10 - 20 parts of fly ash, 5 - 9 parts of bentonite, 2 - 5 parts of furfural residue, and 6 - 10 parts of earthworm manure; and 120 - 160 kg·hm -2 of nitrogen fertilizer is applied. After planting corn, 120 - 160 kg·hm -2 of nitrogen fertilizer is applied. The planting density of the corn near the terrace ridge is greater than that far from the terrace ridge. The application amount of the soil conditioner is 400 g / mu.

[0086] In view of the local soil conditions in Baiquan County, the present invention has designed a soil conditioner specifically for corn. The combination of the components of "volcanic ash, humic acid, furfural residue, and earthworm manure" in the designed soil conditioner has a significant effect on improving the local soil in Baiquan County, can increase the yield of corn, and takes the omission of "volcanic ash, humic acid, furfural residue, and earthworm manure" in the soil conditioner of Example 2 as Control Group 1, and the omission of "plant ash, fly ash, and bentonite" in the soil conditioner of Example 2 as Control Group 2, and takes the soil conditioner produced by Henan Locomotive Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. as the positive control. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3 Corn Yield

[0088] Yield (kg / hectare) Example 1 12549 Control Group 1 11024 Control Group 12007 Positive Control Group 12172

[0089] It can be determined from Table 3 that the soil conditioner provided in Example 1 has a very obvious effect on increasing the yield of corn. Compared with the positive control, it is still significantly increased. After the components of "volcanic ash, humic acid, furfural residue, and earthworm manure" are omitted in the control group, the corn yield decreases significantly. However, for Control Group 2 that omits "plant ash, fly ash, and bentonite", there is no obvious decrease compared with Control Group 1. There is a black soil layer in the slope surface of Example 2, and the setting of the ratio of the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope surface formed by the spaced terrace ridges to the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope surface formed by the terrace ridges can effectively prevent the loss of black soil. It is designed according to the soil environment in Baiquan County, enabling the corn planted in the terraced fields to make full use of the soil nutrients and increasing the yield of corn.

Claims

1. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields, characterized in that It is carried out as follows: (1) Measure the terraced fields to be built and clean the surface soil; (2) According to the designed cross-section, determine the positions of NO1, NO2, and NO3, and taking NO3 as the center point, symmetrically determine the positions of NO4 and NO5, insert stake markers, and pull a standard cross-section with a rope at a certain interval; (3) Plow the area between NO1 and NO2, and pile up the plowed soil to the area between NO2 and NO3. At the same time, plow the area between NO5 and NO4, and pile up the plowed soil to the area between NO4 and NO3 to form a terraced field ridge; the depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4; Let the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO1 and NO2 face down the slope, with a depth of h1, and the slope of the soil pile in the area between NO4 and NO5 face up the slope, with a depth of h2; The terraced fields are built with multiple terraced field ridges from top to bottom, and are built in the way of interval terraced field ridge - terraced field ridge - terraced field ridge - interval terraced field ridge from top to bottom; For the terraced field ridge, h1:h2 = 1:2 - 4; the ridge slope ratio of the area between NO2 and NO4 is 1:3 - 7, and the height is 0.3 - 0.7 m; For the interval terraced field ridge, the area between NO2 and NO4 forms a terraced field ridge with a ridge slope ratio of 1:2 - 5 and a height of 0.4 - 0.8 m, and h1:h2 = 3 - 5:1; The slope ratio of the slope formed by the interval terraced field ridge to the slope formed by the terraced field ridge is 1:2 - 3; (4) Apply a soil conditioner to the slope formed by the terraced field ridge and carry out plowing; (5) Set drainage ditches on both sides of the built terraced fields, and the construction of the terraced fields is completed; Kidney beans or corn are planted in the terraced fields; Kidney beans are planted in the terraced fields. The soil conditioner is composed of 10 - 20 parts by weight of peanut bran, 18 - 25 parts of peat, 5 - 10 parts of humic acid, 10 - 20 parts of fly ash, 5 - 9 parts of diatomite, 60 - 90 parts of slaked lime, 2 - 5 parts of beer sludge, and 4 - 8 parts of amino acids; Corn is planted in the terraced fields. The soil conditioner is composed of 10 - 20 parts by weight of volcanic ash, 18 - 25 parts of plant ash, 5 - 10 parts of humic acid, 10 - 20 parts of fly ash, 5 - 9 parts of bentonite, 2 - 5 parts of furfural residue and 6 - 10 parts of earthworm manure; and 120 - 160 kg·hm -2 of nitrogen fertilizer is applied.

2. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to claim 1, characterized in that The depth of the area between NO1 and NO2 or between NO5 and NO4 is set from deep to shallow from NO1 to NO2 or from NO5 to NO4. The included angle between the surface of the area between NO1 and NO2 and the surface of the area between NO2 and NO3 is 130 - 180 degrees, and the included angle between the surface of the area between NO5 and NO4 and the plane of the area between NO4 and NO3 is 100 - 150 degrees.

3. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that There is a black soil layer in the slope, and the thickness of the black soil layer is greater than 30 cm.

4. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to claim 3, characterized in that The ratio of the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope formed by the interval terraced field ridge to the thickness of the black soil layer in the slope formed by the terraced field ridge is 1:2 - 4.

5. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to claim 1, characterized in that Kidney beans are planted in the terraced fields. Before planting kidney beans, a soil conditioner is applied. The planting method of kidney beans is as follows: The planting density in the slope formed by the interval terraced field ridge is 2 - 3 times that in the slope formed by the terraced field ridge.

6. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to claim 1, characterized in that Corn is planted in the terraced fields. Before planting the corn, a soil conditioner is applied. The corn planting method is as follows: After planting corn, apply 120 - 160 kg·hm -2 of nitrogen fertilizer. The planting density of the corn near the terrace ridge is greater than that far from the terrace ridge.

7. A method for building terraced fields to protect arable land and increase yields according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface soil cleaning is to deeply plow the soil by 20 - 30 cm and clear the topsoil 5 m wide to both sides with the baseline as the center.

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