A current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts

Abstract

The present invention discloses a current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts. The device comprises a current-assisted device, a temperature-measuring device, and an air-cooling device. The device incorporates brushes at the mouth and tail of the blank and is connected to a high-frequency pulse power supply, forming a current loop between the pulse power supply, the positive brush conductive pin, the blank, the tail, the negative brush conductive pin, and the pulse power supply. The temperature of the blank forming zone is monitored in real time by a temperature-measuring device composed of an infrared thermometer and a computer. Simultaneously, the computer controls the output wind speed of an air-cooling device composed of a cooling nozzle and an air compressor based on a comparison between the set temperature and the real-time temperature, thereby regulating the blank temperature. While performing current-assisted spinning of small-module toothed parts, the device can also precisely control the part temperature, effectively reducing part oxidation caused by the thermal effects of the current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of plastic processing and forming in mechanical engineering, and in particular to a current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main forming process for small-module toothed parts is machining methods such as gear hobbing and gear shaping, which have low material utilization and lengthy processing routes. In addition, machining will destroy the complete metal streamlines, resulting in insufficient strength and toughness of the product, and significantly reducing the load-bearing capacity and fatigue life.

[0003] In addition, since small-module tooth-shaped parts are usually made of difficult-to-deform metals, material flow and plastic forming at room temperature are more difficult. The commonly used thermal processing methods are particularly prominent for high-precision components such as small-module tooth-shaped parts, and the problems such as oxidation caused by them are particularly prominent.

[0004] A new process is urgently needed to achieve high-precision, small-module toothed parts. Fractal spinning involves using a spinning wheel with hard, sharp corners to gradually radially intrude the edges of a rotating circular blank's rectangular cross-section, separating it into two "Y"-shaped parts. This method, when forming small-module toothed parts, not only preserves the metal's streamlines but also refines the microstructure, making it one of the most effective methods for improving part performance and achieving high-performance fabrication.

[0005] In addition, for difficult-to-deform metals, high-frequency current can be introduced into the blank and the electroplastic effect of the metal can be used to significantly improve the plasticity and deformation ability of the material. The use of current-assisted spinning technology is one of the most effective methods to achieve precise plastic forming of small-module toothed parts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art by providing a current-assisted spinning device for small-module toothed parts. This device applies a high-frequency pulse current to a cup-shaped blank during the spinning process, while simultaneously controlling the temperature of the small-module toothed part forming zone using a temperature measuring device and an air cooling device. This device enables high-quality spinning of small-module toothed parts made of difficult-to-deform metals.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts, comprising a core mold device, a tail push device, a synchronization device, and a material push device; characterized in that it also includes a current assist device, a temperature measuring device, and an air cooling device;

[0009] The current assist device includes brushes and a pulse power supply 1. The brushes are clamped on the tail top 8 and the blank 10, respectively. The brush clamped on the blank 10 is the positive electrode 4, and the brush clamped on the tail top 8 is the negative electrode 5. The pulse current of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 is provided by the pulse power supply 1. During the spinning process, the pulse current is passed into the tooth forming area of ​​the blank 10 to assist the spinning.

[0010] The temperature measuring device includes an infrared thermometer 11 and a computer 12; the computer 12 is connected to the infrared thermometer 11 and displays the temperature of the measuring area in real time;

[0011] The air cooling device includes an air compressor 13 and a cooling nozzle 14; the cooling nozzle 14 is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 13; the infrared thermometer 11 and the cooling nozzle 14 are aligned with the spinning deformation area of ​​the blank 10; the infrared thermometer 11 transmits the real-time temperature of the spinning deformation area to the computer 12, and the computer 12 controls the output wind speed of the air compressor 13 based on the temperature feedback from the infrared thermometer 11.

[0012] The positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 each have two pins, one of which is a conductive pin and the other is an insulating pin;

[0013] The conductive pin of the positive electrode 4 is located directly below the deformation zone of the blank 10 during spinning, and the insulating pin of the positive electrode 4 is electrically insulated from the blank 10;

[0014] The conductive pin of the negative electrode 5 is in electrical contact with the tail top 8 , and the insulating pin of the negative electrode 5 is electrically insulated from the tail top 8 .

[0015] The connection lines between the two conductive legs of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are both located within the spinning deformation area of ​​the blank 10 .

[0016] The core mold device includes a gear seat 25, an active synchronous transmission gear 21, a core mold support seat 19, an insulating gasket 17 and a core mold 16;

[0017] One end of the flange of the gear seat 25 is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, and the other end is positioned through a stop and connected to the active synchronous transmission gear 21;

[0018] The core mold support base 19 is connected to the gear base 25 via the other end stop of the active synchronous transmission gear 21. The core mold 16 is mounted on the upper end surface of the core mold support base 19, and the insulating gasket 17 is installed between the core mold 16 and the core mold support base 19. A locating pin 20 is provided between the core mold support base 19 and the core mold 16 to ensure the alignment of the core mold support base 19 and the core mold 16. The connection between the core mold support base 19 and the core mold 16 is fixed using an insulating screw 15.

[0019] The tail top device mainly comprises a tail top 8, a cup-shaped insulating pad 7, a tail top seat 6 and a guide pin;

[0020] The tail top seat 6 is fixed to the upper end of the machine tool spindle, the tail top 8 is fixed on the tail top seat 6, and the cup-shaped insulating pad 7 is installed between the tail top seat 6 and the tail top 8.

[0021] The synchronization device includes a rotating wheel 3, a conical insulating pad 2 and a driven transmission gear 23;

[0022] The conical insulating pad 2 is installed on the main shaft, and a rotating wheel 3 is installed on its upper end surface. The driven transmission gear 23 is installed parallel to and opposite to the active synchronous transmission gear 21.

[0023] The ejecting device is composed of an ejecting block 18, an ejecting rod 24 and a rolling bearing 22;

[0024] The ejector rod 24 passes through the rolling bearing 22 fixed between the active synchronous transmission gear 21 and the gear seat 25 and is connected to the machine tool through a thread. The ejector block 18 is installed on the upper end surface of the ejector rod 24.

[0025] The tail top 8 should surround the upper end of the blank 10 when pressed tightly, and the axial length of the surround is 5 to 10 mm;

[0026] The outer side surface of the rotating wheel 3 has a tooth shape that matches the small module toothed part.

[0027] The active synchronous transmission gear 21 and the small module toothed part have the same pitch circle diameter;

[0028] The rotating wheel and the driven synchronous transmission gear have the same pitch circle diameter.

[0029] There is a gap between the ejecting block 18 and the core mold 16 .

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0031] The present invention adopts the spinning forming of small-module tooth-shaped parts to improve material utilization, shorten the process flow of the entire part, and improve processing efficiency.

[0032] The present invention can effectively reduce the Joule heat effect caused by the electric current during the processing process, and prevent the blank from being oxidized during the forming process.

[0033] The present invention applies high-energy pulse current between the tail top and the cup-shaped blank, thereby forming a current loop among the pulse power supply, brush, tail top, cup-shaped blank, brush and pulse power supply, avoiding low current utilization due to too many intermediate links, and ensuring that the maximum current density is controlled in the spinning forming area, thereby improving the plasticity of difficult-to-deform metals during the spinning process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the brush of the present invention, A is the conductive pin of the brush, and B is the insulating pin of the brush.

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the contact state between the blank 10 and the (toothed) spinning wheel 3 during the spinning process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts, comprising a core mold device, a tail ejector 8 device, a synchronization device, and a material ejector device; the device is characterized in that it also includes a current assist device, a temperature measuring device, and an air cooling device;

[0039] The current assist device includes brushes and a pulse power supply 1. The brushes are clamped on the tail top 8 and the blank 10, respectively. The brush clamped on the blank 10 is the positive electrode 4, and the brush clamped on the tail top 8 is the negative electrode 5. The pulse current of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 is provided by the pulse power supply 1. During the spinning process, the pulse current is passed into the tooth forming area of ​​the blank 10 to assist the spinning.

[0040] The temperature measuring device includes an infrared thermometer 11 and a computer 12; the computer 12 is connected to the infrared thermometer 11 and displays the temperature of the measuring area in real time;

[0041] The air cooling device includes an air compressor 13 and a cooling nozzle 14; the cooling nozzle 14 is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 13; the infrared thermometer 11 and the cooling nozzle 14 are aligned with the spinning deformation area of ​​the blank 10; the infrared thermometer 11 transmits the real-time temperature of the spinning deformation area to the computer 12, and the computer 12 controls the output wind speed of the air compressor 13 based on the temperature feedback from the infrared thermometer 11.

[0042] The positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 each have two pins, one of which is a conductive pin and the other is an insulating pin;

[0043] The conductive pin of the positive electrode 4 is located directly below the deformation zone of the blank 10 during spinning, and the insulating pin of the positive electrode 4 is electrically insulated from the blank 10;

[0044] The conductive pin of the negative electrode 5 is in electrical contact with the tail top 8 , and the insulating pin of the negative electrode 5 is electrically insulated from the tail top 8 .

[0045] The connection lines between the two conductive legs of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are both located within the spinning deformation area of ​​the blank 10 .

[0046] The core mold device includes a gear seat 25, an active synchronous transmission gear 21, a core mold support seat 19, an insulating gasket 17 and a core mold 16;

[0047] One end of the flange of the gear seat 25 is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, and the other end is positioned through a stop and connected to the active synchronous transmission gear 21;

[0048] The core mold support base 19 is connected to the gear base 25 via the other end stop of the active synchronous transmission gear 21. The core mold 16 is mounted on the upper end surface of the core mold support base 19, and the insulating gasket 17 is installed between the core mold 16 and the core mold support base 19. A locating pin 20 is provided between the core mold support base 19 and the core mold 16 to ensure the alignment of the core mold support base 19 and the core mold 16. The connection between the core mold support base 19 and the core mold 16 is fixed using an insulating screw 15.

[0049] The tail top device mainly comprises a tail top 8, a cup-shaped insulating pad 7, a tail top seat 6 and a guide pin;

[0050] Described tail top seat 6 is fixed on the upper end of the main shaft of machine tool, tail top 8 is fixed on tail top seat 6, and cup-shaped insulating pad 7 is installed between tail top seat 6 and tail top 8. The connection between tail top seat 6 and tail top 8 adopts insulating screw to fix.

[0051] The synchronization device includes a rotating wheel 3, a conical insulating pad 2 and a driven transmission gear 23;

[0052] The conical insulating pad 2 is installed on the main shaft, and a rotating wheel 3 is installed on its upper end surface. The driven transmission gear 23 is installed parallel to and opposite to the active synchronous transmission gear 21.

[0053] The ejecting device is composed of an ejecting block 18, an ejecting rod 24 and a rolling bearing 22;

[0054] The ejector rod 24 passes through the rolling bearing 22 fixed between the active synchronous transmission gear 21 and the gear seat 25 and is connected to the machine tool through a thread. The ejector block 18 is installed on the upper end surface of the ejector rod 24.

[0055] The tail top 8 should surround the upper end of the blank 10 when pressed tightly, and the axial length of the surround is 5 to 10 mm;

[0056] The outer side surface of the rotating wheel 3 has a tooth shape that matches the small module toothed part.

[0057] The active synchronous transmission gear 21 and the small module toothed part have the same pitch circle diameter;

[0058] The rotating wheel and the driven synchronous transmission gear have the same pitch circle diameter.

[0059] There is a gap between the ejecting block 18 and the core mold 16 .

[0060] Reference Figure 1 Taking the single-sided spinning method as an example, since the device is slender as a whole, in order to improve the overall rigidity of the device so that it can withstand a larger spinning pressure, when the tail top 8 presses the blank 10, it should surround the upper end of the blank 10 to form a stop-type tail top, and the axial length of the surround is 7mm.

[0061] The present invention can also adopt double-sided spinning wheel processing. When double-sided spinning wheel is adopted, the axial length of the tail top 8 surrounding the blank 10 can be appropriately reduced.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 , the fixing of the rotating wheel 3, the connection between the tail top 8 and the tail top seat 6, and the connection between the core mold 16 and the core mold support seat 19 should all adopt insulating fasteners.

[0063] The blank 10 increases the length of the brush clamping area on the basic axial length. Increasing the clamping area length can inhibit the axial flow of the material to a certain extent, making it easier to fill the tooth shape completely. The increased axial length of the blank 10 is 1.2 times the thickness of the brush used.

[0064] During the spinning process, the spinning wheel 3 is driven by the active synchronous transmission gear 21 and the driven synchronous transmission gear 23. In order to ensure that the blank 10 and the spinning wheel 3 have the same linear velocity at the contact point, the active synchronous transmission gear 21 should have the same pitch circle diameter as the small module toothed part, and the driven synchronous transmission gear 23 should have the same pitch circle diameter as the spinning wheel 3.

[0065] The outer side surface of the rotating wheel 3 has a tooth shape that matches the small module toothed part. During the spinning process, the rotating wheel 3 is radially fed into the blank 10, so that the material of the blank 10 gradually fills the matching tooth shape, and finally forms a small module tooth with high quality.

[0066] During current-assisted spinning, in order to ensure that the pulse current flows through the forming area, one of the two electrodes should be connected to the surface of the blank 10, while improving the contact surface quality between the blank 10 and the positive electrode 4 of the brush and making the positive electrode 4 clamp the surface of the blank 10 to reduce the generation of electric sparks. Figure 2 A strong spring is used to connect the two legs of the positive electrode 4 to ensure that the brush 4 has sufficient force to clamp the blank 10 during the spinning process.

[0067] Reference Figure 2Since this embodiment is single-wheel spinning, in order to limit the area with the highest current density to the vicinity of the spinning deformation zone, one of the two pins of the brush is made into an insulated form, and the clamping position of the conductive pin of the positive electrode 4 in the circumferential direction is limited to the vicinity of the deformation zone, and the other insulating pin remains insulated from the blank 10. In addition, the clamping position and insulation condition of the two pins of the negative electrode 5 of the brush in the circumferential direction should be the same as those of the positive electrode 4.

[0068] Therefore, the method of applying current to the tail top and the blank of the present invention has the following principle structure: Figure 1 The current loop consists of: pulse power supply 1, conductive pin of positive electrode 4, blank 10, tail tip 8, conductive pin of negative electrode 5, and pulse power supply 1. This avoids the reduction in current utilization due to excessive intermediate links and ensures that the area with the highest current density is confined to the spinning deformation zone, thereby maximizing electroplasticity efficiency, reducing production costs, and improving the spinning performance of the material. In this embodiment, when blank 10 is made of 30CrMnSiA alloy structural steel, the pulse current is 1000A to 1500A.

[0069] Since the current density is relatively concentrated, in order to prevent the Joule heating effect caused by the current from causing adverse effects such as oxidation on the blank 10, an infrared thermometer 11 is used in combination with the temperature monitoring program on the computer 12 to display the temperature of the deformation zone in real time during the spinning process, and the cooling nozzle 14 is connected to the air compressor 13 to cool the blank 10. When the temperature of the deformation zone of the blank is higher than 100°C, the computer 12 controls to increase the air flow velocity of the air cooling outlet. When it is lower than 60°C, the air flow velocity of the air cooling outlet is reduced to achieve the purpose of temperature control.

[0070] Reference Figure 1 During the spinning process, in order to ensure that the current does not flow through the ejection device, there should be a certain gap between the outer diameter of the ejection block 18 and the inner diameter of the core mold 16.

[0071] As described above, the present invention can be implemented better.

[0072] The implementation methods of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts, comprising a core mold device, a tail ejection device, a synchronization device, and a ejection device; characterized in that It also includes a current auxiliary device, a temperature measuring device and an air cooling device; The current assist device is composed of a brush and a pulse power supply (1), wherein the brushes are respectively clamped on the tail top (8) of the tail top device and the blank (10), wherein the brush clamped on the blank (10) is a positive electrode (4), and the brush clamped on the tail top (8) is a negative electrode (5), and the pulse current of the positive electrode (4) and the negative electrode (5) is provided by the pulse power supply (1); during the spinning process, the pulse current is passed into the spinning deformation zone of the blank (10) as a current-assisted spinning; The temperature measuring device comprises an infrared thermometer (11) and a computer (12); the computer (12) is connected to the infrared thermometer (11) and displays the temperature of the measuring area in real time; The air cooling device includes an air compressor (13) and a cooling nozzle (14); the cooling nozzle (14) is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor (13); the infrared thermometer (11) and the cooling nozzle (14) are aligned with the spinning deformation area of ​​the blank (10); the infrared thermometer (11) transmits the real-time temperature of the spinning deformation area to the computer (12), and the computer (12) controls the output wind speed of the air compressor (13) according to the temperature feedback from the infrared thermometer (11); The core mold device comprises a gear seat (25), an active synchronous transmission gear (21), a core mold support seat (19), an insulating gasket (17) and a core mold (16); One end of the flange of the gear seat (25) is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, and the other end is positioned through a stop and connected to the active synchronous transmission gear (21); The core mold support seat (19) is connected to the gear seat (25) through the stopper at the other end of the active synchronous transmission gear (21), the core mold (16) is installed on the upper end surface of the core mold support seat (19), and the insulating gasket (17) is installed between the core mold (16) and the core mold support seat (19); The synchronization device comprises a rotating wheel (3), a conical insulating pad (2) and a driven transmission gear (23); The conical insulating pad (2) is mounted on the main shaft of the synchronization device, and a rotating wheel (3) is mounted on its upper end surface. A driven transmission gear (23) arranged below the rotating wheel is mounted parallel to and opposite to the driving synchronous transmission gear (21). The driving synchronous transmission gear cooperates with the driven transmission gear to drive the rotating wheel to rotate.

2. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode (4) and the negative electrode (5) each have two pins, one of which is a conductive pin and the other is an insulating pin; The conductive pin of the positive electrode (4) is located directly below the spinning deformation zone of the blank (10) during spinning, and the insulating pin of the positive electrode (4) is electrically insulated from the blank (10); The conductive pin of the negative electrode (5) is in electrical contact with the tail top (8), and the insulating pin of the negative electrode (5) is electrically insulated from the tail top (8).

3. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection lines between the two conductive legs of the positive electrode (4) and the negative electrode (5) are both located within the spinning deformation region of the blank (10).

4. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail top device comprises a tail top (8), a cup-shaped insulating pad (7) and a tail top seat (6); The tail top seat (6) is fixed to the upper end of the machine tool spindle, the tail top (8) is fixed on the tail top seat (6), and the cup-shaped insulating pad (7) is installed between the tail top seat (6) and the tail top (8).

5. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejecting device comprises an ejecting block (18), an ejecting rod (24) and a rolling bearing (22); The ejector rod (24) passes through a rolling bearing (22) fixed between an active synchronous transmission gear (21) and a gear seat (25) and is connected to the machine tool via a thread, and the ejector block (18) is mounted on the upper end surface of the ejector rod (24).

6. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tail top (8) is pressed tightly, it should surround the upper end of the blank (10), and the axial length of the surround is 5 to 10 mm; The outer side surface of the rotating wheel (3) has a tooth shape that matches the small-module toothed part.

7. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active synchronous transmission gear (21) and the small module toothed part have the same pitch circle diameter; The rotating wheel and the driven synchronous transmission gear have the same pitch circle diameter.

8. The current-assisted spinning forming device for small-module toothed parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is a gap between the ejecting block (18) and the core mold (16).

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