A device and method for targeted environmental microbe isolation

Abstract

This invention discloses a targeted environmental microbial isolation device and method, comprising a box and a door. The box contains three sliding partitions, each with a culture hood. The culture hood includes an upper and a lower culture hood. The upper culture hood contains a separation culture device with several culture holes. The lower culture hood has an air inlet at its rear and an air outlet branch pipe at its front. The air outlet branch pipe is connected to a flexible connecting pipe, and several flexible connecting pipes have parallel air outlet pipes on their air outlet sides. Each air outlet branch pipe also has a one-way valve. An air inlet branch pipe runs through the rear of the box. The invention also includes separation steps S1-S7. This targeted environmental microbial isolation device and method can effectively enrich and screen strains capable of specifically degrading organic pollutants. Compared to traditional bacterial screening devices, this invention can effectively screen microorganisms with targeted degradation capabilities from the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental microbial isolation and screening technology, and in particular to a targeted environmental microbial isolation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Halogenated organic compounds (including organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, glyphosate, chlorfenapyr, etc.) are important organic compounds widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural fields. Due to their stable chemical structure, easy bioaccumulation, and high toxicity, they exhibit teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects on organisms, classifying them as persistent and recalcitrant organic pollutants. Large-scale use and emissions pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. With increasing international and domestic demands for sustainable development, effectively addressing these pollutants has become a focal point in environmental remediation.

[0003] In the field of environmental governance, biodegradation is a highly efficient, low-cost method that produces no secondary pollution, making it a crucial means of treating such pollutants. Biodegradation relies on specific microorganisms, but traditional microbial screening and isolation techniques have certain limitations. First, traditional techniques typically cannot simultaneously screen multiple microbial strains that target and degrade specific pollutants, resulting in low screening efficiency. Second, traditional screening devices are often simplistic in form and involve cumbersome experimental procedures, increasing operational difficulty and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a targeted environmental microbial isolation device and method that can be widely applied under different environmental conditions, exhibiting strong adaptability and flexibility. It can specifically enrich and separate microbial strains capable of targeting and degrading organic pollutants (including organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, glyphosate, chlorfenapyr, etc.), effectively improving the efficiency and effectiveness of environmental pollution control.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: It includes a box body and a door, connected by two hinges, forming a sealed space. Three slidable partitions are installed inside the box body, each partition equipped with a culture hood. The culture hood includes an upper culture hood and a lower culture hood, forming a sealed culture chamber. A separation culture device is installed inside the culture chamber, with several culture holes on the separation culture device. The upper culture hood has a sealing part for blocking the culture holes. An air inlet is located on the rear side of the lower culture hood, and an air outlet branch pipe is located on the front side of the lower culture hood. The air outlet branch pipe is connected to a flexible connecting pipe, and each flexible connecting pipe has a parallel air outlet pipe on its outlet side. Each air outlet branch pipe is also equipped with a one-way valve. An air inlet branch pipe, which mates with the air inlet, is installed through the rear side of the box body, and the air inlet branch pipe is inserted into the air inlet.

[0006] Furthermore, the air inlet is a conical hole, and a conical guide is provided on the air outlet side of the air inlet branch pipe, with the conical guide having the same taper as the air inlet.

[0007] Furthermore, a rubber layer is provided on the outside of the conical guide section, and the outside of the rubber layer is interference-fitted or over-fitted with the air inlet.

[0008] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the top of the enclosure, and a transparent observation window is provided inside the observation window. The transparent observation window is made of double-layered heat-insulating glass.

[0009] Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided on the lower culture cover, and sensor through holes for installing the temperature sensor and humidity sensor are provided on the lower culture cover. The temperature sensor and humidity sensor are sealed and installed in the sensor through holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the lower culture hood is provided with two parallel limiting grooves, and the partition is provided with limiting protrusions that cooperate with the limiting grooves. The cross-sections of the limiting grooves and the limiting protrusions are both semi-circular.

[0011] Furthermore, a ring of inserting edge is provided at the bottom of the upper culture cover, the upper culture cover and the inserting edge are integrally formed, and the inserting edge is inserted into the inner wall of the lower culture cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the flexible connecting pipe is a corrugated pipe or a gooseneck pipe, and the intake branch pipe is a pagoda connector.

[0013] The separation method of the targeted environmental microbial isolation device includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Clean and sterilize the interior of the entire targeted environment microbial separation device;

[0015] S2. Inject the novel organic pollutant and the unsolidified solid culture medium into a microporous spherical mold, and remove it after it solidifies to make a spherical solid culture medium.

[0016] S3. Pull out the partition and the culture cover together, remove the upper culture cover, and add an equal amount of soil rich in functional strains to each culture well of the isolation culture device.

[0017] S4. Cover the upper culture cover, push the partition and culture cover in together. When the partition is in place, push the culture cover in further to insert the air inlet branch pipe into the air inlet hole, and connect the air inlet end of the flexible connecting pipe to the air outlet branch pipe.

[0018] S5. Place the spherical solid culture medium into the culture well of the isolation culture apparatus;

[0019] S6. The ambient gas with regulated humidity and temperature is delivered to the corresponding culture hood through the air inlet branch pipe to maintain the culture hood within the appropriate temperature range, so as to promote the growth and enrichment of the target microorganisms.

[0020] S7. After culturing for a period of time, remove the spherical solid culture medium, collect and isolate the enriched microbial strains.

[0021] Furthermore, the microporous spherical mold includes an upper semicircular mold and a lower semicircular mold. The top of the upper semicircular mold is provided with micropores, and the bottom of the upper semicircular mold and the top of the lower semicircular mold are provided with elastic rubber sealing rings. The upper semicircular mold and the lower semicircular mold are engaged and fitted together by the elastic rubber sealing rings.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] The targeted environmental microbial separation device and separation method of the present invention can effectively enrich and screen strains capable of specifically degrading organic pollutants; compared with traditional bacterial screening devices, the present invention can effectively screen out microorganisms with targeted degradation capabilities from the environment.

[0024] The microporous spherical mold of this invention designs the solid culture medium into spherical shapes, increasing the attachment area of ​​the strains on the culture medium. Its main function is to target and enrich the target microorganisms. The solid culture medium spheres are placed into the culture wells of the isolation culture device, which can be removed from the culture chamber to achieve the isolation and confinement of different microbial cells.

[0025] Each culture hood in this invention uses a pre-regulated ambient gas to replace the gas in the culture hood, ensuring that the ambient gas in the culture hood is always within the optimal temperature and humidity range. This eliminates the need for slow adjustment of humidity and temperature in the culture hood, making the temperature and humidity environment in the culture hood more stable. It also greatly simplifies the overall structure of the separation device, and the culture in each culture hood does not interfere with each other, enabling the isolation and confinement of various microbial cells.

[0026] The culture hood of this invention is designed to meet the growth conditions of microorganisms in different environments, and is suitable for isolating microbial strains that target and degrade different types of pollutants from various environmental samples, including but not limited to soil, water, and air samples. The isolation culture device can achieve the isolation and confinement of microorganisms with different functions.

[0027] The solid culture medium used in this invention is specially made into a spherical shape. When placed in the environment, the spherical surface increases the amount of microorganisms that attach to the environment, so as to efficiently screen out strains that target and degrade pollutants.

[0028] The apparatus and method of this invention can be widely applied in environmental pollution control, microbiological research, and the field of biotechnology. It not only improves the efficiency and effectiveness of pollutant treatment but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the interactions between microorganisms and pollutants, which is of great significance for environmental remediation.

[0029] This invention utilizes multiple culture wells of a separation culture device and solid culture media to achieve the screening and isolation of targeted degrading bacteria for various pollutants. This not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of microbial screening but also provides a novel biotechnological approach for environmental pollution control, possessing significant practical application value. Furthermore, this method avoids the cumbersome operation of streaking solid culture plates, simplifies experimental procedures, accelerates the search for microorganisms capable of efficiently degrading target pollutants, and provides a more feasible solution for environmental remediation and bioremediation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the culture hood;

[0034] Figure 5 A top view of the culture enclosure;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section view in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a front view of the culture hood;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 BB section view in the middle;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a microporous spherical mold;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a microporous spherical mold in the frontal view.

[0040] The symbols for the main components in the diagram are explained below:

[0041] 1. Chamber; 11. Transparent observation window; 2. Chamber door; 3. Partition; 31. Limiting protrusion; 4. Culture cover; 41. Upper culture cover; 411. Insertion edge; 42. Lower culture cover; 43. Air inlet; 44. Air outlet branch pipe; 45. Air outlet pipe; 46. Limiting groove; 47. Flexible connecting pipe; 5. Air inlet branch pipe; 6. Separation culture device; 7. Culture hole; 8. Partition slide groove; 9. Microporous spherical mold; 91. Upper semi-circular mold; 92. Lower semi-circular mold; 93. Micropore; 94. Elastic rubber sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0043] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the targeted environmental microbial isolation device includes a housing 1 and a door 2, which are connected by two hinges. The housing 1 and door 2 form a sealed space. Three sliding partitions 3 are installed inside the housing 1, each with a culture cover 4. The culture cover 4 includes an upper culture cover 41 and a lower culture cover 42, forming a sealed culture chamber. An isolation culture device 6 is installed inside the culture chamber, and the isolation culture device 6 has several culture wells 7, each with a unique code. Each culture well 7 is used to simulate different environments for the growth and enrichment of microorganisms. The culture cover 4 is preferably made of a transparent material to facilitate observation of the growth of microorganisms on the spherical solid culture medium. A sealing part is provided on the upper culture cover 41 to block the culture wells 7. Each culture well 7 corresponds to one sealing part. The sealing part is made of rubber or plastic and is used to block the top of the culture well 7. The sealing part and the culture well 7 are press-fitted or overfitted, but it does not affect the connection and installation of the upper culture cover 41 and the lower culture cover 42. The culture cover 4 forms a culture chamber. The sealing part of the upper culture cover 41 is used to isolate each culture well 7 to prevent the target microorganisms separated in each channel from interfering with each other. The upper culture cover 41 is divided into two types: one is oxygen-permeable for screening aerobic microorganisms, and the other is not oxygen-permeable for isolating anaerobic microorganisms.

[0044] like Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, an air inlet 43 is provided on the rear side of the lower culture hood 42, and an air outlet branch pipe 44 is provided on the front side of the lower culture hood 42. The air outlet branch pipe 44 is connected to a flexible connecting pipe 47, and an air outlet pipe 45 is connected in parallel to the air outlet side of each flexible connecting pipe 47. Each air outlet branch pipe 44 is also equipped with a one-way valve. An air inlet branch pipe 5 that mates with the air inlet hood 43 is provided through the rear side of the chamber 1. The air inlet branch pipe 5 is inserted into the air inlet hood 43. Each culture hood 4 is connected to a corresponding air inlet branch pipe 5. The air inlet side of each air inlet branch pipe 5 is connected to an ambient gas source with regulated temperature and humidity. Each air inlet branch pipe 5 can be connected to an ambient gas source individually or to the same ambient gas source. An electromagnetic valve is provided at the air inlet end of each air inlet branch pipe 5 to control the air intake of each air inlet branch pipe 5, thereby realizing the gas input in each culture hood 4 and keeping the temperature and humidity in the culture hood 4 within the optimal range. The ambient gas source is mainly formed into a gas with a specific temperature and humidity through existing refrigerators, heaters, and atomization systems. This gas is then directly input into the culture hood 4 to achieve temperature regulation within the culture hood 4. This method is more convenient, allowing the temperature of each culture hood 4 to be adjusted independently. The exhaust pipe 45, in conjunction with the one-way valves of each exhaust branch pipe 44, facilitates the discharge of ambient gas from each culture hood 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the flexible connecting pipe 47 is preferably a corrugated pipe or a gooseneck pipe. The corrugated pipe or gooseneck pipe has good flexibility and can be bent at a certain angle, which facilitates the insertion and installation of the flexible connecting pipe 47 onto the flexible connecting pipe 47. The intake branch pipe 5 is preferably a pagoda connector, which allows the flexible connecting pipe 47 to be directly inserted into the intake branch pipe 5, facilitating a quick connection between the flexible connecting pipe 47 and the intake branch pipe 5.

[0046] The air inlet 43 is a conical hole, and a conical guide is provided on the outlet side of the air inlet branch pipe 5, with the conical guide having the same taper as the air inlet 43. A rubber layer is provided on the outside of the conical guide, and the outside of the rubber layer is either press-fitted or over-fitted to the air inlet 43. The culture hood 4 connects to the air inlet branch pipe 5 through the insertion and connection of the air inlet 43, thereby enabling the introduction of regulated external gas. The regulated gas introduced into the culture hood 4 ensures that the degradation of organic pollutants (including organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, glyphosate, chlorfenapyr, etc.) and the growth conditions of the target strains are within the optimal humidity and temperature range. The rubber layer further enhances the sealing between the air inlet 43 and the air inlet branch pipe 5, thus achieving a sealed connection between the culture hood 4 and the air inlet branch pipe 5, facilitating the introduction of ambient gas.

[0047] In this embodiment, an observation window is provided on the top of the housing 1, and a transparent observation window 11 is provided inside the observation window. The transparent observation window 11 is made of double-layered heat-insulating glass. The interior of the separation device can be observed from the top through the observation window, which facilitates the observation of the internal conditions of the separation device.

[0048] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided on the lower culture hood 42. The lower culture hood 42 has sensor through-holes for mounting the temperature and humidity sensors, which are sealed within these through-holes. The temperature and humidity sensors on the lower culture hood 42 can monitor temperature and humidity based on the degradation of novel organic pollutants (including organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, glyphosate, chlorfenapyr, etc.) and the growth conditions of the target bacterial strain. This allows for convenient external adjustment of the temperature and humidity environment within the culture hood to optimize the enrichment and growth process of the bacterial strain.

[0049] In this embodiment, the bottom of the lower culture hood 42 is provided with two parallel limiting grooves 46, and the partition 3 is provided with limiting protrusions 31 that cooperate with the limiting grooves 46. The cross-sections of both the limiting grooves 46 and the limiting protrusions 31 are semi-circular. By cooperating with the limiting grooves 46 of the lower culture hood 42 and the limiting protrusions 31 of the partition 3, the position of the lower culture hood 42 is limited, thereby facilitating the connection between the air inlet 43 on the rear side of the lower culture hood 42 and the air inlet branch pipe 5, and facilitating the connection between each lower culture hood 42 and the air inlet branch pipe 5.

[0050] In this embodiment, the bottom of the upper culture cover 41 is provided with a ring of insertion edge 411. The upper culture cover 41 and the insertion edge 411 are integrally formed, and the insertion edge 411 is inserted and fitted into the inner wall of the lower culture cover 42. Through the insertion edge 411 of the upper culture cover 41, the upper culture cover 41 can be easily installed on the lower culture cover 42, and at the same time, it helps to improve the sealing performance of the culture cover 4.

[0051] The separation method of the targeted environmental microbial isolation device includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Clean and sterilize the interior of the entire targeted environment microbial separation device; specifically:

[0053] Remove the separation culture device 6 and the microporous spherical mold 9 from the culture hood 4, wipe them with 75% alcohol, and sterilize them under ultraviolet light for 10 minutes.

[0054] S2. Inject organic pollutants (organic pollutants may be organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, glyphosate, chlorfenapyr, etc.) and unsolidified solid culture medium into a microporous spherical mold 9. After solidification, remove the mold to form a spherical solid culture medium. The organic pollutants may be halogenated organic pollutants, organochlorine pesticides, brominated organic compounds, or fluorinated organic compounds. Specifically:

[0055] A solid culture medium containing decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBD) contaminant was prepared and injected into the mold through the micropores 93 of the microporous spherical mold 9. After solidification, it was removed to form spherical solid culture media. The upper culture cover 41 was opened, and an equal amount of soil rich in microorganisms was added to each culture well 7 of the separation culture device 6. The solid culture media spheres were then placed into each culture well 7 of the separation culture device 6, and the separation culture plate cover was closed. An ambient gas with regulated humidity and temperature was introduced through the air inlet branch pipe 5 to promote the growth and enrichment of the target microorganisms. After a period of cultivation, the solid culture media spheres were removed, and the enriched DBD-degrading bacteria were collected and isolated.

[0056] The spherical solid culture medium includes: nutrients and target degradable contaminants; the nutrients include carbon sources, nitrogen sources, trace elements, etc., which provide the energy required for microbial growth; the target degradable contaminants are added to the solid culture medium to enrich and screen microorganisms that can target and degrade these contaminants; the size of the spherical solid culture medium can be customized according to different application needs;

[0057] S3. Pull out the partition 3 and the culture cover 4 together, remove the upper culture cover 41, and add an equal amount of environmental gas to each culture well 7 of the separation culture device 6; wherein the environmental gas includes, but is not limited to, soil, water and air samples, so as to separate microbial strains that target the degradation of different types of pollutants from various environmental samples;

[0058] S4. Cover the upper culture cover 41, push the partition 3 and culture cover 4 in together. When the partition 3 is pushed in, push the culture cover 4 in further so that the air inlet branch pipe 5 is inserted into the air inlet hole 43, and connect the air inlet end of the flexible connecting pipe 47 to the air outlet branch pipe 44.

[0059] S5. Place the spherical solid culture medium into the culture well 7 of the separation culture device 6;

[0060] S6. The ambient gas with regulated humidity and temperature is delivered to the corresponding culture hood 4 through the air inlet branch pipe 5 to maintain the culture hood 4 within a suitable temperature range, so as to promote the growth and enrichment of the target microorganisms.

[0061] S7. After culturing for a period of time, remove the spherical solid culture medium, collect and isolate the enriched microbial strains.

[0062] like Figure 9 and 10As shown, the microporous spherical mold 9 includes an upper semicircular mold 91 and a lower semicircular mold 92. The top of the upper semicircular mold 91 has micropores 93, and the bottom of the upper semicircular mold 91 and the top of the lower semicircular mold 92 are provided with elastic rubber sealing rings 94. The upper semicircular mold 91, the lower semicircular mold 92, and the elastic rubber sealing rings 94 are integrated into one piece. The outer and inner diameters of the elastic rubber sealing rings 94 of the upper semicircular mold 91 are both 1-2 mm larger than those of the elastic rubber sealing rings 94 of the lower semicircular mold 92, thus forming a snap-fit ​​fit. The upper semicircular mold 91 and the lower semicircular mold 92 are snap-fitted together by the elastic rubber sealing rings 94. The connection between the upper semicircular mold 91 and the lower semicircular mold 92 using the elastic rubber sealing rings 94 is flexible and prevents culture medium leakage. The micropores 93 are used to inject solid culture medium to form solid culture medium spheres.

Claims

1. A method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms, characterized in that, The device includes a targeted environmental microbial separation device, which includes a box (1) and a door (2). The box (1) and the door (2) are connected by several hinges. The box (1) and the door (2) form a sealed space. The box (1) is provided with three sliding partitions (3). Each partition (3) is provided with a culture cover (4). The culture hood (4) includes an upper culture hood (41) and a lower culture hood (42), which form a sealed culture chamber. A separation culture device (6) is provided in the culture chamber. The separation culture device (6) is provided with a plurality of culture holes (7). The upper culture hood (41) is provided with a sealing part for blocking the culture holes (7). An air inlet (43) is provided on the rear side of the lower culture hood (42), and an air outlet branch pipe (44) is provided on the front side of the lower culture hood (42). The air outlet branch pipe (44) is connected to a flexible connecting pipe (47). An air outlet pipe (45) is connected in parallel to the air outlet side of the flexible connecting pipe (47) on each lower culture hood (42). Each air outlet branch pipe (44) is also provided with a one-way valve. An air intake branch pipe (5) is provided through the rear side of the box (1) and is matched with the air intake hole (43). The air intake branch pipe (5) is inserted into the air intake hole (43). The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms includes the following steps: S1. Clean and sterilize the interior of the entire targeted environment microbial separation device; S2. Inject organic pollutants and unsolidified solid culture medium into a microporous spherical mold (9), and remove it after solidification to make a spherical solid culture medium. S3. Pull out the partition (3) and the culture cover (4) together, remove the upper culture cover (41), and add an equal amount of soil rich in functional strains to each culture well (7) of the isolation culture device (6); S4. Cover the upper culture cover (41), push the partition (3) and culture cover (4) together, and when the partition (3) is pushed in, push the culture cover (4) in further, so that the air inlet branch pipe (5) is inserted into the air inlet hole (43), and connect the air inlet end of the flexible connecting pipe (47) to the air outlet branch pipe (44). S5. Place the spherical solid culture medium into the culture well (7) of the separation culture device (6); S6. The ambient gas with regulated humidity and temperature is delivered to the corresponding culture hood (4) through the air inlet branch pipe (5) to maintain the culture hood (4) within the appropriate temperature range to promote the growth and enrichment of the target microorganisms. S7. After culturing for a period of time, remove the spherical solid culture medium, collect and isolate the enriched microbial strains.

2. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (43) is a conical hole, and the air outlet side of the air inlet branch pipe (5) is provided with a conical guide part, the conical guide part having the same taper as the air inlet (43).

3. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the conical guide is provided with a rubber layer, and the outer side of the rubber layer is interference or overfitted with the air inlet (43).

4. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the enclosure (1) is provided with an observation window, and a transparent observation window (11) is provided inside the observation window. The transparent observation window (11) is double-layered heat-insulating glass.

5. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower culture hood (42) is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The lower culture hood (42) is provided with a sensor through hole for installing the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. The temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are sealed and installed in the sensor through hole.

6. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower culture hood (42) is provided with two parallel limiting grooves (46), and the partition (3) is provided with a limiting protrusion (31) that cooperates with the limiting grooves (46). The cross-section of the limiting grooves (46) and the limiting protrusion (31) are both semi-circular.

7. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper culture cover (41) has a ring of insert edge (411) at the bottom. The upper culture cover (41) and the insert edge (411) are integrally formed. The insert edge (411) is inserted into the inner wall of the lower culture cover (42).

8. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible connecting pipe (47) is a corrugated pipe or a gooseneck pipe, and the air intake branch pipe (5) is a pagoda connector.

9. The method for isolating targeted environmental microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous spherical mold (9) includes an upper semicircular mold (91) and a lower semicircular mold (92). The top of the upper semicircular mold (91) is provided with micropores (93). The bottom of the upper semicircular mold (91) and the top of the lower semicircular mold (92) are provided with elastic rubber sealing rings (94). The upper semicircular mold (91) and the lower semicircular mold (92) are engaged by the elastic rubber sealing rings (94).

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