Windshield, method of making the same, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a windshield, a preparation method thereof and a vehicle. The preparation method of the windshield comprises the following steps: step 1, providing a glass plate with an inner surface and an outer surface; step 2, applying a ceramic material to a signal transmission area on the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass plate by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film on the signal transmission area. The present application can accurately position the anti-reflection film to the signal transmission area of the glass plate, and does not involve a subsequent laser film removal process for areas other than the signal transmission area, and the method is convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a windshield, a preparation method thereof and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a system that integrates laser, global positioning system (GPS) and inertial navigation system (INS) technologies. With the continuous development of the field of self-driving cars, LiDAR plays an increasingly important role in self-driving cars. Embedding LiDAR in self-driving cars is an important trend in the future development of self-driving cars. Generally speaking, the signal of LiDAR embedded in the car will be lost after penetrating the front windshield. In order to make the signal meet the requirements of LiDAR ranging, a signal transmission area is set on the front windshield, and an anti-reflection (AR) film is set on the signal transmission area.

[0003] The current method for forming an anti-reflection film on the front windshield is a magnetron sputtering method. When forming an anti-reflection film on the front windshield, the entire front windshield needs to be placed in a sealed vacuum chamber for film coating, and then the areas outside the signal transmission area are removed by laser. The process is more complicated. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a windshield, a preparation method thereof and a vehicle.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of a windshield, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A preparation method of a windshield, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, providing a glass plate having an inner surface and an outer surface;

[0008] Step 2, applying a ceramic material to the signal transmission area on the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass plate by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film on the signal transmission area.

[0009] In some embodiments, the transmittance of the glass plate to light with a wavelength of 850-1600 nm at an incident angle of 60-70° is denoted as T1, the transmittance of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 850-1600 nm at an incident angle of 60-70° is denoted as T2, and the particle size of the ceramic material and the spraying rate of the cold spraying are adjusted so that T2-T1≥3%.

[0010] In some embodiments, the particle size of the ceramic material is 200-1.2 μm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cold spraying has a spraying rate of 600-800 m / s.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ceramic material is selected from at least one of SiO2, Nb2O5, Al2O3, TiO2, MgF2, Si3N4, SiON, AlON, TiZrO x , SiZrO x , SiAlN x , and SiAlO x .

[0013] In some embodiments, step 2 further comprises: alternately cold spraying high refractive index ceramic material and low refractive index ceramic material on the signal transmission area of the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass sheet to form alternately stacked high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers.

[0014] In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the ceramic material of the high refractive index layer and the ceramic material of the low refractive index layer is ≥0.3.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive layer is independently ≥5 nm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the antireflection film has a transmittance of ≥70% for light with a wavelength of 400-800 nm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the antireflection film has a transmittance of <1% for light with a wavelength of 400-800 nm and a transmittance of >85% for light with a wavelength of 850-1600 nm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the four peripheral edges of the glass sheet are provided with ink, and the color difference ΔE between the antireflection film and the ink is ≤3.

[0019] In some embodiments, the thickness of the antireflection film is ≥500 nm.

[0020] In some embodiments, before step 2, the following step is further included: hot bending the glass sheet.

[0021] In some embodiments, after step 2, the following step is further included: hot bending the glass sheet with the antireflection film.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step 1, the glass plate includes an outer glass plate, a thermoplastic interlayer, and an inner glass plate, the outer glass plate having opposing first and second surfaces, the inner glass plate having opposing third and fourth surfaces, and the thermoplastic interlayer being bonded between the second and third surfaces.

[0023] In step 2, the ceramic material is cold-sprayed onto the signal transmission area of ​​the fourth surface of the inner glass plate.

[0024] A second aspect of the present invention provides a windshield prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0025] A third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a windshield as described above, connected to the vehicle body.

[0026] Compared with traditional solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] This invention uses a cold spraying method to spray ceramic material onto the signal transmission area of ​​a glass plate to form an antireflection film. The position of the antireflection film can be precisely located within the signal transmission area of ​​the glass plate, without involving a subsequent laser film removal process for areas outside the signal transmission area, making the method convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention and to more completely understand the present invention and its beneficial effects, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the windshield structure in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of section A-A'. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0033] The terms

[0034] Unless otherwise indicated or contradicted, the terms or phrases used herein have the following meanings:

[0035] In the present application, the selection range involving "and / or", "or / and", "and / or" includes any one of two or more related listed items, and also includes any and all combinations of related listed items, including any two related listed items, any more related listed items, or all related listed items. It should be noted that when at least two conjunctions selected from "and / or", "or / and", "and / or" are combined to connect at least three items, it should be understood that the technical solution undoubtedly includes the technical solution connected by "logical and", and also undoubtedly includes the technical solution connected by "logical or". For example, "A and / or B" includes three parallel schemes of A, B and A+B. For another example, the technical solution of "A, and / or, B, and / or, C, and / or, D" includes any one of A, B, C and D (i.e. the technical solution connected by "logical or"), and also includes any and all combinations of A, B, C and D, i.e. includes the combination of any two or any three of A, B, C and D, and also includes the four-item combination of A, B, C and D (i.e. the technical solution connected by "logical and").

[0036] In the present application, "optionally", "optional" and "optional" mean optional, i.e. selected from two parallel schemes of "have" or "have not". If there are multiple "optional" in a technical solution, each "optional" is independent unless otherwise specified, and there is no contradictory relationship or mutual restriction.

[0037] In the present application, in the terms "first aspect", "second aspect", "third aspect", "fourth aspect" and the like, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor can it be understood as implying the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like only serve the purpose of non-exhaustive enumeration and description, and should be understood as not constituting a closed limitation on the quantity.

[0038] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a windshield, in one embodiment, the method for manufacturing a windshield comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1, providing a glass plate with an inner surface and an outer surface;

[0040] Step 2, applying a ceramic material to the signal transmission area on the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass plate by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film on the signal transmission area.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application can accurately position the anti-reflection film on the signal transmission area of the glass plate by spraying a ceramic material on the signal transmission area of the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass plate by the cold spraying method, and does not involve a subsequent laser film removal process for the area outside the signal transmission area, and the method is convenient.

[0042] It can be understood that, before cold spraying the ceramic material on the signal transmission area of the glass plate, the signal transmission area to be sprayed on the glass plate needs to be cleaned. For example, a cleaning machine, a plasma device, etc. is used to purify the signal transmission area to be sprayed on the glass plate.

[0043] The cold spraying is a method of accelerating powder to supersonic speed to cause cold welding with the sprayed surface by impact and high-speed friction. Currently, cold spraying of metal powder is relatively mature. In the embodiment, the cold spraying method is innovatively applied to spraying ceramic material on the glass plate to form an anti-reflection film with good anti-reflection effect.

[0044] Alternatively, the transmittance of the glass plate to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1600nm at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T1, the transmittance of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 850nm-1600nm at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T2, and the particle size of the ceramic material and the spraying rate of the cold spraying are adjusted so that T2-T1≥3%. For example, the difference between T2 and T1 is 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, etc.

[0045] Alternatively, the particle size D50 of the ceramic material is 200nm-1.2μm. For example, the particle size D50 of the ceramic material is 200nm, 500nm, 800nm, 1μm, 1.2μm, etc. The inventors of the present application have found through experimental research that when the particle size of the ceramic material is less than 200nm, serious agglomeration occurs, which is not conducive to the uniformity of the anti-reflection film, and affects the anti-reflection range. When the particle size of the ceramic material is greater than 1.2μm, the anti-reflection range of the anti-reflection film is affected. Preferably, the particle size D50 of the ceramic material is 500nm-1μm.

[0046] Optionally, the spraying speed of the cold spraying is 600 m / s-800 m / s. For example, the spraying speed of the cold spraying is 600 m / s, 650 m / s, 700 m / s, 750 m / s, or 800 m / s. When the spraying speed of the cold spraying is less than 600 m / s, the ceramic material is easy to bounce after impacting the glass plate, which is not conducive to the adhesion of the ceramic material on the glass plate and affects the anti-reflection range of the anti-reflection film. When the spraying speed of the cold spraying is greater than 800 m / s, the ceramic material is easy to be crushed and scattered after impacting the glass plate, which causes the loss of the ceramic material and affects the anti-reflection range of the anti-reflection film. Preferably, the spraying speed of the cold spraying is 650 m / s-750 m / s.

[0047] Optionally, the carrier gas of the cold spraying can be He, N2, or Ar.

[0048] Optionally, the ceramic material is selected from at least one of SiO2, Nb2O5, Al2O3, TiO2, MgF2, Si3N4, SiON, AlON, TiZrO x , SiZrO x , SiAlN x , and SiAlO x .

[0049] The present embodiment can form an anti-reflection film with a multi-layer film layer by cold spraying different ceramic materials. Compared with forming a multi-layer film layer by a magnetron sputtering method, the equipment for forming a multi-layer film layer by cold spraying does not need to be customized, is relatively simple, has relatively low production cost, has relatively fast production rhythm, and is more suitable for mass industrial production.

[0050] Optionally, step 2 comprises: alternately cold spraying high-refractive ceramic materials and low-refractive ceramic materials on the signal transmission area of the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass plate to form alternately stacked high-refractive layers and low-refractive layers.

[0051] It can be understood that one high-refractive layer and one low-refractive layer adjacent to each other constitute a group of layers, and the number of groups of layers can be multiple groups, and the multiple groups of layers are stacked along the thickness direction of the anti-reflection film. Preferably, the number of groups of layers is at least 3 groups. Preferably, the number of groups of layers is at least 4 groups. The number of groups of layers can also be 2 groups, 5 groups, 6 groups, or 7 groups.

[0052] The refractive index of the high-refractive ceramic material can be 1.8-3.5. The refractive index of the low-refractive ceramic material can be 1.1-1.8. Some of the above-mentioned ceramic materials belong to high-refractive ceramic materials, and some of the above-mentioned ceramic materials belong to low-refractive ceramic materials. The refractive index of the ceramic material can be selected according to the refractive index of the ceramic material. It can be understood that the ceramic materials in the multiple high-refractive layers can be the same or different, and the ceramic materials in the multiple low-refractive layers can be the same or different.

[0053] Optionally, the difference between the refractive index of the ceramic material of the high refractive index layer and the ceramic material of the low refractive index layer is ≥ 0.3. Preferably, the difference between the refractive index of the ceramic material of the high refractive index layer and the ceramic material of the low refractive index layer is ≥ 0.4. Preferably, the difference between the refractive index of the ceramic material of the high refractive index layer and the ceramic material of the low refractive index layer is ≥ 0.5.

[0054] Optionally, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is independently ≥ 5 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is independently ≥ 20 nm. More preferably, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is independently ≥ 50 nm. More preferably, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is independently ≥ 80 nm. More preferably, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is independently ≥ 110 nm. Optionally, the thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is independently ≤ 500 nm.

[0055] Optionally, the transmittance of the anti-reflection film to light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm is ≥ 70%. At this time, the anti-reflection film is transparent. For example, the transmittance of the anti-reflection film to light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm is 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%. The transmittance of the anti-reflection film to light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm refers to the transmittance of light measured when light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm is incident on the anti-reflection film at an incident angle of 90°.

[0056] Optionally, the antireflection film has a transmittance <1% for light having a wavelength of 400-800 nm and a transmittance >85% for light having a wavelength of 850-1600 nm. In this case, the antireflection film can be black, achieving full shielding of the signal transmission area without attenuating the infrared signal transmittance. For example, the optical transmittance of the antireflection film in the wavelength range of 400-800 nm can be, but is not limited to, 0.9%, 0.8%, 0.7%, 0.6%, 0.5%, 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.2%, 0.1%, or a range formed by any two of these values. The optical transmittance of the antireflection film in the wavelength range of 850-1600 nm can be, but is not limited to, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or a range formed by any two of these values. Preferably, the optical transmittance of the antireflection film in the infrared wavelength range of 850-1600 nm is >90%. It should be noted that the transmittance of the antireflection film for light having a wavelength of 400-800 nm refers to the transmittance of light measured when light having a wavelength of 400-800 nm is incident on the antireflection film at an incident angle of 90°. The optical transmittance of the antireflection film for light having a wavelength of 850-1600 nm refers to the transmittance of light measured when light having a wavelength of 850-1600 nm is incident on the antireflection film at an incident angle of 90°.

[0057] Optionally, the four peripheral edges of the glass sheet are provided with ink, and the color difference ΔE between the antireflection film and the ink is ≤3. The colorimetric value L* of the ink is ≤5, and the colorimetric values a* = -1 ± 1 and b* = 0 ± 1.5.

[0058] Optionally, the thickness of the antireflection film is ≥500 nm. For example, the thickness of the antireflection film is 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, 1200 nm, 1400 nm, 1600 nm, 1800 nm, 2000 nm, 2200 nm, 2400 nm, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the antireflection film is ≤2500 nm.

[0059] The cold spraying of the ceramic material on the glass sheet can occur before or after the glass sheet is hot bent.

[0060] In some examples, before the cold spraying of the ceramic material on the glass sheet, the method further comprises the step of hot bending the glass sheet.

[0061] In some examples, after the cold spraying of the ceramic material on the glass sheet, the method further comprises the step of hot bending the glass sheet formed with the antireflection film.

[0062] Preferably, the glass sheet is first hot-bent, and then the ceramic material is cold-sprayed to form the anti-reflection film.

[0063] In the above example, the glass sheet comprises an outer glass sheet, a thermoplastic interlayer and an inner glass sheet; the outer glass sheet has opposite first and second surfaces, the inner glass sheet has opposite third and fourth surfaces, and the thermoplastic interlayer is bonded between the second surface and the third surface; the cold-spraying of the ceramic material on the signal transmission area of the glass sheet comprises the following steps: spraying the ceramic material on the signal transmission area of the fourth surface to prepare the windshield.

[0064] In some examples, the inner glass sheet is bonded to the outer glass sheet through the thermoplastic interlayer after being hot-bent and cold-sprayed to form the anti-reflection film, to prepare the windshield. That is, the anti-reflection film is cold-sprayed on the inner surface of the inner glass sheet. Optionally, the thickness of the inner glass sheet is less than the thickness of the outer glass sheet. Optionally, the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet are both super white glass or near-infrared low-absorption glass. The absorption coefficient of the near-infrared low-absorption glass is 0.04cm -1 -0.2cm -1 . Optionally, the thermoplastic interlayer is selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyurethane (PU). Preferably, the thermoplastic interlayer is polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

[0065] Optionally, the area of the windshield can be 1200000mm 2 -2000000mm 2 . The signal transmission area occupies a partial window of the windshield. The area of the signal transmission area can be 3000mm 2 -20000mm 2 . For example, the area of the signal transmission area can be 3000mm 2 , 5000mm 2 , 10000mm 2 , 20000mm 2 . Preferably, the area of the signal transmission area is 3000mm 2 -10000mm 2 .

[0066] The number of signal transmission areas is at least 1, and can also be 2, 3. In the present embodiment, the shape of the signal transmission area is trapezoidal.

[0067] The second aspect of the present application provides a windshield prepared by the preparation method as described above.

[0068] The third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a windshield as described above connected to the vehicle body.

[0069] The following further illustrates with specific examples and comparative examples, the raw materials involved in the following specific examples and comparative examples, if no special instructions, can be sourced from the market, the use of instruments, if no special instructions, can be sourced from the market, the process involved, if no special instructions, are routine selection for those skilled in the art.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] The present example provides a windshield and a method for preparing the same, the steps are as follows:

[0072] Step 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , provide a glass plate, the glass plate includes an outer glass plate 11, a thermoplastic interlayer 12 and an inner glass plate 13; the outer glass plate 11 has opposite first surface 11A and second surface 11B, the inner glass plate 13 has opposite third surface 13A and fourth surface 13B, the thermoplastic interlayer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In the present embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass plate, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass plate.

[0073] Step 2, ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area of the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass plate 13 by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0074] The particle size of the ceramic material used in the present example is 0.6 μm, and the spraying rate of cold spraying is 600 m / s.

[0075] The transmittance T1 of the glass plate of the present example to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 78.5%.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] The present example provides a windshield and a method for preparing the same, the steps are as follows:

[0078] Step 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , provide a glass plate, the glass plate includes an outer glass plate 11, a thermoplastic interlayer 12 and an inner glass plate 13; the outer glass plate 11 has opposite first surface 11A and second surface 11B, the inner glass plate 13 has opposite third surface 13A and fourth surface 13B, the thermoplastic interlayer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In the present embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass plate, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass plate.

[0079] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area of the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass sheet 13 by cold spraying to form the anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0080] The particle size of the ceramic material used in this embodiment is 0.6 μm, and the spraying speed of the cold spraying is 700 m / s.

[0081] The transmittance T1 of the glass sheet of this embodiment to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 79.4%.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] This embodiment provides a windshield and a method for manufacturing the same, and the steps are as follows:

[0084] Step 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 to provide a glass sheet, which includes an outer glass sheet 11, a thermoplastic intermediate layer 12, and an inner glass sheet 13; the outer glass sheet 11 has opposite first and second surfaces 11A and 11B, the inner glass sheet 13 has opposite third and fourth surfaces 13A and 13B, and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass sheet, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0085] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area of the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass sheet 13 by cold spraying to form the anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0086] The particle size of the ceramic material used in this embodiment is 0.6 μm, and the spraying speed of the cold spraying is 800 m / s.

[0087] The transmittance T1 of the glass sheet of this embodiment to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 78.6%.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] This embodiment provides a windshield and a method for manufacturing the same, and the steps are as follows:

[0090] Step 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, a glass sheet is provided, the glass sheet comprising an outer glass sheet 11, a thermoplastic interlayer 12 and an inner glass sheet 13; the outer glass sheet 11 has opposite first and second surfaces 11A and 11B, the inner glass sheet 13 has opposite third and fourth surfaces 13A and 13B, and the thermoplastic interlayer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass sheet, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0091] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area on the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass sheet 13 by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0092] The particle size of the ceramic material used in this embodiment is 0.2 μm, and the spraying rate of cold spraying is 700 m / s.

[0093] The transmittance T1 of the glass sheet of this embodiment to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 78.1%.

[0094] Example 5

[0095] This embodiment provides a windshield and a method for preparing the same, the steps of which are as follows:

[0096] Step 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a glass sheet is provided, the glass sheet comprising an outer glass sheet 11, a thermoplastic interlayer 12 and an inner glass sheet 13; the outer glass sheet 11 has opposite first and second surfaces 11A and 11B, the inner glass sheet 13 has opposite third and fourth surfaces 13A and 13B, and the thermoplastic interlayer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass sheet, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0097] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area on the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass sheet 13 by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0098] The particle size of the ceramic material used in this embodiment is 1.2 μm, and the spraying rate of cold spraying is 700 m / s.

[0099] The transmittance T1 of the glass sheet of this embodiment to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 78.5%.

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] The comparative example provides a windshield and a preparation method thereof, steps as follows:

[0102] Step 1, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , provide a glass plate, the glass plate includes an outer glass plate 11, a thermoplastic intermediate layer 12 and an inner glass plate 13; the outer glass plate 11 has opposite first surface 11A and second surface 11B, the inner glass plate 13 has opposite third surface 13A and fourth surface 13B, and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A.In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass plate, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass plate.

[0103] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area on the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass plate 13 by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0104] The particle size of the ceramic material used in the comparative example is 0.6 μm, and the spraying rate of cold spraying is 500 m / s.

[0105] The transmittance T1 of the glass plate of the comparative example to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 76.8%.

[0106] Comparative Example 2

[0107] The comparative example provides a windshield and a preparation method thereof, steps as follows:

[0108] Step 1, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , provide a glass plate, the glass plate includes an outer glass plate 11, a thermoplastic intermediate layer 12 and an inner glass plate 13; the outer glass plate 11 has opposite first surface 11A and second surface 11B, the inner glass plate 13 has opposite third surface 13A and fourth surface 13B, and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A.In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass plate, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass plate.

[0109] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area on the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass plate 13 by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0110] The particle size of the ceramic material used in the comparative example is 0.6 μm, and the spraying rate of cold spraying is 900 m / s.

[0111] The glass sheet of this comparative example has a transmittance T1 of 75.1% for light having a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65°, and the area of the windshield covered by the antireflection film has a transmittance T2 of 77.4% for light having a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65°.

[0112] Comparative Example 3

[0113] This comparative example provides a windshield and a method for manufacturing the same, the steps of which are as follows:

[0114] Step 1, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a glass sheet is provided, the glass sheet comprising an outer glass sheet 11, a thermoplastic interlayer 12, and an inner glass sheet 13; the outer glass sheet 11 has opposite first and second surfaces 11A and 11B, the inner glass sheet 13 has opposite third and fourth surfaces 13A and 13B, and the thermoplastic interlayer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass sheet, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0115] Step 2, a ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area of the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass sheet 13 by cold spraying to form an antireflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0116] The particle size of the ceramic material used in this comparative example is 0.15 μm, and the spraying rate of the cold spraying is 700 m / s.

[0117] The glass sheet of this comparative example has a transmittance T1 of 75.1% for light having a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65°, and the area of the windshield covered by the antireflection film has a transmittance T2 of 76.9% for light having a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65°.

[0118] Comparative Example 4

[0119] This comparative example provides a windshield and a method for manufacturing the same, the steps of which are as follows:

[0120] Step 1, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a glass sheet is provided, the glass sheet comprising an outer glass sheet 11, a thermoplastic interlayer 12, and an inner glass sheet 13; the outer glass sheet 11 has opposite first and second surfaces 11A and 11B, the inner glass sheet 13 has opposite third and fourth surfaces 13A and 13B, and the thermoplastic interlayer 12 is bonded between the second surface 11B and the third surface 13A. In this embodiment, the first surface 11A is the outer surface of the glass sheet, and the fourth surface 13B is the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0121] Step 2: ceramic material is applied to the signal transmission area of the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass plate 13 by cold spraying to form the anti-reflection film 14 on the signal transmission area.

[0122] The particle size of the ceramic material used in the present comparative example is 1.3 μm, and the spraying rate of cold spraying is 700 m / s.

[0123] The transmittance T1 of the glass plate of the present comparative example to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 75.1%, and the transmittance T2 of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 905 nm at an incident angle of 65° is 77.8%.

[0124] It should be noted that the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 13 in the glass plates of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are both super white glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the thermoplastic interlayer 12 in the glass plates of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 is all PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm.

[0125] It should be noted that the anti-reflection films of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 each include high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers stacked in sequence, wherein the high refractive index layers are all Si3N4, the refractive index of Si3N4 is 1.9, and the low refractive index layers are all SiO2, the refractive index of SiO2 is 1.5. From the fourth surface 13B of the inner glass plate 13, along the thickness direction of the anti-reflection film, the first stacked structure D1 includes a high refractive index layer H1 and a low refractive index layer L1, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H1 is 40 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L1 is 21 nm; the second stacked structure D2 includes a high refractive index layer H2 and a low refractive index layer L2, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H2 is 47 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L2 is 102 nm; the third stacked structure D3 includes a high refractive index layer H3 and a low refractive index layer L3, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H3 is 7 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L3 is 69 nm; the fourth stacked structure D4 includes a high refractive index layer H4 and a low refractive index layer L4, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H4 is 30 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L4 is 52 nm; the fifth stacked structure D5 includes a high refractive index layer H5 and a low refractive index layer L5, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H5 is 7 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L5 is 142 nm; the sixth stacked structure D6 includes a high refractive index layer H6 and a low refractive index layer L6, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H6 is 40 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L6 is 19 nm; the seventh stacked structure D7 includes a high refractive index layer H7 and a low refractive index layer L7, the thickness of the high refractive index layer H7 is 47 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer L7 is 302 nm.

[0126] The particle size and spraying rate of the ceramic material in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 have an anti-reflection effect on the signal transmission area of the windshield as shown in Table 1.

[0127] Table 1

[0128]

[0129] Each technical feature of the above-described embodiments can be combined with any other technical feature, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations are described, but it is understood that the scope of the present disclosure includes all such possible combinations.

[0130] The above-described embodiments are merely representative of several embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present disclosure, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the patent of the present disclosure should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a windscreen, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, providing a glass sheet having an inner surface and an outer surface; Step 2, applying a ceramic material to the signal transmission area on the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass sheet by cold spraying to form an anti-reflection film on the signal transmission area; The particle size of the ceramic material is 200 nm-1.2 μm; The spraying speed of the cold spraying is 600 m / s-800 m / s.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The transmittance of the glass sheet to light with a wavelength of 850 nm-1600 nm at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T1, the transmittance of the area covered by the anti-reflection film in the windshield to light with a wavelength of 850 nm-1600 nm at an incident angle of 60°-70° is recorded as T2, the particle size of the ceramic material and the spraying speed of the cold spraying are adjusted so that T2-T1≥3%.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein The particle size of the ceramic material is 500 nm-1 μm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein The spraying speed of the cold spraying is 650 m / s-750 m / s.

5. The method of claim 1 to 4, characterized in that The ceramic material is selected from at least one of Si02, Nb205, AI2O3, Ti02, MgF2, Si3N4, SiON, AION, TiZr02 x , SiZr02 x , SiAI1N x and SiAI1O x .

6. The method of claim 1 to 4, characterized in that In step 2, the ceramic material with high refractive index and the ceramic material with low refractive index are alternately cold sprayed on the signal transmission area on the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the glass sheet to form alternately stacked high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the glass sheet is a windshield. The difference between the refractive index of the ceramic material of the high refractive index layer and the ceramic material of the low refractive index layer is ≥0.

3.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the glass sheet is a windshield. The thickness of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive layer is independently ≥5 nm.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein The transmittance of the anti-reflection film to light with a wavelength of 400 nm-800 nm is ≥70%.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein The transmittance of the anti-reflection film to light with a wavelength of 400 nm-800 nm is <1% and the transmittance of the anti-reflection film to light with a wavelength of 850 nm-1600 nm is >85%.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the windshield is prepared by a method comprising: The periphery of the glass sheet is provided with ink, and the color difference ΔE between the anti-reflection film and the ink is ≤3.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein The thickness of the anti-reflection film is ≥500 nm.

13. The method of claim 1 to 4, 7 to 12, wherein, Before step 2, the glass sheet is also hot-bent and formed.

14. The method of claim 1 to 4, 7 to 12, wherein, After step 2, the glass sheet formed with the anti-reflection film is also hot-bent and formed.

15. The method for manufacturing the windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7 to 12, wherein In step 1, the glass sheet comprises an outer glass sheet, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and an inner glass sheet, the outer glass sheet has opposite first and second surfaces, the inner glass sheet has opposite third and fourth surfaces, and the thermoplastic intermediate layer is bonded between the second surface and the third surface; In step 2, the ceramic material is cold sprayed on the signal transmission area on the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet.

16. A windshield characterized by, Manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A vehicle characterized by comprising: A vehicle body and the windshield of claim 16 connected to the vehicle body.

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