A catalyst for cyclic carbonates, its preparation method and applications

Abstract

The application provides a catalyst for cyclic carbonates and a preparation method and application thereof. A main catalyst with a comb-type molecular structure is synthesized by polymerization of a polyether macro-monomer, a quaternary ammonium salt monomer and a tertiary amine monomer. The quaternary ammonium salt group and the tertiary amine group are loaded on the polymer main chain, and the side chain is the polyether macro-monomer with a certain molecular weight. The quaternary ammonium salt catalyst can not only play a catalytic effect, but also the tertiary amine group, the hydroxyl group and the oxygen atom in the ether bond structure all have a certain complexing effect, which can stabilize the ion pair of the quaternary ammonium salt catalyst and ensure the catalytic effect of the catalyst. The comb-type molecular structure gives the polymer good electrostatic effect and steric hindrance effect, and has better inhibition effect on the material agglomeration in the reaction system and improves the mixing effect of the materials. A cocatalyst is used, mainly providing halogen ions with large ion radius such as bromine and iodine for the main catalyst, and the halogen ions are ion exchanged with the chloride ions in the quaternary ammonium salt to form quaternary ammonium bromide and quaternary ammonium iodide with higher catalytic activity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of materials, specifically relating to a catalyst for cyclic carbonates, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The global climate and ecosystem changes caused by greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2), are receiving widespread attention, with annual global CO2 emissions reaching tens of billions of tons. Controlling CO2 emissions and its recovery, fixation, utilization, and recycling have become serious concerns for countries worldwide. Meanwhile, from a resource utilization perspective, CO2 is the world's most abundant and inexpensive C1 (carbon-1) resource. Therefore, vigorously developing green CO2 utilization technologies, developing a green, high-tech, and fine chemical industry chain, and increasing product added value are of great significance.

[0003] Cyclic carbonates, especially ethylene / propylene carbonate, serve as basic chemical raw materials and can be used in high-value-added fine chemicals such as lithium battery electrolytes, polycarbonates, non-isocyanate polyurethanes, biodegradable plastics, heterocyclic compounds, dimethyl carbonate, vinylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, and fluoroethylene carbonate (Chen Songcong et al., Indirect Utilization of Carbon Dioxide: Research Progress on the Application of Ethylene Carbonate [J], Molecular Catalysis, 2010, 24(6), 556-568). Currently, the synthetic methods for cyclic carbonates include phosgene method, transesterification method, chlorohydrin method, urea alcoholysis method, and synthesis method using epoxides and CO2 (Yang Chao, Research on the Synthesis and Application of Ethylene Carbonate [D], Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2010). The direct cycloaddition synthesis method using CO2 and epoxides is one of the main methods for industrial mass production and is also the process route that best conforms to the scientific concepts of "atom economy" and "green chemistry".

[0004] Catalysts for the direct cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides to synthesize cyclic carbonates fall into two main categories: homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts. Homogeneous catalysts are characterized by high catalytic efficiency and mild reaction conditions, including quaternary phosphate salts, quaternary ammonium salts, ionic liquids, alkali metal salts, and organometallic salts (Tan Yanan et al., Research progress on catalysts for the synthesis of ethylene carbonate from ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide [J], Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(S1):241-246.). Heterogeneous catalysts facilitate the separation of catalysts and reactants, reducing separation energy consumption and costs. Heterogeneous catalysts mainly involve loading catalytically active catalysts onto materials such as silica, molecular sieves, zeolites, silicon-based materials, and polystyrene resins, or using metal oxides with Lewis acid and Lewis base active sites. Furthermore, MOF catalysts with abundant acid and base active sites and rich pores have been derived (Zhang Guangyu et al., Research progress on CO2 catalytic conversion to propylene carbonate: catalyst design, performance and reaction mechanism [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(S1):177-189.).

[0005] The aforementioned catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the addition reaction of CO2 and epoxides, but some problems and shortcomings also exist. Currently, homogeneous catalysts are mainly used in the industrial application of cyclic carbonates. The main problems are the large amount of homogeneous catalysts required and the high energy consumption for separation from the reaction liquid. Heterogeneous catalysts are still in the theoretical research stage, and the main problems they face include the following: First, the preparation process of heterogeneous catalysts is relatively complex; catalysts supported by physical adsorption or complexation are easily incorporated into the reaction liquid, leading to a decrease in catalytic efficiency. Second, ethylene carbonate itself is a high-performance organic solvent; using resin as a support, it is also prone to continuous dissolution in the high-temperature reaction liquid, leading to structural damage and performance degradation of the catalyst itself. Third, when using zeolites, molecular sieves, etc., as support carriers, the processing and shaping of the catalyst is a significant problem. Furthermore, the reaction process of CO2 and epoxides is a supercritical vapor-liquid interface reaction, which places higher demands on the contact and mixing of materials. Current research on homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts rarely addresses how to improve material contact and mixing through catalyst modification. Current research on homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts rarely addresses how to improve the contact and mixing of gas-liquid materials through modification of the catalyst or catalytic system.

[0006] Therefore, it is essential to provide a cyclic carbonate catalyst with high catalytic efficiency, good selectivity, and simple material separation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a catalyst for cyclic carbonates and a method for preparing the same. The catalyst is prepared by free radical polymerization using polyether macromonomers, amide monomers, and quaternary ammonium salt monomers as comonomers. It exhibits high catalytic efficiency, good selectivity, and simple material separation when used in the preparation of cyclic carbonates.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of a catalyst for cyclic carbonates, wherein the catalyst for cyclic carbonates prepared above is used as a main catalyst and a co-catalyst in a certain proportion for the preparation of cyclic carbonates.

[0009] The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0010] A catalyst for a cyclic carbonate, which is a supported quaternary ammonium salt, has the following structural formula:

[0011]

[0012] In the structural formula, R is one of H and CH3; X is a halogen, preferably one of Cl, Br, and I; d is an integer between 0 and 3, m is a positive integer between 5 and 50, n is an integer between 0 and 10, and a:b:c = 1:(2.0 to 4.0):(2.0 to 10.0).

[0013] The present invention provides a method for preparing a catalyst for cyclic carbonates, specifically comprising:

[0014] Using polyether macromonomers and oxidants as base materials, water was added to dilute the base materials to 60% by mass to form a base solution. A 20% by mass solution of reducing agent and chain transfer agent was prepared by adding water to prepare a 50% by mass solution of quaternary ammonium salt monomers and a 60% by mass solution of amide monomers. At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, components A, B and C were added dropwise to the base materials simultaneously. After the addition was complete, the reaction was continued at the temperature. After the reaction was completed, water was added to dilute the solution to a 40% by mass solution to obtain a catalyst for cyclic carbonates.

[0015] In the above preparation method, the reaction temperature is room temperature, the reaction pressure is atmospheric pressure, the dropping time of component A is 3.5 h, the dropping time of component B is 3.0 h, and the dropping time of component C is 3.0 h. After the dropping is completed, the reaction is kept at the temperature for 1.0 h.

[0016] The polyether macromonomer is a polyether macromonomer containing unsaturated double bonds, and its molecular structure is shown below:

[0017]

[0018] Where R is one of H or CH3; d is an integer between 0 and 3; m is a positive integer between 5 and 50; and n is an integer between 0 and 10.

[0019] The polyether macromonomer was synthesized using an anionic ring-opening polymerization method with sodium metal as a catalyst. First, an unsaturated alcohol containing double bonds was used as a base solution, and 1%–3% (by mass) of sodium metal was added as a catalyst. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was transferred to a pressurized reactor, purged three times with nitrogen, and then evacuated to -0.1 MPa. The temperature was raised to 100°C, and epoxides were introduced at a certain rate. The reaction temperature was maintained between 100 and 130°C, and the reaction pressure was ≤0.4 MPa. After the epoxide feed was completed, the reaction was continued at this temperature for 0.5 hours to obtain a light brownish-yellow polyether macromonomer with a certain viscosity. The synthesis method is well-known in the industry and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] Preferably, the polyether macromonomer has the following structural formula:

[0021] Any one or more.

[0022] The amide monomer is a tertiary amine monomer containing an unsaturated double bond, preferably one of N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, N,N-diisopropylacrylamide, and N,N-dimethyl(methacrylamide);

[0023] The quaternary ammonium salt monomer is a quaternary ammonium salt containing unsaturated double bonds, preferably one of allyltrimethylammonium chloride, allyltrimethylammonium bromide, allyltriethylammonium bromide, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium bromide, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride;

[0024] The molar ratio of the polyether macromonomer, amide monomer, and quaternary ammonium salt monomer is a:b:c = 1:(2.0~4.0):(2.0~10.0);

[0025] The amount of the oxidant used is (0.5% to 2%) of the mass of the polyether macromonomer, and the oxidant is selected from hydrogen peroxide, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate.

[0026] The amount of the reducing agent is (0.2% to 0.5%) of the mass of the polyether macromonomer, and the reducing agent is selected from L-ascorbic acid, sodium thiosulfate, and E51.

[0027] The amount of the chain transfer agent is (0.2% to 1%) of the mass of the polyether macromonomer, and the chain transfer agent is selected from one of mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, mercaptoacetic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, sodium hypophosphite, etc.

[0028] The present invention provides an application of a catalyst for cyclic carbonates, wherein the catalyst for cyclic carbonates is used as a main catalyst for the catalytic synthesis of cyclic carbonates.

[0029] The specific application method is as follows: the main catalyst, co-catalyst and cyclic carbonate are mixed in a reactor, heated under a nitrogen atmosphere, and epoxide and carbon dioxide are added to react.

[0030] The mass ratio of the main catalyst to the co-catalyst is (5-10):1;

[0031] The mass ratio of the epoxide to carbon dioxide is 1:(1.1-2.0);

[0032] The total amount of the main catalyst and co-catalyst is 1%-5% of the mass of the epoxide alkane;

[0033] The amount of the cyclic carbonate is 10%-20% of the mass of the epoxide; the cyclic carbonate is selected from ethylene carbonate (EC) or propylene carbonate (PC);

[0034] The co-catalyst is a metal halide salt, specifically a soluble metal halide salt; preferably, it is one of a metal bromide salt or a metal iodine salt.

[0035] More preferably, the co-catalyst is selected from one or a mixture of several of sodium bromide, potassium bromide, zinc bromide, ferrous bromide, ferric bromide, cuprous bromide, copper bromide, chromium bromide, tin bromide, cobalt bromide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, zinc iodide, ferrous iodide, ferric iodide, cuprous iodide, copper iodide, chromium iodide, tin iodide, and cobalt iodide.

[0036] Cyclic carbonates are excellent solvents for carbon dioxide and epoxides. Adding a base cyclic carbonate to the reactor can increase the solubility of carbon dioxide and epoxides in the liquid phase, promoting the contact and reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and epoxides. The base cyclic carbonate is the same type as the cyclic carbonate to be synthesized. For the synthesis of ethylene carbonate (EC), EC is used as the base; for the synthesis of propylene carbonate (PC), PC is used as the base.

[0037] The purity of the carbon dioxide is ≥99.9%;

[0038] The epoxide alkane has a water content ≤1000ppm, a gas phase purity ≥99%, and an aldehyde content ≤100ppm;

[0039] The epoxide alkane is selected from ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO);

[0040] The temperature is raised to 110°C, and then epoxides and carbon dioxide are added.

[0041] The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 110–150℃ and a pressure of 0.1–2.0 MPa; the reaction time is 1.0 h.

[0042] Preferably, the specific application method is as follows: add the main catalyst, the co-catalyst and the cyclic carbonate to the reactor, seal the reactor and perform nitrogen purging three times, heat the reactor to the set temperature, and simultaneously introduce metered epoxide and carbon dioxide into the reactor under certain temperature and pressure conditions. After the feeding is completed, continue to keep the reaction at the temperature for a period of time. After the reaction is completed, cool down to 50°C and discharge the material to obtain the cyclic carbonate reaction solution. Take a sample for GC testing.

[0043] The synthesis of the cyclic carbonates of this invention follows the reaction principle shown in the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] This invention uses polyether macromonomers, amide monomers, and quaternary ammonium salt monomers as comonomers, and the initiation system includes an oxidant, a reducing agent, and a chain transfer agent. A catalyst for cyclic carbonates is prepared by aqueous free radical polymerization using a free radical polymerization method. In this invention, the polyether macromonomers, quaternary ammonium salt monomers, and tertiary amine monomers are polymerized to form a comb-shaped main catalyst. The quaternary ammonium salt groups and tertiary amine groups are supported on the polymer backbone, and the side chains are polyether macromonomers with a certain molecular weight. This not only allows the catalytic effect of the quaternary ammonium salt, but also the tertiary amine groups, hydroxyl groups, and oxygen atoms in the ether bond structure all have a certain complexing effect, which can stabilize the ion pairs of the quaternary ammonium salt catalyst and ensure the catalytic effect. Furthermore, the comb-shaped molecular structure endows the polymer with better electrostatic interaction and steric hindrance, which better inhibits the agglomeration of materials in the reaction system and improves the mixing effect of various materials. The main catalyst structure provided by this invention contains basic tertiary amine groups, which have a good adsorption effect on acidic carbon dioxide gas, promoting the contact and reaction probability of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide in the liquid phase, and improving the reaction efficiency of cyclic carbonates. Quaternary ammonium salts are commonly used homogeneous catalysts, characterized by high catalytic efficiency and good selectivity. Loading them into polymer structures not only ensures their catalytic efficiency and selectivity but also allows for separation from cyclic carbonates through simple distillation due to their high boiling points. A co-catalyst is used, primarily providing large-radius halide ions such as bromine and iodine to the main catalyst. These ions exchange with chloride ions in the quaternary ammonium salt, forming brominated and iodinated quaternary ammonium salts with even higher catalytic activity. This invention employs a catalytic system combining a main catalyst and a co-catalyst, achieving high selectivity and yield of cyclic carbonates in the simplest and most economical way. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is the GC test spectrum of Example 2; (the leftmost peak is the acetonitrile solvent peak, and the ethylene oxide peak is right next to the acetonitrile peak);

[0047] Figure 2 The GC test spectrum of Example 4 is shown below (the leftmost peak is the acetonitrile solvent peak, and the ethylene oxide peak is right next to the acetonitrile peak). Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0049] The cyclic carbonate catalyst prepared in this invention was used as the main catalyst. Its weight-average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution (PDI), and polymer peak area ratio were determined using a Wyatt Technology Corporation gel permeation chromatography system. Mobile phase: 0.1 mol / L NaNO3 aqueous solution; mobile phase rate: 1 ml / min; injection volume: 20 μl; sample concentration: 0.5% (sample g / mobile phase g); detector: Shodex RI-71 differential refractive index detector; standards: polyethylene glycol GPC standards (Sigma-Aldrich, molecular weight 1010000, 478000, 263000, 118000, 44700, 18600, 6690, 1960, 628, 232).

[0050] The reaction solution of the cyclic carbonates of this invention was tested using a Shimadzu 2030 gas chromatograph with an Agilent DB-1701 column (column length × column inner diameter × coating thickness: 30 μm × 0.53 mm × 0.50 μm). The sample was prepared using acetonitrile at a mass ratio of 1:1. The test conditions were: injection volume of 0.4 μL, split ratio of 20:1, injection port temperature set to 270 °C, detector temperature set to 290 °C, and column oven set to programmed temperature ramp (initial 100 °C, hold for 2 min, ramp to 120 °C at 10 °C / min, ramp to 220 °C at 20 °C / min, hold for 5 min, ramp to 240 °C at 20 °C / min, hold for 20 min).

[0051] In the examples, all material quantities are in parts by mass; if not, they are converted to parts by mass.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A method for preparing a catalyst for a cyclic carbonate, specifically comprising:

[0054] The molar ratio in Example 1 is 0.36:0.72:0.72, designed according to the minimum requirement of a:b:c = 1:2:2.

[0055] Weigh 100 parts of the polyether macromonomer PEG-1 and 0.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, add water to prepare a 60% (w / w) base solution, and stir thoroughly until completely dissolved. Weigh 0.2 parts of L-ascorbic acid and 0.3 parts of mercaptoethanol, add water to prepare a 20% (w / w) dropwise additive A solution. Weigh 71 parts of N,N-dimethylacrylamide to prepare a 60% (w / w) dropwise additive C solution. Weigh 98 parts of allyltrimethylammonium chloride, add water to prepare a 50% (w / w) dropwise additive B solution. The reaction conditions are room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Add additives A, B, and C simultaneously; set the dropwise addition time for A to 3.5 h, and the dropwise addition times for B and C to 3.0 h. After the dropwise addition is complete, continue the reaction at this temperature for 1.0 h, then dilute with water to a 40% (w / w) aqueous solution to obtain the main catalyst, labeled C-1. GPC testing showed that the weight-average molecular weight M... w =5538, molecular weight distribution PDI=1.92, polymer peak area percentage 92.93%. Among them, the structure and code of the polyether macromonomer PEG-1 used are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Catalysts for other cyclic carbonates (main catalysts C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5, C-6, C-7) were prepared using the same method as in Example 1, except that the specific raw materials and amounts used were as shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0057] Table 1. Polyether macromonomer raw materials and codes used in the examples.

[0058]

[0059] Table 2. Raw material ratios for the synthesis of the main catalyst (unit: parts by mass)

[0060]

[0061] The GPC test results of the main catalysts prepared in each embodiment are shown in Table 3.

[0062] Table 3. GPC test data of the main catalysts prepared in each example.

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The application of a catalyst for the catalytic synthesis of cyclic carbonates, specifically:

[0067] Weigh 10 parts of ethylene carbonate (EC), 0.93 parts of main catalyst C-1, 0.10 parts of co-catalyst KBr, and 0.05 parts of NaI, and add them sequentially to the reactor. Seal the reactor and purge with nitrogen three times. Heat the reactor to 110℃. Weigh 100 parts of ethylene oxide (EO) and 110 parts of carbon dioxide (CO2) as feed, setting the CO2 feed rate to 1.1 times that of EO. Control the reaction temperature at 115±5℃ and the reaction pressure at 2.0MPa (the pressure is supplemented by nitrogen if necessary). After the feed is complete, continue the reaction at this temperature for 1.0h to obtain a light brownish-yellow ethylene carbonate reaction solution. Take a sample for GC testing.

[0068] Examples 3-8

[0069] The application of a catalyst for the catalytic synthesis of cyclic carbonates is described, specifically: the following cyclic carbonates are prepared according to the same reaction steps as in Example 2, with the specific amounts of raw materials shown in Table 4.

[0070] Table 4. Material ratios for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates in each embodiment (unit: parts by mass)

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] The synthesis process parameters and GC test results for each embodiment are shown in Table 5.

[0074] Table 5. Synthesis process parameters and GC tests of cyclic carbonates in each embodiment.

[0075]

[0076] according to Figure 2 Example 4 also shows other impurity peaks. (The other impurity peaks cannot be identified at present, and are temporarily labeled as known compounds).

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] The synthesis of a cyclic carbonate specifically involves: weighing 12 parts of propylene carbonate, Main catalyst: dodecyltrimethyl 3.5 parts ammonium bromideIn a sealed reactor, the reactor was purged with nitrogen three times. The reactor temperature was raised to 135℃. 100 parts of propylene oxide (PO) and 125 parts of carbon dioxide (CO2) were weighed as feed, with the CO2 feed rate set at 1.25 times that of PO. The reaction temperature was controlled at 135±5℃, and the reaction pressure at 1.5 MPa (the pressure was supplemented by nitrogen). After the feed was completed, the reaction was continued at this temperature for 1.0 h, yielding a light brownish-yellow propylene carbonate reaction solution. A sample was taken for GC testing (peak area percentage / %): propylene glycol 5.6%, dipropylene glycol 1.35%, propylene oxide 0.74%, propylene carbonate 92.31%. Comparative Example 1 had no co-catalyst and no chemically synthesized supported catalyst, resulting in a lower yield.

[0079] A cyclic carbonate content below 99% indicates a poorer yield; a content of other byproducts greater than 1% indicates a poorer reaction selectivity, which has a significant impact on the energy consumption and equipment investment for subsequent distillation and purification, especially for electronic-grade cyclic carbonates.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] The synthesis of a cyclic carbonate specifically involves: weighing 18 parts of ethylene carbonate and polyethylene glycol (M... n =600) 3 parts and catalyst KI 4.0 parts are placed in a reactor, the reactor is sealed and nitrogen is purged 3 times. The reactor temperature was raised to 160℃ Weigh out 100 parts of ethylene oxide (EO) and 140 parts of carbon dioxide (CO2), and set the CO2 feed rate to 1.4 times that of EO. The reaction temperature was controlled at 160±5℃. The reaction pressure was 1.8 MPa (the insufficient pressure was supplemented by nitrogen). After the feed was completed, the reaction was continued at a constant temperature for 1.0 h to obtain a light brownish-yellow ethylene carbonate reaction solution. A sample was taken for GC testing (peak area percentage / %): ethylene glycol 14.5%, diethylene glycol 12.3%, ethylene oxide 5.7%, and ethylene carbonate 67.5%.

[0082] Comparative Example 2 used a physical compound of polyethylene glycol and catalyst, without chemically synthesized supported catalysts or co-catalysts, and the reaction temperature was above the set temperature.

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] Weigh out 15 parts of ethylene carbonate (EC). Main catalyst C-4 0.13 parts, co-catalyst KBr 0.02 parts The ingredients are added sequentially to the reactor, which is then sealed and purged with nitrogen three times. The reactor is heated to 140°C. 100 parts of ethylene oxide (EO) and 90 parts of carbon dioxide (CO2) are weighed out. The CO2 mass feed rate is set to 0.9 times that of EO. The reaction temperature was controlled at 140±5℃. The reaction pressure is 3.0 MPa.After the feed is completed, the reaction is continued at a constant temperature for 1.0 h to obtain a light brownish-yellow ethylene carbonate reaction solution. A sample was taken for GC testing (peak area percentage / %): ethylene glycol 14.2%, diethylene glycol 10.8%, ethylene oxide 15.6%, and ethylene carbonate 59.4%.

[0085] Insufficient amounts of the main catalyst and co-catalyst, excessive reaction pressure, and lower carbon dioxide content than ethylene oxide content resulted in a very low yield of cyclic carbonates.

[0086] The data underlined above do not meet the requirements of this invention.

[0087] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Obviously, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A catalyst for cyclic carbonates, characterized by, The structural formula of the catalyst for the cyclic carbonate is as follows: ； In the structural formula, R is one of H and CH3; X is halogen; d is an integer between 0 and 3, m is a positive integer between 5 and 50, and n is an integer between 0 and 10.

2. A process for the preparation of the catalyst of claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: polyether macromonomer and an oxidizing agent are used as a priming material, water is added to dilute the priming material to a mass fraction of 60% to obtain a priming liquid, a reducing agent and a chain transfer agent are added to water to prepare drop A material with a mass fraction of 20%, a quaternary ammonium salt monomer is added to water to prepare drop B material with a mass fraction of 50%, and an amide monomer is added to water to prepare drop C material with a mass fraction of 60%; at room temperature and normal pressure, the drop A material, the drop B material and the drop C material are simultaneously added to the priming material, after the addition is completed, the reaction is continued, and after the reaction is completed, water is added to dilute the solution to a mass fraction of 40% to obtain the catalyst for the cyclic carbonate.

3. The production method according to claim 2, characterized by, The molar ratio of the polyether macromonomer, the amide monomer and the quaternary ammonium salt monomer is a: b: c = 1: (2.0-4.0): (2.0-10.0).

4. The production method according to claim 2, characterized by, The polyether macromonomer is an unsaturated double bond-containing polyether macromonomer, and the molecular structural formula is as follows: ； In the structural formula, R is one of H and CH3; d is an integer between 0 and 3, m is a positive integer between 5 and 50, and n is an integer between 0 and 10.

5. The production method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, The amide monomer is a tertiary amine monomer containing an unsaturated double bond.

6. The production method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, The quaternary ammonium salt monomer is a quaternary ammonium salt containing an unsaturated double bond.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drop A material is added for 3.5 h, the drop B material is added for 3.0 h, and the drop C material is added for 3.0 h, and after the addition is completed, the reaction is continued for 1.0 h.

8. Use of a catalyst of the cyclic carbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalyst for the cyclic carbonate is used as a main catalyst for the catalytic synthesis of the cyclic carbonate.

9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the main catalyst to the auxiliary catalyst is (5-10):1, and the auxiliary catalyst is a metal halide.

10. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reaction temperature is 110-150℃, the reaction pressure is 0.1-2.0 MPa, and the reaction time is 1.0 h.

Images