A production and processing technology of self-fermentation ripening tea taking white tea as raw material

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tea processing, and particularly relates to a production and processing technology of self-fermentation and maturation tea with white tea as raw material, comprising the following steps: spraying water on finished white tea raw material, evenly turning, and standing, evenly watering and heating in a multifunctional roller unit, taking out tea after heating, and rolling to curl the tea; loading the tea into a breathable and fresh-keeping cloth bag, managing the temperature of the tea in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity fermentation chamber, then turning and watering in the multifunctional roller unit; repeating the above three times, and then unblocking the tea in the multifunctional roller unit, taking out, airing, drying, refining, testing, and packaging the product. The present application uses finished white tea as raw material, and performs moderate fermentation and maturation, which is simple in process, short in time consumption, and effectively solves the problems of high requirement on storage conditions and long time consumption of traditional aged white tea. The present application is the first successful technology of self-fermentation and maturation of white tea under pure natural conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tea processing, in particular to a production and processing technology of self-fermentation mature tea taking white tea as raw material. BACKGROUND

[0002] White tea is one of the six major tea types in China. Due to its unique production process, it is not fried or kneaded, which forms the quality of revealing white hairs, fresh aroma, light yellow soup, and sweet taste. It is favored by consumers, but its greenness is heavier, the tea soup is not resistant to brewing, and especially its cold nature limits the further expansion of the white tea market.

[0003] Currently, white tea mainly relies on storage aging to transform its contents, thereby reducing the negative impact on the human body. Therefore, aged white tea also has the saying of "1-year tea, 3-year medicine, and 7-year treasure". However, the storage condition requires high and consumes time and cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a production and processing technology of self-fermentation mature tea taking white tea as raw material.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A production and processing technology of self-fermentation mature tea taking white tea as raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, spraying water on the finished white tea leaf raw material, evenly turning, standing, placing in a multifunctional roller unit for uniform water and heating, taking out the tea leaves after heating, and rolling to curl the tea leaves;

[0008] S2, packing the tea leaves into a breathable preservative cloth bag, managing the temperature and humidity in a constant temperature and humidity fermentation room, then placing in the multifunctional roller unit for turning and water replenishment;

[0009] S3, repeating step S2 three times, placing the tea leaves in the multifunctional roller unit for unblocking, taking out, spreading, drying, refining, testing, and packaging.

[0010] Further, the amount of water spraying in step S1 is 35-100% of the weight of the tea leaf raw material; the standing time is 2-4h; the uniform water is turning and rolling the standing tea leaves for 5-10 minutes to make the tea leaves uniformly absorb water; the heating is to make the leaves soft and sticky.

[0011] Further, the constant temperature in step S2 is 27-30℃, and the constant humidity controls the relative humidity at 65-80%.

[0012] Further, the pile temperature management of step S2 is to place the bagged tea leaves on the ground, one bag is a pile, insert the thermometer into the pile core, record every 12h, when the temperature reaches 50±2℃, continue to mature for 50-90h.

[0013] Further, the turning of step S2 is to roll the tea leaves which have completed the fermentation and maturation for 5-10min; the water supplement is to make the tea leaves contain 30%-50% of water.

[0014] Further, the deagglomeration of step S3 is to heat the tea leaves by using hot air of 90-160℃ while rolling for 10-15min, so that the tea leaves contain 13-15% of water.

[0015] Further, the spreading and airing of step S3 is to move the tea leaves into a ventilated withering groove, the spreading and airing thickness is 5-10cm, the temperature is controlled between 25-35℃, the relative humidity is below 55%, the spreading and airing time is 8-14 days, until the tea leaves contain 7-10% of water; the drying is to dry the tea leaves after spreading and airing to contain 6%-8% of water.

[0016] Further, the multifunctional roller unit comprises a roller and a function machine arranged at the right side of the roller; the function machine comprises a second support, a blower is arranged at the top right side of the second support, an air outlet cylinder is connected to the top of the blower, and the tail end of the air outlet cylinder extends into the roller; a water tank is arranged at the top left side of the second support, a water outlet cylinder is connected to the top of the water tank, the water outlet cylinder is below the air outlet cylinder, and the tail end of the water outlet cylinder extends into the roller; heating wires are arranged in the air outlet cylinder, and a temperature sensor is mounted on the air outlet of the air outlet cylinder; a water level and temperature integrated meter is mounted on the front side of the water tank.

[0017] Further, the roller comprises a first support, telescopic air cylinders are mounted on the left end of the first support, rotating frames are hinged to the tail ends of the push rods of the two telescopic air cylinders, two rotating arms on the right side of the rotating frame are respectively hinged to the top of the front and rear fixed frames of the first support, rubber pads are fixed to the bottoms of the rotating arms and contact with the fixed frames; an outer cylinder is fixed between the two rotating arms, an inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is driven by a driving motor; triangular strips are fixed around the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and a plurality of rows of columns are arranged on two of the triangular strips;

[0018] The driving motor is arranged on the rotating frame, a first rotating shaft is connected to the rear side of the driving motor on the rotating frame through a bearing, a second rotating shaft is connected to the top of the rotating frame through a bearing, and a cross support frame is arranged on the left side of the inner wall of the inner cylinder;

[0019] The right end of the second rotating shaft is connected with the cross support frame, and the left end is provided with a first belt pulley; the first belt pulley is connected with the left end of the first rotating shaft through a first synchronous belt and a second belt pulley, the right end of the first rotating shaft is provided with the second belt pulley, and the second belt pulley is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor through a second synchronous belt and a third belt pulley;

[0020] The right side of the inner cylinder extends to the right side of the outer cylinder, and a plurality of rollers in contact with the inner cylinder are mounted on the right side surface of the outer cylinder.

[0021] Further, the four grids formed between the cross support frame and the inner cylinder are all embedded with gauze, and the left side surface of the outer cylinder is fixed with a protective cover on the upper two grids;

[0022] The lower two grids are both provided with a mounting bracket; the upper end of the mounting bracket is fixed with the protective cover, and the lower end is fixed with the left side surface of the inner cylinder; and the mounting bracket is provided with an exhaust fan.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application uses finished white tea as raw material, and performs moderate fermentation and maturation. The white tea is naturally matured through fermentation, without adding any non-tea substances and artificially cultivating microorganisms. The matured white tea is natural and healthy, the tea nature is changed but the flavor of the white tea is not lost. The matured white tea retains the pure flavor of the tea, is fresh and sweet, and has the quality characteristics of mellow taste and long-lasting taste. The present application effectively fills the gap in market demand, and has the advantages of simple process, average production cycle of 3-5 months, and solving the problems of high storage requirement and long time consumption of traditional aged white tea. The present application is the first successful process for naturally fermenting and maturing white tea under pure natural conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the multifunctional roller unit.

[0025] Figure 2 is a front view schematic view of the multifunctional roller unit.

[0026] Figure 3 is a left view schematic view of the multifunctional roller unit.

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the base.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the triangular strip.

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the air outlet cylinder.

[0030] Figure 7 is a right view schematic view of the inner cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present application are further illustrated below in connection with specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Any technology realized based on the above description of the present application is encompassed within the scope intended to be protected by the present application.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The white tea fresh leaves are picked, and the finished product white tea is prepared through the processes of withering, refining and drying.

[0034] A self-fermentation maturation tea production and processing technology using white tea as raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1, spraying water on the finished product white tea leaf raw material, evenly turning and placing, placing in a multifunctional drum unit for uniform water and heating, taking out the tea leaves after heating, and rolling to curl the tea leaves;

[0036] S2, packing the tea leaves into a breathable preservative cloth bag, and managing the temperature of the heap in a constant temperature and humidity fermentation chamber, and then placing in the multifunctional drum unit for turning and water replenishment;

[0037] S3, repeating step S2 three times, placing the tea leaves in the multifunctional drum unit for unblocking, taking out, spreading, drying, refining, testing, and packaging the finished product.

[0038] The amount of water sprayed in step S1 is 35-100% of the weight of the tea leaf raw material; the standing time is 2-4h; the uniform water is to roll the standing tea for 5-10 minutes to make the tea evenly absorb water; the heating is to make the leaves soft and sticky.

[0039] The constant temperature in step S2 is 27-30℃, and the constant humidity controls the relative humidity at 65-80%.

[0040] The heap temperature management in step S2 is to place the tea leaves packed in bags off the ground, one bag as one heap, insert the thermometer into the core of the heap, and record every 12h, when the temperature reaches 50±2℃, continue to mature for 50-90h.

[0041] The turning in step S2 is to roll the tea leaves that have completed the first fermentation maturation for 5-10 minutes to unblock; the water replenishment is to make the tea contain 30%-50% of water.

[0042] The unblocking in step S3 is to roll while using hot air of 90-160℃ to heat the tea leaves for 10-15 minutes to make the tea contain 13-15% of water.

[0043] The airing in step S3 is to move the tea leaves into a ventilated withering groove, the airing thickness is 5-10 cm, the temperature is controlled between 25-35℃, the relative humidity is below 55%, the airing time is 8-14 days, until the water content of the tea leaves is 7-10%; the drying is to dry the tea leaves after airing to the water content of 6%-8%.

[0044] The multifunctional drum machine set includes a drum machine and a function machine arranged at the right side of the drum machine, the tea leaves can be rolled by the drum machine, and the tea leaves can be watered and dried by the function machine; the function machine includes a second support 1, a blower 2 is arranged at the top right side of the second support 1, the blower 2 can provide wind, which is convenient for subsequent heating and drying of the tea leaves, an air outlet cylinder 3 is connected to the top of the blower 2, and the tail end of the air outlet cylinder 3 extends into the drum machine; so that the wind blown by the blower 2 can be sent into the drum machine, so that the tea leaves can be heated and dried; a water tank 4 is arranged at the top left side of the second support 1, the water tank 4 can store water, a water outlet cylinder 5 is connected to the top of the water tank 4, the water outlet cylinder 5 is located below the air outlet cylinder 3, so that the water in the water tank 4 can be sent into the drum machine, so that the tea leaves can be watered, the tail end of the water outlet cylinder 5 extends into the drum machine and is connected with an atomizing nozzle (not shown), which is used for atomizing the water in the water tank 4 and spraying it on the tea leaves, and the head of the water outlet cylinder 5 extends into the water tank 4; a water pump 51 is installed on the water outlet cylinder 5, which is used for conveying the water in the water tank 4 to the atomizing nozzle; heating wires 301 are arranged in the air outlet cylinder 3, which can heat the wind blown by the blower 2, which is convenient for subsequent heating and drying of the tea leaves, and a temperature sensor 302 is installed at the air outlet of the air outlet cylinder 3, which can measure the temperature of the blown wind, which is convenient for temperature adjustment of subsequent heating and drying; a water level and temperature integrated meter 41 is installed on the front side of the water tank 4, the model of the water level and temperature integrated meter 41 can be YWZ-160T, but is not limited thereto, so that the water level and temperature in the water tank 4 can be known.

[0045] The rolling drum machine comprises a first support 6, the left end of the first support 6 is provided with telescopic cylinders 7 on both sides, the angle of the inner drum 10 can be adjusted through the telescopic cylinders 7, so that the tea can be conveniently discharged; the push rod of the two telescopic cylinders 7 is hingedly connected with a rotating frame 8, the two rotating arms 81 of the right side of the rotating frame 8 are respectively hingedly connected to the top of the front and rear fixed frames 61 of the first support 6, the telescopic cylinder 7 is started to move the push rod upward, thereby driving the rotating frame 8 to rotate around the hinge joint with the fixed frame 61, so that the outer drum 9 and the inner drum 10 can be driven to rotate, and the inner drum 10 can be inclined to facilitate the discharge of tea; the bottom of the rotating arm 81 is fixed with a rubber pad 82 in contact with the fixed frame 61, which can avoid damage to the rotating arm 81 and the fixed frame 61 when the inner drum 10 is reset; the outer drum 9 is fixed between the two rotating arms 81, the inner drum 10 is arranged in the outer drum 9, the inner drum 10 is driven by a driving motor 11 to rotate; the inner wall of the inner drum 10 is fixed with triangular strips 101, two of the triangular strips 101 are provided with a plurality of rows of columns 102, so that the tea can be unblocked and the compacted tea can be scattered, facilitating subsequent drying.

[0046] The driving motor 11 is arranged on the rotating frame 8, the first rotating shaft 12 is connected to the rear side of the driving motor 11 through a bearing, the second rotating shaft 13 is connected to the top of the rotating frame 8 through a bearing, and the inner wall of the inner drum 10 is provided with a cross support frame 14 on the left side;

[0047] The right end of the second rotating shaft 13 is connected with the cross support frame 14, so that the rotation of the second rotating shaft 13 can drive the cross support frame 14 to rotate, and in turn drive the inner drum 10 to rotate, and the left end is provided with a first pulley 15; the first pulley 15 is connected with the left end of the first rotating shaft 12 through a first synchronous belt 16 and a second pulley 17, the right end of the first rotating shaft 12 is provided with the second pulley 17, the second pulley 17 is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor 11 through a second synchronous belt 18 and a third pulley (not shown);

[0048] so that the driving motor 11 is started to drive the third pulley to rotate, thereby driving the second synchronous belt 18 to transmit, thereby driving the second pulley 17 to rotate, thereby driving the first rotating shaft 12 to rotate, thereby driving the second pulley 17 to rotate, thereby driving the first synchronous belt 16 to transmit, thereby driving the first pulley 15 to rotate, thereby driving the second rotating shaft 13 to rotate, and in turn driving the cross support frame 14 and the inner drum 10 to rotate.

[0049] The right side of the inner drum 10 extends to the right side of the outer drum 9, a plurality of rollers 19 in contact with the inner drum 10 are arranged on the right side of the outer drum 9, and the rollers 19 can support and better rotate the inner drum 10.

[0050] The tea leaves are added into the inner cylinder 10, the inner cylinder 10 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 11, the tea leaves are scattered and broken by the arranging column 102 on the triangular strip 101, and the water in the water tank 4 is delivered to the atomizing nozzle by the water pump 51, the atomizing nozzle sprays water on the tea leaves for water replenishment; then hot air is blown into the tea leaves by the air blower 2 and the heating wire 301 to heat the tea leaves, which can improve the leaf temperature to make the tea leaves soft and facilitate rolling; finally, hot air is blown into the tea leaves by the air blower 2 and the heating wire 301 to dry the tea leaves; after drying, the inner cylinder 10 is driven to rotate by the telescopic air cylinder 7, so that the inner cylinder 10 can be inclined downward from left to right, facilitating the discharge of tea leaves.

[0051] The four grids formed between the cross support frame 14 and the inner cylinder 10 are embedded with gauze 20, which can prevent the tea leaves from being blocked when the air fan 23 removes dust and foreign gas, and the tea leaves are also prevented from being sucked out by the air fan 23; the two grids on the upper side of the left side of the outer cylinder 9 are fixed with protective covers 21 for blocking the tea leaves;

[0052] The two grids on the lower side are provided with mounting frames 22 for mounting the air fan 23; the upper end of the mounting frame 22 is fixed with the protective cover 21, and the lower end is fixed with the left side of the inner cylinder 10; the air fan 23 is installed in the mounting frame 22, which can remove dust and foreign gas when the inner cylinder 10 rotates.

[0053] The first support frame 6 is provided with first universal wheels 24 at the bottom of the four corners, and the second support frame 1 is provided with second universal wheels 25 at the bottom of the four corners, which facilitates the movement of the first support frame 6 and the second support frame 1; when the tea leaves are fed and discharged, the second support frame 1 is moved away, thereby facilitating the feeding and discharging of the tea leaves; the second support frame 1 can also be moved to change the angle of the air outlet cylinder 3 and the water outlet cylinder 5, thereby better heating, drying and water replenishment of the tea leaves.

[0054] The air outlet cylinder 3 is provided with handles 26 on the front and rear sides, so that the handles 26 can be held to move the second support frame 1.

[0055] The first support frame 6 is provided with a base 28 with a placing groove 27 at the bottom between the front and rear two supporting rods, for placing a collecting hopper 29, the collecting hopper 29 is placed in the placing groove 27, and the tea leaves floating out of the gauze 20 can be collected by the collecting hopper 29; the base 28 is provided with guide blocks 30 on the front and rear sides, and the inner sides of the two supporting rods are provided with guide grooves (not shown) for sliding of the guide blocks 30, which can facilitate sliding of the base 28, so that the collecting hopper 29 can be moved.

[0056] The bottom of the outer cylinder 9 is provided with an opening (not shown), when the inner cylinder 10 rotates, tea fragments can float into the gap between the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 9, and the gap between the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 9 can be prevented from being blocked by the opening.

[0057] The air blower, atomizing nozzle, temperature sensor, telescopic cylinder, driving motor, water pump, exhaust fan, ultrasonic atomizer and air supply fan in the application are all prior arts, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand them, and no detailed description is given here.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The tea tree varieties of Fuan Da Bai or Zhenghe Da Bai with strong suitability are selected, and fresh leaves with one bud and two or three leaves in spring are picked to produce the finished white tea through the processes of withering, refining and drying.

[0060] The finished white tea is weighed as raw material, evenly spread on a food-grade plastic film and watered, the amount of water is 40% of the weight of the raw material, after watering and uniform stirring, the tea is placed in a multifunctional drum unit for tumbling for 10 minutes, heated until the leaves are soft and sticky, then manually rolled, and after manual rolling, the tea is heated in the drum and transferred to a rolling machine for rolling until the tea is bent.

[0061] The rolled tea is put into a breathable preservation cloth bag, and the bagged tea is placed off the ground in a constant temperature and humidity fermentation room with room temperature of 27-30 DEG C and relative humidity of 65-80%, a thermometer is inserted into the core of the pile, and the temperature of the core is recorded every 12 hours, when the temperature of the core reaches 50+ / -2 DEG C, the tea is continued to mature for 50-90 hours, the tea in the bag is transferred to a drum for deagglomeration for 8 minutes, and then sprayed with water in the drum until the tea content is 38%.

[0062] The above steps are repeated until the tea has a pure and clean smell, no impurities, and the tea is dark and shiny, then the maturation is stopped, the tea is moved into a ventilated withering trough, spread and aired to a thickness of about 5-10 cm, and then spread and aired in the room with a temperature of 25-35 DEG C and a relative humidity of less than 55% for 5-10 days, until the moisture content of the tea is 9%, the spread and aired tea is dried to a moisture content of 6%-8%, the dried tea is spread and aired to room temperature, the stems are picked out, the tea is screened to remove the ends, the initial evaluation, blending and refining of the loose tea, detection and testing, and packaging are performed.

[0063] Although the specific embodiments of the application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments described are only illustrative, and are not used to limit the scope of the application, and the modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the application should be covered within the scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A processing technology for producing self-fermented mature tea using white tea as raw material, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: ​ S1, the finished white tea tea raw materials are sprinkled with water, evenly turned, and placed in a multi-functional drum machine for water distribution and heating. After heating, the tea leaves are taken out and rolled until the tea leaves are curled; S2, the tea leaves are loaded into a breathable and fresh-keeping cloth bag, and then placed in a constant temperature and humidity fermentation chamber for pile temperature management. Then, the tea leaves are placed in the multi-functional drum machine for heap turning and water replenishment; S3, step S2 is repeated three times. The tea leaves are placed in the multi-functional drum machine for unblocking, taken out, spread, dried, refined, tested, and packaged for final product; The amount of water sprinkled in step S1 is 35-100% of the weight of the tea raw materials; the standing time is 2-4h; the water distribution is to roll the tea leaves for 5-10 minutes to make the tea leaves absorb water evenly; and the heating is to heat to soft and sticky leaves; In step S2, the constant temperature is constant to 27-30℃, and the constant humidity is to control the relative humidity to 65-80%; the pile temperature management is to place the tea leaves in a bag off the ground, one bag is one pile, and a thermometer is inserted into the pile core. The temperature is recorded every 12h. When the temperature reaches 50±2℃, the aging is continued for 50-90h; the heap turning is to roll the tea leaves for 5-10 minutes to unblock the tea leaves after completing the fermentation aging; and the water replenishment is to make the tea leaves contain 30%-50% of water; In step S3, the unblocking is to roll the tea leaves while heating the tea leaves with hot air at 90-160℃ for 10-15 minutes to make the tea leaves contain 13-15% of water; the spread is to move the tea leaves into a ventilated withering groove, the spread thickness is 5-10cm, the temperature is controlled to be 25-35℃, the relative humidity is below 55%, the spread is for 8-14 days, and the tea leaves contain 7-10% of water; and the drying is to dry the tea leaves after spread to contain 6%-8% of water.

2. The production and processing technology of self-fermentation ripening tea with white tea as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-functional drum machine comprises a drum machine and a functional machine arranged on the right side of the drum machine; the functional machine comprises a second support, a blower is arranged on the top right side of the second support, an air outlet cylinder is connected to the top of the blower, and the end of the air outlet cylinder extends into the drum machine; a water tank is arranged on the top left side of the second support, a water outlet cylinder is connected to the top of the water tank, the water outlet cylinder is below the air outlet cylinder, and the end of the water outlet cylinder extends into the drum machine; heating wires are arranged in the air outlet cylinder, a temperature sensor is mounted on the air outlet of the air outlet cylinder, and a water level and temperature integrated meter is mounted on the front side of the water tank.

3. The production and processing technology of self-fermentation ripening tea using white tea as raw material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drum machine comprises a first support, telescopic air cylinders are mounted on the left end of the first support, rotating frames are hinged to the ends of the push rods of the two telescopic air cylinders, two rotating arms on the right side of the rotating frame are hinged to the top of the front and rear fixed frames of the first support, rubber pads in contact with the fixed frames are fixed to the bottoms of the rotating arms, an outer cylinder is fixed between the two rotating arms, an inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is driven by a driving motor, triangular strips are fixed around the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and a plurality of rows of columns are arranged on two of the triangular strips. The driving motor is arranged on the rotating frame, a first rotating shaft is connected to the rotating frame through a bearing at the rear side of the driving motor, a second rotating shaft is connected to the top of the rotating frame through a bearing, and the inner wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a cross support frame on the left side; The right end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the cross support frame, and the left end is provided with a first belt pulley; the first belt pulley is connected to the left end of the first rotating shaft through a first synchronous belt and a second belt pulley, the right end of the first rotating shaft is provided with the second belt pulley, and the second belt pulley mounted on the right end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor through a second synchronous belt and a third belt pulley; The right side of the inner cylinder extends to the right side of the outer cylinder, and a plurality of rollers in contact with the inner cylinder are mounted on the right side of the outer cylinder.

4. The production and processing technology of self-fermentation ripening tea with white tea as raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four grids formed between the cross support frame and the inner cylinder are each embedded with a gauze screen, and the left side of the outer cylinder is fixed with a protective cover on the two grids above; The two grids below are each provided with a mounting bracket; the upper end of the mounting bracket is fixed to the protective cover, and the lower end is fixed to the left side of the inner cylinder; and an exhaust fan is mounted in the mounting bracket.

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