A cut tobacco rod mass separation device and method of operation thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a stem and shred clump separation device, comprising: a conveying channel; a first feeding plate disposed within the conveying channel, with its front end located below the inlet and its rear end located above the outlet; a second feeding plate disposed above the first feeding plate; a first loosening roller assembly disposed in front of the front end of the second feeding plate; a driving mechanism directly or indirectly connected to the first and second feeding plates, the driving mechanism being used to drive the first and second feeding plates to vibrate; and a blowing mechanism disposed below the outlet, the blowing mechanism being located between the rear ends of the first and second feeding plates, the blowing mechanism being used to blow air onto the material output from the second feeding plate. This invention can separate tobacco shreds and stems from a stem and shred clump, thereby facilitating the operator's recycling of these tobacco shreds and stems in subsequent processes and avoiding material waste. This invention also provides a method for operating the stem and shred clump separation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco processing equipment technology, and in particular to a stem bundle separation device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In cigarette manufacturing, the stems and thorns in the tobacco not only cause problems such as popping, flameout, burnout, and punctures, but also lead to issues like cigarette pack slippage, blockages, and wear and tear on cigarette machine parts. Therefore, a secondary air separation process is necessary to remove these stems and thorns from the tobacco during production to ensure its purity.

[0003] However, the stems removed during the secondary air separation process contain a lot of tobacco shreds, which become entangled with the stems, forming clumps of stem shreds of varying sizes. Current technology cannot separate the tobacco shreds from the stems within these clumps, thus preventing their recycling and causing them to be treated as waste, resulting in material waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem of material waste caused by the inability to separate tobacco shreds and stems from tobacco shreds in a bundle. This invention provides a tobacco shred separation device and its operating method, which can separate tobacco shreds and stems from a bundle, thereby facilitating the operator's recycling of these shreds and stems in subsequent processes and avoiding material waste.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a stem bundle separation device, comprising:

[0006] The conveying channel has a feed inlet at the top front and a discharge outlet at the bottom rear.

[0007] The first feeding plate is located in the conveying channel, with the front end of the first feeding plate located below the feed inlet and the rear end of the first feeding plate located above the discharge outlet.

[0008] The second feeding plate is located above the first feeding plate. The upper surface of the first feeding plate and the lower surface of the second feeding plate are spaced a certain distance apart. The front end of the second feeding plate is located behind the front end of the first feeding plate, and the rear end of the second feeding plate is located behind the rear end of the first feeding plate.

[0009] The first loosening roller group is located on the front side of the front end of the second feeding plate. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the first loosening roller group and the upper surface of the first feeding plate. The first loosening roller group is used to transport the skein bundle from the first feeding plate to the second feeding plate and loosen the skein bundle.

[0010] The drive mechanism is directly or indirectly connected to the first feed plate and the second feed plate. The drive mechanism is used to drive the first feed plate and the second feed plate to vibrate so as to convey the material from front to back.

[0011] The blower mechanism is located below the discharge port and is used to blow air onto the material output from the second feed plate.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes:

[0013] The third feeding plate is located above the second feeding plate. The upper surface of the second feeding plate and the lower surface of the third feeding plate are spaced a certain distance apart. The front end of the third feeding plate is located behind the front end of the second feeding plate, and the rear end of the third feeding plate is located in front of the rear end of the second feeding plate.

[0014] The second loosening roller group is located on the front side of the front end of the third feeding plate. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the second loosening roller group and the upper surface of the second feeding plate. The second loosening roller group is used to transport the skein bundle from the second feeding plate to the third feeding plate and loosen the skein bundle.

[0015] The third loosening roller group is located above the middle of the third feeding plate. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the third loosening roller group and the upper surface of the third feeding plate. The third loosening roller group is used to transport the skein bundle from the front of the third feeding plate to the rear of the third feeding plate and loosen the skein bundle.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes:

[0017] The first guide chute is inclined relative to the vertical direction. The upper end of the first guide chute is connected to the rear end of the first feeding plate, and the lower end of the first guide chute extends through the discharge port to below the discharge port.

[0018] The second guide trough is inclined relative to the vertical direction. There is a gap between the upper end of the second guide trough and the rear end of the second feeding plate. The stems output by the second feeding plate fall through the gap and below the gap. The tobacco output by the second feeding plate is blown into the second guide trough by the wind force of the blower mechanism.

[0019] The stem tag receiving box is located below the gap;

[0020] The tobacco shred receiving box is located behind the stem and stick receiving box, and is situated below the lower end of the second guide chute.

[0021] The miscellaneous material receiving box is located in front of the stem receiving box, and is situated below the lower end of the first guide chute.

[0022] Alternatively, the blower is configured as a fan, with the blower's nozzle pointing towards the gap to blow air.

[0023] Optionally, the first loosening roller group, the second loosening roller group, and the third loosening roller group have the same structure, each including:

[0024] The upper loosening roller extends along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the extension direction of the conveying channel. Multiple rows of first roller nails extending along the second direction are provided on the circumferential surface of the upper loosening roller. Each row of first roller nails is evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper loosening roller. Each row of first roller nails includes multiple first roller nails arranged sequentially along the second direction. Each first roller nail extends radially along the upper loosening roller.

[0025] The lower loosening roller is parallel to the upper loosening roller and located below the upper loosening roller. The circumferential surface of the lower loosening roller is provided with a plurality of second roller nail rows extending in a second direction. Each second roller nail row is evenly arranged along the circumference of the lower loosening roller. Each second roller nail row includes a plurality of second roller nails arranged sequentially in the second direction. Each second roller nail extends radially along the lower loosening roller.

[0026] The upper loosening roller and the lower loosening roller rotate in the same direction, but the upper loosening roller rotates at a faster speed than the lower loosening roller.

[0027] Optionally, the first row of roller nails includes a first base and a plurality of first roller nails disposed on the first base. The first base is strip-shaped, and the first roller nails are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the first base. The first roller nails are conical, and the diameter of the first roller nails gradually decreases from the first end of the first roller nail to the second end of the first roller nail. The first end of the first roller nail is connected to the first base.

[0028] The second roller nail row includes a second base and a plurality of second roller nails disposed on the second base. The second base is strip-shaped, and the second roller nails are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the second base. The second roller nails are conical, and the diameter of the second roller nails gradually decreases from the first end of the second roller nail to the second end of the second roller nail. The first end of the second roller nail is connected to the second base.

[0029] Optionally, the upper loosening roller has a plurality of first mounting grooves extending along the second direction on its circumferential surface, and each first substrate is respectively embedded in each first mounting groove; the lower loosening roller has a plurality of second mounting grooves extending along the second direction on its circumferential surface, and each second substrate is respectively embedded in each second mounting groove.

[0030] Optionally, the distance between the second end of the first roller nail and the axis of the upper loosening roller is the first extension length, the distance between the second end of the second roller nail and the axis of the lower loosening roller is the second extension length, and the axial distance between the upper loosening roller and the lower loosening roller is less than the sum of the first extension length and the second extension length.

[0031] Optionally, when a first row of roller nails intersects with a second row of roller nails during rotation, the first roller nails in the first row of roller nails and the second roller nails in the second row of roller nails are arranged alternately along the second direction.

[0032] Optionally, the second end of the first roller nail is provided with a first hook portion, and the first hook portion is provided with a first hook groove. When the first roller nail rotates from bottom to top, the opening of the first hook groove faces upward, and when the first roller nail rotates from top to bottom, the opening of the first hook groove faces downward.

[0033] The second end of the second roller nail is provided with a second hook portion, and the second hook portion is provided with a second hook groove. When the second roller nail rotates from bottom to top, the opening of the second hook groove faces upward, and when the second roller nail rotates from top to bottom, the opening of the second hook groove faces downward.

[0034] Optionally, the speed ratio of the upper loosening roller to the lower loosening roller is 1.3:1.

[0035] Optionally, it also includes:

[0036] The first rotating shaft is connected to the upper loosening roller;

[0037] The first transmission wheel is mounted on the first rotating shaft, and the axis of the first rotating shaft, the axis of the upper loosening roller, and the axis of the first transmission wheel coincide.

[0038] The second rotating shaft is connected to the lower loosening roller;

[0039] The second drive wheel is mounted on the second rotating shaft, and the axis of the second rotating shaft, the axis of the lower loosening roller, and the axis of the second drive wheel coincide.

[0040] A transmission component is located between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, and the transmission component is able to transmit power between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel.

[0041] The first motor has its output end connected to either the first or the second rotating shaft.

[0042] Optionally, a feeding mechanism is provided above the feed inlet, the feeding mechanism including:

[0043] The hopper has a storage chamber inside, an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom, and both the inlet and outlet are connected to the storage chamber.

[0044] The first belt conveyor has its upper surface running in a first direction. The inlet of the first belt conveyor is located below the outlet, and the outlet is spaced a certain distance from the upper surface of the belt conveyor. The outlet of the first belt conveyor is located above the inlet.

[0045] The discharge roller is located on one side of the discharge port along the first direction. The discharge roller extends along the second direction, which is parallel to the upper surface of the belt conveyor and perpendicular to the first direction. The circumferential surface of the discharge roller is spaced a certain distance from the upper surface of the belt conveyor. The discharge roller can rotate around its own axis. Multiple third roller nails are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the discharge roller. The third roller nails extend along the radial direction of the discharge roller.

[0046] Optionally, an adjustment mechanism is connected to the discharge roller. The adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the discharge roller in the vertical direction to change the minimum gap distance between the circumferential surface of the discharge roller and the upper surface of the belt conveyor.

[0047] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes:

[0048] Two adjusting plates are respectively located at both ends of the discharge roller, and both ends of the discharge roller are hinged to the two adjusting plates respectively; the adjusting plates are provided with threaded holes, and the two side walls of the hopper are provided with vertically extending strip holes at intervals along the second direction; or, the adjusting plates are provided with vertically extending strip holes, and the two side walls of the hopper are provided with threaded holes at intervals along the second direction.

[0049] Multiple bolts are inserted through each of the slotted holes and threaded into the corresponding threaded holes to fix the adjusting plate to the side wall of the silo.

[0050] Optionally, it also includes:

[0051] Second motor;

[0052] The transmission mechanism is located between the second motor and the discharge roller, and the second motor can drive the discharge roller to rotate through the transmission mechanism;

[0053] The control system is electrically connected to the first belt conveyor and the second motor, respectively.

[0054] Optionally, a second belt conveyor is also included, with its output end located above the feed inlet. The second belt conveyor is used to transport materials into the silo.

[0055] Optionally, the storage chamber is equipped with a high-level detection unit, a medium-level detection unit, and a low-level detection unit arranged sequentially from top to bottom. All three units are electrically connected to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber reaches the detection area of ​​the low-level detection unit, the low-level detection unit sends a signal to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber reaches the detection area of ​​the high-level detection unit, the high-level detection unit sends a signal to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber reaches the detection area of ​​the medium-level detection unit, the medium-level detection unit sends a signal to the control system.

[0056] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for operating the stem bundle separation device, comprising:

[0057] The first feeding plate conveys the stalk bundles fed into the inlet from front to back. Impurities mixed in the stalk bundles pass through the gap between the first loosening roller group and the first feeding plate and are output from the rear end of the first feeding plate. The stalk bundles formed by the stalk sticks and tobacco shreds being entangled are hooked and loosened by the first loosening roller group and then thrown onto the second feeding plate.

[0058] The loosened stems and tobacco are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate. The stems and tobacco fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate. The blower blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco, blowing the tobacco out of the stems to separate the tobacco from the stems.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention also provide another method for operating the stem bundle separation device, including:

[0060] The first feeding plate conveys the stalk bundles fed into the inlet from front to back. Impurities mixed in the stalk bundles pass through the gap between the first loosening roller group and the first feeding plate and are output from the rear end of the first feeding plate. The stalk bundles formed by the stalk sticks and tobacco shreds being entangled are hooked and loosened by the first loosening roller group and then thrown onto the second feeding plate.

[0061] After being loosened by the first loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds pass through the gap between the second loosening roller group and the second feeding plate and are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate. The stem shreds that have not been loosened sufficiently are hooked and loosened by the second loosening roller group and then thrown onto the third feeding plate.

[0062] After being loosened by the second loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate through the gap between the third loosening roller group and the third feeding plate, and then fall from the rear end of the third feeding plate onto the second feeding plate. The stem shreds that have not been loosened sufficiently are hooked by the third loosening roller group and loosened, and then thrown to the rear of the third feeding plate.

[0063] After being loosened by the third loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate and fall from the rear end of the third feeding plate to the second feeding plate.

[0064] After being loosened by the first, second, and third loosening roller groups, the stems and tobacco shreds finally fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate. The blower blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco shreds, blowing the tobacco shreds out of the stems and separating them from the stems.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] In this embodiment, the tobacco shreds are loosened by the first loosening roller group, and then the blower is used to blow air into the loosened material to blow the lighter tobacco shreds out of the stem sticks, thereby separating the tobacco shreds from the stem sticks. This makes it easier for the operator to recycle the tobacco shreds and stem sticks in subsequent processes and avoids material waste. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a filament separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates an upper loosening roller and a lower loosening roller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0069] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates an upper loosening roller and a lower loosening roller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0070] Figure 4 Show Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0071] Figure 5 Show Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the middle section;

[0072] Figure 6 Show Figure 3 A magnified view of part C in the middle;

[0073] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a feeding mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0074] Figure 8 Show Figure 7 EE-directed sectional view;

[0075] Figure 9 Show Figure 8 FF section view;

[0076] Figure 10 Show Figure 7 A magnified view of part G in the middle;

[0077] Figure 11 Show Figure 8 A magnified view of part H in the middle.

[0078] Figure label:

[0079] 1. Conveying channel; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 13. First feeding plate; 14. Second feeding plate; 15. Third feeding plate; 2. First loosening roller group; 21. Upper loosening roller; 211. First mounting groove; 22. First roller nail row; 221. First roller nail; 2211. First hook groove; 222. First base; 23. Lower loosening roller; 231. Second mounting groove; 24. Second roller nail row; 241. Second roller nail; 2411. Second hook groove; 242. Second base; 25. First rotating shaft; 251. First transmission wheel; 26. Second rotating shaft; 261. Second transmission wheel; 27. Transmission component; 28. First motor; 3. Second loosening roller group. 4. Third loosening roller group; 5. Blowing mechanism; 6. Stem and shred receiving box; 61. First guide chute; 7. Tobacco shred receiving box; 71. Second guide chute; 72. Gap; 8. Feeding mechanism; 81. Hopper; 811. Hopper inlet; 812. Hopper outlet; 813. Storage chamber; 82. First belt conveyor; 83. Discharge roller; 831. Third roller nail; 84. Adjusting plate; 841. Strip hole; 842. Threaded hole; 85. Transmission mechanism; 851. First gear; 852. Second gear; 86. Second belt conveyor; 87. Low material level detection unit; 88. High material level detection unit; 89. Medium material level detection unit; 9. Debris receiving box; 10. Stem and shred bundle. Detailed Implementation

[0080] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a deep understanding of the invention, many specific details will be included in the following description. The invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0081] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0082] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0083] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0084] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0085] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the "rear" orientation in this embodiment refers to... Figure 1 The direction pointed to by the middle arrow X, in this embodiment, is the "front" direction, which is the direction opposite to... Figure 1 The direction indicated by the middle arrow X is opposite to the direction indicated by the "up" direction in this embodiment. Figure 1 The direction pointed to by the middle arrow Y, in this embodiment, is the "down" direction, which is the direction opposite to... Figure 1 The direction indicated by the middle arrow Y is opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow.

[0086] refer to Figure 1This invention provides a filament separation device, comprising: a conveying channel 1, a first feeding plate 13, a second feeding plate 14, a first loosening roller group 2, a driving mechanism, and a blower mechanism 5. The conveying channel 1 has an inlet 11 at the upper front and an outlet 12 at the lower rear. The first feeding plate 13 is disposed within the conveying channel 1, with its front end below the inlet 11 and its rear end above the outlet 12, the height of the front end of the first feeding plate 13 being greater than the height of its rear end. The second feeding plate 14 is disposed above the first feeding plate 13, with a certain distance between the upper surface of the first feeding plate 13 and the lower surface of the second feeding plate 14. The front end of the second feeding plate 14 is located behind the front end of the first feeding plate 13, and the rear end of the second feeding plate 14 is located behind the rear end of the first feeding plate 13, the height of the front end of the second feeding plate 14 being greater than the height of its rear end. The first loosening roller group 2 is located on the front side of the front end of the second feeding plate 14. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the first loosening roller group 2 and the upper surface of the first feeding plate 13. The first loosening roller group 2 is used to transport the skein bundle 10 from the first feeding plate 13 to the second feeding plate 14 and loosen the skein bundle 10. The driving mechanism is directly or indirectly connected to the first feeding plate 13 and the second feeding plate 14. The driving mechanism is used to drive the first feeding plate 13 and the second feeding plate 14 to vibrate so as to convey the material from front to back. The blower mechanism 5 is located below the discharge port 12. The blower mechanism 5 is located between the rear end of the first feeding plate 13 and the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The blower mechanism 5 is used to blow air onto the material output by the second feeding plate 14.

[0087] When the above-mentioned device is needed to separate the stems and tobacco from the clump of stems, the clump of stems falls from the feed inlet 11 onto the first feeding plate 13. Then, under the vibration of the first feeding plate 13, the clump of stems is conveyed to the first loosening roller group 2. Impurities mixed in the clump of stems are separated from the clump during vibration and exit from the rear end of the first feeding plate 13 after passing through the gap between the first loosening roller group 2 and the first feeding plate 13. The clump of stems formed by the tangled stems and tobacco is hooked and loosened by the first loosening roller group 2, and then thrown onto the second feeding plate 14. The loosened stems and tobacco are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate 14 under the vibration of the second feeding plate 14, and fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The blower mechanism 5 blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco. Because the stem is relatively heavy, it is not significantly affected by the wind during its descent and falls vertically downwards. The tobacco, on the other hand, is relatively light, so the wind blows it out of the stem, causing it to fall behind the stem, thus separating the tobacco from the stem.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first loosening roller group 2 loosens the tobacco clump, and then the blower mechanism 5 blows air into the loosened material to blow the lighter tobacco shreds out of the stem sticks, thereby separating the tobacco shreds from the stem sticks. This makes it easier for the operator to recycle the tobacco shreds and stem sticks in subsequent processes and avoids material waste.

[0089] Optionally, this embodiment also includes: a third feeding plate 15, a second loosening roller group 3, and a third loosening roller group 4. The third feeding plate 15 is positioned above the second feeding plate 14, with a certain distance between the upper surface of the second feeding plate 14 and the lower surface of the third feeding plate 15. The front end of the third feeding plate 15 is located behind the front end of the second feeding plate 14, and the rear end of the third feeding plate 15 is located in front of the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The second loosening roller group 3 is positioned in front of the front end of the third feeding plate 15, with a certain gap between the bottom of the second loosening roller group 3 and the upper surface of the second feeding plate 14. The second loosening roller group 3 is used to transport the skein bundle from the second feeding plate 14 to the third feeding plate 15 and to loosen the skein bundle. The third loosening roller group 4 is positioned above the middle of the third feeding plate 15, with a certain gap between the bottom of the third loosening roller group 4 and the upper surface of the third feeding plate 15. The third loosening roller group 4 is used to transport the skein bundle from the front of the third feeding plate 15 to the rear of the third feeding plate 15 and to loosen the skein bundle.

[0090] This embodiment, by setting up a second loosening roller group 3 and a third loosening roller group 4, can loosen the stem bundle in multiple stages. After the stem bundle passes through the first loosening roller group 2, the stem bundle may not be completely loosened. That is, part of the stem bundle is loosened into discrete stem sticks and tobacco shreds, while another part of the stem bundle is not loosened and still exists in the form of stem sticks and tobacco shreds entangled together. At this time, the discrete stem sticks and tobacco shreds pass through the gap between the second loosening roller group 3 and the second feeding plate 14 and are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The stem bundle that has not been sufficiently loosened is hooked and loosened by the second loosening roller group 3, and then thrown onto the third feeding plate 15. Subsequently, the loosened stems and tobacco shreds, after being loosened by the second loosening roller group 3, pass through the gap between the third loosening roller group 4 and the third feeding plate 15, and are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate 15, where they fall onto the second feeding plate 14. The stem shreds 10 that are not sufficiently loosened are hooked and loosened by the third loosening roller group 4, and then thrown to the rear of the third feeding plate 15. The loosened stems and tobacco shreds, after being loosened by the third loosening roller group 4, are then conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate 15, where they fall onto the second feeding plate 14. The stems and tobacco shreds, after being loosened by the first loosening roller group 2, the second loosening roller group 3, and the third loosening roller group 4, finally fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The blower mechanism 5 blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco shreds, blowing the tobacco shreds out of the stems, thus separating the tobacco shreds from the stems. The applicant discovered through exploration that when the stem bundle is loosened in three stages, the stem bundle will be completely loosened into discrete stem sticks and tobacco shreds, and there will be no clumping, thus ensuring the loosening effect of the stem bundle.

[0091] Optionally, this embodiment also includes: a stem receiving box 6, a first guide trough 61, a tobacco receiving box 7, a second guide trough 71, and a miscellaneous material receiving box 9. The first guide trough 61 is inclined relative to the vertical direction. The upper end of the first guide trough 61 is connected to the rear end of the first feeding plate 13, and the lower end of the first guide trough 61 extends through the discharge port 12 to below the discharge port 12. The second guide trough 71 is inclined relative to the vertical direction. There is a gap 72 between the upper end of the second guide trough 71 and the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The stems and twigs output by the second feeding plate 14 fall through the gap 72 and below the gap 72. The tobacco shreds output by the second feeding plate 14 are blown into the second guide trough 71 by the air force of the blower mechanism 5. The stem and twig receiving box 6 is located below the gap 72. The tobacco shred receiving box 7 is located behind the stem and twig receiving box 6 and is located below the lower end of the second guide trough 71. The debris receiving box 9 is located in front of the stem and twig receiving box 6 and is located below the lower end of the first guide trough 61. Optionally, the blower is configured with 5 blowers, with the blower nozzles facing the gap 72.

[0092] When debris is output from the first feeding plate 13, it can slide down through the first guide chute 61 into the debris receiving box 9, making it easy for workers to collect the debris. When the tobacco and stems output from the second feeding plate 14 fall downwards, the blower nozzle blows air towards the gap 72. Because the stems are heavier, they are not affected by the wind during their fall and fall through the gap 72 into the stem receiving box 6, making it easy for workers to collect the stems. The tobacco is lighter, so the wind blows the tobacco out of the stems, causing it to fall into the second guide chute 71. The tobacco then slides from the second guide chute 71 into the tobacco receiving box 7, making it easy for workers to collect the tobacco.

[0093] Optionally, the first loosening roller group 2, the second loosening roller group 3, and the third loosening roller group 4 have the same structure, each including: an upper loosening roller 21 and a lower loosening roller 23. (Reference) Figure 2 and Figure 3 ( Figure 3 for Figure 2 Left view of the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23), the upper loosening roller 21 along the second direction (e.g. Figure 2 Extending in the Z direction (as shown), the second direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the conveying channel 1. Multiple rows of first roller spikes 22 extending along the second direction are provided on the circumferential surface of the upper loosening roller 21. Each row of first roller spikes 22 is evenly arranged circumferentially along the upper loosening roller 21. Each row of first roller spikes 22 includes multiple first roller spikes 221 arranged sequentially along the second direction. Each first roller spike 221 extends radially along the upper loosening roller 21. The lower loosening roller 23 is parallel to the upper loosening roller 21 and is positioned... Below the upper loosening roller 21, a plurality of second roller nail rows 24 extending along a second direction are provided on the circumferential surface of the lower loosening roller 23. Each second roller nail row 24 is uniformly arranged along the circumference of the lower loosening roller 23, and each second roller nail row 24 includes a plurality of second roller nails 241 arranged sequentially along the second direction. Each second roller nail 241 extends radially along the lower loosening roller 23. The upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23 rotate in the same direction, and the rotational speed of the upper loosening roller 21 is greater than the rotational speed of the lower loosening roller 23. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the number of first roller nail rows 22 and second roller nail rows 24 are both 26; the upper loosening roller 21 extends radially along the second direction. Figure 3 The lower loosening roller 23 rotates in the R1 direction and moves along the R1 direction. Figure 3 The upper loosening roller 21 rotates in the R2 direction, and the speed ratio of the lower loosening roller 23 to the upper loosening roller 21 is 1.3:1; the skein bundle rotates along... Figure 3 The material is conveyed in the X direction, meaning that during production, the strands need to be transported from the front of the loosening device to the rear of the loosening device.

[0094] When the skein bundle is conveyed from the front of the loosening device to the lower loosening roller 23, the second roller nail 241 located in front of the lower loosening roller 23 rotates from bottom to top. During the rotation, the second roller nail 241 catches the skein bundle and conveys it upward. When the skein bundle is transferred to the upper loosening roller 21, the first roller nail 221 located in front of the upper loosening roller 21 also catches the skein bundle during the rotation and continues to convey it upward. Since the rotation speed of the upper loosening roller 21 is greater than that of the lower loosening roller 23, the skein bundle is pulled by the first roller nail 221 and the second roller nail 241, thereby loosening the skein bundle. Subsequently, the loosened material is thrown upward with the rotation of the first roller nail 221 and the second roller nail 241 and is thrown to the rear of the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23. Since the axial distance between the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23 is fixed, the long stems in the skein bundle can be pulled to a fixed length and then broken off by the differential speed operation of the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23, thereby achieving fixed-length loosening of the skein bundle.

[0095] Optionally, refer to Figures 2 to 4 The first roller nail row 22 includes a first base 222 and a plurality of first roller nails 221 disposed on the first base 222. The first base 222 is strip-shaped, and the first roller nails 221 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction (i.e., the second direction) of the first base 222. The first roller nails 221 are conical, and the diameter of the first roller nails 221 gradually decreases from the first end of the first roller nail 221 to the second end of the first roller nail 221. The first end of the first roller nail 221 is connected to the first base 222. The second roller nail row 24 includes a second base 242 and a plurality of second roller nails 241 disposed on the second base 242. The second base 242 is strip-shaped, and the second roller nails 241 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction (i.e., the second direction) of the second base 242. The second roller nails 241 are conical, and the diameter of the second roller nails 241 gradually decreases from the first end of the second roller nail 241 to the second end of the second roller nail 241. The first end of the second roller nail 241 is connected to the second base 242.

[0096] Optionally, the upper loosening roller 21 has a plurality of first mounting grooves 211 extending along the second direction on its circumferential surface, and each first base 222 is respectively embedded in each first mounting groove 211; the lower loosening roller 23 has a plurality of second mounting grooves 231 extending along the second direction on its circumferential surface, and each second base 242 is respectively embedded in each second mounting groove 231. By embedding the first roller nail row 22 and the second roller nail row 24 into the first mounting grooves 211 and the second mounting grooves 231 respectively, it is convenient to replace the first roller nail row 22 and the second roller nail row 24.

[0097] Optionally, the distance between the second end of the first roller nail 221 and the axis of the upper loosening roller 21 is the first extension length, and the distance between the second end of the second roller nail 241 and the axis of the lower loosening roller 23 is the second extension length. The axial distance between the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23 is less than the sum of the first extension length and the second extension length. That is, when a first roller nail row 22 rotates between the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23, the first roller nail row 22 is inserted between two adjacent second roller nail rows 24 arranged circumferentially along the lower loosening roller 23, such as... Figure 3 As shown; correspondingly, when a second row of roller nails 24 rotates between the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23, the second row of roller nails 24 is inserted between two adjacent rows of first roller nails 22 arranged circumferentially along the upper loosening roller 21.

[0098] Further reference Figure 4 When a first roller nail row 22 intersects a second roller nail row 24 during rotation, the first roller nails 221 in the first roller nail row 22 and the second roller nails 241 in the second roller nail row 24 are arranged alternately along a second direction. By employing the above technical solution, the staggered arrangement of the first roller nails 221 and the second roller nails 241 effectively prevents the spool of yarn from passing through the gap between the first roller nails 221 and the second roller nails 241.

[0099] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The second end of the first roller nail 221 is provided with a first hook portion, and the first hook portion is provided with a first hook groove 2211. When the first roller nail 221 rotates from bottom to top, the opening of the first hook groove 2211 faces upward, and when the first roller nail 221 rotates from top to bottom, the opening of the first hook groove 2211 faces downward. The second end of the second roller nail 241 is provided with a second hook portion, and the second hook portion is provided with a second hook groove 2411. When the second roller nail 241 rotates from bottom to top, the opening of the second hook groove 2411 faces upward, and when the second roller nail 241 rotates from top to bottom, the opening of the second hook groove 2411 faces downward.

[0100] by Figure 3 Taking the orientation shown as an example, when the first roller nail 221 and the second roller nail 241 rotate from bottom to top, since the openings of the first hook groove 2211 and the second hook groove 2411 face upwards, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the first hook groove 2211 and the second hook groove 2411 can be used to firmly hook the bundle of stalks at the front of the loosening device, thereby preventing the bundle of stalks from slipping off the ends of the first roller nail 221 and the second roller nail 241 during the upward movement. When the first roller nail 221 and the second roller nail 241 rotate from top to bottom, since the openings of the first hook groove 2211 and the second hook groove 2411 face downwards, as... Figure 5As shown, the first hook groove 2211 and the second hook groove 2411 will no longer hook the skein bundle, thereby preventing the skein bundle from getting caught on the ends of the first roller nail 221 and the second roller nail 241 during its fall behind the loosening device.

[0101] Optionally, this embodiment further includes a first rotating shaft 25, a first transmission wheel 251, a second rotating shaft 26, a second transmission wheel 261, a transmission component 27, and a first motor 28. The first rotating shaft 25 is connected to the upper loosening roller 21, and the first transmission wheel 251 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 25, with the axis of the first rotating shaft 25, the axis of the upper loosening roller 21, and the axis of the first transmission wheel 251 coinciding. The second rotating shaft 26 is connected to the lower loosening roller 23, and the second transmission wheel 261 is mounted on the second rotating shaft 26, with the axis of the second rotating shaft 26, the axis of the lower loosening roller 23, and the axis of the second transmission wheel 261 coinciding. The transmission component 27 is located between the first transmission wheel 251 and the second transmission wheel 261, and the transmission component 27 can transmit power between the first transmission wheel 251 and the second transmission wheel 261. The output end of the first motor 28 is connected to either the first rotating shaft 25 or the second rotating shaft 26. In this embodiment, for example, both the first transmission wheel 251 and the second transmission wheel 261 are synchronous belt pulleys, and the transmission component 27 is a synchronous belt sleeved on the first transmission wheel 251 and the second transmission wheel 261. The first motor 28 is connected to the upper loosening roller 21 through a gear set. During operation, the first motor 28 drives the first rotating shaft 25 and the upper loosening roller 21 to rotate through the gear set. The first rotating shaft 25 drives the second rotating shaft 26 and the lower loosening roller 23 to rotate through the first transmission wheel 251, the transmission component 27, and the second transmission wheel 261, thereby achieving synchronous rotation of the upper loosening roller 21 and the lower loosening roller 23.

[0102] Optionally, the upper loosening roller 21, the lower loosening roller 23, the first roller pin row 22, and the second roller pin row 24 are all made of a hard metal material, which can enhance the wear resistance of the loosening device. For example, the upper loosening roller 21, the lower loosening roller 23, the first roller pin row 22, and the second roller pin row 24 can be made of stainless steel or rebar.

[0103] Optionally, a feeding mechanism 8 is provided above the feed inlet 11, such as... Figures 7 to 9 As shown, it includes: a hopper 81, a first belt conveyor 82, and a discharge roller 83. The hopper 81 has a storage chamber 813 inside, used to hold the skein bundle 10. A hopper inlet 811 is located above the hopper 81, and a hopper outlet 812 is located below the hopper 81. Both the hopper inlet 811 and the hopper outlet 812 are connected to the storage chamber 813. The first belt conveyor 82 is located below the hopper outlet 812, and its upper surface extends along a first direction (e.g., ...). Figure 7(As shown in the X direction) the conveyor operates with the hopper outlet 812 spaced a certain distance from the upper surface of the belt conveyor; the discharge roller 83 is located on one side of the hopper outlet 812 along the first direction, and the discharge roller 83 is located along the second direction (as shown in the X direction). Figure 8 Extending in the Z direction (as shown in the image), the second direction is parallel to the upper surface of the belt conveyor and perpendicular to the first direction. The circumferential surface of the discharge roller 83 is spaced a certain distance from the upper surface of the belt conveyor. The discharge roller 83 can rotate around its own axis. The rotation direction of the discharge roller 83 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in the R direction, multiple third roller nails 831 are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the discharge roller 83, and the third roller nails 831 extend along the radial direction of the discharge roller 83.

[0104] In this embodiment, a discharge roller 83 with a third roller nail 831 is provided on one side of the hopper discharge port 812. When the skein bundle 10 is discharged from the hopper discharge port 812 onto the first belt conveyor 82, the first belt conveyor 82 will transport the skein bundle 10 to the discharge roller 83. Figure 9 As shown, the third roller nail 831 hooks the skein bundle 10 as it rotates with the discharge roller 83, and pulls the skein bundle 10 out from below the discharge port 812 of the hopper. Then, it drives the skein bundle 10 through the gap between the discharge roller 83 and the upper surface of the first belt conveyor 82, thereby ensuring that the skein bundle 10 is output smoothly, avoiding material blockage, and thus improving production efficiency.

[0105] Optionally, an adjustment mechanism is connected to the discharge roller 83. This mechanism adjusts the height of the discharge roller 83 in the vertical direction, thereby changing the minimum distance between the circumferential surface of the discharge roller 83 and the upper surface of the belt conveyor. Specifically, the adjustment mechanism is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the device includes two adjusting plates 84 and multiple bolts. The two adjusting plates 84 are respectively located at both ends of the discharge roller 83, and both ends of the discharge roller 83 are hinged to the two adjusting plates 84. The adjusting plates 84 have threaded holes 842, and the two side walls of the hopper 81, spaced apart along a second direction, each have vertically extending strip-shaped holes 841. Alternatively, the adjusting plates 84 have vertically extending strip-shaped holes 841, and the two side walls of the hopper 81, each arranged along a second direction, have threaded holes 842. The adjusting plates 84 are connected to the side walls of the hopper 81 by bolts, each bolt passing through each strip-shaped hole 841 and threadedly connected to the corresponding threaded hole 842, thereby fixing the adjusting plates 84 to the side walls of the hopper 81. By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed height of the adjusting plate 84 in the vertical direction can be changed by changing the fixing position of the bolt in the strip hole 841, so as to adjust the gap between the circumferential surface of the discharge roller 83 and the upper surface of the first belt conveyor 82. Thus, the minimum gap between the circumferential surface of the discharge roller 83 and the upper surface of the first belt conveyor 82 can be adjusted according to the different sizes and types of the incoming wire bundles, so as to ensure that the wire bundles can pass smoothly through the gap.

[0106] Optionally, this embodiment also includes a second motor (not shown), a transmission mechanism 85, and a control system (not shown). The transmission mechanism 85 is located between the second motor and the discharge roller 83, and the second motor can drive the discharge roller 83 to rotate via the transmission mechanism 85. The control system is electrically connected to both the first belt conveyor 82 and the second motor, and can control the switching and operating speed of the first belt conveyor 82, as well as the rotational speed of the second motor.

[0107] Optionally, the transmission mechanism 85, such as Figure 11 As shown, it includes a first gear 851 and a second gear 852. The first gear 851 is connected to the discharge roller 83, and the axis of the first gear 851 coincides with the axis of the discharge roller 83; the second gear 852 is connected to the output end of the second motor, and the second gear 852 meshes with the first gear 851.

[0108] Optionally, this embodiment also includes a second belt conveyor 86, the output end of which is located above the feed inlet 811 of the hopper, and the input end of which is connected to the previous process. When the skein bundle is conveyed to the output end of the second belt conveyor 86, the skein bundle falls from the output end of the second belt conveyor 86 into the hopper 81.

[0109] Optionally, refer to Figure 7 The storage chamber 813 is equipped with a low-level detection unit 87, which is electrically connected to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber 813 reaches the detection area of ​​the low-level detection unit 87, the low-level detection unit 87 sends a signal to the control system. When the control system does not receive a signal from the low-level detection unit 87, it indicates that the material level in the hopper 81 is lower than the detection point of the low-level detection unit 87. At this time, the control system controls the second belt conveyor 86 to accelerate to increase the material level in the hopper 81.

[0110] Optionally, a high-level detection unit 88 is also provided in the storage chamber 813. The high-level detection unit 88 is located above the low-level detection unit 87 and is electrically connected to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber 813 reaches the detection area of ​​the high-level detection unit 88, the high-level detection unit 88 sends a signal to the control system. When the control system receives the signal sent by the high-level detection unit 88, it indicates that the material level in the hopper 81 has reached the detection point of the high-level detection unit 88. At this time, the control system controls the second belt conveyor 86 to stop running to prevent excessive material in the hopper 81 from causing compression and affecting the discharge stability of the hopper 81.

[0111] Optionally, a middle level detection unit 89 is provided in the storage chamber 813. The middle level detection unit 89 is located between the high level detection unit 88 and the low level detection unit 87. The middle level detection unit 89 is electrically connected to the control system. When the material height in the storage chamber 813 reaches the detection area of ​​the middle level detection unit 89, the middle level detection unit 89 sends a signal to the control system. When the control system receives the signal sent by the middle level detection unit 89, it indicates that the material height in the hopper 81 has reached the detection point of the middle level detection unit 89. At this time, the control system controls the second belt conveyor 86 to decelerate to prevent excessive material in the hopper 81. When the control system receives the signal sent by the low level detection unit 87 but does not receive the signal sent by the middle level detection unit 89, it indicates that the material height in the hopper 81 is between the detection points of the low level detection unit 87 and the middle level detection unit 89. At this time, the control system controls the second belt conveyor 86 to accelerate to increase the material in the hopper 81.

[0112] This embodiment, by setting up a low material level detection unit 87, a high material level detection unit 88, and a medium material level detection unit 89, can realize automatic control of the material height in the silo 81, thereby enabling the material to be output stably and evenly from the silo 81.

[0113] For example, the low level detection unit 87, the medium level detection unit 89, and the high level detection unit 88 can be photoelectric sensors or infrared sensors.

[0114] The present invention also discloses a method for operating a stem bundle separation device, comprising:

[0115] Step A1: The first feeding plate 13 conveys the stalk bundle 10 fed into the feed inlet 11 from front to back. Impurities mixed in the stalk bundle 10 pass through the gap between the first loosening roller group 2 and the first feeding plate 13 and are output from the rear end of the first feeding plate 13. The stalk bundle 10 formed by the stalk stick and tobacco shreds being entangled is hooked and loosened by the first loosening roller group 2 and then thrown onto the second feeding plate 14.

[0116] Step A2: The loosened stems and tobacco are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The stems and tobacco fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The blower mechanism 5 blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco, blowing the tobacco out of the stems to separate the tobacco from the stems.

[0117] The present invention also discloses another method for operating the stem bundle separation device, comprising:

[0118] Step B1: The first feeding plate 13 conveys the stalk bundle 10 fed into the feed inlet 11 from front to back. Impurities mixed in the stalk bundle 10 pass through the gap between the first loosening roller group 2 and the first feeding plate 13 and are output from the rear end of the first feeding plate 13. The stalk bundle 10 formed by the stalk stick and tobacco shreds being entangled is hooked and loosened by the first loosening roller group 2 and then thrown onto the second feeding plate 14.

[0119] Step B2: The stems and tobacco strips loosened by the first loosening roller group 2 pass through the gap between the second loosening roller group 3 and the second feeding plate 14 and are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The stem bundles 10 that are not loosened enough are hooked by the second loosening roller group 3 and loosened, and then thrown onto the third feeding plate 15.

[0120] Step B3: The stems and tobacco strips loosened by the second loosening roller group 3 pass through the gap between the third loosening roller group 4 and the third feeding plate 15 and are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate 15. They then fall from the rear end of the third feeding plate 15 onto the second feeding plate 14. The stem bundles 10 that are not loosened sufficiently are hooked by the third loosening roller group 4 and loosened, and then thrown to the rear of the third feeding plate 15.

[0121] Step B4: The stems and tobacco strips loosened by the third loosening roller group 4 are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate 15 and fall from the rear end of the third feeding plate 15 onto the second feeding plate 14.

[0122] Step B5: After being loosened by the first loosening roller group 2, the second loosening roller group 3 and the third loosening roller group 4, the stems and tobacco finally fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate 14. The blower mechanism 5 blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco, blowing the tobacco out of the stems to separate the tobacco from the stems.

[0123] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the invention to these descriptions. Various changes in form and detail can be made by those skilled in the art, including several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating clumps of stems, characterized in that, include: The conveying channel has a feed inlet at the top front and a discharge outlet at the bottom rear. A first feeding plate is disposed in the conveying channel, with the front end of the first feeding plate located below the feed inlet and the rear end of the first feeding plate located above the discharge outlet. The second feeding plate is located above the first feeding plate. The upper surface of the first feeding plate and the lower surface of the second feeding plate are spaced a certain distance apart. The front end of the second feeding plate is located behind the front end of the first feeding plate, and the rear end of the second feeding plate is located behind the rear end of the first feeding plate. The first loosening roller group is located on the front side of the front end of the second feeding plate. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the first loosening roller group and the upper surface of the first feeding plate. The first loosening roller group is used to transport the skein bundle from the first feeding plate to the second feeding plate and loosen the skein bundle. A drive mechanism is directly or indirectly connected to the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate. The drive mechanism is used to drive the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate to vibrate so as to convey the material from front to back. A blower mechanism is located below the discharge port, and the blower mechanism is used to blow air onto the material output from the second feed plate; The third feeding plate is located above the second feeding plate. The upper surface of the second feeding plate and the lower surface of the third feeding plate are spaced a certain distance apart. The front end of the third feeding plate is located behind the front end of the second feeding plate, and the rear end of the third feeding plate is located in front of the rear end of the second feeding plate. The second loosening roller group is located on the front side of the front end of the third feeding plate. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the second loosening roller group and the upper surface of the second feeding plate. The second loosening roller group is used to transport the skein bundle from the second feeding plate to the third feeding plate and loosen the skein bundle. The third loosening roller group is located above the middle of the third feeding plate. There is a certain gap between the bottom of the third loosening roller group and the upper surface of the third feeding plate. The third loosening roller group is used to transport the skein bundle from the front of the third feeding plate to the rear of the third feeding plate and loosen the skein bundle. The first loosening roller group, the second loosening roller group, and the third loosening roller group have the same structure, each including: The upper loosening roller extends along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the extension direction of the conveying channel. The circumferential surface of the upper loosening roller is provided with a plurality of first roller nail rows extending along the second direction. Each first roller nail row is evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper loosening roller. Each first roller nail row includes a plurality of first roller nails arranged sequentially along the second direction. Each first roller nail extends radially along the upper loosening roller. The lower loosening roller is parallel to the upper loosening roller and located below the upper loosening roller. The circumferential surface of the lower loosening roller is provided with a plurality of second roller nail rows extending along the second direction. Each second roller nail row is evenly arranged along the circumference of the lower loosening roller. Each second roller nail row includes a plurality of second roller nails arranged sequentially along the second direction. Each second roller nail extends radially along the lower loosening roller. The upper loosening roller and the lower loosening roller rotate in the same direction, and the rotational speed of the upper loosening roller is greater than that of the lower loosening roller. The first row of roller nails includes a first base and a plurality of first roller nails disposed on the first base. The first base is strip-shaped, and each first roller nail is arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the first base. The first roller nail is conical, and the diameter of the first roller nail gradually decreases from the first end of the first roller nail to the second end of the first roller nail. The first end of the first roller nail is connected to the first base. The second roller nail row includes a second base and a plurality of second roller nails disposed on the second base. The second base is strip-shaped, and each second roller nail is arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the second base. The second roller nail is conical, and the diameter of the second roller nail gradually decreases from the first end of the second roller nail to the second end of the second roller nail. The first end of the second roller nail is connected to the second base. The second end of the first roller nail is provided with a first hook portion, and the first hook portion is provided with a first hook groove. When the first roller nail rotates from bottom to top, the opening of the first hook groove faces upward, and when the first roller nail rotates from top to bottom, the opening of the first hook groove faces downward. The second end of the second roller nail is provided with a second hook portion, and the second hook portion is provided with a second hook groove. When the second roller nail rotates from bottom to top, the opening of the second hook groove faces upward, and when the second roller nail rotates from top to bottom, the opening of the second hook groove faces downward.

2. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first guide trough is inclined relative to the vertical direction. The upper end of the first guide trough is connected to the rear end of the first feeding plate, and the lower end of the first guide trough extends through the discharge port to below the discharge port. The second guide trough is inclined relative to the vertical direction. There is a gap between the upper end of the second guide trough and the rear end of the second feeding plate. The stems output by the second feeding plate fall through the gap and below the gap. The tobacco output by the second feeding plate is blown into the second guide trough by the wind force of the blower mechanism. The stem tag receiving box is located below the gap; A tobacco shred receiving box is located behind the stem and stick receiving box, and the tobacco shred receiving box is located below the lower end of the second guide trough; A waste receiving box is located in front of the stem and tag receiving box, and the waste receiving box is located below the lower end of the first guide chute.

3. The stem and filament separation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The blower is a fan, and the blower's nozzle blows air toward the gap.

4. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper loosening roller has a plurality of first mounting grooves extending along the second direction on its circumferential surface, and each first substrate is respectively embedded in each first mounting groove; the lower loosening roller has a plurality of second mounting grooves extending along the second direction on its circumferential surface, and each second substrate is respectively embedded in each second mounting groove.

5. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the second end of the first roller nail and the axis of the upper loosening roller is the first extension length, and the distance between the second end of the second roller nail and the axis of the lower loosening roller is the second extension length. The axial distance between the upper loosening roller and the lower loosening roller is less than the sum of the first extension length and the second extension length.

6. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When a first row of roller nails intersects with a second row of roller nails during rotation, the first roller nails in the first row of roller nails and the second roller nails in the second row of roller nails are arranged alternately along the second direction.

7. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotational speed ratio between the upper loosening roller and the lower loosening roller is 1.3:

1.

8. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first rotating shaft is connected to the upper loosening roller; The first transmission wheel is mounted on the first rotating shaft, and the axis of the first rotating shaft, the axis of the upper loosening roller, and the axis of the first transmission wheel coincide. The second rotating shaft is connected to the lower loosening roller; The second transmission wheel is mounted on the second rotating shaft, and the axis of the second rotating shaft, the axis of the lower loosening roller, and the axis of the second transmission wheel coincide. A transmission component is disposed between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, and the transmission component is capable of transmitting power between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel; The first motor has its output end connected to either the first or the second rotating shaft.

9. The stem bundle separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, A feeding mechanism is provided above the feed inlet, and the feeding mechanism includes: The hopper has a storage chamber inside, an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom, and both the inlet and the outlet are connected to the storage chamber. The first belt conveyor has its upper surface running in a first direction. The inlet of the first belt conveyor is located below the outlet, and the outlet is spaced a certain distance from the upper surface of the belt conveyor. The outlet of the first belt conveyor is located above the inlet. A discharge roller is disposed on one side of the discharge port along the first direction. The discharge roller extends along the second direction, which is parallel to the upper surface of the belt conveyor and perpendicular to the first direction. The circumferential surface of the discharge roller is spaced a certain distance from the upper surface of the belt conveyor. The discharge roller can rotate around its own axis. A plurality of third roller nails are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the discharge roller, and the third roller nails extend along the radial direction of the discharge roller.

10. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, An adjustment mechanism is connected to the discharge roller. The adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the discharge roller in the vertical direction to change the minimum interval between the circumferential surface of the discharge roller and the upper surface of the belt conveyor.

11. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes: Two adjusting plates are respectively disposed at both ends of the discharge roller, and both ends of the discharge roller are respectively hinged to the two adjusting plates; the adjusting plates are provided with threaded holes, and the two side walls of the hopper spaced apart along the second direction are respectively provided with strip-shaped holes extending in the vertical direction; or, the adjusting plates are provided with strip-shaped holes extending in the vertical direction, and the two side walls of the hopper spaced apart along the second direction are respectively provided with threaded holes. Multiple bolts pass through each of the strip holes and are threadedly connected to the corresponding threaded holes, so that the adjusting plate is fixed to the side wall of the hopper.

12. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: Second motor; A transmission mechanism is provided between the second motor and the discharge roller, and the second motor can drive the discharge roller to rotate through the transmission mechanism; The control system is electrically connected to the first belt conveyor and the second motor, respectively.

13. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes a second belt conveyor, the output end of which is located above the feed inlet, and the second belt conveyor is used to transport materials into the silo.

14. The stem bundle separation device as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The storage chamber is equipped with a high-level detection unit, a medium-level detection unit, and a low-level detection unit arranged sequentially from top to bottom. All three units are electrically connected to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber reaches the detection area of ​​the low-level detection unit, the low-level detection unit sends a signal to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber reaches the detection area of ​​the high-level detection unit, the high-level detection unit sends a signal to the control system. When the material level in the storage chamber reaches the detection area of ​​the medium-level detection unit, the medium-level detection unit sends a signal to the control system.

15. A method of operating the stem bundle separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, include: The first feeding plate conveys the stalk bundles input from the feed inlet from front to back. Impurities mixed in the stalk bundles pass through the gap between the first loosening roller group and the first feeding plate and are output from the rear end of the first feeding plate. The stalk bundles formed by the stalk sticks and tobacco shreds being entangled are hooked and loosened by the first loosening roller group and then thrown onto the second feeding plate. After being loosened by the first loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds pass through the gap between the second loosening roller group and the second feeding plate and are conveyed to the rear end of the second feeding plate. The stem shreds that are not loosened enough are hooked by the second loosening roller group and loosened, and then thrown onto the third feeding plate. After being loosened by the second loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds pass through the gap between the third loosening roller group and the third feeding plate, are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate, and fall from the rear end of the third feeding plate onto the second feeding plate. The stem shreds that have not been loosened sufficiently are hooked and loosened by the third loosening roller group, and then thrown to the rear of the third feeding plate. After being loosened by the third loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds are conveyed to the rear end of the third feeding plate and fall from the rear end of the third feeding plate onto the second feeding plate. After being loosened by the first loosening roller group, the second loosening roller group, and the third loosening roller group, the stems and tobacco shreds finally fall from the rear end of the second feeding plate. The blower blows air onto the falling stems and tobacco shreds, blowing the tobacco shreds out of the stems and tobacco shreds, thereby separating the tobacco shreds from the stems and tobacco shreds.

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