A wedge sleeve machining system and machining method

Abstract

The application relates to a wedge core sleeve processing system and a processing method, and the system comprises two process tables arranged at two ends of the axial direction of a part to be cut, the process tables are in a cylindrical shape and coaxial with the part to be cut; a grinding tooling comprises a mandrel and a fixing structure, the mandrel can pass through the two process tables and the part to be cut and is connected to the process tables through the fixing structure, the mandrel is relatively fixed with the process tables through the fixing structure and kept coaxial with the part to be cut, and the mandrel provides a support point of a machine tool center; a detection device detects the included angle between the bottom surface of a T-shaped groove and the end surface of the part during the cutting of the T-shaped groove; and a grinding wheel grinds the inner wall of the lower groove of the T-shaped groove after cutting. The application provides a space for avoiding the cutter through the process table, avoids the interference between the cutter and the machine tool, facilitates the clamping and tool setting of the part through the grinding tooling, the machine tool center is not directly contacted with the part to be machined, the influence of the machine tool center force on the part itself is reduced, and the finishing quality is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of machining, and specifically to a wedge sleeve machining system and machining method. Background Technology

[0002] The high-precision wedge sleeve is one of the key components of a large, high-precision self-centering chuck for vertical lathes. Its main function is to maintain the centering accuracy and function of the self-centering chuck in use, as well as to support the clamping and loosening movements of the chuck jaws. The quality of the machining of this part directly affects the centering accuracy and repeatability of the self-centering chuck.

[0003] Compared to ordinary disc sleeve parts, the special feature of wedge sleeves is that high-precision oblique T-slots are evenly distributed on the part body. The grooves also need to be hardened to achieve high hardness. Furthermore, the T-slots have an extremely high positional accuracy relationship with the reference outer circle. The overall structure of the part and the machined parts are all irregular structures, which will be limited by many factors such as mounting method, cutting method, and precision control during the actual manufacturing process.

[0004] Because the part is a rotary part, but the T-slots are distributed obliquely, the oblique T-slots will interfere with the chuck and center of the machine tool when machining, making it difficult to load and set the part normally and stably. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a wedge sleeve machining system and machining method to solve the problem in the related art where the structural type of the part is a rotary part, but the uniformly distributed T-slot structure is obliquely distributed. When machining the oblique T-slots, interference will occur with the chuck and center of the machine tool, making it difficult to perform normal and stable mounting and tool setting of the part.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] In this regard, this application provides a wedge sleeve machining system, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0008] A wedge sleeve machining system, comprising:

[0009] Two process tables are integrally formed on the part to be cut. The two process tables are located at both ends of the part to be cut along the axial direction. The process tables are cylindrical and coaxial with the part to be cut. The process tables are suitable for being removed after the part is processed.

[0010] A grinding fixture includes a mandrel and a fixing structure. The mandrel can pass through two process tables and the workpiece to be cut and is connected to the process tables through the fixing structure. It is suitable for fixing the mandrel relative to the process tables and keeping it coaxial with the workpiece to be cut through the fixing structure. The mandrel is used to provide a support point for the machine tool center.

[0011] The detection device is used to detect the angle between the bottom surface of the T-slot and the end face of the part during the T-slot cutting process, and is suitable for adjusting the cutting parameters based on the detection results;

[0012] Grinding wheels are used to grind the inner wall of the lower T-slot after cutting.

[0013] Preferably, two flanges are respectively disposed at both ends of the mandrel. The flanges are coaxially sleeved on the mandrel and restricted from moving radially relative to the mandrel. The flanges include a radial limiting part and an axial limiting part. The radial limiting part can be embedded in the process table when the mandrel is coaxial with the process table to restrict the mandrel from moving radially relative to the process table. The axial limiting part can abut against the end face of the process table when the radial limiting part is embedded in the process table. One of the flanges can move axially relative to the mandrel to disengage from the mandrel.

[0014] A locking nut is adapted to be threaded onto the mandrel and abut against the flange that is movable relative to the mandrel when the two axial limiting parts abut against the two end faces of the process table, so as to restrict the axial movement of the mandrel relative to the process table by means of the locking nut and the flange fixed to the mandrel.

[0015] Preferably, the mandrel has center holes at both ends that mate with the machine tool center.

[0016] Preferably, the grinding wheel is cylindrical, with a diameter greater than the width of the upper groove of the T-slot and less than the width of the lower groove, and an axial thickness less than the depth of the lower groove of the T-slot. This allows the grinding wheel to be placed in the T-slot with its axis perpendicular to the length of the T-slot and perpendicular to the bottom surface of the T-slot, so that the inner wall of the lower groove of the T-slot can be ground by the grinding wheel.

[0017] Preferably, the grinding wheel includes a grinding wheel body and a grinding material layer. The grinding wheel body is cylindrical, and the grinding material layer covers the outer edges of the peripheral side surface and the two bottom surfaces of the grinding wheel body.

[0018] Preferably, the areas on both bottom surfaces of the grinding wheel that are not covered by the grinding material layer are recessed inward.

[0019] Preferably, the detection device includes an angle detection block, which includes a reference part and a detection part. The reference part has a reference surface, and the detection part has a detection surface. The reference surface and the detection surface are connected and the included angle formed is consistent with the included angle formed by the end face of the standard part and the bottom surface of the T-slot. The reference surface is used to fit the end face of the part, and the detection part is used to be inserted into the T-slot and make the detection surface fit the bottom surface of the T-slot. It is suitable to insert the detection part into the T-slot and make the reference surface fit the end face of the part. The included angle formed by the bottom surface of the T-slot and the end face of the part is determined according to the fit between the detection surface and the bottom surface of the T-slot.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a method for machining a wedge sleeve, which is performed using the wedge sleeve machining system described above.

[0021] Preferably, the grinding wheel grinding parameters are: rotational speed 5000 r / min, feed rate 100 mm / min, and depth of cut 0.002 mm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. This application provides a process table at both ends of the workpiece to be machined. The diameter and length of the process table are determined according to the length of the cutting tool and the dimensions of the chuck and center. The process table provides axial space for the workpiece to avoid interference with the machine tool during T-slot cutting and grinding, thus preventing tool collisions and inability to set the tool. Through the design of the grinding fixture, a mandrel passes through the process table and the workpiece and is fixed by a fixing structure. The mandrel provides a support point for the machine tool center, facilitating the mounting of the workpiece on the machine tool. The machine tool center and tool setting mechanism can further increase the axial distance between the machine tool center and the workpiece. Simultaneously, the machine tool center contacts the mandrel instead of directly contacting the workpiece, thereby reducing the impact of the machine tool center force on the workpiece itself, significantly reducing the grinding stress on the workpiece, reducing deformation, and further ensuring the quality of the finishing process. The detection device detects the T-slot angle during T-slot cutting and is suitable for adjusting cutting parameters based on the detection results to ensure the machining accuracy of the T-slot. The grinding wheel grinds the inner wall of the lower T-slot after cutting, ensuring that the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the T-slot meet the requirements.

[0024] 2. The grinding wheel structure in the wedge sleeve machining system of this application includes a grinding wheel body and a grinding material layer. The size and specifications of the grinding wheel are designed according to the size of the T-slot structure. The T-slot structure allows the grinding of the inner surfaces on both sides of the lower T-slot to be completed in one pass, so that the machining accuracy of the inner surfaces on both sides of the lower T-slot meets the requirements. The grinding material layer is designed according to the material hardness of the inner surface of the T-slot, so that it can perform grinding of the inner surface of the T-slot.

[0025] 3. In the wedge sleeve machining system of this application, the detection device adopts an angle detection block, which is equipped with a reference part and a detection part, and corresponding reference surface and detection surface. During the T-slot cutting process, after a certain thickness of cutting is completed, the detection part is inserted into the T-slot and the reference surface is made to fit the end face of the part. The accuracy of the bottom surface of the T-slot is detected according to the fit between the detection surface and the bottom surface of the T-slot. Based on the detection results, the cutting angle and other parameters are corrected and adjusted at any time to ensure that the angle of the T-slot meets the requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the part in this invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process table and grinding fixture in the wedge sleeve machining system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device in the wedge core sleeve processing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and processing state of the grinding wheel in the wedge sleeve processing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 1. Part; 2. Process table; 3. Mandrel; 4. Flange; 5. Locking nut; 6. Angle detection block; 61. Reference surface; 62. Detection surface; 7. Grinding wheel; 71. Grinding wheel body; 72. Grinding material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.

[0034] It is understood that spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "above," etc., can be used here to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as "below" or "below" of the other element or feature will be oriented "above" the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0035] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. In the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have the transmission of electrical signals or data between them.

[0036] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0037] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown in the figure, this application provides a wedge sleeve machining system, which includes two process tables 2 integrally formed on the workpiece 1 to be cut, a grinding fixture, a detection device, and a grinding wheel 7. The two process tables 2 are located at both ends of the workpiece 1 in the axial direction. The process tables 2 are cylindrical and coaxial with the workpiece 1. The process tables 2 are suitable for removal after the workpiece 1 is machined. The grinding fixture includes a mandrel 3 and a fixing structure. The mandrel 3 can pass through the two process tables 2 and the workpiece 1 to be cut and is connected to the process tables 2 through the fixing structure. It is suitable for fixing the mandrel 3 to the process tables 2 and keeping it coaxial with the workpiece 1 through the fixing structure. The mandrel 3 is used to provide a support point for the machine tool center. The detection device is used to detect the angle between the bottom surface of the T-slot and the end face of the workpiece 1 during the T-slot cutting process, and is suitable for adjusting the cutting parameters according to the detection result. The grinding wheel 7 is used to grind the inner wall of the lower groove of the T-slot after the cutting is completed.

[0038] Reference Figure 1-2As shown, specifically, the process table 2 is integrally formed with the part 1, and the inner hole of the process table 2 is coaxial with the inner hole of the part 1. The process table 2 is configured to provide space for the tool to be avoided in the axial direction of the part 1 to be processed, thereby avoiding interference between the tool and the machine tool during the T-slot cutting and grinding process, and avoiding tool collision and inability to set the tool. In addition, the inner hole of the process table 2 can also serve as a positioning hole for the grinding fixture during the grinding of the outer diameter of the part 1, so as to improve the fitting accuracy between the outer diameter and the inner hole of the part 1.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-2 As shown, after designing the process table 2, a grinding fixture is designed to facilitate the mounting of part 1 on the machine tool. Both ends of the mandrel 3 are designed with center holes that mate with the machine tool centers. To fix the mandrel 3 to the process table 2 and the part 1 to be processed, the fixing structure includes two flanges 4 and a locking nut 5. The two flanges 4 are respectively located at both ends of the mandrel 3. The flanges 4 are coaxially sleeved on the mandrel 3 and restricted from moving radially relative to the mandrel 3. The flanges 4 include a radial limiting part and an axial limiting part. The radial limiting part can be inserted when the mandrel 3 and the process table 2 are coaxial. In the process table 2, the spindle 3 is restricted to move radially relative to the process table 2. The axial limiting part can abut against the end face of the process table 2 when the radial limiting part is embedded in the process table 2. One of the flanges 4 can move axially relative to the spindle 3 until it is separated from the spindle 3. When the two axial limiting parts abut against the end faces of the two process tables 2 respectively, the locking nut 5 is threaded onto the spindle 3 and abuts against the flange 4 that can move relative to the spindle 3. The locking nut 5 and the flange 4 fixed to the spindle 3 are used to restrict the spindle 3 from moving axially relative to the process table 2.

[0040] Specifically, when connecting the mandrel 3 to the part 1, the flange 4, which can move relative to the mandrel 3, is removed from the mandrel 3. The mandrel 3 is then passed through the process table 2, the part 1, and another process table 2 in sequence. The radial limiting part of the flange 4, which is fixed on the mandrel 3, is embedded in the process table 2, and the axial limiting part abuts against the process table 2. Then, the removed flange 4 is connected to the mandrel 3 from the end of the mandrel 3 away from the fixed flange 4, and the radial limiting part of the flange 4 is embedded in the process table. At the same time, the axial limiting part of the flange 4 abuts against another process table 2. Then, the locking nut 5 is connected to the mandrel 3 and abuts against the movable flange 4, so that the two flanges 4 clamp the part 1 and the process table 2 and fix the mandrel 3 to the part 1. In this way, the machine tool center presses the mandrel 3 to fix the part 1. The mandrel 3 provides a support point for the machine tool tip, which facilitates the mounting and tool setting of the workpiece 1 on the machine tool. It can also further increase the axial distance between the machine tool tip and the workpiece 1. At the same time, the machine tool tip contacts the mandrel 3 but does not directly contact the workpiece 1, thereby reducing the impact of the machine tool tip force on the workpiece 1 itself, greatly reducing the grinding force on the workpiece 1, reducing deformation, and further ensuring the quality of finishing.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 As shown, due to the high angular accuracy requirements of the uniformly distributed oblique T-slots, the actual angle error cannot be effectively detected during online machining, making online compensation and correction impossible, and the angular accuracy is difficult to meet the requirements. Considering that the angular accuracy of the T-slot is greatly affected by the accuracy of the bottom surface of the T-slot, that is, the accuracy of the angle formed by the bottom surface of the T-slot and the end face of part 1 affects the angle of the T-slot, a detection device is designed to detect the angle formed by the bottom surface and the end face of part 1 during the T-slot cutting process, and to adjust the cutting parameters according to the detection results to ensure that the bottom surface accuracy and the angle accuracy between the bottom surface and the end face of the T-slot meet the requirements, thereby ensuring that the angular accuracy of the T-slot meets the requirements.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the detection device includes an angle detection block 6, which includes a reference part and a detection part. A reference surface 61 is provided on the reference part, and a detection surface 62 is provided on the detection part. The reference surface 61 and the detection surface 62 are connected and the included angle formed is consistent with the included angle formed by the end face of the standard part 1 and the bottom surface of the T-slot. The reference surface 61 is used to fit the end face of the part 1, and the detection part is used to insert into the T-slot and make the detection surface 62 fit the bottom surface of the T-slot. It is suitable to insert the detection part into the T-slot and make the reference surface 61 fit the end face of the part 1 during detection. The included angle formed by the bottom surface of the T-slot and the end face of the part 1 is determined based on the fit between the detection surface 62 and the bottom surface of the T-slot. When the accuracy and angle of the bottom surface of the T-slot do not meet the requirements, when the reference surface 61 is in contact with the end face of part 1, there is a gap between the detection surface 62 of the detection unit and the bottom surface of the T-slot. The subsequent cutting parameters are adjusted by detecting the size of the gap to compensate for the error, ensuring that the accuracy of the bottom surface of the T-slot and the angle between it and the end face of part 1 meet the requirements. This ensures the accuracy of the angle when part 1 is mounted once, and avoids the situation where the angle of part 1 exceeds the tolerance after it is removed from the machine tool and cannot be restored and reworked.

[0043] Because the inclined T-slot of part 1 needs to be hardened, the hardness inside the slot is close to HRC60. Conventional multi-axis linkage milling cannot effectively remove the material inside the slot, and cannot guarantee the surface roughness requirement Ra0.8 and dimensional accuracy requirements of the slot.

[0044] Reference Figure 4As shown, to solve the above problems, the grinding wheel 7 in this application is designed according to the T-slot structure and surface hardness. Specifically, the grinding wheel 7 is cylindrical and includes a grinding wheel body 71 and a grinding material layer 72. The grinding wheel body 71 is cylindrical, and the grinding material layer 72 covers the outer edges of the peripheral side surface and the two bottom surfaces of the grinding wheel body 71. The material of the grinding material layer 72 is selected according to the surface hardness of the T-slot, so that it can smoothly grind the inner surface of the T-slot. In this embodiment, diamond abrasive is used. The overall diameter of the grinding wheel 7 is larger than the width of the upper groove of the T-slot and smaller than the width of the lower groove. The axial thickness of the grinding wheel 7 is smaller than the depth of the lower groove of the T-slot. It is suitable to place the grinding wheel 7 in the T-slot with its axis perpendicular to the length direction of the T-slot and perpendicular to the bottom surface of the T-slot, so that the inner wall of the lower groove of the T-slot can be ground by the grinding wheel 7.

[0045] Furthermore, to ensure the best grinding effect, the grinding parameters were determined through experiments to be: grinding wheel 7 rotation speed 5000 r / min, feed speed 100 mm / min, depth of cut 0.002 mm. Using these parameters can achieve the best grinding effect and ensure the grinding accuracy of the inner surface of the T-slot.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a method for machining a wedge sleeve, which is performed using the wedge sleeve machining system described above.

[0047] By utilizing the machining system and method of the wedge sleeve of the present invention, and by designing the process table 2, grinding fixtures, grinding tools and cutting parameters, the technical problem of the difficult machining of the wedge sleeve, the core component of the self-centering chuck for vertical lathes, can be solved.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for processing a wedge core sleeve, the system comprising: The application relates to a grinding device for a T-shaped groove, which comprises the following parts: two process bases (2) integrally formed on a part (1) to be cut, the two process bases (2) being arranged at two ends of the part (1) to be cut in the axial direction, the process bases (2) being cylindrical and coaxial with the part (1) to be cut, and the process bases (2) being suitable for cutting off after the part (1) is machined; a grinding tool, which comprises a mandrel (3) and a fixing structure, the mandrel (3) being capable of penetrating the two process bases (2) and the part (1) to be cut and being connected to the process bases (2) through the fixing structure, the mandrel (3) being suitable for being fixed relative to the process bases (2) through the fixing structure and being kept coaxial with the part (1) to be cut, and the mandrel (3) being used for providing a support point of a lathe center; a detection device, which is used for detecting the included angle between the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove and the end surface of the part (1) during the cutting of the T-shaped groove and is suitable for adjusting the cutting parameters according to the detection result; a grinding wheel (7), which is used for grinding the inner wall of the lower groove of the T-shaped groove after the cutting is completed; the fixing structure comprises: two flanges (4) arranged at two ends of the mandrel (3) respectively, the flanges (4) being coaxially sleeved on the mandrel (3) and being limited to move relative to the mandrel (3) in the radial direction, the flanges (4) comprising radial limiting parts and axial limiting parts, the radial limiting parts being capable of being embedded in the process bases (2) when the mandrel (3) is coaxial with the process bases (2) so as to limit the relative movement of the mandrel (3) and the process bases (2) in the radial direction, and the axial limiting parts being capable of abutting against the end surfaces of the process bases (2) when the radial limiting parts are embedded in the process bases (2), and one of the flanges (4) being capable of moving relative to the mandrel (3) in the axial direction to be separated from the mandrel (3); a locking nut (5), which is suitable for being screwed on the mandrel (3) and abutting against the flange (4) capable of moving relative to the mandrel (3) when the two axial limiting parts abut against the end surfaces of the two process bases (2) respectively, so that the mandrel (3) is limited to move relative to the process bases (2) in the axial direction through the cooperation of the locking nut (5) and the flange (4) fixed to the mandrel (3).

2. The wedge core set machining system of claim 1, wherein: The mandrel (3) is provided with a center hole at two ends, which is matched with a lathe center.

3. The wedge core set machining system of claim 1, wherein: The grinding wheel (7) is cylindrical, the diameter of the grinding wheel (7) is greater than the width of the upper groove of the T-shaped groove and is less than the width of the lower groove, and the axial thickness of the grinding wheel (7) is less than the depth of the lower groove of the T-shaped groove, so that the grinding wheel (7) is arranged in the T-shaped groove in a posture that the axial line is perpendicular to the length direction of the T-shaped groove and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove, and the inner wall of the lower groove of the T-shaped groove is ground through the grinding wheel (7).

4. The wedge core set machining system of claim 3, wherein: The grinding wheel (7) comprises a grinding wheel body (71) and a grinding material layer (72), the grinding wheel body (71) is cylindrical, and the grinding material layer (72) covers the outer edges of the circumferential surface and the two bottom surfaces of the grinding wheel body (71).

5. The wedge core set machining system of claim 4, wherein: The areas of the two bottom surfaces of the grinding wheel body (71) which are not covered by the grinding material layer (72) are inwardly recessed.

6. The wedge core set machining system of claim 5, wherein: The detection device comprises an angle detection block (6) comprising a reference part and a detection part, the reference part is provided with a reference surface (61), the detection part is provided with a detection surface (62), the reference surface (61) and the detection surface (62) are connected and the included angle is consistent with the included angle between the end surface of the standard part (1) and the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove, the reference surface (61) is used for abutting the end surface of the part (1), the detection part is used for being inserted into the T-shaped groove and abutting the detection surface (62) to the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove, the detection part is inserted into the T-shaped groove and the reference surface (61) abuts the end surface of the part (1), and the abutting degree between the detection surface (62) and the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove is used for judging the included angle between the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove and the end surface of the part (1).

7. A method of processing a wedge core sleeve, the method comprising: The wedge core sleeve machining system is used for machining.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the core wrap is a wedge core wrap. The grinding wheel (7) has the following grinding parameters: rotation speed 5000 r / min, feed speed 100 mm / min and cutting depth 0.002 mm.

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