A method and device for pretreatment of organic pollutants in soil

Abstract

The application discloses a soil pretreatment field and discloses a pretreatment method and device for organic contaminant in soil, which comprises a box body, a feeding port is arranged on the top wall of the box body, a motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body, a crank rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a protruding part is arranged on the crank rod, a movable rod is hingedly connected to the protruding part, a rotating block is hingedly connected to the side of the movable rod away from the crank rod, and a main shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating block; a partition plate is fixedly connected in the box body, the crank rod drives the main shaft to rotate horizontally through gear transmission; the main shaft extends to the top wall through the partition plate, a grinding disc is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the main shaft, a plurality of grinding grooves are arranged on the top wall of the box body, a plurality of small knife gate valves are arranged on the grinding disc, a fine filter disc is fixedly connected to the middle portion of the main shaft, an elastic filter membrane is arranged in the fine filter disc, a plurality of grinding balls are arranged on the fine filter disc, a discharging port is arranged on the box body, and the discharging port is located on the upper side of the partition plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of soil pretreatment, and particularly relates to a pretreatment method and device for organic pollutant in soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] Construction land is widely used, and is generally classified into residential land, industrial land, public facility land, commercial and service land, logistics and storage land, traffic facility land, municipal public facility land, road and square land, green land, and special land. The content of organic pollutants in the soil of industrial land is relatively high. For example, the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are organic pollutants, in coking industrial land is high, and the content of phthalate esters, which are organic pollutants, in ink and packaging factory land is high. The pollution of semi-volatile organic compounds in the soil lasts for a long time, including but not limited to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalate esters and other substances. Taking PAHs as an example, PAHs are ubiquitous environmental persistent pollutants, have carcinogenicity, account for more than 1 / 3 of the total amount of carcinogenic substances in nature, are difficult to degrade, and seriously threaten the ecological environment and the health of animals and plants. Therefore, detecting target organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalate esters, nitroaromatics and phenols in the soil can obtain the content of the target organic pollutants in the soil, and can provide technical support for treating the soil.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, patent publication CN114669468B discloses a contaminated soil pretreatment screening device, which comprises a screening box, a first motor is fixed to the upper end of the screening box, a drive shaft is fixed to the output shaft end of the first motor, the lower end of the drive shaft extends into the screening box, a stirring assembly is arranged at the lower end of the drive shaft, a heating element is arranged on the stirring assembly, a mounting seat is slidably connected in the screening box, a screening net is fixed to the inner periphery of the mounting seat, the screening net is located below the stirring shaft, an elastic assembly is arranged between the lower end of the mounting seat and the inner lower end of the screening box, and a lifting assembly is arranged between the upper side of the mounting seat and the drive shaft.

[0004] The contaminated soil pretreatment screening device breaks the soil through the stirring assembly, but the disassembling effect of stirring is limited, and it is difficult to achieve good breaking effect on hard soil blocks, and the broken soil is relatively coarse, and the soil is easily mixed with organic pollutants, so that the screening effect of organic pollutants in subsequent treatment is reduced. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the broken soil is relatively coarse in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a pretreatment method and device for organic pollutants in soil, which can ball mill the soil to make the broken soil finer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a pretreatment device for organic matter pollutants in soil, comprising a box body, the top wall of the box body is provided with an inlet, the bottom of the box body is fixedly connected with a motor, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a crank rod, the crank rod is provided with a protruding part, the protruding part is hingedly connected with a movable rod, the side of the movable rod away from the crank rod is hingedly connected with a rotating block, the rotating block is rotatably connected with a main shaft;

[0007] A partition plate is fixedly connected in the box body, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected on the crank rod, the side of the partition plate close to the bottom of the box body is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is engaged with the first bevel gear, a first gear is fixedly connected on the rotating shaft, the first gear is engaged with a second gear for transmission, the side surface of the main shaft close to the rotating block is provided with a tooth pattern, the length of the tooth pattern is greater than twice the height of the protruding part, the second gear is engaged with the tooth pattern.

[0008] The main shaft extends to the top wall direction through the partition plate, a grinding disc is fixedly connected on the upper part of the main shaft, a plurality of grinding grooves are provided on the top wall of the box body, a plurality of small knife gate valves are provided on the grinding disc, a fine filter disc is fixedly connected on the middle part of the main shaft, an elastic filter membrane with small pores is arranged in the fine filter disc, a plurality of grinding balls are arranged on the fine filter disc, and a discharge port is arranged on the box body, which is located on the upper side of the partition plate.

[0009] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: the collected soil is put into the inlet, and the soil falls on the grinding disc. The motor is started, the motor drives the crank rod to rotate, the crank rod drives the movable rod to rotate, the movable rod pulls the rotating block, the main shaft moves with the rotating block, the main shaft passes through the partition plate, and is therefore constrained by the partition plate. When the movable rod moves with the crank rod, the main shaft only moves up and down repeatedly. At the same time, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are engaged, so that the transmission direction of the crank rod is turned, the second bevel gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the first gear rotates through the second gear transmission, and the main shaft rotates through the second gear transmission. The length of the tooth pattern is greater than twice the height of the protruding part, so that the second gear can still engage with the tooth pattern when the main shaft moves up and down. The rotating block is rotatably connected with the main shaft, so that the torque is not transmitted to the movable rod during the rotation of the main shaft.

[0010] The grinding disc moves up and down and rotates under the action of the main shaft. In the upward movement, the grinding disc abuts against the top wall of the box body, and the top wall of the box body is provided with a grinding groove. The soil is ground by the grinding groove through abutting against the top wall and rotating. The dust is gradually and uniformly distributed in the grinding disc in the continuous up-and-down movement. Abutting against the top wall can evenly smear the piled dust. Grinding can powder the hard soil, so that it is broken into fine particles. After powdering, the small knife gate valve is opened, and the soil falls into the fine filter disc. The fine filter disc is provided with a plurality of grinding balls. The fine filter disc also moves up and down and rotates with the main shaft. The rotation can make the grinding balls collide and extrude on the fine filter disc, further grinding the soil, so that it is beaten into smaller particles. The filter membrane is elastic. When the fine filter disc moves up and down, the grinding balls and the soil accumulate elastic force on the filter membrane and release when the direction is changed, so that the grinding balls and the soil collide in the vertical direction, improve the impact effect, and make the soil be broken more fully. The pore is used for screening soil particles. When the soil is ground by the ball mill to a size that can pass through the pore, it falls on the partition plate. The user can collect the soil through the discharge port.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the grinding and ball milling processes are driven by the same transmission system. The grinding disc can powder the hard soil through the grinding groove, and make the soil uniformly distributed on the grinding disc in the up-and-down movement and contact with the top wall, so that the soil can be uniformly distributed on the fine filter disc in the subsequent ball milling process. The fine filter disc further grinds the soil with the grinding balls, so that the soil is finer, which is beneficial to subsequent processing. At the same time, the elastic filter membrane mixes the grinding balls and the soil in the vertical direction, and strengthens the ball milling effect.

[0012] Further, the main shaft is connected with the grinding disc through an elastic member. The elastic member is provided with an extension rod for transmitting torque.

[0013] Beneficial effect: According to the amount of added soil, it is easy to produce soil that does not touch the top wall or cause excessive load on the motor, which shortens the service life of the motor. The elastic member can change the length according to the amount of added soil, compensate for the height of the grinding disc when the soil is too little, and provide a buffer space when the soil is too much. The elastic member also buffers the torque during rotation, so the extension rod is provided for transmitting torque to make the grinding disc rotate.

[0014] Further, the inlet is provided with an inlet hopper, and the top of the inlet hopper is provided with a filter screen for intercepting large solid blocks.

[0015] Beneficial effect: The soil often mixes plant roots, household garbage, stones and bone fragments and other impurities. The filter screen can preliminarily filter the impurities when the soil is put in, reducing the probability of impurities entering the grinding disc.

[0016] Further, the inlet is fixedly connected with an electric control flap, and the lower surface of the electric control flap is provided with a plurality of grinding grooves.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The electrically controlled flap door can close the material inlet. It can reduce the amount of soil flying out of the material inlet on the grinding disc, ensuring the grinding effect.

[0018] Further, the material inlet funnel is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and the material inlet funnel is externally provided with a heating resistor.

[0019] Beneficial effects: After the electrically controlled flap door is closed, the soil will accumulate in the material inlet funnel. At this time, the heating resistor is powered on to bake the soil, reduce the moisture in the soil, and reduce the adhesion of the soil, making it easier to break into powder.

[0020] Further, the cleaning door is arranged on the side wall of the box body and located below the top wall of the box body.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Residual soil may appear on the grinding disc and the fine filter disc, affecting the composition of the soil for subsequent processing. The cleaning door can be opened to clean the residual soil and reduce the impact of the residual soil.

[0022] Further, the side of the partition plate close to the discharge port is lower than the side of the partition plate away from the discharge port, and the side of the partition plate away from the discharge port is provided with an air blower.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Soil that is crushed to a small enough size will fall on the partition plate. The side of the partition plate close to the discharge port is lower than the side of the partition plate away from the discharge port, so that the soil will slide towards the discharge port, facilitating collection. The air blower can generate air towards the discharge port, providing more power for the soil to slide, facilitating the user to collect the soil.

[0024] Further, the soil organic pollutant pretreatment method based on the soil organic pollutant pretreatment device includes the following steps:

[0025] Step one: Collect the soil, remove the larger impurities in the soil, close the electrically controlled flap door, pour the soil into the material inlet funnel, and power on the heating resistor to bake the soil;

[0026] Step two: Wait for the soil to dry, open the electrically controlled flap door, and after the soil falls into the grinding disc, close the electrically controlled flap door and start the motor to pretreat the soil.

[0027] Step three: Place a container outside the discharge port to receive the pretreated soil.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The soil is pretreated by the pretreatment device, so that the quality of the pretreatment is better, the soil is finer, and the labor consumption is less. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The drawings are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0031] The reference signs in the attached drawings of the specification include: box 1, motor 2, curved rod 3, protruding part 4, movable rod 5, rotating block 6, main shaft 7, partition plate 8, first bevel gear 9, rotating shaft 10, second bevel gear 11, first gear 12, second gear 13, tooth pattern 14, grinding disc 15, grinding groove 16, small knife gate valve 17, fine filter disc 18, grinding ball 19, discharge port 20, elastic member 21, telescopic rod 22, feeding hopper 23, filter screen 24, electric control flap 25, heating resistor 26, cleaning door 27, air blower 28.

[0032] Example one

[0033] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached drawings: Figure 1

[0034] A soil organic matter pollutant pretreatment method and device, comprising a box 1, an inlet is formed in the top wall of the box 1, a motor 2 is fixed on the bottom of the box 1 by screws, the model of the motor 2 is PDz5757d, a curved rod 3 is welded and fixed on the output shaft of the motor 2, a protruding part 4 is arranged on the curved rod 3, a movable rod 5 is hinged to the protruding part 4, a rotating block 6 is hinged to the side of the movable rod 5 away from the curved rod 3, and a main shaft 7 is rotationally connected to the rotating block 6;

[0035] A partition plate 8 is fixed in the box 1 by screws, a first bevel gear 9 is welded and fixed on the curved rod 3, a rotating shaft 10 is rotationally connected to the side of the partition plate 8 close to the bottom of the box 1, a second bevel gear 11 is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft 10, the second bevel gear 11 is engaged with the first bevel gear 9, a first gear 12 is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft 10, a second gear 13 for transmission is engaged with the first gear 12, and a tooth pattern 14 is formed in the surface of the side of the main shaft 7 close to the rotating block 6, the length of the tooth pattern 14 is greater than twice the height of the protruding part 4, and the second gear 13 is engaged with the tooth pattern 14;

[0036] The main shaft 7 extends to the top wall through the partition plate 8, a grinding disc 15 is fixed on the upper part of the main shaft 7 by screws, a plurality of grinding grooves 16 are formed in the top wall of the box 1, a plurality of small knife gate valves 17 are installed on the grinding disc 15, the model of the small knife gate valves 17 is PZ673H, a fine filter disc 18 is fixed on the middle part of the main shaft 7 by screws, a filter membrane with elasticity and small pores is arranged in the fine filter disc 18, a plurality of grinding balls 19 are placed on the fine filter disc 18, and a discharge port 20 is formed in the box 1, and the discharge port 20 is located on the upper side of the partition plate 8.

[0037] ​The specific implementation process is as follows: the collected soil is put into the inlet, and the soil falls on the grinding disc 15. Start the motor 2, the motor 2 drives the crank rod 3 to rotate, the crank rod 3 drives the movable rod 5 to rotate, the movable rod 5 pulls the rotating block 6, the main shaft 7 moves with the movable rod 5, the main shaft 7 passes through the partition plate 8, so it is constrained by the partition plate 8, when the movable rod 5 moves with the crank rod 3, the main shaft 7 only moves up and down repeatedly. At the same time, the first bevel gear 9 and the second bevel gear 11 mesh, so that the transmission direction of the crank rod 3 is changed, the second bevel gear 11 drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, the first gear 12 rotates, the first gear 12 drives the main shaft 7 to rotate through the second gear 13. The length of the tooth 14 is greater than twice the height of the protruding part 4, so when the main shaft 7 moves up and down, the second gear 13 can still mesh with the tooth 14. The rotating block 6 is connected with the main shaft 7, so that the torque is not transmitted to the movable rod 5 during the rotation of the main shaft 7.

[0038] The grinding disc 15 moves up and down and rotates under the action of the main shaft 7, and in the upward movement, the grinding disc 15 abuts against the top wall of the box body 1, the top wall of the box body 1 is provided with a grinding groove 16, and the soil is ground by the grinding groove 16 by abutting against the top wall of the box body 1 and rotating, the dust is gradually and uniformly distributed in the grinding disc 15 in the continuous up and down movement, and abutting against the top wall of the box body 1 can smooth the piled dust. Grinding can powderize the hard soil, so that it is broken into fine particles. After powderization, open the small knife gate valve 17, the soil falls into the fine filter disc 18, and the fine filter disc 18 is provided with a plurality of grinding balls 19. The fine filter disc 18 also moves up and down and rotates with the main shaft 7, and the rotation can make the grinding balls 19 collide and extrude on the fine filter disc 18, further grinding the soil, so that it is hit into smaller particles. The filter membrane has elasticity, when the fine filter disc 18 moves up and down, the grinding balls 19 and the soil accumulate elastic force on the filter membrane, and release when the direction is changed, so that the grinding balls 19 and the soil collide in the vertical direction, improve the impact effect, make the soil be broken more fully, and promote the mixing of the grinding balls 19 and the soil. The pore is used for screening soil particles, when the soil is ball milled to be able to pass through the pore, it falls on the partition plate 8, and the user can collect the soil through the discharge port 20.

[0039] In the invention, the grinding and ball milling processes are driven by the same transmission system, the grinding disc 15 can powderize the hard soil through the grinding groove 16, and make the soil uniformly distributed on the grinding disc 15 in the up and down movement and contact with the top wall, so that the soil can be uniformly distributed on the fine filter disc 18 in the subsequent ball milling process; the fine filter disc 18 further grinds the soil through the grinding balls 19, so that the soil is finer, which is conducive to subsequent processing, and the elastic filter membrane makes the grinding balls 19 and the soil mix in the vertical direction, and strengthens the ball milling effect.

[0040] Example two

[0041] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the main shaft 7 is connected with the grinding disc 15 through the elastic member 21, and the telescopic rod 22 for transmitting the torsion is installed in the elastic member 21.

[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows: according to the different amount of added soil, under the rotation of the curved rod 3, the top wall of the soil is not easily reached, or the motor 2 is caused to have an excessive load and its service life is shortened. The elastic member 21 can change the length according to the amount of added soil, compensate for the height of the grinding disc 15 when the soil is insufficient, and provide a buffer space when the soil is excessive. The elastic member 21 also buffers the torsion during rotation, so the telescopic rod 22 is arranged for transmitting the torsion to rotate the grinding disc 15.

[0043] Embodiment three

[0044] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the feeding funnel 23 is fixedly attached to the feeding port, and the filter screen 24 for intercepting large solid blocks is arranged at the top of the feeding funnel 23.

[0045] The specific implementation process is as follows: impurities such as plant roots, household garbage, stones and bone fragments are often mixed in the soil. The filter screen 24 can preliminarily filter the impurities when the soil is put in, reducing the probability of the impurities entering the grinding disc 15.

[0046] Embodiment four

[0047] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the electric control flap 25 is screw-fixed in the feeding port, the model of the electric control flap 25 is YPM150, and a plurality of grinding grooves 16 are arranged on the lower surface of the electric control flap 25.

[0048] The specific implementation process is as follows: the electric control flap 25 can close the feeding port. The amount of soil flying out of the feeding port on the grinding disc 15 can be reduced, and the grinding effect can be ensured.

[0049] Embodiment five

[0050] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the feeding funnel 23 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and the heating resistor 26 is screw-fixed outside the feeding funnel 23.

[0051] The specific implementation process is as follows: after the electric control flap 25 is closed, the soil will accumulate in the feeding funnel 23, at this time, the heating resistor 26 is powered on to bake the soil, reduce the moisture in the soil, and reduce the adhesion of the soil, so that the soil is more easily broken into powder.

[0052] Embodiment six

[0053] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiments is that the cleaning door 27 is installed on the side wall of the box body 1, and the cleaning door 27 is located below the top wall of the box body 1.

[0054] The specific implementation process is as follows: residual soil may appear on the grinding disc 15 and the fine filter disc 18, affecting the composition of the soil in subsequent processing. The cleaning door 27 can be opened to clean the residual soil and reduce the impact of residual soil.

[0055] Example seven

[0056] The difference from the above examples is that the upper surface of the partition plate 8 near the discharge port 20 is lower than the side of the partition plate 8 away from the discharge port 20, and the side of the partition plate 8 away from the discharge port 20 is fixed with a wind drum 28, and the model of the wind drum 28 is WGB-0.3.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: soil that is crushed to be small enough will fall on the partition plate 8, and the side of the partition plate 8 near the discharge port 20 is lower than the side of the partition plate 8 away from the discharge port 20, so that the soil will slide towards the discharge port 20, facilitating collection. The wind drum 28 can generate wind in the direction of the discharge port 20, providing more power for soil sliding, facilitating the user to collect the soil.

[0058] Example eight

[0059] The difference from the above examples is that the soil organic matter pollutant pretreatment method based on the soil organic matter pollutant pretreatment device includes the following steps:

[0060] Step one, collect the soil, remove the larger impurities in the soil, close the electric control flap 25, pour the soil into the inlet hopper 23, and power on the heating resistor 26 to bake the soil;

[0061] Step two, wait for the soil to dry, open the electric control flap 25, and after the soil falls into the grinding disc 15, close the electric control flap 25, start the motor 2, and pretreat the soil.

[0062] Step three, place a container outside the discharge port 20 to receive the pretreated soil.

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows: the soil is pretreated by the pretreatment device, so that the pretreatment quality is better, the soil is finer, and the labor consumption is less.

[0064] The above-mentioned are only embodiments of the present application, and the common knowledge of specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described too much herein. The ordinary skilled person in the art knows all the ordinary technical knowledge in the field of the present application before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in the field, and has the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary skilled person in the art can perfect and implement the present scheme under the guidance of the present application, combined with their own ability. Some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for the ordinary skilled person in the art to implement the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application. These will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for organic pollutants in soil, characterized in that: The device includes a housing, with a feed inlet on the top wall of the housing and a motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing. A crank is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a protrusion is provided on the crank. A movable rod is hinged to the protrusion, and a rotating block is hinged to the side of the movable rod away from the crank. The rotating block is rotatably connected to a main shaft. A partition is fixedly connected inside the housing. A first helical gear is fixedly connected to the crank. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the side of the partition near the bottom of the housing. A second helical gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The second helical gear meshes with the first helical gear. A first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The first gear meshes with a second gear for transmission. The surface of the main shaft near the rotating block is provided with toothed patterns. The length of the toothed patterns is greater than twice the height of the protrusion. The second gear meshes with the toothed patterns. The main shaft extends through the partition towards the top wall. A grinding disc is fixedly connected to the upper part of the main shaft. Several grinding grooves are provided on the top wall of the box. Several small knife gate valves are provided on the grinding disc. A fine filter disc is fixedly connected to the middle of the main shaft. An elastic filter membrane with small pores is provided inside the fine filter disc. Several grinding balls are provided on the fine filter disc. The box has a discharge port located on the upper side of the partition. The main shaft is connected to the grinding disc via an elastic element, and the elastic element contains a telescopic rod for transmitting torque. An electrically controlled flap gate is fixedly connected inside the feed inlet, and the grinding groove is located on the lower surface of the electrically controlled flap gate. When the main shaft moves up and down, the second gear can still mesh with the tooth pattern; the rotating block is rotatably connected to the main shaft, so that the torque will not be transmitted to the moving rod during the rotation of the main shaft.

2. The pretreatment device for organic pollutants in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlet is equipped with a feed funnel, and the top of the feed funnel is equipped with a filter screen for intercepting large solid pieces.

3. The pretreatment device for organic pollutants in soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed hopper is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and a heating resistor is installed on the outside of the feed hopper.

4. The pretreatment device for organic pollutants in soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cleaning door is provided on the side wall of the enclosure, and the cleaning door is located on the lower side of the top wall of the enclosure.

5. The pretreatment device for organic pollutants in soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the partition plate is lower on the side closer to the discharge port than on the side farther from the discharge port. A blower is installed on the side of the partition plate farther from the discharge port.

6. A pretreatment method for organic pollutants in soil, characterized in that: A method for pretreating organic pollutants in soil based on the pretreatment device for organic pollutants in soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect soil, remove large impurities from the soil, close the electric flap gate, pour the soil into the feed hopper, and energize the heating resistor to bake the soil. Step 2: Wait for the soil to dry, open the electric flapping gate, let the soil fall into the grinding disc, then close the electric flapping gate, start the motor, and pre-treat the soil. Step 3: Place a container outside the discharge port to receive the pretreated soil.

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