Cutterhead flushing device and shield machine

Abstract

The present application provides a cutter disc flushing device and a shield machine, which relate to the technical field of shield machines, in order to solve the problem of poor flushing effect of the cutter disc in the related art. The cutter disc flushing device includes a flushing nozzle, a mounting shell, a flushing assembly and a driving assembly. The flushing nozzle is arranged on the outer surface of the cutter disc; the driving assembly is arranged at the end of the mounting shell away from the flushing nozzle, and the driving assembly drives the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle; the flushing assembly is connected to the mounting shell, and at least two flushing nozzles are provided on the flushing nozzle. A channel outlet is provided on the side of the flushing assembly close to the flushing nozzle. When the driving assembly drives the movable nozzle to rotate and the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid reaches the flushing nozzle via the flushing assembly and the channel outlet in turn, and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the cutter disc via the flushing nozzle. During the application process, the present application can convert the flushing direction, thereby expanding the flushing range, and effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutter disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular to a cutterhead flushing device and a shield machine. Background Art

[0002] Shield machines, with their advantages of safety, efficiency, reliability, and environmental friendliness, have been widely used in the construction of tunnels for intercity railways, river crossings, and sea crossings. As their application areas expand, the geological conditions they face are becoming increasingly complex.

[0003] When a shield machine traverses complex strata such as clay, silty clay, and muddy siltstone, the strong viscosity of the soil and the poor fluidity of the excavated material cause it to easily accumulate and form a mud cake on the cutterhead, seriously affecting construction efficiency and safety. In related technologies, flushing nozzles are typically installed on the cutterhead to flush the cutterhead with high-pressure water. However, this flushing method has a limited range and poor flushing effect on the cutterhead. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a cutterhead flushing device and a shield machine, which can change the flushing direction during application, thereby expanding the flushing range and effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutterhead.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a cutter disc flushing device, which is arranged on the cutter disc; the cutter disc flushing device includes a flushing nozzle, a mounting shell, a flushing assembly and a drive assembly, the flushing nozzle is used to be arranged on the outer surface of the cutter disc, the mounting shell is used to be arranged on the inner surface of the cutter disc, the mounting shell has a mounting cavity, and the mounting cavity is connected to the flushing nozzle; a movable nozzle is provided in the mounting cavity, the drive assembly is arranged at the end of the mounting shell away from the flushing nozzle, the drive assembly is connected to the movable nozzle, and Used to drive the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle; the flushing component is connected to the mounting shell, and at least two flushing nozzles are provided on the flushing nozzle, and the flushing directions of at least two of the flushing nozzles are toward different positions of the outer surface of the cutter disc. The flushing component is provided with a channel outlet on the side close to the flushing nozzle. When the driving component drives the movable nozzle to rotate and the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid reaches the flushing nozzle through the flushing component and the channel outlet in sequence, and is sprayed toward the outer surface of the cutter disc through the flushing nozzle.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the flushing assembly includes a water supply pipe and a flushing channel, the water supply pipe is connected to the mounting shell, the flushing channel is arranged in the movable nozzle, the water supply pipe is communicated with the flushing channel, and the channel outlet is opened on the side of the flushing channel close to the flushing nozzle; the flushing liquid reaches the flushing nozzle in sequence through the water supply pipe, the flushing channel and the channel outlet.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the flushing nozzle includes a central nozzle and multiple outer nozzles, and the multiple outer nozzles are spaced around the circumference of the central nozzle. The flushing direction of the central nozzle is toward the center position of the outer surface of the cutter disc, and the flushing directions of the multiple outer nozzles are respectively toward the edge positions of the outer surface of the cutter disc; when the channel outlet and the central nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the center position of the outer surface of the cutter disc through the central nozzle; or, when the channel outlet and the outer nozzles are aligned, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the edge position of the outer surface of the cutter disc through the outer nozzle; or, when the channel outlet and the central nozzle and the outer nozzles are aligned at the same time, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the center position and edge position of the outer surface of the cutter disc at the same time.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the water supply pipeline includes a high-pressure pipeline, the flushing channel includes a high-pressure channel, and the high-pressure pipeline and the high-pressure channel are correspondingly connected; the channel outlet includes a high-pressure channel outlet, and the high-pressure channel outlet is opened on the side of the high-pressure channel close to the flushing nozzle. When the high-pressure channel outlet and the flushing nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid is sprayed out through the high-pressure channel outlet and the flushing nozzle.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the water supply pipeline includes a mud pipeline, the flushing channel includes a mud channel, and the mud pipeline and the mud channel are correspondingly connected; the channel outlet includes a mud channel outlet, and the mud channel outlet is opened on the side of the mud channel close to the flushing nozzle; when the mud channel outlet and the flushing nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid is sprayed out through the mud channel outlet and the flushing nozzle.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the high-pressure channel outlet is opened on the side wall of the high-pressure channel, and / or the mud channel outlet is opened on the side wall of the mud channel; and / or the mud channel has a top outlet near the top of the flushing nozzle.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the driving assembly includes a fixed frame and a driving member arranged on the fixed frame, the fixed frame is connected to the end of the mounting shell facing away from the flushing nozzle, the driving member is connected to the movable nozzle, and the driving member is used to drive the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a gate is provided at an end of the mounting shell close to the fixing frame, the driving member drives the movable nozzle to extend and retract, and when the movable nozzle retracts and passes through the gate, the gate is closed.

[0013] In a possible implementation, an annular sealing member is provided on the outside of the movable nozzle, and when the driving member drives the movable nozzle to rotate, the movable nozzle is sealed by the sealing member.

[0014] The second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a shield machine, comprising at least a cutter disc, a shield body and a cutter disc flushing device, wherein the cutter disc is connected to the shield body, the cutter disc is located at the front end of the shield machine, a through hole is provided on the cutter disc, a flushing nozzle of the cutter disc flushing device is arranged on the outer surface of the cutter disc, and an installation shell of the cutter disc flushing device is arranged on the inner surface of the cutter disc, and the flushing nozzle and the installation shell are communicated through the through hole of the cutter disc.

[0015] The present application provides a cutterhead flushing device and a shield machine. The cutterhead flushing device includes a flushing nozzle, a mounting housing, a flushing assembly, and a drive assembly. This device can effectively flush the cutterhead, thereby preventing mud cake from forming on the cutterhead. The drive assembly rotates the movable nozzle, thereby adjusting the angle of the channel outlet and changing the flushing direction according to flushing needs. The movable nozzle has multiple flushing directions, which can be switched during use, thereby helping to expand the flushing range of the cutterhead. With the same number of nozzles, the device can achieve better mud flushing and mud cake prevention effects, effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutterhead.

[0016] The structure of the present application and its other application objectives and beneficial effects will be more clearly understood through the description of the preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter head flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the movable nozzle of the cutter head flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the movable nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present application in a working state;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the movable nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present application in a closed state;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter head flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present application when in a maintenance operation state;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the movable nozzle, drive member and gate of the cutter disc flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present application when in a maintenance operation state.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 100-cutter head flushing device;

[0026] 110- flushing nozzle; 111- flushing nozzle; 1111- center nozzle;

[0027] 1112 - outer nozzle; 120 - mounting housing; 121 - mounting cavity;

[0028] 130-Flushing assembly; 131-Water supply pipeline; 1311-High-pressure pipeline;

[0029] 1312- Mud pipeline; 132- Flushing channel; 1321- High-pressure channel;

[0030] 1322-high pressure channel outlet; 1323-mud channel; 1324-mud channel outlet;

[0031] 1325-top outlet; 140-drive assembly; 141-fixed bracket;

[0032] 142-driving element; 150-movable nozzle; 160-gate;

[0033] 170-seal;

[0034] 200- Shield machine; 210- Cutterhead; 220- Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] When a shield machine passes through complex strata such as clay layers, silty clay layers, and muddy siltstone, due to the strong viscosity of the soil and the poor fluidity of the debris, the debris easily accumulates and forms mud cakes on the cutterhead, seriously affecting construction efficiency and safety. In related technologies, mud pipelines and flushing nozzles are generally arranged on the cutterhead, and high-pressure water is used to flush the cutterhead, which is an important measure to prevent mud cakes from forming on the cutterhead. However, in actual application, conventional nozzles have a fixed flushing direction and a limited flushing range, and the number of nozzles is limited by the cutterhead layout space and the main pipeline flow rate; in addition, the debris situation at the face is complex, and conventional flushing nozzles wear quickly and are easily buried and blocked. They are also difficult to clean and replace during shield excavation, resulting in a poor flushing effect on the cutterhead.

[0036] Based on the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a cutter disc flushing device and a shield machine. The cutter disc flushing device includes a flushing nozzle, a mounting shell, a flushing assembly, and a drive assembly. In this way, the flushing nozzle can effectively flush the cutter disc, thereby preventing the cutter disc from being clogged by mud cakes. The drive assembly drives the movable nozzle to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the channel outlet and changing the flushing direction according to the flushing needs. The movable nozzle has multiple flushing directions, and the flushing direction can be switched during application, thereby helping to expand the flushing range of the cutter disc. With the same number of nozzles, it has better mud flushing and mud cake prevention effects, effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutter disc.

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a shield machine 200, which is used in a tunnel to construct tunnel strata. The shield machine 200 includes at least a cutterhead 210 and a shield body. "At least including" means that in addition to the cutterhead 210 and the shield body, the shield machine 200 may also include other structures such as a slag discharge device, a screw conveyor, and a rear trailer. This embodiment of the present application does not elaborate on this.

[0039] The shield body consists of a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield, with the middle shield connected between the front and tail shields. Specifically, the front shield is located on the side of the shield machine 200 closer to the tunneling end, while the tail shield is located on the side of the shield machine 200 farther from the tunneling end (also known as the excavation end), which is located at the very front end of the shield machine 200. The cutterhead 210 is connected to the front shield and is located at the tunneling end of the shield machine 200. It is used to excavate the tunnel strata.

[0040] During the tunneling process of the shield machine 200, debris easily accumulates and forms mud cakes on the cutterhead 210, seriously affecting construction efficiency and safety. Therefore, it is necessary to flush the cutterhead 210 in a timely manner to prevent mud cakes from forming on the cutterhead 210. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a cutterhead flushing device 100 is provided on the cutterhead 210. The cutterhead flushing device 100 is used to flush and clean the cutterhead 210. The specific location of the cutterhead flushing device 100 on the cutterhead 210 is not limited.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the cutter disc flushing device 100 may include a flushing nozzle 110, a mounting shell 120, a flushing assembly 130 and a driving assembly 140. The flushing nozzle 110 is arranged on the outer surface of the cutter disc 210, and the mounting shell 120 is arranged on the inner surface of the cutter disc 210. The mounting shell 120 has a mounting cavity 121, and the mounting cavity 121 is connected to the flushing nozzle 110.

[0042] In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the connection method between the flushing nozzle 110 and the cutter disc 210. For example, the flushing nozzle 110 can be fixed to the outer surface of the cutter disc 210 by welding, bonding or snapping. A through hole 220 is provided on the cutter disc 210, and a channel is provided inside the flushing nozzle 110. The channel of the flushing nozzle 110 is connected to the through hole 220 on the cutter disc 210. In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the connection method between the mounting shell 120 and the cutter disc 210. For example, the mounting shell 120 can be fixed to the inner surface of the cutter disc 210 by welding, bonding or snapping. The mounting shell 120 is connected to the flushing nozzle 110 through the through hole 220 on the cutter disc 210.

[0043] Exemplarily, the mounting shell 120 in this embodiment can be a tee block, wherein the tee block is a pipe fitting used at the branch of a pipeline, which has the functions of connecting and diverting, changing the direction of fluid, eliminating fluid resistance, increasing flexibility, facilitating maintenance and repair, and facilitating monitoring and control.

[0044] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the scouring nozzle 110 can be surfacing with wear-resistant welding, wherein surfacing is a type of welding in which one or more layers are welded on the surface of the scouring nozzle 110 so that the scouring nozzle 110 meets certain requirements, which helps to extend the life of the scouring nozzle 110 under wear conditions, extend the replacement cycle, reduce costs, and reduce energy and material consumption.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a movable nozzle 150 may be disposed in the mounting cavity 121. A drive assembly 140 is disposed at the end of the mounting housing 120 facing away from the flushing nozzle 110. The drive assembly 140 is connected to the movable nozzle 150 and is used to drive the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle 150. It should be noted that the placement of the drive assembly 140 at the end of the mounting housing 120 facing away from the flushing nozzle 110 provides the movable nozzle 150 with a certain amount of space for extension and contraction, thereby facilitating the rotation or extension of the movable nozzle 150 toward or away from the flushing nozzle 110.

[0046] In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the connection method between the drive assembly 140 and the movable nozzle 150. For example, the drive assembly 140 and the movable nozzle 150 can be connected by a snap connection, a threaded connection or other methods, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0047] In some embodiments, the rotation of the movable nozzle 150 may be rotation along the circumferential direction of the movable nozzle 150, for example, the movable nozzle 150 may rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. In some embodiments, the extension and retraction of the movable nozzle 150 may be extension and retraction along the axial direction of the movable nozzle 150, for example, the movable nozzle 150 may extend in a direction toward the flushing nozzle 110 or retract in a direction away from the flushing nozzle 110. This embodiment is not limited to this.

[0048] In some embodiments, the material and shape of the movable nozzle 150 are not limited. For example, the movable nozzle 150 can be made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), which has excellent acid and alkali resistance and strong corrosion resistance. Alternatively, the movable nozzle 150 can be made of PP (polypropylene), which has characteristics such as corrosion resistance, acid resistance, high temperature resistance, and wear resistance. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the flushing component 130 is connected to the mounting shell 120, and at least two flushing nozzles 111 are provided on the flushing nozzle 110. The flushing directions of the at least two flushing nozzles 111 are toward different positions of the outer surface of the cutter disc 210. The flushing component 130 is provided with a channel outlet on the side close to the flushing nozzle 110. When the driving component 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate and the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle 111 are aligned, the flushing liquid reaches the flushing nozzle 111 through the flushing component 130 and the channel outlet in turn, and is sprayed toward the outer surface of the cutter disc 210 through the flushing nozzle 111.

[0050] In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the number of flushing nozzles 111. For example, the number of flushing nozzles 111 can be two, three or more. In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the location of the flushing nozzles 111, and they can be opened according to actual needs. In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the size and shape of the flushing nozzles 111. For example, the flushing nozzles 111 can be a circular structure, a square structure or other structures, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0051] In some embodiments, the flushing directions of at least two flushing nozzles 111 toward different positions on the outer surface of the cutter disc 210 refer to: the flushing direction of the flushing nozzle 111 can be toward the center position of the outer surface of the cutter disc 210, or the flushing direction of the flushing nozzle 111 can be toward the edge position of the outer surface of the cutter disc 210. This is not limited in this embodiment, and as long as the flushing direction is different, it falls within the scope of protection of this application. This arrangement allows the flushing direction to be switched during application, thereby helping to expand the flushing range of the cutter disc 210 and effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutter disc 210.

[0052] In some embodiments, a channel outlet is provided on a side of the flushing assembly 130 close to the flushing nozzle 110 , wherein the shape, position, number, etc. of the channel outlet are not limited and can be set according to actual needs.

[0053] It should be noted that the shape of the channel outlet can be configured to match the shape of the flushing nozzle 111. For example, the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle 111 can both be circular structures. This helps to improve the alignment accuracy of the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle 111, so that the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the outer surface of the cutter head 210 through the flushing nozzle 111.

[0054] It should be noted that in order to prevent damage to the cutter disc 210, in this embodiment, the flushing direction is parallel to the outer surface of the cutter disc 210, that is, the flushing direction is not perpendicular to the outer surface of the cutter disc 210. This is helpful in avoiding the problem of direct damage to the cutter disc 210 when the flushing force is too large.

[0055] It should be noted that the alignment of the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle 111 means that the channel outlet and the flushing nozzle 111 can be kept aligned along the radial direction of the movable nozzle 150 .

[0056] Therefore, the cutter disc flushing device 100 provided in this embodiment can effectively flush the cutter disc 210, thereby preventing the cutter disc 210 from being clogged by mud cake; the drive component 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the channel outlet, and changing the flushing direction according to the flushing requirements. The movable nozzle 150 has a variety of flushing directions, and the flushing direction can be converted during application, which helps to expand the flushing range of the cutter disc 210. With the same number of nozzles, it has better mud flushing and mud cake prevention effects, effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutter disc 210.

[0057] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flushing nozzle 111 may include a central nozzle 1111 and multiple outer nozzles 1112. The flushing direction of the central nozzle 1111 is toward the center of the outer surface of the cutter head 210, and the flushing directions of the multiple outer nozzles 1112 are respectively toward the edge positions of the outer surface of the cutter head 210.

[0058] In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the number of outer nozzles 1112. For example, the number of outer nozzles 1112 can be two, three, or more, which is not limited in this embodiment. In some embodiments, there is no limitation on the size and shape of the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzles 1112, and they can be set according to actual needs.

[0059] In some embodiments, the arrangement of the outer nozzles 1112 is not limited. For example, multiple outer nozzles 1112 can be spaced around the circumference of the central nozzle 1111; or, multiple outer nozzles 1112 can be spaced radially around the central nozzle 1111. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0060] The driving assembly 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate. When the channel outlet is aligned with the central nozzle 1111, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the center of the outer surface of the cutter disc 210 through the central nozzle 1111. Alternatively, when the channel outlet is aligned with the outer nozzles 1112, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the edge of the outer surface of the cutter disc 210 through the outer nozzles 1112. Alternatively, when the channel outlet is aligned with both the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzles 1112, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward both the center and the edge of the outer surface of the cutter disc 210. This embodiment is not limited to this.

[0061] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the flushing assembly 130 may include a water supply pipe 131 and a flushing channel 132. The water supply pipe 131 is connected to the mounting shell 120, and the flushing channel 132 is arranged in the movable nozzle 150. The water supply pipe 131 is connected to the flushing channel 132, and the channel outlet is opened on the side of the flushing channel 132 close to the flushing nozzle 110; the flushing liquid reaches the flushing nozzle 111 in sequence through the water supply pipe 131, the flushing channel 132 and the channel outlet.

[0062] In some embodiments, the inlet of the flushing channel 132 can be configured as an annular groove structure. This helps ensure that the slurry enters the channel smoothly when the movable nozzle 150 rotates. In some embodiments, the flushing liquid is not limited. For example, the flushing liquid can be high-pressure water, or the flushing liquid can be regular water. This is not limited in this embodiment.

[0063] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the water supply pipeline 131 may include a high-pressure pipeline 1311, and the flushing channel 132 may include a high-pressure channel 1321, and the high-pressure pipeline 1311 and the high-pressure channel 1321 are correspondingly connected. The channel outlet may include a high-pressure channel outlet 1322, and the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 is opened on a side of the high-pressure channel 1321 close to the flushing nozzle 110.

[0064] In some embodiments, the flushing liquid in this embodiment may be high-pressure water.

[0065] In this embodiment, the startup operation process of the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is as follows: the driving component 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate, so that the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 is aligned with the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112 respectively, and the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is opened synchronously for flushing when aligned. High-pressure water passes through the high-pressure channel 1321 in the movable nozzle 150 and is ejected from the high-pressure channel 1321, the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112, thereby clearing the debris in the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112, preventing the flushing nozzle 110 from being blocked, and thus achieving normal flushing of the cutter disc 210.

[0066] In some embodiments, the method for opening the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is not limited. For example, the high-pressure pipeline 1311 may be provided with an electrically controlled valve for controlling the opening or closing of the high-pressure pipeline 1311. In some embodiments, the high-pressure pipeline 1311 may also be opened or closed manually, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0067] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1As shown, the water supply pipeline 131 may include a mud pipeline 1312, and the flushing channel 132 may include a mud channel 1323. The mud pipeline 1312 and the mud channel 1323 are connected to each other. The channel outlet may include a mud channel outlet 1324, which is opened on the side of the mud channel 1323 close to the flushing nozzle 110.

[0068] In some embodiments, the flushing liquid in this embodiment can be regular clean water.

[0069] The startup operation process of the mud pipeline 1312 in this embodiment is: after the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112 are unblocked, the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is closed, the driving assembly 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate, aligns the mud channel outlet 1324 and the central nozzle 1111, and opens the mud pipeline 1312 to flush the center position of the cutter disc 210, thereby realizing the mud flushing and mud cake prevention functions.

[0070] In some embodiments, the alignment of the mud channel outlet 1324 with the outer nozzles 1112 can be adjusted based on flushing requirements, changing the flushing direction. This helps expand the flushing range and achieve better mud cake prevention with the same number of nozzles. In some embodiments, the mud channel outlet 1324 and the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 can be aligned with the nozzles on the flushing nozzle 110, and the mud pipeline 1312 and the high-pressure pipeline 1311 can be opened simultaneously to perform flushing operations. This can be used to cope with harsh geological conditions and prevent mud cake from forming on the cutterhead 210.

[0071] Therefore, in this embodiment, by providing a movable nozzle 150 with dual channels of mud flushing and high-pressure flushing, the functions of high-pressure flushing of the flushing nozzle 110 and preventing the flushing nozzle 110 from being blocked and mud flushing of the cutter disc 210 and preventing the formation of mud cakes are simultaneously achieved. Under special geological conditions, the simultaneous activation of the dual channels can cope with more severe geological conditions and prevent the cutter disc 210 from forming mud cakes.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 can be opened on the side wall of the high-pressure channel 1321, and the mud channel outlet 1324 can be opened on the side wall of the mud channel 1323. In some embodiments, the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 and the mud channel outlet 1324 can be relatively located on both sides of the movable nozzle 150, so that the mud flushing and high-pressure flushing dual channels will not interfere with each other when used separately. In some embodiments, the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 and the mud channel outlet 1324 can differ by a certain angle, which can also avoid the problem of mutual interference when used separately. There is no limitation on the angle of difference and the specific location of the opening.

[0073] In some embodiments, in order to further flush and clean the residual soil in the flushing nozzle 111, in the embodiment of the present application, reference is made to Figure 2 As shown, the mud channel 1323 can be provided with a top outlet 1325 near the top of the flushing nozzle 110. In this way, the driving assembly 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate. When the annular groove channel inlet in the movable nozzle 150 is aligned with the high-pressure pipeline 1311, the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is opened, and high-pressure water is ejected through the mud channel 1323 and the mud channel outlet 1324 to flush and clean the residual debris in the flushing nozzle 110, thereby preventing the flushing nozzle 110 from being blocked.

[0074] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the driving assembly 140 may include a fixing frame 141 and a driving member 142 arranged on the fixing frame 141. The fixing frame 141 is connected to the end of the mounting shell 120 away from the flushing nozzle 110. The driving member 142 is connected to the movable nozzle 150. The driving member 142 is used to drive the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle 150.

[0075] There are no restrictions on the connection method between the driving member 142 and the movable nozzle 150. Furthermore, there are no restrictions on the type of the driving member 142. For example, the driving member 142 in this embodiment may be a driving cylinder. There are no restrictions on the connection method between the fixing frame 141 and the driving member 142. For example, the driving member 142 and the fixing frame 141 may be connected by a snap connection, a threaded connection, or other means, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0076] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 As shown, a gate 160 may be provided at the end of the mounting housing 120 close to the fixing bracket 141 , and the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to extend and retract, and when the movable nozzle 150 retracts and passes through the gate 160 , the gate 160 is closed.

[0077] In some embodiments, the connection method between the gate 160 and the mounting shell 120 is not limited. For example, the gate 160 can be slidably connected to the mounting shell 120, so that the gate 160 can slide back and forth on the mounting shell 120, thereby facilitating the opening or closing of the gate 160.

[0078] For example, after the active nozzle 150 passes through the gate 160, the gate 160 is closed to isolate the tunnel face pressure, allowing the active nozzle 150 to be removed for maintenance or replacement. A tunnel face refers to the working face that continuously advances during tunnel excavation (in coal mining, mining, or tunneling).

[0079] In one possible implementation, refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, an annular sealing member 170 may be provided on the exterior of the movable nozzle 150. This allows the flushing channel 132 to be sealed when the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate or extend. It should be noted that the material of the sealing member 170 is not limited. For example, the sealing member 170 may be made of rubber, silicone, or plastic.

[0080] The working process of the cutter head flushing device 100 of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0081] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate so that the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 is aligned with the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112 respectively. When aligned, the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is opened synchronously for flushing. High-pressure water passes through the high-pressure channel 1321 in the movable nozzle 150 and is ejected from the high-pressure channel 1321, the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112, thereby clearing the debris in the central nozzle 1111 and the outer nozzle 1112, preventing the flushing nozzle 110 from being blocked, and thus achieving normal flushing of the cutter disc 210.

[0082] After the nozzle is unblocked, close the high-pressure pipeline 1311, control the driving member 142 to drive the movable nozzle 150 to rotate, align the mud channel outlet 1324 and the central nozzle 1111, open the mud pipeline 1312 to flush the center position of the cutter head 210, and realize the mud flushing and mud cake prevention functions.

[0083] According to the flushing requirements, the mud channel outlet 1324 is adjusted to be aligned with the outer nozzle 1112 to change the flushing direction and expand the flushing range. With the same number of nozzles, a better mud cake prevention effect can be achieved.

[0084] In special circumstances, the mud channel outlet 1324 and the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 can be aligned with the nozzle on the flushing nozzle 110, and the mud pipeline 1312 and the high-pressure pipeline 1311 can be opened at the same time to perform flushing operations to cope with harsh geological operations and prevent mud cake from forming on the cutter head 210.

[0085] Thus, on the one hand, the movable nozzle 150, driven by the driver 142, can select and change the flushing direction. In conjunction with the flushing nozzle 110, it can achieve flushing in multiple directions and a wide flushing range. Furthermore, by adjusting the flushing angle, it can simultaneously achieve mud flushing and high-pressure removal of debris blockages. Furthermore, during operation, mud and high-pressure water flow through dedicated channels to the nozzle, without any other obstructions or pressure loss, and achieve a good flushing effect.

[0086] The closing process of the cutter head flushing device 100 of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0087] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the mud pipeline 1312 and the high-pressure pipeline 1311 are closed, and the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate. The mud channel outlet 1324 and the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 are staggered with the nozzle angle on the flushing nozzle 110. At this time, the nozzle on the flushing nozzle 110 is completely closed to prevent debris from entering the pipeline.

[0088] The maintenance process of the cutter head flushing device 100 of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0089] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the mud pipeline 1312 and the high-pressure pipeline 1311 are closed; the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate, and the mud channel outlet 1324 and the high-pressure channel outlet 1322 are staggered with the nozzle angle on the flushing nozzle 110. At this time, the nozzle on the flushing nozzle 110 is completely closed to prevent debris from entering the pipeline; after the movable nozzle 150 passes through the gate 160 position, the gate 160 is closed to isolate the face pressure, and the movable nozzle 150 is removed for maintenance or replacement; the gate 160 is opened, and the movable nozzle 150 that has been maintained or replaced is driven to slowly extend outward by the driving member 142; when the inlet of the annular groove channel in the movable nozzle 150 is aligned with the high-pressure connecting hole of the tee block, the high-pressure pipeline 1311 is opened, and high-pressure water is ejected through the mud channel 1323 and the top outlet 1325 to flush the debris remaining in the flushing nozzle 110; the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to return to the working position to complete the maintenance operation.

[0090] In this way, during the maintenance operation, on the one hand, the movable nozzle 150 is pulled out through the driving member 142, and the gate 160 is used to isolate the pressure of the face. After the replacement is completed, the inside of the flushing nozzle 110 is flushed through the top outlet 1325, and the driving member 142 pushes the movable nozzle 150 to restore. Maintenance is simple, convenient and fast. On the other hand, the main body of the device of the present application is installed inside the cutter head 210, which helps to avoid contact with the face debris, is not easy to be damaged, has a long life and high durability. On the other hand, the driving member 142 drives the movable nozzle 150 to retract, and the gate 160 isolation device completely blocks the external pressure. The top outlet 1325 of the movable nozzle 150 flushes the residual mud and residue, which can realize the maintenance operation of the movable nozzle 150 in the normal pressure space, which is safe and efficient.

[0091] The cutterhead flushing device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a flushing nozzle 110, a mounting housing 120, a flushing assembly 130, and a drive assembly 140. This effectively flushes the cutterhead 210, thereby preventing the cutterhead 210 from being clogged by mud cakes. The drive assembly 140 drives the movable nozzle 150 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the channel outlet and changing the flushing direction according to the flushing requirements. The movable nozzle 150 has multiple flushing directions, which can be switched during use, thereby helping to expand the flushing range of the cutterhead 210. With the same number of nozzles, it has better mud flushing and mud cake prevention effects, effectively improving the flushing efficiency and flushing effect of the cutterhead 210.

[0092] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0093] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof used herein are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0094] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc. should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration. They can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. They can also refer to internal connections between two elements or interactions between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A cutter head flushing device, provided on the cutter head, characterized in that: The cutter disc flushing device includes a flushing nozzle, a mounting housing, a flushing assembly, and a driving assembly. The flushing nozzle is used to be arranged on the outer surface of the cutter disc, and the mounting housing is used to be arranged on the inner surface of the cutter disc. The mounting housing has a mounting cavity, and the mounting cavity is communicated with the flushing nozzle. A movable nozzle is provided in the installation cavity, and the drive assembly is provided at the end of the installation housing away from the flushing nozzle. The drive assembly is connected to the movable nozzle and is used to drive the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle; The flushing assembly is connected to the mounting housing, the flushing nozzle is provided with at least two flushing nozzles, the flushing directions of the at least two flushing nozzles being directed toward different positions of the outer surface of the cutter disc, the flushing assembly is provided with a channel outlet on a side close to the flushing nozzle, and when the driving assembly drives the movable nozzle to rotate and the channel outlet is aligned with the flushing nozzle, the flushing liquid sequentially passes through the flushing assembly and the channel outlet to reach the flushing nozzle, and is sprayed toward the outer surface of the cutter disc through the flushing nozzle; The flushing nozzle includes a central nozzle and a plurality of outer nozzles, wherein the plurality of outer nozzles are spaced around the circumference of the central nozzle, the flushing direction of the central nozzle is toward the center position of the outer surface of the cutter disc, and the flushing directions of the plurality of outer nozzles are respectively toward the edge positions of the outer surface of the cutter disc; When the channel outlet is aligned with the central nozzle, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the center of the outer surface of the cutter disc through the central nozzle; or, when the channel outlet is aligned with the outer nozzles, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward the edge of the outer surface of the cutter disc through the outer nozzles; or, when the channel outlet is aligned with both the central nozzle and the outer nozzles, the flushing liquid is sprayed toward both the center and the edge of the outer surface of the cutter disc. The flushing assembly includes a water supply pipeline and a flushing channel, the water supply pipeline is connected to the mounting shell, the flushing channel is arranged in the movable nozzle, the water supply pipeline is communicated with the flushing channel, and the channel outlet is opened on the side of the flushing channel close to the flushing nozzle; the flushing liquid reaches the flushing nozzle in sequence through the water supply pipeline, the flushing channel and the channel outlet.

2. The cutter head flushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply pipeline includes a high-pressure pipeline, the flushing channel includes a high-pressure channel, and the high-pressure pipeline and the high-pressure channel are correspondingly connected; the channel outlet includes a high-pressure channel outlet, and the high-pressure channel outlet is opened on the side of the high-pressure channel close to the flushing nozzle. When the high-pressure channel outlet and the flushing nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid is sprayed out through the high-pressure channel outlet and the flushing nozzle.

3. The cutter head flushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water supply pipeline includes a mud pipeline, the flushing channel includes a mud channel, and the mud pipeline and the mud channel are correspondingly connected; the channel outlet includes a mud channel outlet, and the mud channel outlet is opened on the side of the mud channel close to the flushing nozzle; when the mud channel outlet and the flushing nozzle are aligned, the flushing liquid is sprayed out through the mud channel outlet and the flushing nozzle.

4. The cutter head flushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-pressure channel outlet is opened on the side wall of the high-pressure channel, and / or the mud channel outlet is opened on the side wall of the mud channel; and / or the mud channel has a top outlet near the top of the flushing nozzle.

5. The cutter head flushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a fixing frame and a driving member arranged on the fixing frame. The fixing frame is connected to the end of the mounting shell away from the flushing nozzle. The driving member is connected to the movable nozzle and is used to drive the rotation and extension of the movable nozzle.

6. The cutter head flushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting housing is provided with a gate at an end portion close to the fixing frame. The driving member drives the movable nozzle to extend and retract, and when the movable nozzle retracts and passes through the gate, the gate is closed.

7. The cutter head flushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular sealing member is provided on the outside of the movable nozzle. When the driving member drives the movable nozzle to rotate or extend, the flushing channel is sealed by the sealing member.

8. A shield machine, characterized in that: At least includes a cutter disc, a shield body and a cutter disc flushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the cutter disc is connected to the shield body, the cutter disc is located at the front end of the shield machine, a through hole is provided on the cutter disc, the flushing nozzle of the cutter disc flushing device is arranged on the outer surface of the cutter disc, the mounting shell of the cutter disc flushing device is arranged on the inner surface of the cutter disc, and the flushing nozzle and the mounting shell are connected through the through hole of the cutter disc.

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