An underground coal slime dewatering device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of underground slime dewatering device, to solve the deficiency of uneven size of coal slime particles in prior art, poor dewatering effect.The application solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions: including: dewatering device, including porous filter bed, water suction device is arranged at the bottom of porous filter bed;Sludge discharge device is arranged at the end of porous filter bed;Water distribution device, coal slime is sprayed on porous filter bed;Transport device, transport dewatered coal slime.In the application, the dewatering treatment of coal slime is carried out by suction filtration of porous filter bed, which can realize the dewatering of coal slime particles of different sizes, improve the dewatering effect, and the equipment of the application adopts pry dress form, convenient transportation and installation, and the equipment occupies small area, thereby solving the problems of large occupation area and complex installation and debugging in prior art equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal slime dewatering devices, and more particularly to an underground coal slime dewatering device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cleaning of the water sump in the coal mine is mainly dependent on manual dredging, but the coal slime produced by the cleaning has a high water content and cannot be directly utilized, and needs to be further dewatered. Due to the narrow space in the underground, it is difficult to further dewater the coal slime, and there is a lack of corresponding underground coal slime dewatering technology and equipment.

[0003] At present, the conventional sludge dewatering equipment includes a stacked-screw dewatering machine, a belt-type pressure filtration dewatering machine, a centrifugal dewatering machine, and a plate-and-frame dewatering machine. The coal slime contains many large-particle substances with different hardnesses, which can easily damage the impeller of the stacked-screw dewatering machine, and therefore the stacked-screw dewatering machine is not suitable; the belt-type pressure filtration dewatering machine is complex to operate, has a high requirement for the skills of the operator, needs to constantly prepare corresponding flocculants for different coal slime water, has a high working intensity but a low efficiency, and therefore has poor applicability; both the centrifugal dewatering machine and the plate-and-frame dewatering machine need to dewater the coal slime water in batches, and have a long single-operation cycle and a low processing efficiency, and therefore have unsatisfactory applicability.

[0004] Chinese Patent No. CN210711233U, published on June 9, 2020, discloses a vacuum filtration system for coal slime drying. The coal slime dewatering system includes a concentration pool, a vacuum filtration machine, and a drying machine connected in sequence. The vacuum filtration machine includes a rack, and a filter belt driven on the rack. A plurality of vacuum filtration discs are sequentially adsorbed below the filter belt in the driving direction of the filter belt. The plurality of vacuum filtration discs are connected to a vacuum pump through a pipeline. A pressure relief valve is arranged on the pipeline connected to the vacuum filtration disc. A travel switch for automatically closing the pressure relief valve is arranged upstream of the filter belt. An end switch for automatically opening the pressure relief valve is arranged downstream of the filter belt. A support for supporting the vacuum filtration disc and reciprocally moving between the travel switch and the end switch is arranged below the plurality of vacuum filtration discs. The support is arranged on the rack. Although the vacuum filtration system in the above patent document is simple to operate, it has a large equipment footprint and a low water efficiency, and has poor applicability. SUMMARY

[0005] This invention overcomes the following shortcomings of the prior art: (1) poor dewatering effect for coal slime particles of different sizes; (2) large footprint and complex installation and debugging of the technology and equipment; (3) low degree of automation and the need for multiple professionals to operate on-site; it provides an underground coal slime dewatering device, which dewaters coal slime by means of filter bed filtration, and can dewater coal slime particles of different sizes, thus improving the dewatering effect. In addition, the equipment of this invention adopts a skid-mounted form, which is convenient for transportation and installation, and the equipment occupies a small area, thereby solving the problems of large footprint and complex installation and debugging in the prior art equipment; the equipment of this invention adopts remote control technology and automatic control technology to realize on-site management with fewer or no people, thus solving the problems of the prior art requiring multiple professionals to operate on-site and low degree of automation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an underground coal slime dewatering device, comprising:

[0007] The dewatering device includes a porous filter bed and a water absorption device disposed at the bottom of the porous filter bed;

[0008] A sludge removal device is installed at the end of the porous filter bed;

[0009] The water distribution device sprays coal slurry onto the porous filter bed;

[0010] External transport equipment transports dewatered coal slurry.

[0011] This invention uses a porous filter bed for dewatering coal slime, enabling dewatering of coal slime particles of different sizes and improving the dewatering effect. Furthermore, the equipment is skid-mounted, facilitating transportation and installation, and minimizing its footprint, thus solving the problems of large footprint and complex installation and commissioning in existing technologies. The equipment also employs remote control and automation technologies, enabling minimal or no on-site management, addressing the issues of existing technologies requiring specialized personnel for on-site operation and having low automation levels.

[0012] Preferably, the water suction device includes a filter funnel located at the bottom of the porous filter bed and a vacuum water pump; the vacuum water pump and the filter funnel are connected by a filter funnel outlet pipe.

[0013] When the vacuum water pump is working, it generates negative pressure inside the filter bucket, causing the water in the coal slurry laid on the porous filter bed to seep out through the filter holes. The seeping water flows along the filter bucket into the filter bucket outlet pipe and is then discharged through the vacuum pump outlet pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the sludge removal device includes a sludge removal hydraulic device disposed at one end of the porous filter bed, and a telescopic rod disposed at the end of the sludge removal hydraulic device along the length of the porous filter bed, and a sludge removal plate disposed at the end of the telescopic rod.

[0015] After the coal slime installed on the porous filter bed has finished dewatering, the telescopic rod extends to discharge the coal slime from the porous filter bed.

[0016] Preferably, the water distribution device includes a water distribution vehicle, the top of which is provided with a water distribution beam rod arranged along the width direction of the porous filter bed, and the water distribution beam rod is provided with several water distribution heads.

[0017] The water distribution beam allows the coal slime to be evenly spread on the porous filter plate.

[0018] Preferably, the water distribution device also includes a water distribution wheel rail arranged along the length of the filter bed, and the water distribution vehicle moves along the water distribution wheel rail.

[0019] The use of rail-mounted water distribution vehicles enables the transport of heavier coal slurry.

[0020] Preferably, two sets of porous filter beds are provided, and the water distribution device is located between the two sets of porous filter beds.

[0021] To improve the efficiency of coal slime dewatering, this embodiment uses two sets of porous filter beds arranged in parallel, with a water distribution wheel track positioned between them. Two water distribution beams are symmetrically arranged, each positioned on top of one of the porous filter beds on either side, allowing the water distribution vehicle to spread a larger area of ​​coal slime during its movement.

[0022] Preferably, the transport device includes a transport track perpendicular to the length direction of the porous filter bed, several transport vehicles that move along the transport track, and adjacent transport vehicles are connected by transport vehicle couplings.

[0023] Once all the transport trucks are loaded with dehydrated coal slurry, tractors positioned at the ends of several trucks pull them away together, effectively improving transportation efficiency.

[0024] Preferably, the porous filter bed includes two filter plates arranged parallel to each other, with a number of evenly distributed filter holes on the filter plates.

[0025] To filter coal slime particles of different sizes, the diameter of the filter holes on the upper filter plate in this embodiment is 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the filter holes on the lower filter plate is 0.1 mm. Of course, the porous filter bed can be configured as a multi-layered filter bed consisting of two or more filter plates, with the diameter of the filter holes on the multi-layered filter plates gradually decreasing from top to bottom. This achieves the filtration of different coal slime particles.

[0026] Preferably, the filter holes on the porous filter bed are arranged in a matrix; a cleaning box connected to the mud discharge plate is provided at the bottom of the porous filter bed, and a number of cleaning components are arranged in the cleaning box along its length; the cleaning component includes a mounting slide hole provided in the cleaning box, a cleaning head is provided in the mounting slide hole, and a cleaning spring is provided at the bottom of the mounting slide hole to push the cleaning head against the porous filter bed.

[0027] When the hydraulic sludge removal device moves the sludge removal plate, the sludge removal plate drives the cleaning box to move. The cleaning box and the sludge removal plate move along the length of the porous filter bed. During the movement of the cleaning box, the spherical head at the top of the cleaning head abuts against the filter plate. When a small stone gets stuck in the filter hole, the top of the cleaning head pushes upward, causing the small stone to be pushed out of the filter hole. Due to the inclined setting of the connecting rod, the cleaning box is positioned in front of the sludge removal plate. This allows the small stone to be pushed onto the transport vehicle along with the sludge removal plate after being pushed out by the cleaning head, effectively preventing small stones from clogging the filter holes and affecting the dewatering efficiency of the coal slime.

[0028] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided between the filter holes arranged along the length of the porous filter bed, and the sliding groove is located at the bottom of the filter plate.

[0029] The sliding groove serves as a guide and also makes the cleaning box run more stably along the length of the porous filter bed.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] This invention uses multiple layers of filter plates to dewater coal slime, enabling dewatering of coal slime particles of different sizes and improving the dewatering effect. Furthermore, the equipment is skid-mounted, facilitating transportation and installation, and minimizing its footprint, thus solving the problems of large footprint and complex installation and commissioning in existing technologies. The equipment also employs remote control and automation technologies, enabling minimal or no on-site management, addressing the issues of existing technologies requiring specialized personnel for on-site operation and having low automation levels. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the aa direction;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A sectional view along the bb direction in the middle;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A sectional view along the cc direction in the middle;

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the dd direction in the image;

[0039] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Water distribution device, 11. Water distribution beam, 12. Water distribution head, 13. Water distribution vehicle, 14. Water distribution wheel rail;

[0041] 2. Dewatering device; 21. Sludge discharge hydraulic device; 211. Telescopic rod; 22. Sludge discharge plate; 23. Porous filter bed; 231. Upper filter plate; 232. Lower filter plate; 233. Upper baffle; 234. Lower baffle; 235. Filter hole; 236. Sliding groove; 24. Mud baffle; 25. Vacuum pump outlet pipe; 26. Vacuum water pump; 27. Filter bucket outlet pipe; 28. Filter bucket; 29. ​​Baffle hydraulic device.

[0042] 3. Transport equipment; 31. Transport vehicle; 32. Transport vehicle coupling; 33. Transport track;

[0043] 4. Hole cleaning box; 41. Connecting rod; 42. Mounting sliding hole; 43. Hole cleaning head; 431. Output air hole; 432. Radial air hole; 44. Hole cleaning spring; 45. Air chamber; 451. Air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0045] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an underground coal slime dewatering device 2 mainly includes a dewatering device 2, a slime discharge device, a water distribution device 1, and an external transport device 3.

[0046] The dewatering device 2 mainly includes a porous filter bed 23 and a water suction device disposed at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23. In this embodiment, the porous filter bed 23 includes two filter plates arranged parallel to each other, the upper filter plate being the upper filter plate 231 and the lower filter plate being the lower filter plate 232. Baffles are disposed on both sides of the filter plates in the width direction. The baffles disposed on both sides of the upper filter plate 231 are the upper baffles 233, and the baffles disposed on both sides of the lower filter plate 232 are the lower baffles 234. The upper part of the lower baffles 234 is connected to the upper filter plate 231. The filter plates are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed filter holes 235, which are arranged in a matrix in this embodiment. In order to filter coal slime particles of different sizes, the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the upper filter plate 231 is 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the lower filter plate is 0.1 mm. Of course, the porous filter bed 23 can be configured to consist of two or more multi-layer filter plates, and the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the multi-layer filter plates gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0047] The water suction device includes a filter hopper 28 located at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23 and a vacuum water pump 26. The filter hopper 28 is a funnel-shaped structure with an opening that gradually increases in size upwards. The vacuum water pump 26 and the filter hopper 28 are connected by a filter hopper outlet pipe 27, meaning one end of the filter hopper outlet pipe 27 is connected to the bottom of the filter hopper 28, and the other end is connected to the vacuum water pump 26. The vacuum water pump 26 is also equipped with a vacuum pump outlet pipe 25. When the vacuum water pump 26 operates, it generates a negative pressure inside the filter hopper 28, causing water from the coal slurry distributed on the porous filter bed 23 to seep out through the filter holes 235. The seeping water flows along the filter hopper 28 into the filter hopper outlet pipe 27 and is then discharged through the vacuum pump outlet pipe 25.

[0048] The sludge removal device includes a sludge removal hydraulic device 2121 installed at one end of the porous filter bed 23. The end of the sludge removal hydraulic device 21 is provided with a telescopic rod 211211 installed along the length of the porous filter bed 23. There are two telescopic rods 211, which are respectively installed above the two filter plates in the vertical direction. The end of the telescopic rod 211 is provided with a sludge removal plate 22. The size of the sludge removal plate 22 is matched with the filter plate and the baffles on both sides of the filter plate. At the same time, a sealing ring is provided on the edge of the sludge removal plate 22. The sealing ring can improve the sealing between the sludge removal plate 22, the filter plate and the baffles. After the coal sludge on the porous filter bed 23 is dewatered, the sealing ring can make the coal sludge on the porous filter bed 23 more cleanly discharged. A mudguard 24 is provided at the other end of the porous filter bed 23. A mudguard hydraulic device 29 is connected to the bottom of the mudguard 24. The mudguard hydraulic device 29 drives the mudguard 24 to rise and fall. When it is necessary to dewater the coal slime, the mudguard 24 rises and blocks the outlet of the filter plate. After the coal slime dewatering is completed, the mudguard 24 falls, so that the mud discharge plate 22 can smoothly discharge the coal slime from the porous filter bed 23.

[0049] The water distribution device 1 includes a water distribution cart 13. The bottom of the porous filter bed 23 is provided with a water distribution wheel rail 14 arranged along its length direction. The water distribution cart 13 moves along the water distribution wheel rail 14. The top of the water distribution cart 13 is provided with a water distribution beam 11 arranged along the width direction of the porous filter bed 23. Several water distribution heads 12 are provided on the water distribution beam 11. The water distribution heads 12 are evenly distributed on the water distribution beam 11.

[0050] To improve the efficiency of coal slime dewatering, two sets of porous filter beds 23 are provided in this embodiment. The two sets of porous filter beds 23 are arranged in parallel, and the water distribution wheel rail 14 is arranged between the two sets of porous filter beds 23. Two water distribution beams 11 are symmetrically arranged, and the two water distribution beams are respectively arranged on the top of the porous filter beds 23 on both sides.

[0051] The transport device 3 includes a transport track 33 perpendicular to the length direction of the porous filter bed 23. Several transport cars 31 are installed on the transport track 33 and move along the track 33. Adjacent transport cars 31 are connected by transport car couplers 32. When all the transport cars 31 are filled with dewatered coal slime, the tractors at the ends of the transport cars 31 pull the multiple transport cars 31 away together, effectively improving the transport efficiency.

[0052] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During equipment operation, the coal slurry water in the underground water tank is evenly sprayed from left to right onto the porous filter bed 23 through the water distribution vehicle 13 and water distribution head 12 of the water distribution device 1 (the porous filter bed 23 is equipped with a vibration function, which is existing technology). The vacuum water pump 26 creates a negative pressure at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23 and in the filter hopper 28 (in this embodiment, the maximum vacuum degree is set to 0.1 MPa) to remove the water from the coal slurry. The resulting filtered water is discharged back to the water tank. The porous filter bed 23 can be equipped with multiple layers of filter plates according to the coal slurry particle size requirements, with filter bed pore sizes ranging from 0.01 to 10 mm. The filter bed has different particle sizes (mm) to achieve separate dewatering of coal slime with different particle sizes, while ensuring the speed and efficiency of dewatering. After dewatering, the mudguard hydraulic device 29 is activated, the mudguard 24 moves downward to open the mud discharge port, and then the mud discharge hydraulic device 21 is activated, using the mud discharge plate 22 to transfer the coal slime in the porous filter bed 23 from top to bottom to the transport vehicle 31. After the coal slime is discharged, the mud discharge plate 22 and the mudguard 24 return to their positions and are ready for the next coal slime dewatering. The whole equipment is a skid-mounted equipment, which is easy to move and assemble, and adopts remote control or automatic control, so no on-site personnel management is required.

[0053] Example 2: Refer to Figures 4 to 8 As shown, an underground coal slime dewatering device 2 mainly includes a dewatering device 2, a slime discharge device, a water distribution device 1, and an external transport device 3.

[0054] The dewatering device 2 mainly includes a porous filter bed 23 and a water suction device disposed at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23. In this embodiment, the porous filter bed 23 includes two filter plates arranged parallel to each other, the upper filter plate being the upper filter plate 231 and the lower filter plate being the lower filter plate 232. Baffles are disposed on both sides of the filter plates in the width direction. The baffles disposed on both sides of the upper filter plate 231 are the upper baffles 233, and the baffles disposed on both sides of the lower filter plate 232 are the lower baffles 234. The upper part of the lower baffles 234 is connected to the upper filter plate 231. The filter plates are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed filter holes 235, which are arranged in a matrix in this embodiment. In order to filter coal slime particles of different sizes, the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the upper filter plate 231 is 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the lower filter plate is 0.1 mm. Of course, the porous filter bed 23 can be configured to consist of two or more multi-layer filter plates, and the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the multi-layer filter plates gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0055] The water suction device includes a filter hopper 28 located at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23 and a vacuum water pump 26. The filter hopper 28 is a funnel-shaped structure with an opening that gradually increases in size upwards. The vacuum water pump 26 and the filter hopper 28 are connected by a filter hopper outlet pipe 27, meaning one end of the filter hopper outlet pipe 27 is connected to the bottom of the filter hopper 28, and the other end is connected to the vacuum water pump 26. The vacuum water pump 26 is also equipped with a vacuum pump outlet pipe 25. When the vacuum water pump 26 operates, it generates a negative pressure inside the filter hopper 28, causing water from the coal slurry distributed on the porous filter bed 23 to seep out through the filter holes 235. The seeping water flows along the filter hopper 28 into the filter hopper outlet pipe 27 and is then discharged through the vacuum pump outlet pipe 25.

[0056] The sludge removal device includes a sludge removal hydraulic device 2121 installed at one end of the porous filter bed 23. The end of the sludge removal hydraulic device 21 is provided with a telescopic rod 211211 installed along the length of the porous filter bed 23. There are two telescopic rods 211, which are respectively installed above the two filter plates in the vertical direction. The end of the telescopic rod 211 is provided with a sludge removal plate 22. The size of the sludge removal plate 22 is matched with the filter plate and the baffles on both sides of the filter plate. At the same time, a sealing ring is provided on the edge of the sludge removal plate 22. The sealing ring can improve the sealing between the sludge removal plate 22, the filter plate and the baffles. After the coal sludge on the porous filter bed 23 is dewatered, the sealing ring can make the coal sludge on the porous filter bed 23 more cleanly discharged. A mudguard 24 is provided at the other end of the porous filter bed 23. A mudguard hydraulic device 29 is connected to the bottom of the mudguard 24. The mudguard hydraulic device 29 drives the mudguard 24 to rise and fall. When it is necessary to dewater the coal slime, the mudguard 24 rises and blocks the outlet of the filter plate. After the coal slime dewatering is completed, the mudguard 24 falls, so that the mud discharge plate 22 can smoothly discharge the coal slime from the porous filter bed 23.

[0057] The water distribution device 1 includes a water distribution cart 13. The bottom of the porous filter bed 23 is provided with a water distribution wheel rail 14 arranged along its length direction. The water distribution cart 13 moves along the water distribution wheel rail 14. The top of the water distribution cart 13 is provided with a water distribution beam 11 arranged along the width direction of the porous filter bed 23. Several water distribution heads 12 are provided on the water distribution beam 11. The water distribution heads 12 are evenly distributed on the water distribution beam 11.

[0058] To improve the efficiency of coal slime dewatering, two sets of porous filter beds 23 are provided in this embodiment. The two sets of porous filter beds 23 are arranged in parallel, and the water distribution wheel rail 14 is arranged between the two sets of porous filter beds 23. Two water distribution beams 11 are symmetrically arranged, and the two water distribution beams are respectively arranged on the top of the porous filter beds 23 on both sides.

[0059] The transport device 3 includes a transport track 33 perpendicular to the length direction of the porous filter bed 23. Several transport cars 31 are installed on the transport track 33 and move along the track 33. Adjacent transport cars 31 are connected by transport car couplers 32. When all the transport cars 31 are filled with dewatered coal slime, the tractors at the ends of the transport cars 31 pull the multiple transport cars 31 away together, effectively improving the transport efficiency.

[0060] The bottom of the porous filter bed 23 is equipped with a cleaning box 4 connected to the sludge discharge plate 22. Connecting rods 41 are provided on both sides of the cleaning box 4, and the connecting rods 41 are fixedly connected to the top of the sludge discharge plate 22, allowing the cleaning box 4 to move when the sludge discharge plate 22 is in motion. The main function of the cleaning box 4 is to remove small stones stuck in the filter holes 235, preventing them from blocking the filter holes 235 and affecting the efficiency of coal slime dewatering. In this embodiment, the cleaning box 4 is only located at the bottom of the upper filter plate 231.

[0061] The cleaning box 4 contains several cleaning components arranged along its length, the number of which corresponds to the number of filter holes 235 arranged along the width of the porous filter bed 23. Each cleaning component includes a mounting slide hole 42 within the cleaning box 4, with the slide hole 42 opening upwards. A cleaning head 43 is slidably mounted within the mounting slide hole 42, the top of which is a spherical head. A cleaning spring 44 is located at the bottom of the mounting slide hole 42, pushing the cleaning head 43 against the porous filter bed 23. The cleaning spring 44 abuts between the bottom of the mounting slide hole 42 and the bottom of the cleaning head 43. Sliding grooves 236 are provided between the filter holes 235 arranged along the length of the porous filter bed 23, and these sliding grooves 236 are located at the bottom of the filter plate. During the movement of the cleaning box 4, when the cleaning head 43 moves between the two filter holes 235, the cleaning head 43 can slide against the sliding groove 236. The sliding groove 236 can play a guiding role, and at the same time, it makes the cleaning box 4 run more stably along the length of the porous filter bed 23.

[0062] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During equipment operation, the coal slurry water in the underground water tank is evenly sprayed from left to right onto the porous filter bed 23 through the water distribution vehicle 13 and water distribution head 12 of the water distribution device 1 (the porous filter bed 23 is equipped with a vibration function, which is existing technology). The vacuum water pump 26 creates a negative pressure at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23 and in the filter hopper 28 (in this embodiment, the maximum vacuum degree is set to 0.1 MPa) to remove the water from the coal slurry. The resulting filtered water is discharged back to the water tank. The porous filter bed 23 can be equipped with multiple layers of filter plates according to the coal slurry particle size requirements, with filter bed pore sizes ranging from 0.01 to 10 mm. The filter bed has different particle sizes (mm) to achieve separate dewatering of coal slime with different particle sizes, while ensuring the speed and efficiency of dewatering. After dewatering, the mudguard hydraulic device 29 is activated, the mudguard 24 moves downward to open the mud discharge port, and then the mud discharge hydraulic device 21 is activated, using the mud discharge plate 22 to transfer the coal slime in the porous filter bed 23 from top to bottom to the transport vehicle 31. After the coal slime is discharged, the mud discharge plate 22 and the mudguard 24 return to their positions and are ready for the next coal slime dewatering. The whole equipment is a skid-mounted equipment, which is easy to move and assemble, and adopts remote control or automatic control, so no on-site personnel management is required.

[0063] When the sludge discharge hydraulic device 21 pushes the sludge discharge plate 22 to move, the sludge discharge plate 22 drives the cleaning box 4 to move. The cleaning box 4 and the sludge discharge plate move along the length of the porous filter bed 23. During the movement of the cleaning box 4, the spherical head at the top of the cleaning head 43 abuts against the filter plate. When a small stone gets stuck in the filter hole 235, the top of the cleaning head 43 pushes upward, causing the small stone to be pushed out of the filter hole 235. Because the connecting rod 41 is inclined, the cleaning box 4 is positioned in front of the sludge discharge plate 22. This allows the small stone to be pushed out by the cleaning head 43 and then pushed onto the transport vehicle 31 by the sludge discharge plate 22, effectively preventing the small stone from clogging the filter hole 235 and affecting the dewatering efficiency of the coal slime.

[0064] Example 3: An underground coal slime dewatering device 2, mainly including a dewatering device 2, a slime discharge device, a water distribution device 1, and an external transportation device 3.

[0065] The dewatering device 2 mainly includes a porous filter bed 23 and a water suction device disposed at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23. In this embodiment, the porous filter bed 23 includes two filter plates arranged parallel to each other, the upper filter plate being the upper filter plate 231 and the lower filter plate being the lower filter plate 232. Baffles are disposed on both sides of the filter plates in the width direction. The baffles disposed on both sides of the upper filter plate 231 are the upper baffles 233, and the baffles disposed on both sides of the lower filter plate 232 are the lower baffles 234. The upper part of the lower baffles 234 is connected to the upper filter plate 231. The filter plates are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed filter holes 235, which are arranged in a matrix in this embodiment. In order to filter coal slime particles of different sizes, the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the upper filter plate 231 is 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the lower filter plate is 0.1 mm. Of course, the porous filter bed 23 can be configured to consist of two or more multi-layer filter plates, and the diameter of the filter holes 235 on the multi-layer filter plates gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0066] The water suction device includes a filter hopper 28 located at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23 and a vacuum water pump 26. The filter hopper 28 is a funnel-shaped structure with an opening that gradually increases in size upwards. The vacuum water pump 26 and the filter hopper 28 are connected by a filter hopper outlet pipe 27, meaning one end of the filter hopper outlet pipe 27 is connected to the bottom of the filter hopper 28, and the other end is connected to the vacuum water pump 26. The vacuum water pump 26 is also equipped with a vacuum pump outlet pipe 25. When the vacuum water pump 26 operates, it generates a negative pressure inside the filter hopper 28, causing water from the coal slurry distributed on the porous filter bed 23 to seep out through the filter holes 235. The seeping water flows along the filter hopper 28 into the filter hopper outlet pipe 27 and is then discharged through the vacuum pump outlet pipe 25.

[0067] The sludge removal device includes a sludge removal hydraulic device 2121 installed at one end of the porous filter bed 23. The end of the sludge removal hydraulic device 21 is provided with a telescopic rod 211211 installed along the length of the porous filter bed 23. There are two telescopic rods 211, which are respectively installed above the two filter plates in the vertical direction. The end of the telescopic rod 211 is provided with a sludge removal plate 22. The size of the sludge removal plate 22 is matched with the filter plate and the baffles on both sides of the filter plate. At the same time, a sealing ring is provided on the edge of the sludge removal plate 22. The sealing ring can improve the sealing between the sludge removal plate 22, the filter plate and the baffles. After the coal sludge on the porous filter bed 23 is dewatered, the sealing ring can make the coal sludge on the porous filter bed 23 more cleanly discharged. A mudguard 24 is provided at the other end of the porous filter bed 23. A mudguard hydraulic device 29 is connected to the bottom of the mudguard 24. The mudguard hydraulic device 29 drives the mudguard 24 to rise and fall. When it is necessary to dewater the coal slime, the mudguard 24 rises and blocks the outlet of the filter plate. After the coal slime dewatering is completed, the mudguard 24 falls, so that the mud discharge plate 22 can smoothly discharge the coal slime from the porous filter bed 23.

[0068] The water distribution device 1 includes a water distribution cart 13. The bottom of the porous filter bed 23 is provided with a water distribution wheel rail 14 arranged along its length direction. The water distribution cart 13 moves along the water distribution wheel rail 14. The top of the water distribution cart 13 is provided with a water distribution beam 11 arranged along the width direction of the porous filter bed 23. Several water distribution heads 12 are provided on the water distribution beam 11. The water distribution heads 12 are evenly distributed on the water distribution beam 11.

[0069] To improve the efficiency of coal slime dewatering, two sets of porous filter beds 23 are provided in this embodiment. The two sets of porous filter beds 23 are arranged in parallel, and the water distribution wheel rail 14 is arranged between the two sets of porous filter beds 23. Two water distribution beams 11 are symmetrically arranged, and the two water distribution beams are respectively arranged on the top of the porous filter beds 23 on both sides.

[0070] The transport device 3 includes a transport track 33 perpendicular to the length direction of the porous filter bed 23. Several transport cars 31 are installed on the transport track 33 and move along the track 33. Adjacent transport cars 31 are connected by transport car couplers 32. When all the transport cars 31 are filled with dewatered coal slime, the tractors at the ends of the transport cars 31 pull the multiple transport cars 31 away together, effectively improving the transport efficiency.

[0071] The bottom of the porous filter bed 23 is equipped with a cleaning box 4 connected to the sludge discharge plate 22. Connecting rods 41 are provided on both sides of the cleaning box 4, and the connecting rods 41 are fixedly connected to the top of the sludge discharge plate 22, allowing the cleaning box 4 to move when the sludge discharge plate 22 is in motion. The main function of the cleaning box 4 is to remove small stones stuck in the filter holes 235, preventing them from blocking the filter holes 235 and affecting the efficiency of coal slime dewatering. In this embodiment, the cleaning box 4 is only located at the bottom of the upper filter plate 231.

[0072] The cleaning box 4 contains several cleaning components arranged along its length, the number of which corresponds to the number of filter holes 235 arranged along the width of the porous filter bed 23. Each cleaning component includes a mounting slide hole 42 within the cleaning box 4, with the slide hole 42 opening upwards. A cleaning head 43 is slidably mounted within the mounting slide hole 42, the top of which is a spherical head. A cleaning spring 44 is located at the bottom of the mounting slide hole 42, pushing the cleaning head 43 against the porous filter bed 23. The cleaning spring 44 abuts between the bottom of the mounting slide hole 42 and the bottom of the cleaning head 43. Sliding grooves 236 are provided between the filter holes 235 arranged along the length of the porous filter bed 23, and these sliding grooves 236 are located at the bottom of the filter plate. During the movement of the cleaning box 4, when the cleaning head 43 moves between the two filter holes 235, the cleaning head 43 can slide against the sliding groove 236. The sliding groove 236 can play a guiding role, and at the same time, it makes the cleaning box 4 run more stably along the length of the porous filter bed 23.

[0073] Additionally, an output air hole 431 is provided inside the cleaning head 43 along its axial direction. The bottom of the output air hole 431 is connected to a radial air hole 432. An air chamber 45 is provided inside the cleaning box 4. The air pressure in the air chamber 45 is kept constant by an air pump. An air outlet 451 corresponding to the radial air hole 432 is provided in the air chamber 45. When there are no small stones or other debris in the filter hole 235, the air outlet is located below the radial air hole 432 and abuts against the side wall of the cleaning head 43. When the small stones or other debris in the filter hole 235 are large, the top of the cleaning head 43 abuts against the bottom of the small stones. At this time, the radial air hole 432 and the air outlet are connected. The gas in the air chamber 45 is ejected along the air outlet, the radial air hole 432 and the output air hole 431, pushing the small stones or other debris upward.

[0074] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During equipment operation, the coal slurry water in the underground water tank is evenly sprayed from left to right onto the porous filter bed 23 through the water distribution vehicle 13 and water distribution head 12 of the water distribution device 1 (the porous filter bed 23 is equipped with a vibration function, which is existing technology). The vacuum water pump 26 creates a negative pressure at the bottom of the porous filter bed 23 and in the filter hopper 28 (in this embodiment, the maximum vacuum degree is set to 0.1 MPa) to remove the water from the coal slurry. The resulting filtered water is discharged back to the water tank. The porous filter bed 23 can be equipped with multiple layers of filter plates according to the coal slurry particle size requirements, with filter bed pore sizes ranging from 0.01 to 10 mm. The filter bed has different particle sizes (mm) to achieve separate dewatering of coal slime with different particle sizes, while ensuring the speed and efficiency of dewatering. After dewatering, the mudguard hydraulic device 29 is activated, the mudguard 24 moves downward to open the mud discharge port, and then the mud discharge hydraulic device 21 is activated, using the mud discharge plate 22 to transfer the coal slime in the porous filter bed 23 from top to bottom to the transport vehicle 31. After the coal slime is discharged, the mud discharge plate 22 and the mudguard 24 return to their positions and are ready for the next coal slime dewatering. The whole equipment is a skid-mounted equipment, which is easy to move and assemble, and adopts remote control or automatic control, so no on-site personnel management is required.

[0075] When the sludge discharge hydraulic device 21 pushes the sludge discharge plate 22 to move, the sludge discharge plate 22 drives the cleaning box 4 to move. The cleaning box 4 and the sludge discharge plate move along the length of the porous filter bed 23. During the movement of the cleaning box 4, the spherical head at the top of the cleaning head 43 abuts against the filter plate. When a small stone gets stuck in the filter hole 235, the top of the cleaning head 43 pushes upward, causing the small stone to be pushed out of the filter hole 235. Since the cleaning box 4 is located in front of the sludge discharge plate 22, after the small stone is pushed out by the cleaning head 43, it can be pushed onto the transport vehicle 31 by the sludge discharge plate 22 together, thus effectively preventing the small stone from clogging the filter hole 235 and affecting the dewatering efficiency of the coal slime. Furthermore, if the small stones or other debris in the filter hole 235 are large, the pushing force of the cleaning spring 44 may not be enough to move the small stones or other debris upward. At this time, the radial air hole 432 and the air outlet are connected, and the gas in the air chamber 45 is ejected along the air outlet, the radial air hole 432 and the output air hole 431, pushing the small stones or other debris upward. This allows the small stones or other impurities that are tightly stuck in the filter hole 235 to be released from the filter hole 235, thereby effectively preventing the small stones from blocking the filter hole 235 and affecting the dewatering efficiency of the coal slime.

[0076] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the technical solutions described in the claims.

Claims

1. An underground coal slime dewatering device, characterized in that, include: The dewatering device includes a porous filter bed and a water absorption device disposed at the bottom of the porous filter bed; A sludge removal device is installed at the end of the porous filter bed; The water distribution device sprays coal slurry onto the porous filter bed; External transport equipment for transporting dehydrated coal slurry; The sludge removal device includes a sludge removal hydraulic device installed at one end of the porous filter bed. The end of the sludge removal hydraulic device is equipped with a telescopic rod, and the end of the telescopic rod is equipped with a sludge removal plate. The bottom of the porous filter bed is equipped with a cleaning box connected to the mud discharge plate. The cleaning box contains several cleaning components. Each cleaning component includes an installation sliding hole in the cleaning box, a cleaning head in the installation sliding hole, an output air hole in the cleaning head along its axial direction, and a radial air hole at the bottom of the output air hole. The cleaning box contains an air chamber, and the air chamber contains an air outlet corresponding to the radial air hole. The bottom of the mounting hole is equipped with a cleaning spring that pushes the cleaning head against the porous filter bed.

2. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water suction device includes a filter funnel located at the bottom of the porous filter bed and a vacuum water pump; the vacuum water pump and the filter funnel are connected by a water outlet pipe from the filter funnel.

3. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the sludge discharge hydraulic device is equipped with a telescopic rod that runs along the length of the porous filter bed. The size of the sludge discharge plate is matched with the filter plate and the baffles on both sides of the filter plate. A sealing ring is provided on the edge of the sludge discharge plate.

4. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water distribution device includes a water distribution vehicle, on the top of which is a water distribution beam rod arranged along the width of the porous filter bed. Several water distribution heads are arranged on the water distribution beam rod. A mudguard is arranged at the other end of the porous filter bed. A mudguard hydraulic device is connected to the bottom of the mudguard, and the mudguard hydraulic device drives the mudguard to rise and fall.

5. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water distribution device also includes a water distribution wheel rail set along the length of the filter bed, and the water distribution car moves along the water distribution wheel rail.

6. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are two sets of porous filter beds. The water distribution device is set between the two sets of porous filter beds. Two water distribution beams are symmetrically arranged, and the two water distribution beams are respectively set on the top of the porous filter beds on both sides.

7. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The transport device includes a transport track perpendicular to the length of the porous filter bed, several transport cars that move along the transport track, and adjacent transport cars are connected by transport car hooks.

8. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, A porous filter bed consists of two filter plates arranged parallel to each other, with a number of evenly distributed filter holes on the filter plates.

9. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 3, characterized in that it is porous. The filter holes on the filter bed are arranged in a matrix; several cleaning components are arranged along the length of the cleaning box; the number of cleaning components corresponds to the number of filter holes arranged along the width of the porous filter bed; the top of the cleaning head is a spherical head.

10. The underground coal slime dewatering device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A sliding groove is provided between the filter holes arranged along the length of the porous filter bed. The sliding groove is located at the bottom of the filter plate, and the cleaning head can slide against the sliding groove.

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