A pond recirculating aquaculture system

Abstract

This invention discloses a pond recirculating aquaculture system, proposing an innovative design scheme that applies a high-efficiency waste collection recirculating aquaculture unit to a novel intensive recirculating aquaculture pond, providing a new design approach for constructing an "energy-saving, emission-reducing, ecological, and efficient" intensive pond recirculating aquaculture system. The system adopts a design concept combining factory-style high-density aquaculture units with a pond recirculating aquaculture model. Through a combination of a bidirectional jet-type inlet pipe and a waterwheel-type aerator, as well as a dual-channel waste collection device, it achieves efficient waste collection, oxygenation, and water purification. Furthermore, this system introduces a centrally controlled automatic feeding system, a solar-powered water quality monitoring system, and an integrated water purification process combining physical filtration, flocculation, and aquatic plant / animal purification technologies, contributing to the formation of an "energy-saving, water-saving, and land-saving" pond recirculating aquaculture model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically to a pond recirculating aquaculture system. Background Technology

[0002] According to data from the "2023 China Fisheries Statistical Yearbook," the total freshwater aquaculture area in my country in 2022 was 5,033,080 hectares, of which pond aquaculture area was 2,624,880 hectares, accounting for 52.15% of the total freshwater aquaculture area. Accelerating the implementation of standardized pond renovation and developing intensive recirculating aquaculture systems is the only way for the healthy and sustainable development of my country's aquaculture industry.

[0003] The technical principle of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) in ponds is to use the wastewater discharged from one aquaculture module as a resource for another. During the water circulation process, the aquaculture wastewater is continuously purified, achieving the goals of water resource recycling and multi-level utilization of nutrients. However, ponds, with their large surface areas and the aquatic plants, animals, and microorganisms forming the water purification ecosystem, suffer from drawbacks such as complex processes, large land areas, low purification efficiency in winter, and difficulty in meeting discharge standards for wastewater. Water purification remains a major technical challenge in pond aquaculture. Its core is creating a suitable ecological environment for the healthy growth of aquatic organisms, and the rapid removal of solid pollutants such as feces and uneaten feed is the primary goal, effectively preventing the decomposition of these pollutants and the generation of large amounts of harmful substances that would lead to continuous water quality deterioration. Existing recirculating aquaculture technologies in ponds are still immature, with prominent problems including high water exchange rates, low wastewater collection efficiency, high energy consumption, and high feed conversion ratios, which are technical challenges restricting the high-quality development of the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pond recirculating aquaculture system to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a pond recirculating aquaculture system, comprising:

[0006] Multiple sets of breeding ponds, with each set containing multiple ponds;

[0007] Multiple automatic feeding devices are provided, with one set of automatic feeding devices in each group of breeding ponds;

[0008] Several self-collecting and drainage devices are connected to each aquaculture pond to discharge wastewater from the aquaculture ponds;

[0009] Multiple sludge collection ponds are provided, with one sludge collection pond for each group of aquaculture ponds. The sludge collection ponds are connected to a self-collecting and drainage device to collect the sewage discharged from a group of aquaculture ponds.

[0010] The biological purification pond contains aquatic plants and fish, and it is connected to the sewage collection pond through a water pipeline to receive the water from the sewage collection pond.

[0011] The water collection tank is connected to the biological purification tank to receive the purified water, which is then transported to all the aquaculture ponds through water pipelines.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. A novel intensive pond recirculating aquaculture model is proposed, which utilizes the wastewater from the aquaculture pond to irrigate aquatic plants. During this process, the wastewater undergoes a series of purification steps to meet the water quality standards for pond aquaculture before being reinjected into the aquaculture pond, thus achieving the goals of energy conservation, emission reduction, and recyclability.

[0014] 2. By optimizing the structural layout of the pond recirculating aquaculture system and combining the water circulation drive mode of "two-way jet water inlet device + waterwheel aerator", it is helpful to use the circulation conditions to discharge the feces and uneaten feed in the aquaculture water from the bottom outlet and realize the recycling of aquaculture tailwater after purification.

[0015] 3. The wastewater discharged from high-density aquaculture ponds undergoes multiple purification processes, including wastewater collection, flocculation, particulate matter separation, disinfection and sterilization, and purification of aquatic plants and animals. This achieves efficient and automatic wastewater collection and maintains water quality indicators suitable for the healthy growth of aquatic organisms.

[0016] 4. By utilizing an automatic feeding device, centralized control of feeding is achieved, enabling precise timed and quantitative feeding, improving feed utilization, reducing labor costs, and increasing breeding efficiency.

[0017] 5. The wastewater from pond aquaculture is recycled and reused, and solar photovoltaic panels provide energy to various functional areas. The overall layout adopts a symmetrical structure, which improves land utilization and embodies the design concept of "energy saving, water saving, and land saving", making it easy to promote and apply on a large scale. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a system layout diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge collection tank structure.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic feeding device.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram of a buoy.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a self-collecting sewage drainage system.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combined jet tube structure.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] Figure 1 1-Aquaculture pond; 2-Automatic feeding device; 3-Self-collecting and drainage device; 4-Sludge collection tank; 5-Sedimentation tank; 6-Biological filter; 7-Ultraviolet sterilizer; 8-Water valve; 9-Flow meter; 10-Water collection tank; 11-Buoy; 12-Water pump; 13-Water flow hole; 14-Biological purification tank; 15-Photovoltaic panel battery; 16-Water supply pipe; 17-Biological detector; 18-Waterwheel aerator;

[0026] Figure 2 19-Flocculant dispenser; 20-Air compressor; 21-Air valve one; 22-Limiter one; 23-Solar panel; 24-Scraper; 25-Flocculent material; 26-Limiter two; 27-Flocculent material collection bin; 28-Power transmission line; 29-Air valve two; 30-Drain pipe; 31-Air supply valve; 32-Bubbles; 33-Bubbler; 34-Dispensing pipe; 60-Filter screen;

[0027] Figure 3 35-Small feed bin; 36-Turntable motor; 37-Synchronous belt; 38-Feed tray; 39-Support rod; 40-Support base; 41-Large feed bin; 42-Blower; 43-Feeding pipe; 56-Lifting plate; 57-Ball screw; 58-Lifting motor; 59-Threaded sleeve;

[0028] Figure 4 44-Electronic control unit; 45-Solar panel section; 46-Float; 47-Main body; 48-Sensor unit;

[0029] Figure 5 : 49-Combined jet tube; 50-Guide plate; 51-Overflow pipe; 52-Overflow port; 53-Underflow port; 54-Underflow pipe;

[0030] Figure 6 :55-Jet type water injection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-6 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 The diagram presents a pond recirculating aquaculture system, which can be broadly summarized as follows:

[0033] Multiple sets of breeding ponds 1, each set having multiple units, and each breeding pond 1 is equipped with a waterwheel aerator 18;

[0034] Multiple automatic feeding devices 2, with one set of automatic feeding devices 2 configured in each group of breeding ponds 1;

[0035] Several self-collecting sewage drainage devices 3 are connected to each of the breeding ponds 1, and are used to discharge sewage from the breeding ponds 1.

[0036] Multiple sludge collection tanks 4, each group of breeding ponds 1 is equipped with one sludge collection tank 4, and the sludge collection tank 4 is connected to the self-collecting and drainage device 3 to collect the sewage discharged from a group of breeding ponds 1.

[0037] The biological purification pond 14 contains aquatic plants and fish, and is connected to the sewage collection pond 4 via a water pipeline to receive the water from the sewage collection pond 4.

[0038] The water collection tank 10 is connected to the biological purification tank 14 to receive the purified water and deliver it to all the aquaculture tanks 1 through the water supply pipeline.

[0039] The waterway from the sludge collection tank 4 to the biological purification tank 14 is equipped with a biological filter 6 and an ultraviolet sterilizer 7 in sequence to further treat the aquaculture wastewater. The waterway from the sludge collection tank 4 to the biological purification tank 14 is also equipped with a water valve 8 and a flow meter 9 to control the water flow to the biological purification tank 14.

[0040] The water supply pipeline of the aforementioned water collection tank 10 typically has a main pipeline and several branch pipelines connected to each of the aquaculture ponds 1. The main pipeline of the water supply pipeline of the water collection tank 10 is equipped with a water pump 12, which transports the purified water from the water collection tank 10 to each aquaculture pond 1. The outlet of the branch pipelines is a water delivery pipe 16, which is typically a combined jet pipe 49 (e.g., Figure 6 (As shown).

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, the combined jet pipe 49 has several jet-type water injection holes 55. The combined jet pipe 49 has an L-shaped structure, consisting of a vertical pipe section and a horizontal pipe section fixed to each other. The horizontal pipe section is perpendicularly connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe section. Both perpendicular sections have jet-type water injection holes 55 evenly distributed along the length of the pipe. The purified water is circulated by the water pump 12 and returns to the aquaculture pond 1 through the combined jet pipe 49. The combined jet pipe 49 was chosen because its water inlet method has advantages over a single vertical pipe inlet method in terms of water flow uniformity, flow velocity, and flow stability, thus better maintaining the water quality and ecological environment within the aquaculture pond 1. The structure of the combined jet pipe 49 is as follows: Figure 6As shown, multiple jet-type water injection holes 55 achieve bidirectional water propulsion, thereby increasing the hydrodynamic energy that generates the swirling effect. Regarding the number of combined jet pipes 49, only one single inlet pipe is installed in each aquaculture pond because the water flow uniformity index is highest and the water flow distribution is most uniform when the water injection method is a single inlet pipe. The main reason is that, with a fixed total water flow rate, the flow rate of a single inlet pipe decreases as the number of inlet pipes increases. With a constant total mass flow rate in the inlet pipes, setting multiple inlet pipes results in irregular water flow collisions accompanied by high jet energy consumption, turbulent flow patterns, and a decrease in the flow uniformity index. However, as the number of inlet pipes decreases, the water flow uniformity gradually increases, the distribution of high and low velocity zones gradually stabilizes, and the flow uniformity index increases. Meanwhile, the size, number, spacing, and incident angle of the jet-type water injection holes 55 should be comprehensively determined based on parameters such as the pond size and total water injection flow rate to obtain optimal hydrodynamic performance.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the sludge collection tank 4 is equipped with a flocculant dispenser 19 and an aerator 33. The flocculant dispenser 19 is equipped with a dispensing pipe 34 that connects to the bottom of the sludge collection tank 4 and dispenses flocculant into the bottom of the inner cavity of the sludge collection tank 4. The aerator 33 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sludge collection tank 4 and is used to release bubbles 32. The aerator 33 is located in the flocculant dispensing area to generate flocculent material 25. The sludge collection tank 4 is connected to a drain pipe 30 to lead the treated water to the biological purification tank 14.

[0043] The sludge collection tank 4 can be divided into a flocculent generation zone and a discharge zone, separated by a partition. The upper part of the partition is lower than the upper part of the sludge collection tank 4. The outlets of the aerator 33 and the delivery pipe 34 are both located in the flocculent generation zone. The flocculent material 25 generated in the flocculent generation zone floats on the water surface, while the supernatant flows into the discharge zone through the upper part of the partition. A filter screen 60 is installed in the discharge zone. The filter screen 60 is positioned higher than the discharge pipe 30. The filter screen 60 filters the supernatant and then discharges it through the discharge pipe 30.

[0044] In order to remove the flocculent matter 25 floating on the water surface, the above-mentioned sludge collection tank 4 is equipped with a scraper 24 and a scraper driving mechanism. The sludge collection tank 4 is also provided with a flocculent matter collection chamber 27 with an open structure at the top. The scraper 24 moves back and forth under the drive of the scraper driving mechanism to scrape the flocculent matter 25 floating on the water surface into the flocculent matter collection chamber 27. The flocculent matter 25 in the flocculent matter collection chamber 27 will then flow into the sedimentation tank 5 for sedimentation.

[0045] Before the sewage flows into the collection tank, the flocculant dispenser 19 releases flocculant into the water to promote the combination of solid particles and bubbles. The air compressor 20 introduces a large amount of high-pressure gas into the bubble generator 33, causing the bubble generator 33 to generate a large number of bubbles 32 that rise and combine with solid particles. The resulting flocculents 25 will become larger and larger and float on the water surface. Their density is less than that of water. The flocculents 25 floating on the water surface are scraped into the flocculent collection chamber 27 by the scraper 24 and finally collected in the sedimentation tank 5.

[0046] In order to limit the range of motion of the scraper 24, the scraper 24 is equipped with a fixed limiter 1 22 and a limiter 26. A sensor is installed on the limiter. The limiter 1 22 and the limiter 26 are used to limit the two extreme position points of the scraper 24 respectively. The limiter 1 22 and the limiter 26 correspond to the floc generation position point and the floc collection bin 27 respectively.

[0047] In this embodiment, the sludge collection tank 4 is also equipped with a solar power generation unit (including solar panels 23), an air compressor 20, an air valve 21, an air valve 29, and an air supply valve 31. The solar power generation unit supplies power to the air valve 21, the air valve 29, and the air supply valve 31 via a power transmission line 28.

[0048] The output end of the air compressor 20 is connected to the bubble machine 33 through a pipe, and an air supply valve 31 is installed on the pipe.

[0049] As a preferred driving method, the scraper drive mechanism is a pneumatic structure (other linear movement methods, such as screw drives or rodless cylinders, are not excluded here). The scraper 24 has a base that is located in and moves within an air pipe (which is a loop-shaped pipe). The air pipe is connected to the air compressor 20. Air valve 1 21 and air valve 29 are located on both sides of the scraper 24. Air valve 1 and air valve 2 are interconnected and connected to sensors on limiters 1 and 2, respectively. Air valve 1 and air valve 2 automatically control the opening and closing states of air valve 1 21 and air valve 29 by receiving signals from the sensors on limiters 1 22 and limiters 2 26, thereby changing the direction of airflow and thus changing the direction and state of movement of the scraper 24 and its base, achieving the purpose of scraping off the flocculent material 25. The scraper 24 is driven by the air compressor 20 and can move in both left and right directions.

[0050] The water in the collection tank 4 then flows through the biological filter 6. The biological filter 6 degrades waste through nitrification, releasing a lot of ammonia into the water. The natural bacteria in the water use oxygen to oxidize the ammonia, effectively converting it into nitrite, and then converting the nitrite into nitrate.

[0051] During this process, it is essential to maintain the correct water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels. After treatment by the biological filter 6, the nitrate-rich water flows into the biological purification tank 14. However, the water used for plant seed growth requires sterilization. Since ultraviolet light lacks sustained sterilization capabilities and has poor penetrating power, this circulation system employs flowing water ultraviolet sterilization, and an ultraviolet sterilizer 7 is installed. Furthermore, a water valve 8 and a flow meter 9 need to be installed on the water pipe flowing into the biological purification tank 14 to prevent excessive water flow. Different plants at different growth stages require different amounts of water and humidity; therefore, a precise water supply is necessary for plant growth.

[0052] Biological purification pond 14 is an area where water is further biologically purified through aquatic plants and animals. It can be a soilless environment, or it can use planting media such as terracotta or perlite (perlite is a volcanic rock that absorbs nutrient-rich water to provide better root growth and maintains constant moisture for the entire plant root system). Plant roots are immersed in the water to absorb sufficient nutrients, while nitrogenous compounds harmful to fish are filtered out. Many fish that specifically absorb waste and purify the water can also be raised in the planting bed, further improving water quality. For soilless plant cultivation, a method can be chosen: using polystyrene foam pads to protect the plants above the tank, placing seeds in net bags. Once the plants have grown, the net bags are removed from the planting medium holes and transplanted to another floating pad to expand the planting bed space. It is also necessary to regularly add trace elements such as iron and magnesium to ensure plant growth. Utilizing the different light requirements of different plants, the planting area can be divided into four main sections. 1. High-output fluorescent lamps are commonly used for plant growth lighting and are an economical choice. The lamps need to be placed close to the plant to provide maximum growth. Fluorescent lamps are better suited for growing leafy vegetables. 2. For plants requiring different light levels at different growth stages, LED grow lights are the most suitable. Although more expensive, LED grow lights are more energy-efficient, have a longer bulb lifespan, and allow for flexible spectrum adjustment. Red light is the most needed light for plant germination, while blue light is more effective for plant growth. 3. For the growth of large plants, metal halide lamps are the best choice. These grow lights emit strong blue light, but are expensive per lamp and generate a lot of heat. 4. For plants that only require ordinary natural light, glass can be used to utilize natural light. This system allows for selection of lighting based on the user's specific needs, supplemented by photovoltaic panels and batteries. The photovoltaic panels are installed on both sides of the water surface in the aquaculture pond, and they can charge the batteries. When not in use, excess photovoltaic power charges the batteries, saving resources and reducing energy consumption.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in each group of aquaculture ponds 1, all aquaculture ponds 1 are distributed around the automatic feeding device 2. Figure 1An automatic feeding device 2 is positioned in the center of four aquaculture ponds 1. The automatic feeding device 2 includes a circular feed tray 38 and a feeding pipe 43 connected to the side wall of the feed tray 38. The central axis of the feeding pipe 43 is perpendicular to the central axis of the feed tray 38. The feed tray 38 is equipped with a rotation drive mechanism that propels it to rotate. During rotation, centrifugal force drives the feed inside the feed tray 38 to be output through the feeding pipe 43. The feed tray 38 and its feeding pipe 43 can rotate 360°, providing quantitative, periodic, and non-fixed-point feeding to the four aquaculture ponds 1. The automatic feeding device 2 enables centralized control of feeding, allowing for precise, timed, and quantitative feeding, improving feed utilization, reducing labor costs, and increasing aquaculture efficiency.

[0054] The bait tray 38 is also equipped with a support rod 39 and a support base 40 as a support base, and the bait tray 38 is rotatably connected to the support base 40 through the support rod 39.

[0055] The aforementioned automatic feeding device 2 also includes:

[0056] A large feed bin 41 that contains bait pellets;

[0057] A feeding pipe that runs horizontally through and connects to the large silo 41;

[0058] Blower 42 installed at one end of the feed pipe;

[0059] The small hopper 35 is installed at the other end of the feeding pipe and connected to the feeding pipe.

[0060] The small feed bin 35 has a discharge port at the bottom that faces the upper opening of the bait tray 38, and the blower 42 blows air in the direction of the small feed bin 35.

[0061] The aforementioned automatic feeding device 2 also includes a turntable motor 36 and a synchronous belt 37; the output end of the turntable motor 36 is fitted with a drive pulley, the bait disc 38 is coaxially fixed with a driven pulley, and the synchronous belt 37 is fitted with the drive pulley and the driven pulley.

[0062] The aforementioned large feed bin 41 is an upright cylindrical structure, which contains a feeding mechanism that pushes the bait upwards. The feeding mechanism includes a lifting motor 58, a ball screw 57, a threaded sleeve 59, and a circular flat lifting plate 56. The lifting motor 58 is a rotary motor, which is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the large feed bin 41. The ball screw 57 is coaxially connected to the output end of the lifting motor 58. The threaded sleeve 59 is fitted with the ball screw 57 and connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate 56. The upper surface of the lifting plate 56 is used to support the bait, and the periphery of the lifting plate 56 is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the large feed bin 41.

[0063] During the feeding process into the aquaculture pond 1, the blower 42 blows the feed from the large feed bin 41 into the small feed bin 35, and then discharges it through the conical outlet at the lower end of the small feed bin 35, sending the feed into the feed tray 38. Then, the turntable motor 36 drives the feed tray 38 to rotate via transmission, using centrifugal force to drive the feed in the feed tray 38 through the feeding pipe 43, causing the feed to be scattered into the aquaculture pond 1 from the outlet of the feeding pipe 43. During operation, the lifting motor 58, ball screw 57, and threaded sleeve 59 sequentially drive the lifting plate 56 to rise, pushing the feed upwards so that the blower 42 can continuously blow the feed into the small feed bin 35, thus completing the feeding operation.

[0064] The above-described feeding method can save on the cost of the feeding device. Furthermore, due to the non-fixed-location nature of the feeding, fish can find the feeding location themselves at specific times, thereby strengthening their exercise and promoting their growth. Simultaneously, the automatic feeding device 2 is also equipped with a biological detector 17, which can detect the distribution location of the fish, allowing for targeted selection of feeding locations. At the same time, this detector can also record details of the fish's activity and feeding behavior to ensure their healthy growth.

[0065] like Figure 4 The structure of the buoy 11 shown is an existing product. The buoy 11 in the water collection tank 10 includes an electronic control unit 44, a solar panel part 45, a float 46, and a main body part 47. Various sensor parts 48 and monitoring equipment are installed on the lower side of the main body part 47.

[0066] The biological purification tank 14 and the collection tank 10 are separated by a partition. Several water flow holes 13 are opened in the partition, and filters can be installed in the water flow holes 13 for filtration. The filtered water flows from the biological purification tank 14 to the collection tank 10, which is set as the lowest point in the system, through the water flow holes 13 connecting the biological purification tank 14 and the collection tank 10. The buoy 11 in the collection tank 10, such as... Figure 4 As shown, various sensors 48 and monitoring equipment are suspended to monitor various parameters of the water body, such as temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. The buoy 11 helps monitoring personnel monitor the water condition in real time so that necessary measures can be taken promptly to improve water quality and the ecological environment. After testing, the water is pumped back to the aquaculture pond 1 by the water pump 12 for recycling. The electrical energy required by the water pump 12 can be provided by the photovoltaic battery 15, and the water flow rate also needs to be reasonably controlled.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, the self-collecting sewage drainage device 3 includes:

[0068] The bottom flow pipe 54 is connected to the bottom of the aquaculture pond 1 at its upper end and is configured as a bottom flow outlet 53 connected to the sludge collection pond 4 at its lower end.

[0069] An overflow pipe 51 is used to control the water level inside the aquaculture pond 1. The upper end of the overflow pipe 51 is inside the aquaculture pond 1, and it extends downward into the bottom flow pipe 54 and passes through the side wall of the bottom flow pipe 54. The overflow port 52 of the overflow pipe 51 is set as the water outlet end, and the height of the water inlet end of the overflow pipe 51 is the preset maximum water level height. A gap is left between the outer wall of the overflow pipe 51 and the inner wall of the bottom flow pipe 54 to accommodate the flow of water.

[0070] The guide plate 50 used for guiding the flow has an overflow pipe 51 fixedly mounted on it and close to the upper end of the underflow pipe 54, and there is a gap between it and the upper end of the underflow pipe 54 to accommodate water flowing downward into the underflow pipe 54.

[0071] The bottom wall of the aquaculture pond 1 is an inverted conical surface, the guide plate 50 is coaxial with the conical surface, and the upper end of the underflow pipe 54 is the smallest end of the conical surface.

[0072] Overflow pipe 51 is used to control the water level in the aquaculture pond. When a certain water level is reached, water flows into overflow pipe 51 from the top and then flows out through overflow outlet 52. The size of different guide plates 50 has a significant impact on the velocity distribution of the water in the aquaculture pond, the velocity vector distribution of the water flow near the bottom outlet, as well as hydrodynamic characteristics such as eddy current intensity, wall shear stress, and water mixing uniformity. The effluent and residual material in aquaculture pond 1 flow out through bottom outlet 53 to sludge collection pond 4.

[0073] Different pond types can be selected based on a comprehensive consideration of various factors to achieve maximum profitability. Studies have shown that, for the same culture volume, square ponds with larger chamfer distances and rounded corner radii, or ponds with a near-circular shape, exhibit better hydrodynamic characteristics, including uniform velocity distribution, higher bottom flow velocity, better water mixing performance and uniform water flow, and higher eddy and secondary flow intensity. This is beneficial for dissolved oxygen mixing and rapid discharge of solid particles, achieving optimal growth conditions for the cultured organisms. During implementation, the rounded corner radius and side length can be set according to the size of the culture pond, and the bottom slope can be configured to create structural conditions that facilitate the convergence of particles towards the bottom flow outlet (upper end of bottom flow pipe 54) through the "channel vortex" principle.

[0074] The operating principle of the above scheme is briefly described as follows: The purpose of this invention is to propose a novel intensive pond recirculating aquaculture model. The wastewater from the aquaculture pond 1 is used to irrigate soilless plants. During this process, the wastewater undergoes a series of purification steps to meet pond aquaculture water quality standards before being reinjected into the aquaculture pond 1, achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and recyclability. The novel intensive pond recirculating aquaculture system is mainly divided into a pond aquaculture area and a wastewater purification area. The pond aquaculture area is based on an environmentally friendly recirculating aquaculture system. Building upon current research, by optimizing the pond shape, water injection method, and wastewater discharge method of the aquaculture pond 1, a more suitable water environment for the aquaculture organisms is created, thereby improving the uniformity of water flow, energy utilization efficiency, and self-purification performance. The wastewater from the pond aquaculture area enters the aquaculture wastewater purification area through the self-collecting and drainage device 3. First, the aquaculture wastewater undergoes particulate separation in the collection tank 4, and then further treatment through the biological filter 6 and the sterilization and disinfection device (ultraviolet sterilizer 7). After that, it flows into the biological purification tank 14, where the water quality is further purified by the combined action of fish and plants. Finally, it permeates into the collection tank 10. The buoy 11 monitors the water quality in the collection tank and reports it to the monitoring personnel. After the water quality in the collection tank 10 meets the pond aquaculture water quality standards, it is then circulated back into the aquaculture tank 1 by the water pump 12.

[0075] From the above brief explanation of the principle, we can conclude that:

[0076] 1. A new and efficient pond recirculating aquaculture system was proposed, which combines factory-style high-density aquaculture units with pond recirculating aquaculture. Within the system, automatic feeding, water purification, disinfection and sterilization, water quality monitoring and water recycling are integrated.

[0077] 2. The design concept of high-density pond aquaculture units has been improved. A water circulation drive method of "two-way jet inlet pipe + waterwheel aerator" is adopted, and a dual-channel sewage collection device is used to realize the discharge of secondary pollutants, solid particles, from the bottom outlet of the aquaculture water.

[0078] 3. By installing an automatic feeding device in the center of the high-density pond aquaculture area, centralized control of feeding is achieved, which can achieve the effect of precise timed and quantitative feeding;

[0079] 4. The aquaculture wastewater discharged from the dual-channel sludge collection device enters the sludge collection and sedimentation zone. In the sludge collection tank, the air flotation separation technology is used to remove suspended solids through pneumatically controlled aeration and mechanical scrapers, achieving a highly efficient sludge collection effect.

[0080] 5. After initial purification in the sedimentation and sludge collection area, the aquaculture wastewater continues to flow through a biological filter and an ultraviolet sterilization device for further treatment, achieving disinfection and sterilization of the aquaculture wastewater and effectively improving the quality of the aquaculture water.

[0081] 6. In the biological purification zone, the aquatic plants and animals can utilize organic waste through biological purification technology, thus achieving efficient transformation of the aquaculture ecosystem.

[0082] 7. Physical purification technology through water flow hole filtration and separation: fine filter screens are set in the water flow holes to effectively separate and remove impurities, suspended solids and solid particles in the water, thereby improving the water purification capacity.

[0083] 8. The water collection tank is connected to the biological purification tank through the water flow hole, so that the water quality of the thoroughly purified water is monitored by buoys. Combined with the previous series of water purification processes, a highly efficient integrated water purification process is formed, which ensures the water quality and allows the water to be pumped back into the aquaculture tank for water recycling.

[0084] In summary, the above solutions can be summarized as follows:

[0085] This paper proposes an innovative design scheme for applying a high-efficiency waste collection and recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) unit to a new type of intensive RAS pond, providing a new design approach for constructing an "energy-saving, emission-reducing, ecological, and efficient" intensive pond RAS system. The system adopts a design concept combining factory-style high-density aquaculture units with a pond RAS model. Through a combination of bidirectional jet-type inlet pipes and waterwheel-type aerators, as well as a dual-channel waste collection device, it achieves efficient waste collection, oxygenation, and water purification. Furthermore, the system incorporates a centrally controlled automatic feeding system, a solar-powered water quality monitoring system, and an integrated water purification process combining physical filtration, flocculation, and aquatic plant / animal purification technologies, contributing to an "energy-saving, water-saving, and land-saving" pond RAS model.

[0086] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In this invention, it should also be noted that the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrally formed connection, a mechanical connection, or an indirect connection through intermediate connecting parts. The specific meaning of the terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0087] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0088] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pond recirculating aquaculture system, characterized in that, include: Multiple sets of aquaculture ponds (1), each set consisting of multiple ponds; Multiple automatic feeding devices (2), each group of breeding ponds (1) is equipped with one set of automatic feeding devices (2); Several self-collecting sewage drainage devices (3) are connected to the breeding ponds (1) one by one, which are used to discharge sewage from the breeding ponds (1); Multiple sludge collection ponds (4), each group of breeding ponds (1) is equipped with a sludge collection pond (4), the sludge collection pond (4) is connected to a self-collecting and drainage device (3) to collect the sewage discharged from a group of breeding ponds (1); A biological purification pond (14) containing aquatic plants and fish is connected to a sewage collection pond (4) via a water pipeline to receive water from the sewage collection pond (4); The water collection tank (10) is supplied to all the breeding ponds (1) through the water supply pipeline. The biological purification tank (14) and the water collection tank (10) are separated by a partition, and the partition is provided with several water flow holes (13) for installing filters. The sludge collection tank (4) is equipped with a flocculant dispenser (19) and an aerator (33). The flocculant dispenser (19) is equipped with a dispensing pipe (34) that connects to the bottom of the sludge collection tank (4) and dispenses flocculant into the bottom of the inner cavity of the sludge collection tank (4). The aerator (33) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sludge collection tank (4) and is used to release bubbles. The aerator (33) is located in the flocculant dispensing area to generate flocculent material (25). The sludge collection tank (4) is connected to a drain pipe (30) to allow the treated water to flow to the biological purification tank (14). The sludge collection tank (4) is equipped with a scraper (24) and a scraper driving mechanism. The sludge collection tank (4) is also provided with a flocculent material collection chamber (27) with an open structure at the top. The scraper (24) moves back and forth under the drive of the scraper driving mechanism to push the flocculent material (25) floating on the water surface into the flocculent material collection chamber (27). The inside of the sludge collection tank (4) is divided into a flocculent generation zone and a discharge zone, which are separated by a partition. The upper part of the partition is lower than the upper part of the sludge collection tank (4). The outlets of the aerator (33) and the delivery pipe (34) are both located in the flocculent generation zone. The flocculent material (25) generated in the flocculent generation zone floats on the water surface, and the supernatant flows into the discharge zone through the upper part of the partition. A filter screen (60) is installed in the discharge zone. The position of the filter screen (60) is higher than the discharge pipe (30). The filter screen (60) is used to filter the supernatant.

2. The pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper (24) is equipped with a fixed limiter one (22) and a limiter two (26). The limiter one (22) and the limiter two (26) are used to limit the two extreme position points of the scraper (24). The limiter one (22) and the limiter two (26) correspond to the floc generation position point and the floc collection bin (27) respectively.

3. The pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each group of breeding ponds (1), all breeding ponds (1) are distributed around an automatic feeding device (2). The automatic feeding device (2) includes a circular feed tray (38) and a feeding pipe (43) connected to the side wall of the feed tray (38). The central axis of the feeding pipe (43) is perpendicular to the central axis of the feed tray (38). The feed tray (38) is equipped with a rotation drive mechanism that drives it to rotate. During the rotation, the centrifugal force is used to drive the feed in the feed tray (38) to be output through the feeding pipe (43).

4. The pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The automatic feeding device (2) also includes: The large feed bin (41) inside contains the bait pellets. A feed pipe that runs horizontally through and connects to the large silo (41); A blower (42) installed at one end of the feed pipe; The small hopper (35) is installed at the other end of the feeding pipe and connected to the feeding pipe. The small feed hopper (35) has a discharge port at the bottom that faces the upper opening of the bait tray (38), and the blower (42) blows air in the direction of the small feed hopper (35).

5. A pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The automatic feeding device (2) also includes a turntable motor (36) and a timing belt (37). The output end of the turntable motor (36) is fitted with a drive pulley, the bait disc (38) is coaxially fixed with a driven pulley, and the synchronous belt (37) is fitted with the drive pulley and the driven pulley.

6. A pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The large feed bin (41) is an upright cylindrical structure with a feeding mechanism inside that pushes the bait upwards. The feeding mechanism includes a lifting motor (58), a ball screw (57), a threaded sleeve (59), and a circular flat lifting plate (56). The lifting motor (58) is a rotary motor that is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the large feed bin (41). The ball screw (57) is coaxially connected to the output end of the lifting motor (58). The threaded sleeve (59) is fitted with the ball screw (57) and connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate (56). The upper surface of the lifting plate (56) is used to support the bait. The periphery of the lifting plate (56) is attached to the inner wall of the large feed bin (41).

7. A pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-collecting sewage drainage device (3) includes: The underflow pipe (54) is connected at the bottom of the aquaculture pond (1) at its upper end and at its lower end to the underflow outlet (53) connected to the sludge collection pond (4). An overflow pipe (51) is used to control the water level inside the aquaculture pond (1). The upper end of the overflow pipe (51) is inside the aquaculture pond (1), and it extends downward into the bottom flow pipe (54) and passes through the side wall of the bottom flow pipe (54). A gap is left between the outer wall of the overflow pipe (51) and the inner wall of the bottom flow pipe (54) to accommodate the flow of water. The guide plate (50) used for guiding the flow has an overflow pipe (51) fixedly mounted on it and close to the upper end of the bottom flow pipe (54), and there is a gap between it and the upper end of the bottom flow pipe (54) to accommodate water flowing downward into the bottom flow pipe (54); The bottom wall of the aquaculture pond (1) is an inverted conical surface, the guide plate (50) is coaxial with the conical surface, and the upper end of the bottom flow pipe (54) is the smallest end of the conical surface.

8. A pond recirculating aquaculture system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, A biological filter (6) and an ultraviolet sterilizer (7) are installed sequentially in the waterway from the sludge collection tank (4) to the biological purification tank (14).

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